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Accuracy matters: Calibration Options for Lab Standards Bob Stern Principal Metrologist, Keysight Technologies Matthew Woerner Metrologist, Keysight Technologies

Technologies Calibration Options for Lab Standards … · Matthew Woerner Metrologist, Keysight Technologies. ... Fluke/Hart Scientific 5615-6 Platinum Resistance Thermometer

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Accuracy matters: Calibration Options for Lab Standards

Bob Stern

Principal Metrologist, Keysight

Technologies

Matthew Woerner

Metrologist, Keysight Technologies

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National Labs maintain SI Units

National Institutes of Metrology (NMI) . . .

NIST: National Institute of Science & Technology (USA)

NPL: National Physics Laboratory (UK)

NRC: National Research Council (Canada)

METAS: Swiss Federal Institute of Metrology

PTB: Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (Germany)

CENAM: Mexican National Laboratory

INMETRO: Brazil National Laboratory

. . . are responsible for maintaining the most accurate

implementations of the key quantities needed to support

international commerce.

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Traceability

Traceability: Property of the result of a measurement or the value of

a standard whereby it can be related to the international system of

units (SI units) via national metrology institutes, through an

unbroken chain of comparisons all with stated uncertainties.

Source: International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM)

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Traceability to SI Units1

1. SI = Le Sisteme International d’unites (Int’l System of Units)

The kilogram is the unit of mass; it is equal to the mass of the international prototype of the kilogram

1889 platinum-iridium

prototype kilogram

kept locked in Paris

BIPM safe.

US National standard

platinum-iridium

kilogram.

Metrology laboratory uses

reference masses to

characterize working

mass standards.

Your bathroom scale

Factory producing scales uses

a working standard mass

for scale calibration.

Traceability4

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Mass – primary standard

Photo courtesy of NRC (Ottawa)

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50 lb. reference standard

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Did you know?Gravity is local!

Location Acceleration in

m/s2

Acceleration in

ft/s2

Amsterdam 9.813 32.19

Athens 9.800 32.15

Auckland 9.799 32.15

Bangkok 9.783 32.1

Brussels 9.811 32.19

Buenos Aires 9.797 32.14

Chicago 9.803 32.16

Copenhagen 9.815 32.2

Frankfurt 9.810 32.19

Helsinki 9.819 32.21

Istanbul 9.808 32.18

Jakarta 9.781 32.09

Kuwait 9.793 32.13

Lisbon 9.801 32.16

London 9.812 32.19

Los Angeles 9.796 32.14

Mexico City 9.779 32.08

Montréal 9.789 32.12

New York City 9.802 32.16

Oslo 9.819 32.21

Ottawa 9.806 32.17

Paris 9.809 32.18

Rio de Janeiro 9.788 32.11

Rome 9.803 32.16

San Francisco 9.800 32.15

http://units.wikia.com/wiki/Gravity_of_Earth

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DC/Low Frequency Hierarchy Example

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Loveland, CO Standards Lab

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Keysight 3458A

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Loveland Standards Lab

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Laminar airflow temperature monitors

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Thermal voltage converter test station

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http://primarystandards.com/Home.aspx

El Segundo Center of Excellence

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50 lb. reference standard from NIST

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Dimensional measurements

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Gage blocks need 20º ± 0.5º Celsius

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Gage block comparator

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Torque - Defined

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“Lotsa torque” wrenchesCharles and his torque tester

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Vacuum Measurements at El SegundoCustom vacuum chamber by Glenn Gaza

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Temperature

Thermodynamic temperature in Degrees Kelvin is an SI Unit

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Fixed Temperature Cell Primary StandardsHow do you calibrate PRTs and SPRTs?

COE Temp. Stds. Description

-195.5 ºC Boiling point, liquid Nitrogen

- 38.834 ºC Triple point, Mercury (Hg)

-0.01 ºC Triple point, water (H20)

231.928 ºC Freeze point, Tin (Sn)

419.527 ºC Freeze point, Zinc (Zn)

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Triple point cell (water)

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Tin – SnZinc - Zn

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Reference Thermometer (PRT)Fluke/Hart Scientific 5615-6 Platinum Resistance Thermometer

More good info on PRTs at: http://www.testequipmentdepot.com/fluke-calibration/pdfs/5616.pdf

PRT mfrgs : YSI Inc., Rosemount,

& Hart Scientific (now Fluke)

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SPRT report excerpt

This Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer (SPRT) was calibrated with a DC Bridge at constant currents of 1.000 and 1.414 mA. The procedure followed is based on the technical information contained in NIST Technical Note 1265, “Guidelines for Realizing the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)”. In accordance with the ITS-90, the sub-ranges of 83.8058 to 273.16 and 273.15 K to 692.677, with the following fixed points and their uncertainties (k=2) were used to calibrate the thermometer.

