Technique Magazine - March 1994

AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF USA GYMNASTICS

. CDONALD'S® AMERICAN CUP

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MARCH 4·5,1994 • ORLANDO

Inside

March 1994 Vol. 14, #3

The Gym Coach And TOPs Videos Reviewed

Adventures in Cyberspace-Welcome to USA Gymnastics Online!

Nourish Check Athlete™Nutrients Intake And Body Composition Analysis Software

The Role Of Difficulty In The Development Of The Young Gymnast

1994 Congress

1994 Gymnaestrada

Spectator Liability

Essence Of Remarks By The FIG/WTC President

Educational Materials

rllOA GYMNASTICS

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I Ilem# !

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A Healthy 10! A Reference Guide for Gymnasts and other Athletes Jack E. Jensen, MD, Leslie Spenser, LAT anrl Linda Anglea Day 1992· Paper ·187 pp Item #3637-$16.95

The one book for every gymnast, parent, coach and trainer. Here's your complete reference guide to:

• Body basics: basic structure and function of bones, joints and muscles, including first aid and common diagnostic techniques.

• Body types: how the " gears and levers" of the body work and what kind of body it takes to succeed in gymnastics.

• Nutrition: the role of diet in gymnastics, plus solid guidelines for diet and weight control.

• Training: how to get more by doing less-plus guidelines for strength training and balanced conditioning.

• The parts of the body from neck to toes: common injuries and how to prevent them.

• A healthy winning outlook!

Tille !auamty! Price Tolol

SUBTOTAL

SHIPPING & HANDLING: OiOfRSSI5A110UNOfiADDS3, SI 5.0I·15D ADD 14, 150.01·1100 ADO 15 om 1100.01 ADD 58

INDIANA RESIDENTS ADD SOlo SALES TAX

T394 TOTAL AMOUNT PAYABLE

~ _"'''' <urub!rJilY' etntfOllS JtnotU~at

.... '" '" '" '" The Women's Gymnastics

1l[ Journal >rO'IDl 'S Tammy Biggs and Jerry Dykstra CYIINIoOllm JOliRNAL 1993 • Paper • -- Item #3638-$14.95 ±

Thejournal assists in gymnast's _ .. _ .... self-improvement process and

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'" '" serves as a communication re-if';;" ~

Tbr UD;~.,.stl1 for Hll h Adolo.-. ..

" source for coaches and athletes.

The journal includes:

• Eight Skills of High Achievement in Gymnastics: Become a high achiever in gymnastics.

• A Self-Image Drill: Build your self-image and attitude.

• A Daily Training Plan: Plan your daily skills. Record comments and a count of elements done during training sessions.

• Skills Concentration Work Sheet: Break skills into three major parts and gain control over your performance.

• Meet Evaluation Sheet: Focus on successes and concentrate on an inner competition.

• A Meet Summary: Record comments and results of meets.

• 52 Weeks of Self-Improvement: Record goals, problems and solutions, accomplishments and lessons. Observe progress over time by keeping a written record.

To order any of these books, or other educalional materials and videos presented in this issue, please complete this order form.

USA Gymnastics Order Form Name ________________________ ___

Address ________________________ _

City _______________________ _

State ___ _ Zip _______ _ Phane

USA Gymnastics Membership # __________________ _

S.S. # _____________________ _

Charge: o MasterCard o VISA Exp. Date: _________ ___

Card # ______________________ _

Signature: _______________________ _

Send orders and make checks payable to:

USA Gymnastics, Merchandise Dept., PO Box 5562, Indianapolis, IN 46255·5562 • 317·237·5060

Editor Produdion Grophic Design Men's Program Diredor Women's Program Director Rhythmic Program Diredor

