Technologies for AfricanAgricultural Transformation

(TAAT)CGIAR Council Meeting, Washington DC, February 8-11, 2016

Dakar High-Level Conference on Agricultural Transformation 2015

Growing Challenges Currently, one-third of all calories consumed in Africa are imported at a cost

of US $77 billion per year. Poverty is widespread across the continent with 49% of the population falling

below the $1.25 per day threshold Youth bulge: 400-800 million young people of which 40-60% are unemployed Africa has generally lagged behind other regions of the world in agricultural

total factor productivity (TFP) growth; TFP has hovered around 1%, well below the 2.5% population growth rate. Underdeveloped input and output markets and weak value chains 30% of crop and livestock farmers are non-commercial, another 20-30% are

semi-commercial, while 30-40% are commercial; solutions are needed for all these categories of famers

Import Competition

Source: FAOSTAT

Total African Agricultural Trade Values, billions of constant 2005 $US

Examples of Successful African Agricultural Transformation Programs involving the CGIAR Nigeria focused sharply on input delivery systems led by the private sector, strengthened value chains and more

inclusive financing systems led to an increase of 21 million tons in food production between 2012-2015.

Rwanda cut the share of its population that is hungry from 55% in 2000 to 21% in 2010 by increasing availability of farm inputs.

Ethiopia made significant progress through its agricultural transformation, reaching more than 4.4 million farmers.

Senegal raised rice production from 400, 000 to 1.5 million tons in just one year, and the country will attain rice self-sufficiency by 2017.

Burkina Faso quadrupled its cotton production from 150,000 to 690,000 tons between 1995 and 2007 through agricultural transformation.

Malawi transformed from a maize-dependant to maize-exporting nation after nearly tripling its maize yields through a system of production and marketing support for agrodealer networks, credit and crop insurance schemes and mass media campaigns.

The IITA Business Incubation Platform assist in the full commercialization of proven agricultural technologies in Africa. Its two leading products; AflasafeTM suppress deadly aflotoxins in maize and groundnut croplands, and NoduMax legume inoculants increase nitrogen fixation by soybean, together improving the lives and livelihoods of millions across Africa.

Dual Requirements for Agricultural Growth: Results of a Survey of Pockets of Sustained Agricultural Growth in Africa

Increased productivity: on farm and post-farm

Market incentives+

Source: Haggblade 2016

GOALS OF THE FEED AFRICA INITIATIVE (2025)

Eliminating extreme povertyEnding hunger and malnutritionTurning Africa into a net food exporterMoving Africa to the top of global value chains.

Business-Driven Strategy of the Feeding Africa InitiativeExecute a bold plan to raise agricultural productivity in priority value

chains via a close partnership between FARA, the CGIAR, AGRA, RMCs, and the Private Sector through an aggressive outreach program

Facilitate provision of market incentives of aggregation/collection centres, storage, rural roads, harmonized tolls, processing plants, favourable tax and trade policies, input support to farmers, and other incentives that lower production, processing, and marketing costs

FeedAfrica will focus upon priority agricultural value chains identified through analyses and identification of existing or planned private sector investments

Vision of Success1. Achieving self-sufficiency in African rice production; 2. Intensifying cassava production and agro-processing; 3. Achieving food security in the Sahel, with an emphasis on sorghum, millet,

livestock;4. Transforming Africa's savannas into bread baskets, with an emphasis on

maize, soybean, dairy, poultry, and beef 5. Restoring and expanding plantations of three high value export crops,

cocoa, coffee and cashew; 6. Expanding horticulture, particularly vegetables, dessert bananas and bio-

fortified sweet potatoes; 7. Reducing Africa's massive importation of wheat; 8. Achieving self-sufficiency of inland fish production through aquaculture.

Baseline of Current Yields, Prices and Total Value of Priority Value Chains

Priority value chains Scope Area (million Ha) Yield (MT/Ha) Price US$/MT Value (US$M)Rice production 2 AEZs 3,118,715 0.74 389 902

Cassava intensification 2 AEZs 10,210,167 6.67 255 17,392Sahel food production 3 crops 37,744,300 0.70 373 9,787

livestock 35 million head 0.25 t live wt 2,994 26,729Savanna transformation 2 crops 9,219,906 1.01 370 3,459

dairy 32 million head 373 liters/head 4300 51,937poultry 7638 million birds 0.98 kg/bird 3891 28,999

Plantation (3Cs) 3 crops 4,685,856 0.49 725 1,663Horticulture 3 systems 6,987,862 8.60 487 29,283

Wheat for Africa 4 AEZs 9,759,782 2.43 346 8,204Fish farming all Africa 61,890 24 2,269 3,370

