Technologies and Equipment Technologies and Equipment to Control and Improveto Control and Improve

UNDERGROUND MINE SAFETYUNDERGROUND MINE SAFETY

Lunagas Pty Limited

Beijing, CHINA,Beijing, CHINA, April 2004

Les LunarzewskiLes Lunarzewski - - Managing Managing DirectorDirector

Gassy Underground Coal Mines Gassy Underground Coal Mines REQUIREMENTSREQUIREMENTS

1.1. GAS MANAGEMENT PLANGAS MANAGEMENT PLAN

2.2. AUTOMATIC GAS MONITORINGAUTOMATIC GAS MONITORING

SYSTEMSYSTEM (UNDERGROUND – SURFACE)

3.3. EFFICIENT GAS DRAINAGEEFFICIENT GAS DRAINAGE

Local mine detailed instructions for coal mine Local mine detailed instructions for coal mine management, technical staff & minersmanagement, technical staff & miners

Necessary techniques and equipmentNecessary techniques and equipment

Thresholds, limitations, measurements and Thresholds, limitations, measurements and monitoringmonitoring

Gas Hazard & Outburst Gas Hazard & Outburst MMANAGEMENTANAGEMENT PLAN PLAN

Successful implementation of the Management Plan Successful implementation of the Management Plan requires three consecutive steps:requires three consecutive steps:

Prediction - Prevention - ProtectionPrediction - Prevention - Protection

Automatic Automatic Gas Monitoring Gas Monitoring

Underground - SurfaceUnderground - Surface

Gas Monitoring System for Measurements CH4, CO2, CO & O2

Goaf

Goaf

CH4 5 % - 15%

Surface Station

Sensors

Gas drainage is a system which recovers gas from Gas drainage is a system which recovers gas from

coal seams & piping it independently to the gas coal seams & piping it independently to the gas

drainage plant on the surface.drainage plant on the surface.

This is carried out for safety purposes to avoid This is carried out for safety purposes to avoid

fatalities or injury & to reduce the loss & delay of coal fatalities or injury & to reduce the loss & delay of coal

production as well as utilise coal mine methaneproduction as well as utilise coal mine methane

Gas drainageGas drainage

FLOORGAS - ROOFGASFLOORGAS - ROOFGASGeo-mechanical & Geo-mechanical &

Gas Release Gas Release SOFTWARESOFTWARE

Longwall

Cross-measure holesCross-measure holes Fan-shaped holes Fan-shaped holes drilled from UNDERGROUNDdrilled from UNDERGROUND

Maingate headings

start line

Longwall Goaf

LongwallExtractionDirection

Tailgate headings

Roof & Floor Strata Relaxation ZonesRoof & Floor Strata Relaxation Zones

Geomechanical Geomechanical & Gas Release& Gas Release

ModelModel

Roofgas 3.1Roofgas 3.1 &

Floorgas 2.0Floorgas 2.0

Computer Computer ProgramsPrograms

Data input Strata relaxation generation

Application for ventilation & gas drainage systems

design

Longitudinal cross-section

Floorgas & Roofgas SoftwareSimulation Sequence

Vertical and

horizontal scales10 m

Gas well

Hole Blue

Hole Green

Hole Orange

Hole Black

Hole Blue

Hole Green

Hole Orange

Hole Black

MG

Roofgas 3.1 simulation output using Rock Strata Curvature Enforcement Model

Vertical and horizontal cross sections for 150m distance behind the face

Roofgas output & designed up-holes

44

33

22

11

11

22

33

44

11

22

33

44

11

22

33

44

Floorgas output & designed

down-holes

Year Software Simulation Type

Floorgas Roofgas Total: Strata Gassiness Drainage Hole Designs

Relaxation Prediction D/H U/H I/H Surface

1992 - 1 1 1 - - 1 - -

1993 6 3 9 9 6 6 - - -

1994 4 6 10 10 8 6 - - -

1995 5 4 9 9 4 7 1 - -

1996 8 1 9 9 5 2 - 1 -

1997 4 4 8 8 6 7 1 - 1

1998 4 6 10 10 8 6 1 - 1

1999 5 6 11 11 7 1 1 - -

2000 5 5 10 10 8 - 1 1 1

2001 11 4 15 15 12 1 8 - 1

2002 15 17 32 32 28 2 12 2 2

2003 - 2004 16 20 36 36 32 4 18 1 4

Total: 83 77 160 160 124 42 44 5 10

Details:

Simulation by Lunagas [Australia]: Tower (35), Cordeaux (12) , Appin (10), Dartbrook (8), Gretley (4), North Goonyella (2)

Newstan (8), Teralba (18), West Wallsend (6), Oakdale (4), South Bulga (28), Beltana (6), Power Coal (10), United (4) & Others (5)