USA Gymnastics Board of Directors

Stephen W. Whitlock luan Peslek Julie T. Jones Ron Galimore

Kathy Kelly

Nora Campbell

(hoir: Sondy Knopp; Presidenl: TBD; Presidenl Emerilus: Mike Donohue; Amoleur Alhlelic Union: Sian Alkinson; American Sokol Organization: lerry Milon; American Trampoline & Tumbling Association: Wayne Downing; American Turners: Belly Heppner; Jewish (ommunily (enlers: Courlney Shanken; Junior Boys Gymnastics Coaches Association: Marc Yomey; Nolionot Associolion of (ollegiole Gymnoslics (ooches for Men: Abie Grossfeld; Nolionot Associolion of (ollegiole Gymnoslics (ooches for Women: Gail Davis; Nalionot Associolion for Girls and Women in Sporl: Dr. Mimi Mu"oy; Nolionol Associolion of Women's Gymnoslics Judges: Yvonne Hodge; Nolionol (ollegiole Alhlelic Associolion: Jane BeHs, Lou Burkel; Nolionol Federalion of Siole High School Associolions: Susan True; Nolionol Gymnoslics Judges Associolion: Harry Bjerke; Nolionol High School Gymnoslics (ooches Associolion: John Brinkworlh; Special Olympics, Inc.: Kale Fober-Hirkie; U.S. Rhylhmic Gymnoslics Coaches Association: Suzie DITullio; U.S. Association of Independenl Gym Clubs: Lo"e Crowley; U.S. Elile (oaches Association for Men's Gymnastics: Peter Korman"; U.S. Elile (aach .. Associalion for Women's Gymnosllcs: Tony Gehman, Roe Kreul,er; U.S. Sporls Acrobalics Federolian: Bonnie Davidson; Young Men's Christian Association of the USA: Rick Dodson; USA Gymnosllcs Nolianol Membership J>iredors: Men's: Jim Holl, Roy Gura; Women's: Jim Archer, Julio Thompson-Arel,; Rhylhmic: Alia Svirsky, Ule All-Carberry Alhlele Directors: Wendy Hilliard, choir; TBD, vice choir; Mich· elle Dusse"e, sec; Tanya lervice Choplin, Sheryl Dundas, Karyn Lyon Glaver, Peler Vidmar, Con rod Voorsonger, Chris Woller; USO( Alhlele's Advisory (ouncil: Kevin Davis.

USA Gymnastics Executive CommlHee (hoir: Sandy Knopp; Secrelory: Mike Milidon is; Vice (hair Women: Honey Marshall; Vice (hoir Men: fim Doggell; Vice (hair Rhylhmic: NormoZobko; FIG Women's Technical (ommillee: Jackie fie; FIG Rhylhmic Technical (ommillee: An· dreo Schmid·Shopiro; FIG Men's Technicol (ommillee: Bill Roel,heim; AI Lorge Members: Jim Horlung, Joan Moore; Alhlele Directors: Michelle Dusse"e, Wendy Hilliard, Peler Vidmar; President Emeritus: Mike Donahue.

Associate Content Editors Sports Science Advisory Committee William lands, Ph.D., Choir, Sporls Advisory (ommillee: Polly Hacker, Ph.D., Choir, Educolion Sub-commitlee: Slephen W. Whillock, Uoison

Unless expressly idenlilied 10 Ihe conlrory, all articles, slolemenls and ,iews prinled herein are oNribuled solely 10 Ih. oUlhor and Ihe Uniled States Gymnastics Federation expresses no opinion ond assumes no responsibilily Ihereo!.

CHANGE OF ADDRESS AND SUllSCRIPTION INQUIRIES: In order to ensure uninterrupted delivery of TECHNIQUE magazine, notice of change of address should be made six to eight weeks in advance. For fastest service, please enclose your present mailing label. Direct all subscription mail to TECHNIQUE Subscriptions, Pan American Plaza, 201 S. Capitol Ave., Suite 300, Indianapolis, IN 46225. TECHNIQUE is published 10 times per yearby USA Gymnastics, Pan American Plaza, 201 S. Capitol A ve., Suite 300, Indianapolis, [N 46225 (phone: 317-237-5050). Third class postage paid at Indianapolis, ~N. Subscription price: $25.00 per year in United 3tates; a ll other countries $48.00 per year. If available, back issue single copies $4.00 plus $1.00 postage/ handling. All reasonable care will be taken, but no responsibili ty can be assumed for unsoJjci ted material; enclose return postage. Copyright 1994 by USA GymnastiCS and TECHNIQUE. All rights reserved. Printed in USA.

Contents Video Review The Gym Coach: Series 1-Pre-novice and Novice 1994 TOPs Notional Training Camp Videos

Telecommunications Welcome To USA Gymnastics

Software Review Nourish Check Alhlele'M

General The Role Of Difficulty In The Developmenl Of The Young Gymnasl

Coaches Education ACEP Leader Level SpOrl Science Course

1994 Congress Generallnformalion Schedule Pre-regislration Form 1994 Coca-Colo U.s. Championships Tickellnformalion

General Gymnastics Gymnaeslrada

Safety Speclalor liability

Announcements

FIG Reports F1G/MTC Technical Comm. MIg"! January 25, 1994 Essence Of Remarks By The F1G;wrc Presidenlc Alicanle, Spain, November, 1993 Technical Comm"! Rhythmic Gymnaslics Technical Assembly, Alicanle, Spain, November 1-2, 1993

