TECHNOLOGY GUIDE TWO

Computer Software

TECHNOLOGY GUIDE OUTLINE

TG2.1 Significance of Software

TG2.2 Systems Software

TG2.3 Application Software

TG2.4 Software Issues

TG2.5 Programming Languages

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Differentiate between the two major types of software.

Describe the general functions of the operating system.

Describe the major types of application software.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued)

Describe the major software issues that organizations face today.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of open-source software.

Explain how software has evolved and consider trends for the future.

TG2.1 Significance of Software

Computer program Stored program concept Documentation

Significance of Software (continued)

Types of Software

System software Application software

TG2.2 Systems Software

System control programs

Operating system

Apple OS X Leopard

Functions of the Operating System

Multitasking/multiprogramming Multithreading Multiprocessing Virtual Memory Graphical user interface (GUI) Social interface

Example of Social Interface Using an Avatar

Avatar

System Support Programs

System support programs System utilities System performance monitors System security monitors

TG2.3 Application Software

Proprietary application software Contract software Off-the-shelf application software Package

TG2.4 Software Issues

Software defects Software evaluation and selection Software licensing Open systems Open source software Software-as-a-Service

TG2.5 Programming Languages

First-generation language or Machine Language

Second-generation language or Assembly language

Third-generation language or Procedural language

Fourth-generation language or Non-procedural language

Visual programming languages

Object-Oriented Languages

Object-Oriented Languages: Programming language that encapsulate a small amount of data with instructions about what to do with data. Methods Object Encapsulation Reusability feature

Hypertext Markup Language and Extensible Markup Language Hypertext Hyperlinks Hypertext document Hypertext markup language (HTML) Extensible markup language (XML)

Comparison of HTML and XML