Total 81,788,478 181,725

Setting Targets for Priority Value ChainsCommodity supply demand demand improved target input total

2015 2015 2025 yield area cost investment---------------- x 1000 t --------------- t/ha x 1000 ha $/ha $ x million

rice 17,477 26,047 34,925 4.5 7,761 500 3,881cassava 137,765 137,937 167,873 24.0 6,995 252 1,763sorghum 32,142 32,018 42,370 1.8 23,539 151 3,554millet 21,323 20,877 27,179 1.6 16,987 151 2,565cowpea 5,928 5,669 7,521 1.3 5,785 126 729beef 7,332 7,545 11,138 na na na 2,198maize 58,863 78,529 103,417 3.0 34,472 300 10,342soybean 1,428 2,797 3,531 2.4 1,471 238 350milk (dairy) 41,725 51,598 64,165 na na na 3,335poultry 4,595 5,420 7,725 na na na 5,077cocao 3,272 632 902 0.9 1,002 800 802coffee 981 741 1,035 1.1 941 664 625vegetables 44,500 48,491 68,691 35.0 1,963 1,240 2,434wheat 23,707 24,645 32,419 4.4 7,368 191 1,407

fish 1,485 2,706 3,545 49.0 72 6,156 445

Total 402,524 445,652 576,436 108,356 39,506

1. Achieving self-sufficiency in rice production (SH) –Africa Rice, IFPRI

2. Intensifying cassava production and agro-processing (H, SH, SA)– IITA, IFPRI

3. Achieving food security in the Sahel, with an emphasis on sorghum, millet, livestock (SA, A) –ILRI and ICRISAT, IFPRI

4. Transforming Africa's savannas into bread baskets, with an emphasis on maize, soybean, dairy, poultry, and beef – (SA) ILRI, IITA, CIMMYT, IFPRI

5. Restoring and expanding plantations of three high value export crops, cocoa, coffee and cashew (H, SH)- IITA, IFPRI

6. Expanding horticulture, particularly vegetables, dessert bananas and bio-fortified sweet potatoes (H, SH, TH)- CIP, CABI, AVRDC, IFPRI

7. Reducing Africa's massive importation of wheat –(SA, A, TH)- CIMMYT, IFPRI

8. Achieving self-sufficiency of fish production via aquaculture (All) – World Fish Center, IFPRI

Target Agro-Ecologies and CG Centers

Investment Framework: The Technologies for African Agricultural Transformation (TAAT) Clearing House

Approach A dynamic framework that assists the AfDB and its Regional Member

Countries (RMCs) to develop a series of transformative operations addressing their agricultural and rural development goals. A "Clearinghouse" approach is suggested where participating CG Centres are

coordinated to contribute to a portfolio of agricultural investment opportunities for inclusion into larger operations designed by the Bank. These portfolio modules must be designed in a manner that specifically

address the rural development strategies of individual RMCs but may be applied as wider opportunities across specific agro-ecological zones (AEZs) or commodity, marketing and value addition (processing) settings.

TAAT Clearinghouse The Feed Africa Clearinghouse brings under one roof the Banks five "Is“ for

Agriculture Transformation: Incentives Infrastructure Innovation Institutional Capacity Investment

M&E within the Clearinghouse operates at two basic levels:1) Abilities of CG Centers to deliver on the demands of AfDB and its member states in terms

for technology interventions to be scaled up; 2) Effectiveness of delivery of technologies being offered by CG Centers through the

FeedAfrica Clearinghouse and impact at country level

Program component description Total FeedAfrica Operations in US $ Clearinghouse operations (HQ) IITA HQ 11,522,004 Capacity development FARA HQ 9,334,662 Clearinghouse operations (ESA) ILRI HQ 6,223,108 Policy backstopping IFPRI Networks 3,111,554 Liaison support FeedAfrica members 5,335,200 Facilities improvement Program-wide 20,000,000 FeedAfrica Operations Total 55,526,528 Priority value chains Priority value chains Rice self-sufficiency are sub-divided into 62,814,564 Cassava intensification ATA interventions 47,791,235 Sahelian food security (52%), capacity and 180,616,336 Savanna transformation outreach (20%), 198,541,929 Plantation restoration technical backstopping 11,951,658 Horticulture promotion (15%), strategic research 107,345,564 Wheat for Africa (13%) and M&E support 24,501,421 Fish farming (2%) 25,986,553 Technical assistance Total 659,549,259 FeedAfrica Program Total 700,000,000

Summary Budget of Feed Africa by Operations and Priority Value Chain

THANK YOU!