Minutes Men's Program Comm"! Colorado Springs, CO, February 3, 1994 Rhythmic Technical Comm., Colorado Springs, CO, February 12-13, 1994 Rhythmic Program Comm., Colorado Springs, CO, February 13-1 { 1994 Women's Technical Comm., Colorado Springs, CO, January 15-16, 1994 Women's Elile Ad Hoc Comm"! Colorado Springs, CO, January 16, 1994

Women's J,O, Program 1992-96 J. ~. Compulsory Errala USGF J. ~. Vaull Table

Selection Procedures 1995 Pan American Team 1994 Team World Championships

Dick Evans, an on-line assistant, answers questions and gives step-by-step instructions on how to enter the electronic world.

William Sands, Ph.D., discusses current problems with the direction of gymnostics and the increased emphasis on difficulty.

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The 1994 Congress will be conducted at the Opryland Hotel in Nashville, Tennessee, August 25-28 in conjunction with the Men's and Women's Coca-Cola National Championships.

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USA GYMNASTICS

EDUCATIONAL VIDEOTAPES

PLEASE NOTE: The videos listed in this magazine are provided for educational and historic purposes. While every effort is made to produce videos of the highest quality, it should be noted that some of the videos are produced at events utilizing handheld cameras from vantage points in the stands by non-professional volunteer technicians. Only limited editing and production enhancements are utilized in order to provide a timely product at a reasonable cost to the USA Gymnastics membership.

7'0 order allY of these videotapes, use the USA Gymnastics order form Oil page .2.

GYMNAESTRADA 1993 USA GYMNAESTRADA GROUP PERFORMANCES Indianapolis, Indiana, October B-1 O.

#2771 S16.95

HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE 1993 GYMNAESTRADAS Herning and Amsterdam. (0:30) (1993)

#2600 S5.00

"."" .. 1994 HHYTHMI( (II, ,,'D.OS (010. Spgs (0 (4LLENGE S. Ward-3S OS' SENIORS: T.ievins T.Tnarp-34· , V.VOnderPlu m- on-37.22S, (Hunt-

#2301S

S, i.IlIY-34.30 ~ie34·3s0. JUNIORS·N.i 36.37S, 1.Davis-·6 ~OO S ' . e- 42S K. '. acuest 3S "" .~, (S: 19'n 19.95 ' , .Kemper-3380 ~~ .So, i.Fredricks • levers-3S0S

/4 TOPs THAINING . . ote: 2 tapes) on-3SIS, ,

{;;;: ~fportunities Pronrom (ro(AMP AalVIT/ES "arm-up, " ~' II Ps) N, •

#2160 ' owson, etc. (Two l atlonal Training (0 • S24.95 Opes) mp.8lrmingnam Ai,

1994 TOPs (OA(II, , January 26-29,

Talent 0PPOrtu " '£S CLINI( 1994. (Two t nifles Program (TOp

#2161 Opes) s) National Trainin . S24.95 '9 (amp. Btrmingnam

JUDGES'THAINIM ' Ai, January 26-29,

All exercises sn '6 VIDEO_WOMEN' #2192 Own in liSve action and slow' J [EVE[ 8 OPT/IlAI A[

1 19.95 motIon/freeze" 1Vtr/i

994 WINTEH (Up (f rome for practice iudging.

(010. Spgs. All eXe, . dALLENGE S.Ju9Uilon(#63)_94 (fses. JUNIORS· SSt. SENIORS: 1.Roetnli .4S, D.Krusse(#6S _ oton(#76)-9B.60

ffmpnreY(48)_1 0:~~ger(#43)-III. ~ 1~ ~ M.DutIrO(#6~j_!1son(#71)-9S70 n~u:;~:::t4S) I 06. is, J.:~~1;~%~Jg~r;t;~!~%(::~! /~.~;:;:~;~~:0)-93. ' s.

#2290 S35 ' S.Mc(ain(#39J-TOS.~':.s0, B.Ratn(#4~~1f

1991 AMSTERDAM GALA

Jj-u'£Gv .00 • (Note: 2 tllrpe' 6.4S, IlJ I'M (OA(H StnSiP_1T

PreparedbYM SEHIES l essential sn • Warren and II K.