[Overseas]: Kushiro & Akabira - Japan, Krupinski, Zofiowka, Borynia - Poland, Raven Ridge Resources & EPA - USA, DPB - Czech Republic

Software sales: 1.Kushiro Mine 2.Hokkaido Univ (Japan) 3.DPB & 4.OKD (Czech Rep) 5.BHP 6.Brisbane, 7.NSW & 8.Ballarat Universities,

(Australia) 9.Jastrzebski Coal Concern 10.Borynia 11.Zofiowka 12.Pniowek 13.Jastrzebie-Moszczenica & 14.Krupinski (Poland)

Floorgas and Roofgas Application 1992 - 2004

Software leasing: 1.Raven Ridge Resources & 2.Univ of Kentucky (USA) 3.Central Mining Institute (GIG) - Poland 4. Istanbul University - Turkey

Gas Emission Gas Emission PredictionPrediction

Gas Emission During & Post Extraction

Equipment for Equipment for coal mine gas coal mine gas

recovery recovery & & utilisationutilisation

U/G hole, manifold, water separator, measuring set & methane pipe joints

First stage separator

Water – gas separation under vacuum conditionsWater – gas separation under vacuum conditions

Self operating float assembly controlling water separation from gas drainage pipe line or underground holes under suction conditions

The device required no external power and utilise a permanent magnet and the force of gravity only

Automatic water - gas separator

GasGas

Air

WaterWater

Underground Mobile Methane Drainage Plant

..

Type PUPG - 1

Surface Gas Drainage Plant

Gas Management for Safety PurposesGas Management for Safety Purposes

Underground coal mine gas managementUnderground coal mine gas management

Strata relaxation & gas emission predictionStrata relaxation & gas emission prediction Gas drainage technology design & optimisationGas drainage technology design & optimisation

Research, Technology & EquipmentResearch, Technology & Equipment Gas research, know-how & softwareGas research, know-how & software

U/G - surface equipment & gas drainage PLANTSU/G - surface equipment & gas drainage PLANTS

Lunagas specialises in:

Reasons for using Roofgas-Reasons for using Roofgas-Floorgas software in CHINAFloorgas software in CHINA

High depth of miningHigh depth of mining

Huge number of gassy underground coal minesHuge number of gassy underground coal mines

Low permeability of coal seamsLow permeability of coal seams

Complex and vast variations in local geologyComplex and vast variations in local geology

Gas release increases as a consequence of mining Gas release increases as a consequence of mining activities (longwall extraction)activities (longwall extraction)

Software input data are available from coal mine and Software input data are available from coal mine and geologists documentationsgeologists documentations

Simple and obvious outputs of the software, which Simple and obvious outputs of the software, which shows roof and floor visible zones where from the shows roof and floor visible zones where from the maximum quantity of gas could be captured by gas maximum quantity of gas could be captured by gas drainage systemdrainage system

Utilisation of personal computer (PC) for running Utilisation of personal computer (PC) for running software and design gas drainage system software and design gas drainage system

Output interpretation and graphical design could be Output interpretation and graphical design could be done by mine people, directly on PC screen and done by mine people, directly on PC screen and printed as vertical and horizontal cross sections, printed as vertical and horizontal cross sections, including drainage hole parametersincluding drainage hole parameters

The software algorithm utilises the unique research The software algorithm utilises the unique research and empirical and empirical resultsresults from underground coal mines from underground coal mines in Australia, Poland, Czech Republic, Japan and in Australia, Poland, Czech Republic, Japan and the the USA USA

Gas drainage efficiency:Gas drainage efficiency:

LongwallLongwall 30 – 80 30 – 80 %%

Total mine Total mine 25 – 60 25 – 60 %%

Longwall Ventilation:Longwall Ventilation: 80 - 120 80 - 120 mm33air/secair/sec(50% capture & 2% in return)(50% capture & 2% in return)

Gas drainage cost Gas drainage cost (US$)(US$):: 0.5 - 1.0 0.5 - 1.0 $/$/tonnetonne

Longwall Achievements in Australian Gassy Coal Mines

Longwall Achievements in Australian Gassy Coal Mines

LW LW Coal production:Coal production: up toup to 30,000 30,000 t/dayt/day

In situ In situ gas contentgas content:: up toup to 16 16 mm33 gas/t gas/t

Longwall Longwall gassinessgassiness:: up toup to 5,000 5,000 litreslitres gas/secgas/sec

Total mine Total mine gassinessgassiness:: up toup to 8,000 8,000 litreslitres gas/secgas/sec

Gas flow Gas flow per holeper hole:: 10 - 200 10 - 200 litreslitres CHCH44/sec/sec

Thank you for your kind attentionThank you for your kind attention