FIXED POINT TEMPERATURE UNCERTAINTY

(point) (type) T90 (K) t90 (C) (mK, estimated)

LN2 Comp 77.6500 -195.5000 ±2.3

Hg TP 234.3156 -38.8344 ±1.4

H2O TP 273.1600 0.0100 ±0.4

Sn FP 505.0780 231.9280 ±2.5

Zn FP 692.6770 419.5270 ±2.8

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Thermocouple test system

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Thermocouple Cal report excerptMany physical cals have associated standard methods

The last sentence answers the question, “Why do we have to send thermocouples

in for calibration?”

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Optical Wavelength Standard

“Standard Reference Material (SRM) precisely absorbs light at 1531 nm

with an expanded uncertainty (coverage factor k=2) of ±0.0006 nm.

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Precision lengths for OTDR characterization

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NIST Time & Frequency Measurement and Analysis System

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Close-up: NIST Time & Frequency

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Frequency Standards calibration capability

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RF & MW stations

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Roseville (Sacramento) Laboratory

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NIST Water Bath

Courtesy of Ron Ginley, Section Head, RF Measurements, NIST, Boulder, CO

NIST Microwave Power Primary Standard

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Power Sensor Calibration Traceability Example

Calibration

Standard or

System

Cal factor

measurement

uncertainty:

TAT

(days)

NIST/NMI primary

standard - X

NIST/NMI CN mount- X

NIST/NMI thermistor cal

(such as 8487B)

0.57% @ 8 GHz

(see curve)

8 – 12 weeks

weeks

Roseville Standards Lab

(8487A-H84)

0.67% @ 8 GHz 15 days

Roseville Keysight cal +

uncertainty (8487A)

0.98% @ 8 GHz 7 days

http://www.nist.gov/calibrations/rf-microwave.cfm#611

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Power Sensor Cal Accuracy Choices (8481A)

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8C

al

Facto

r M

ea

su

rem

en

t u

ncert

ain

ty (

%)

Frequency GHz

8481A Unc/Keysight cal

8481A-H84 Unc/Roseville

8478A Unc/ NPL

Keysight cal+ Unc.

7 days

H84 Stds Lab Cal

15 days

NMI CAL

8-12 weeks

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Traceability

Primary SI standard @ NMI 0

Lab Reference Standard 1

Stds. Lab Cal opt. “H84” 2

Keysight Cal + 3

Uncertainties

Normal use case 4

RF Power Measurement example

1

2

Primary Std.

Calorimeter 0

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Attenuator Calibration

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Roseville Standards Lab Screen room

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Summary comments

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www.keysight.com/find/americas_cal54

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keysight.com/find/StandardsLab

Keysight Standards Lab Capabilities

Attenuation

Color

Fiber Optic Power

Laser Power *

Luminous Intensity

Temperature

Wavelength

Electro-Optics

Antenna Gain

Attenuation

Frequency

Impedance

Impedance, Reflection

Coefficient

Linear Antenna Probe

On-Axis Polarization

Gain, Axial Ratio, Tilt Angle

Main Component Pattern

Amplitude, Phase

Noise Temperature,

Excess Noise Ration (ENR)

Phase Noise

Phase Shift Power

RF, Microwave,

Millimeter Wave

Angle

Flatness

Length

Magnification

Straightness/

Parallelism

Thread Lead

Dimensional

/Optical

Air Velocity

Density

Dew/Frost Point

Force

Gas Flow Rate

Helium Leak

Humidity

Mass

Pressure

Temperature

Torque

Vacuum

AC-DC Difference

AC Current

AC Voltage

Capacitance

DC Ratio

DC Resistance

DC Voltage

Inductance

Phase Angle

Ratio, AC Current

Ratio, AC Voltage

Sinusoidal/Shock

Sensitivity

Physical Electrical

Newly added Keysight capabilities

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Call to action

For any of the disciplines mentioned in

this Webcast . . .

. . . ask us if we can offer a Standards Lab

calibration for your reference Lab standards.

at what uncertainties?

. . . and turnaround time & cost.

www.Youtube.com/keysightcalrepair

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keysight.com/find/StandardsLab

Keysight Standards Lab Capabilities

Attenuation

Color

Fiber Optic Power

Laser Power *

Luminous Intensity

Temperature

Wavelength

Electro-Optics

Antenna Gain

Attenuation

Frequency

Impedance

Impedance, Reflection

Coefficient

Linear Antenna Probe

On-Axis Polarization

Gain, Axial Ratio, Tilt Angle

Main Component Pattern

Amplitude, Phase

Noise Temperature,

Excess Noise Ration (ENR)

Phase Noise

Phase Shift Power

RF, Microwave,

Millimeter Wave

Angle

Flatness

Length

Magnification

Straightness/

Parallelism

Thread Lead

Dimensional

/Optical

Air Velocity

Density

Dew/Frost Point

Force

Gas Flow Rate

Helium Leak

Humidity

Mass

Pressure

Temperature

Torque

Vacuum

AC-DC Difference

AC Current

AC Voltage

Capacitance

DC Ratio

DC Resistance

DC Voltage

Inductance

Phase Angle

Ratio, AC Current

Ratio, AC Voltage

Sinusoidal/Shock

Sensitivity

Physical Electrical

Newly added Keysight capabilities

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© Keysight

Technologies 2016