Amsterdam Gymnaestrada. (1991) #2705 S16.95

FX. (Professi,:s and skills for in:arn~ of Great Britain#2190 nallyedited; 1:30; ~~te:nd pre-novice le~~s coacnes and gYm

Amsterdam Gymnaestrada apening ceremonies and other outdoor performances. (1991) #2702 S16.95

Amsterdam Gymnaestrada USSR Gala perfarmance. (1991) #2704 S16.95

Amsterdam Gymnaestrada. Variaus performances. (1991) #2703 S16.95

GENERAL INTEREST ---~-

HOW TO TAPE AN INJURED GYMNAST This tape was prepared by Larry Nassar, ATC. (Part I = 1:55, Part 1/ = 1:23

#2102 S19.95

PDP LEVEL IINSTRUaOR'S STARTER KIT For Levell Clinic Administrators. Includes video and 15 Clinic Workbooks.

#3609 S60.00

SAFETY VIDEO Gymnastics I st, 2nd, and always.

#2601 S39.95

BACK EXERCISES FOR THE GYMNAST A video designed to lessen the problem of back pain in the gymnast. With use of a skeleton and gymnasts, L.Nassar, ATC, demonstrates how body positioning, flexibility, pelvic stabilization & muscular exercises are beneficial. (1:20)(1992)

#241 0 S10.95

THE JUMP ROPE PRIMER The Jump Rope Primer, makes it easy to teach rope jumping to students. Challenging and fun skills progress from basic to advanced. (Includes instruction book)

#3625 S49.95

COACHING AMERICA'S GYMNASTICS COACHES Martens, Coughlin, Sands, Metzger, Reighard and Jacki. Chicago, til. (1991)

#2292 S12.95

THE WINNING DIFFERENCE This video documents the preparation and training of the U.S. Men's and Women's 'BB Olympic Teams. An excellent and informative tape. Panasanic.

#2700 S12.95

WHEN YOU PUT YOUR HEART INTO IT Kenny Rogers. Plus, 19B4 U.S. Olympians and 19B8 U.S. Team: Then and Now. (19BB)

#2904 S10.00

S29.95 e ,"ster Partnersnip?' V, U8, B8, nasts develop

WINTER CUP CHALLENGE

1993 Junior Elite: Compulsory and Optional. Wilson-102.25, Datilio-IOO.B5, Killen-IOO.50, Ellis-9B.50, Klaus-97.90, Pansy-96.90, Thornton-96.25, Woad-95.55, Stibel-94.15, Masucci-93.15 and others. Colo. Spgs. (SLP format, 5:43)

#2251 S16.95

Senior Compulsory and Optional. Keswick-55.60, Roethlisberger-54.95, Waller-54.BO, Ringnald-53.65, Umphrey-53.55, Curtis-53.30, Asana-53.25, Masucci-53.25, Lynch-52.90, Harrison-52.BO, Durbin-52.45, Meadows-52. 15 and others. Colo. Spgs. (SLP format!

#2250 S16.95

1992 Olympic Optional Session. Colo. Spgs. (2 tapes)

#2277 S24.95

'96 Compulsory Session. Colo.Spgs. (1 :45) #2274 S12.95

Optionals by the "96 Group". Colo. Spgs. (1:45) #2275 S16.95

RHYTHMIC CHALLENGE

1993 Senior Elite: Bushnell-35.75, Hunt-35.35, Davis-35.35, Ward-34.90, Levinson-34.70, rucay-34.70, Vanderpluym-33.40, H. Lovell-32.BO, Alberti-32.50, Bachar-31.BO, James-31.1 0, Davidovich-30.90, Junior Elite: Fredrickson-33.50, Lim-33.00, Tharp-31.60, Sievers-29.50

#2329 S16.95

1992 USGF Rhythmic Challenge. Colo. Spgs.

#2330 S16.95

TOPs 1993 NATIONAL TRAINING CAMP AGIVITIES Birmingham, AL, May, 1993. Warm-up (Towson), Vault (Artemov), Tumbling (Elliott), UB Lioukin/ Akopyan), BB (Grossfeld), FX (Pozsar), Dance (Towson) and Banquet. (A -SLP 4:56)

#2150 $24.95

1993 NATIONAL TRAINING CAMP LEaURES Birmingham, AL, May, 1993. TumbleTrax (Davis), Training (Dr.5ands), Nutrition (Dr. Benardot), Coaching (Grossfeld), Taping (Dr. Nassar), and Sport Psychology (Dr. Duda). (ASLP, 3:42)

#2151 S24.95

March 1994 TECHNIQUE

THE GYM COACH Series 1-Pre-novice and Novice

The Gym Coach, Series 1 video was produced in Great Britain to help coaches and gymnasts develop essential shapes and skills for the pre-novice and novice levels. British author, illustrator, coach and international judge, Meg Warren, needs no introduction to U.S. coaches as she has contributed numerous articles to Technique magazine. In this video, Meg works with the talented Midlands Gymnastics coach from Great Britain, Richard Kearns, to provide coaches and gymnasts with a straightforward, no nonsense, approach to getting the most out of gymnastics. Charles Minster directed this video in an easy-tofollow manner with index numbers in the top left corner of the screen.

