Technology Division INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Canary Islands, SPAIN “Hardware Developments

Technology Division

INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIASINSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS

Luis F. Rodríguez-RamosInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

Canary Islands, SPAIN

“Hardware Developments for Fast Control Systems”

OPTICON planning meeting UKATC, Edinburgh

Canary Islands, SPAIN

“Hardware Developments for Fast Control Systems”

OPTICON planning meeting UKATC, Edinburgh

Technology DivisionLuis F. Rodríguez-RamosInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

Started on mid-80s Configurable logic blocks

65 nm, 550 MHz Interface to many standards Hundreds of I/O Recently grown to big sizes

Started on mid-80s Configurable logic blocks

65 nm, 550 MHz Interface to many standards Hundreds of I/O Recently grown to big sizes


FPGA main featuresFPGA main features

Parallelism Speed Low cost Flexibility Tiny size, low power

consumption, low weight

Parallelism Speed Low cost Flexibility Tiny size, low power

consumption, low weight


FPGA vs µPs, DSPs, GPUsFPGA vs µPs, DSPs, GPUs

FPGAs helped conventional processors doing interfacing, glue logic,...

FPGAs have grown to a level capable of accepting a microprocessor inside...

Traditional approach is to manufacture big quantities of a general purpose microelectronics hardware, and write a (specific) program to solve the specific task

Using FPGAs, we can get rid of any program and produce the hardware adequate for each task.

FPGAs helped conventional processors doing interfacing, glue logic,...

FPGAs have grown to a level capable of accepting a microprocessor inside...

Traditional approach is to manufacture big quantities of a general purpose microelectronics hardware, and write a (specific) program to solve the specific task

Using FPGAs, we can get rid of any program and produce the hardware adequate for each task.


FPGA: Transversal key technologyFPGA: Transversal key technology

Adaptive optics Detector controllers Phasing control for segmented mirrors High time resolution astronomy Lossless data compression On-line data reduction …

Adaptive optics Detector controllers Phasing control for segmented mirrors High time resolution astronomy Lossless data compression On-line data reduction …


IAC Example IAC Example

In-house technology development project

Examine FPGA technology and evaluate its potential for AO

Develop know-how to be used in future AO projects for astronomy

and other fields

L.F. Rodríguez Ramos et al. “FPGA adaptive optics system test bench”. Proc. SPIE 5903, 120-

128, 2005

J.G. Marichal-Hernández, L.F. Rodríguez-Ramos et al. “Atmospheric wavefront phase recovery

using specialized hardware: GPUs and FPGAs”. Applied Optics 2005 Dec 10;44(35):7587-94

L.F. Rodríguez Ramos et al. “Testing FPGAs for real-time control of adaptive optics in giant

telescopes ”. Proc. SPIE 6272, 2006

In-house technology development project

Examine FPGA technology and evaluate its potential for AO

Develop know-how to be used in future AO projects for astronomy

and other fields

L.F. Rodríguez Ramos et al. “FPGA adaptive optics system test bench”. Proc. SPIE 5903, 120-

128, 2005

J.G. Marichal-Hernández, L.F. Rodríguez-Ramos et al. “Atmospheric wavefront phase recovery

using specialized hardware: GPUs and FPGAs”. Applied Optics 2005 Dec 10;44(35):7587-94

L.F. Rodríguez Ramos et al. “Testing FPGAs for real-time control of adaptive optics in giant

telescopes ”. Proc. SPIE 6272, 2006


Project teamProject team

PeopleLuis F. Rodriguez Ramos PI & PM

Teodora Viera Control Algorithm

José V. Gigante Camera I/F, displays and centroid

computation

Fernando Gago Frame grabbing

Guillermo Herrera DACs I/F

Angel Alonso Optics

Nicolas Descharmes Optics

Budget

4000 man-hours (~2 man-yr)

25 K€ ($30 K)

PeopleLuis F. Rodriguez Ramos PI & PM

Teodora Viera Control Algorithm

José V. Gigante Camera I/F, displays and centroid

computation

Fernando Gago Frame grabbing

Guillermo Herrera DACs I/F

Angel Alonso Optics

Nicolas Descharmes Optics

Budget

4000 man-hours (~2 man-yr)