Index of skills Pre-novice:

Warm-up & stretching, Posture and strengthening

Handstand, Cartwheel, Forward roll, Backward roll, Handstand forward roll

A beam complex, Roundoff dismount, Handstand on beam, Cartwheel on beam, Upward circle and front support

Bars-The cost, Back hip circle from the cast, Under

shoot action, Anxiety skills on the high bar, Shapes and swings

Running activities, Springboard activities, Springing from the hands for vault, 2nd flight

Novice: Warm·up using trampolette, Stretching legs,

Splits, Stretching, Conditioning, Enduronce activities

The floor-Walkovers, Bock saltos and snap-down,

Round-off and round-off, Flicflac, Handspring, leap progressions, ThesissoneGym series, Mixed series linking gym and acrobatics

Video Reviews

<1h£ q~ eoo.ch LEVEL 4

You may order these videos through USA Gymnastics Merchandise Department. Use the Order Form on page 2 of this magazine.

THE GYM COACH, SERIES I-PRE-NOVICE AND NOVICE NTSCjSP 1:30, ©I993 The Minsler Partnership.

(previously Pre-Novice & Novice Video) #2190 529.95

Presented By-

•

USA Gymnastics is the designated North American distributor for this video. This tape is professionally produced and edited and, therefore, the production quality is quite good.

1994 TOPS TRAINING CAMP AaJVITIES Napes, NTSCjSP, 10101 lime is 4:00.

#2160 524.95

This tape is "What you see is what you get" (WYSIWYG) and, therefore, at a lower production level.

1994 TOPS COACHES' CLINIC Napes, NTSCjSP,Iolol lime is 4:00.

#2161 524.95

II Videa Ja;z. eoackJ. [; q~ This tape is "What you see is what you get" (WYSIWYG) and, therefore, at a lower production level.

This video includes skills leading up to Level 4

A beam complex, Backward walkover for beam

Beam-Round-off dismount, Squat on mount,

Straddle mount, Straddle lever mount Bars-Kip progressions, Straddle undershoot, Squat

on Cost for long swing, 3/4 giant and counter swings

Handspring vault and progressions

1994 TOPs NATIONAL TRAINING CAMP VIDEOS 1994 TOPs Training Camp Activities

The TOPs Training Camp Activities videos document actual instruction sessions conducted

by the Women's National Coaching Staff with the TOPs participants in this 2-tape package. Among other outstanding coaches assisting, the Master Staff for the TOPs Camp included A. Akopian, V. Artemov, T. Biggs, S. Crouse, S. Elliott, M. Grossfeld, B. Okino, G. Pozsar, T. Towson, and K. Zmeskal.

Videographer S. Whitlock followed various groups during the training in order to provide a sample of the kind of work that was being accomplished during the camp. You have an opportunity to observe numerous skills and progressions as they are being taught, hear the comments and suggestions of the coaches, and see the gymnasts demonstrate and react. Many valuable teaching tips and spotting methods are provided to the coach who takes the time to carefully study these videos.

Please note: There was a LOT going on during this camp! Obviously, one camera couldn't document the entire camp. Also, sound quality varies from "poor to pretty good" since it was impossible to individually "mike" the clinicians under these circumstances. USA Gymnastics


believes that the value to the serious coach willing to carefully study the tapes is still quite high despite the technical problems.

1994 TOPs Coaches Clinic

On the final day of the TOPs Camp, a FANTASTIC session was conducted for the attending coaches where the Master Clinicians (see above) reviewed their primary teaching goals, objectives for the sessions which they had conducted with the athletes, and their philosophy of building sound basics. During this clinic, the attending coaches had an opportunity to ask questions.

As well as providing an insightful summary of the Clinicians' training goals, philosophy, and techniques, the clinic provided the opportunity for them to reveal additional teaching tips.

Please note: Because of less distractions and the format of the clinic, the sound quality of these tapes is generally better than the 1994 TOPs Training Camp Activities tapes.

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Telecommunications

WELCOMETO USA GYMNASTICS' ONLINE!

Dick Evans

Copyright 1994

Join us Tuesday night , February 8 , 1994 at 9 : 00 pm EST for our first "get-acquainted gathering" in the CONFe r ence Cent er ! Just type " CONF " to get there , then type JOIN USGF to enter t he " room" and meet all your friends from t he gymnast i cs community . The session will be hosted by USA Gymnastics ' St eve Wh i t l ock and Jan Cla i re . See you t here ! Enjoy !

Have you seen anything similar to the text that is shown above? If you have I'll tell you more about how you can enjoy your time doing things in the area that uses this text for its introduction. If you haven't then you're in for a real adventure. BTW (By the way-in a shorthand sort of way) I'm Dick Evans (username ELLISCO) and I'm an on-line assistant for the folks that visit my corner of the electronic world (or cyberspace).

For however long it takes I'm going to be providing articles and answers to questions so that all of you can get the most out of your time on-line. Along the way I'll try to translate the jargon into some sort of understandable American. Sorry, I can't do the translations ·nto English-I don't speak the language.

Back to business. The opening screen will usually have a timely message. The one above isn't too timely since the date mentioned is long past. Blame that on me. I wasn't able to capture, or create a banner which was both timely and correct. The lag between my writing and the publishing on these little tutorials precludes that. At least for the present.

Without any additional action by you, the display on your monitor will continue to the next display which is shown below.

USAG MAIN Menu : Business Office Communications Center Conference DELPHI USAG MAIN>Enter Your Choice :

Libraries Message Center (Forum) News and Information Exit

Think of this main menu as the lobby of a business complex. From this point you can go in a number of different directions. Each of them interesting and everyone of them useful. But which way and why? Please keep reading.

DELPHI, the commercial provider of this area, operates a text based bulletin board service. We can discuss the merits / demerits of ext based versus GUI (gooie) or Graphic(al) User Interface at a later

c

point in time. For now just accept that we will be text based. This means you will be seeing menus at each decision point along your way as you travel through here. Before you begin to travel remember that CTRL-C (the control or CTRL key + letter C key pressed at the same time) will back you out of almost everything. The other method is to type EXi t. I want you to know these two commands before you worry about anything else. There are lots of places to explore here and if you use the DELPHI option to get into the larger system you might not make it back before breakfast time.

Let's look at the various options in order .

BUSINESS OFFICE Menu : Access Information Feedback to USA Gymnastics Rates & Billing Policy Settings (Profile) Usage History Exit to Main Menu OFFICE>Enter Your Choice :

The Bus iness Offi ce is where you transact your business with USA Gymnastics (USGF). As you can read above there are various possibilities here.

In ACces s information you can learn more about how to reach this area from different parts of the country. Using the packet switching networks, Tymnet or Sprintnet, you have local phone call access from over 600 different cities and a large number of foreign countries. If foreign country access is a real possibility for you be sure to plan ahead. Many of the countries require special arrange· ments before you and your computer will be allowed to attempt to communicate with the rest of the world.

FEedback to USA gymnastics is just that. There is a special piece of software active here which allows you to type in your comments / complaints/suggestions/whatever and turn them into an electronic mail (Email) message to one of the managers of this area. Answers to Email messages are usually other Email messages. This will vary with the content of the message.

RAtes & bil l ing policy. Now we getinto the "real" world part of cyberspace. This is where you find out what it's going to cost you to visit cyberspace. This system, and the larger DELPHI system, are time based. That means that your bill will be a reflection of the amount of time you stay on-line here. This is a simplification since

Note: You will be seeing some unusual

capitalization of letters. These are not errors on

my part, I ~ope, nor are they on the editor's part,

unless they are removed. Every command is a

word and the system has been programmed to

recognize each of these word commands using the

least possible letters. As I introduce the various

common commands I'm going to use the whole

word but capitalize only that portion of the word

that you must enter to get the desired result.


Telecommunications

there are a number of other parameters to exactly how bills are determined. I'm not going to get into that area at all. I can keep my bill straight most of the time and tha t' s enough com plica tion for my life at this point.