25 K€ ($30 K)


Experimental setupExperimental setup

D1

L1

D2

TS

ATM

BS1

50/50

BS2 50/50

NDF

MMDM

L2

L3

D3

L4LA

SC

SHC

MO

LS


Electronic system setupElectronic system setup

PC computer

VGA monitor

PC monitor

USB camera

DALSA CA-D6 IF

DM37 chAMP

39 chD/A

Tip-tiltmirror

USB

RS232

JTAG

Tip-tiltdriver

Centroidscomputation

VGA displaymodule

ZeroReference

Difference Errors

Matrixcomputation

PI filters

Ga

in

I o

n/o

ff

New ref

VIRTEX-4

Frame grabber

OAconFPGA electronic control system

Cuadraticresponse

compensation

Image re-arrangement


Electronic system setupElectronic system setup

PC computer

VGA monitor

PC monitor

USB camera

DALSA CA-D6 IF

DM37 chAMP

39 chD/A

Tip-tiltmirror

USB

RS232

JTAG

Tip-tiltdriver

Centroidscomputation

VGA displaymodule

ZeroReference

Difference Errors

Matrixcomputation

PI filters

Ga

in

I o

n/o

ff

New ref

VIRTEX-4

Frame grabber

OAconFPGA electronic control system

Cuadraticresponse

compensation

Image re-arrangement


FPGA occupancy exampleFPGA occupancy example

Image recomposing 1% Centroid calculation 35% Matrix computation 3% Linearization 6% PI control 2%

Display 14% Housekeeping 9%

TOTAL 70%

Image recomposing 1% Centroid calculation 35% Matrix computation 3% Linearization 6% PI control 2%

Display 14% Housekeeping 9%

TOTAL 70%


Results IResults I

frames, centroids and actuation

frames, centroids and actuation

Last two rows and actuationLast two rows and actuation

Frame clockFrame clock

centroidscentroids

correctioncorrection


Results IIResults II

Servo OFFServo OFF

Switching voltage pattern added to the first ring of actuators (7)

Switching voltage pattern added to the first ring of actuators (7)

64 errors in X64 errors in X

Servo ONServo ON

39 actuators39 actuators


Joint development proposed Joint development proposed

Astronomy related building blocks

Practical System prototype

Astronomy related building blocks

Practical System prototype


Building blocks developmentBuilding blocks development

Never start from scratch: Lots of commercially available IP Cores plus...

Astronomy related building blocks, to be developed in a joint effort and made available to the community.

Previous work needed in Block identifying,

Common development methodology,

Agreeing interfaces

Synthesis software evaluation

…

Never start from scratch: Lots of commercially available IP Cores plus...

Astronomy related building blocks, to be developed in a joint effort and made available to the community.

Previous work needed in Block identifying,

Common development methodology,

Agreeing interfaces

Synthesis software evaluation

…


Building block examplesBuilding block examples

FFT (2D and multi-D) Centroid computation Image correlation Gaussian fitting Sparse Matrix Floating point arithmetic Camera interface Inter-boards and intra-board communication Detector pre-processing (Flat, slope, cosmetics…) Lossless data compression Intersystem Synchronization ...

FFT (2D and multi-D) Centroid computation Image correlation Gaussian fitting Sparse Matrix Floating point arithmetic Camera interface Inter-boards and intra-board communication Detector pre-processing (Flat, slope, cosmetics…) Lossless data compression Intersystem Synchronization ...


ELT AO PrototypeELT AO Prototype

Massively parallel FPGA-only system capable of implementing all the aspects of the adaptive optics of a giant telescope, including multi-guide star atmospheric tomography

ELT simulation optical bench Hardware Processing engine (subcontract) AO Algorithm reformulation AO Prototype simulation AO Prototype laboratory tests Telescope tests at OGS(1m) + WHT(4,2) + GTC(10m)

Massively parallel FPGA-only system capable of implementing all the aspects of the adaptive optics of a giant telescope, including multi-guide star atmospheric tomography

ELT simulation optical bench Hardware Processing engine (subcontract) AO Algorithm reformulation AO Prototype simulation AO Prototype laboratory tests Telescope tests at OGS(1m) + WHT(4,2) + GTC(10m)


Work breakdown and scheduleWork breakdown and schedule

Tentative work breakdown and schedule: Name Due date Methodology agreements, building blocks identification, interface definitions

T0 + 1y

Building blocks development Adaptation of selected algorithms to FPGA, simulation

T0 + 2y

Design and development of the hardware processing engine T0 + 2y Prototype system implementation T0 + 3y Test facility design and development T0 + 2y Laboratory tests T0 + 3.5y Interface development with existing WHT (4.2m) telescope AO system T0 + 4y Telescope tests at WHT T0 + 5y Interface development with GTC (10m) telescope AO system T0 + 5.5 y Telescope tests at GTC T0 + 6y


Cost ideaCost idea

Coordination: 20.000 €/y Man-power: 200.000

€/y Subcontracts: 50.000 €

TOTAL approx: 1.2 M€

Coordination: 20.000 €/y Man-power: 200.000

€/y Subcontracts: 50.000 €

TOTAL approx: 1.2 M€


Thank youThank you

Documents

Technology Division INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE CANARIAS Luis F. Rodríguez-Ramos Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Canary Islands, SPAIN “Hardware Developments