USIA extra cost attached to using this feature. Another condition of using this feature is that you must have signed and returned the membership agreement to DELPHI. This should have been mailed to you via the U.S. Postal Service (aka SnailMail). If you have not returned the signed agreement, please do so before using this feature. If you haven't received a copy of the agreement to read and sign then send an Ema i l message to SERVI CE requesting that they mail you one. Plan ahead! It takes a day or more for SERVI CE to wade through their mail and a few days after that for the SnailMaii to get the form to you. Add to that the time it takes to get back and you could

Se t ti ngs . Not every user is identical nor are all computers totally compatible. This selection provides you with the means to make some adjustments. You also have options which will allow you to change your password. You should do this from time to time. Your password is your unique key to getting in here. From the rates selection you know tha t the time you spend on-line will cost you money. If you give your key to another person you are

GYMNASTICS ONLINE!

* Your computer access to the world of gljmnastics.

a DELPHI Custom Network

giving them your wallet. With access to your account they can spend your money just like they, and you, had it. When the bill comes due, it will come due to you. Protect yourself and your friends. Don't let anybody have access to your account here.

On the more practical side, be sure that you have selected VT1 00, or higher, terminal emulation. This goes for your software as well as the system software. The hardware behind all of this fun is a V AX. This is a type of computer manufactured by Digital Equipment Company (also known as DEC). The operating system is VMS. Very little of this will mean anything and almost none of it will be useful after you finish reading this. The VT100 terminal is a DEC terminal which is why the emulation from your end is necessary. Your communications software on your computer is going to try and convince the operating system here that it is really just a terminal that the system should know and understand. Once you get past this point most everything else works smoothly. Set your width to 80 characters, if you have a normal display. Making adjustments as necessary goes without saying.

There are two common possibilities for the length setting. A screen is usually 24 lines from top to bottom. If you use this setting then the display will stop after each screen displayed and prompt you with "More?" Pressing the ENTER/RETURN key continues the display until the next full screen is reached. Typing in the letter "N" causes the display to discontinue and the next prompt to display. The other setting is to set the length to zero (0). This will cause each message to scroll continuously from beginning to end before stopping. For many messages this isn't a problem, they are only one screen long. For a very long message, like an on-line copy of this article, you might not be able to read fast enough to catch everything I'm trying to tell you. You can stop and start the scrolling at will using the CRTL-S combination to stop and the CTRL-R combination to resume.

Now that you have everything in order let's move on to the next menu and learn how to communicate with the rest of the worldokay, almost the rest of the world.

COMMUN ICATION CENTER Menu : FAX Ser vices [$] Mail (Electronic ) Workspace (Fi l e Manager ) Exi t to Main Menu

A FAX is a FAX and there shouldn't be too many questions about that. The difference here is that even without a FAX modem you can now send a FAX. DELPHI doesn't provide receiving facilities yet so don't give your addressee their number. Please note that there is a dollar sign symbol [$] behind this selection. This is your warning notice that there is an

have a couple of weeks shot.

Email is paperless and reasonably easy to master. When you access the mail feature you will be in a pure DEC program module. This means that some of the nice things you have been learning about this area, and the rest of DELPHI, don't apply. With that in mind let's go on. At the MAIL> prompt you can SEnd, REply, De lete, EXTract, FORwa r d or EXi t. If you are going to SEnd a message the next prompt will be "To:". This is where you enter the address of the person to receive your message. If you are sending the message to another DELPHI/USGF user then the only thing you need to type in is their username. You know what yours is (mine is ELLI SCO) so now you know at least two. If you are going to send a message to the user at another service you will need to know their username there before the message can be delivered.

The address for Email messages leaving DELPHI/USGF has a slightly different format. The examples shown below are not an exhaustive listing. If you need help with a speCific address, just ask. Here are a few examples:

in%"[email protected]" internet "use r. num@compuserve . com" in%"username@genie . g i s . com"

Notice that" in%" or" internet" is required atthe beginning of the address. This is what tells the system that the message is for a user outside this system. Also note that the actual address is enclosed in quotes. This, too, is necessary so that our system doesn't make any changes before the information leaves. The last point to be noted in the examples shown above is that the comma C) that usually separates a CIS user identification number has been replaced with a period ( .). This, too, is necessary to get your address information to the other system correctly. There are technical explanations for all of these requirements. I'll be happy to give you the username of the DELPHI staff person who can give you all of the details as to why if you really insist on knowing. I've been told some of it and promptly determined that the "why" wasn't all that important so long as I remembered that these are "must do" type items.

Your Workspace is your private on-line storage area. Currently there are some very strict limitations on how much you can store

there. There is a chance that changes in this policy may have been announced by the time you read this information. What you read on-line is always going to be more current than what you see in print. Anyway, the space is yours. There will be at least one file there. The MAl L . MA l file is your mailbox. Please do NOT do anything with it while you are in workspace. Everything you need to do to this file can, and should, be done at the MAIL> prompt.


I o .A 7

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Telecommunications

Space for files is allocated in "blocks". The block is the VAX method of keeping track of space. Each block is 512 bytes in length. The present policy says that you can have up to 50 blocks of information in your workspace without being assessed an extra fee for storage space. 50 blocks times 512 bytes equals 25,600 bytes, or about 25K of storage space. This isn't much so be careful. Be sure to delete your incoming messages just as soon as you have taken the appropriate action, like replying, forwarding or extracting. Extracting doesn' t remove the original message so it must be deleted to be gone. Downloading will not eliminate a message/file either. It too must still be deleted. Good news DOS users-the command to delete files is DELETE.

Anyone needing instructions on how to use the EXI T selection-please see me out behind the gym after class. <gr in >

[CONFERENCE]

Stay here awhile ! Put your feet up. Type WHO every now and then to see who has come i nt o conference. Do a/SEND <USERNAME> (I - l i ne message ) to invi te someone into conf erence. Do a/JOIN <ROOMNAME> <--this "creates" a r oom to converse in. Conference is great fun !

This is a "banner" message and will change from time to time as the managers see fit. Its purpose is to give you useful information just before you start talking directly to other users.

Welcome to the USAG MAIN Conf erence System

Conf er ence Menu : WHO (l i st groups ) PAGE a user JOIN a group NAME ni ckname EXIT CONFERENCE>Who ,Page , Join , Name , Exit?

This is the place! Here is where you can really have some fun. Conferences are discussions. They can involve as few as two users or they can involve many more. How many will depend on how well everybody behaves. The system can handle about as many users as you can collect up at anyone time in anyone place. How much gets done after that depends on the users-but I said that once. Maybe it needs repeating again.

Your conversations here will be via the type word. This means that some of us are slower than others when it comes time for us to express ourselves. I've been in the South almost long enough that I can fuss at you Yankees for your fast talking but I won't. I will ask you to be understanding and give us slow typists a chance to get a word or two in from time to time. The other half of the delay may be

Conferences are discussions. They can involve as

few as two users or they can involve many more.

How many will depend on how well everybody

behaves. The system can handle about as many

users as you can collect up at anyone time in any

one place. How much gets done after that depends

on the users .

caused by the method one of us has used to access the system. Not all modems are created equal nor are all lines leading to Cambridge, MAequai.

To allow the maximum amount of freedom with only the necessary controls imposing an "informal" protocol (set of operating rules) has been developed over time here. It isn' t long nor is it hard to remember. It goes like this:

?

ga

ga username

and it means :

I want to ask a question

I have a short comment I ' d like to interject here

I ' m finished the next per son can go ahead

the moderator is tel l ing username to speak

A few comments on the above. If the" ! " is abused, expect the speaker and the moderator to ignore it. It is the speaker's decision to allow the interruption for a comment to be interjected. When you type " ?" the moderator should be placing your name on a list. Each user will, or should, be called in order. If the moderator misses you don't blast away-use the send command to remind him/her that you are being a good user and waiting your turn-as long as they remember to call on you in turn! One other comment-using ALL CAPS is the same as shouting on-line.

While others are speaking (typing) you don' t have to be idle or bored. It is possible to hold side conversations. The / SEnd command allows you to pass a message to a single user. It will not be seen by any other users. The format for using this command is:

II I SE ",e,",me MESSAGE II Username is the name, either the formal username or the nick

name, of the user you want to address. Message is the 255 characters (max.) you can use to convey your message. Be careful what you say. In order for the command to work properly the slash (j) must be the first character on a line. If it isn't then the whole line will display. At times like that you might want to do an (oops) or a [blus h] to acknowledge that you know you made a mistake and you are going to be more careful.

» ELLISCO Hi I hope you are en j oying this : )

That's what a / SEnd message would look like if I sent it to you. Note that there are two greater than (» symbols before the username which is in all caps. The balance of the line(s) would be mixed case normally. I have been known to shout at people but only as a last resort. From my end the above message would have looked like this:

/se username Hi I hope you are enjoying this : )

Just in case you haven't figured out the close prens and colon at the end, just rotate the page about 90 degrees clockwise. The alternate method is to lay your head on your left shoulder while you look at it. It's called an ASCII smiley face . ASCII is the American Standard Computer Information Interchange. In other words the characters that computers recognize so that they can communicate with each other-just like we do. That isn' t the only smiley face


Telecommunications

There are only a few restrictions on what can be

uploaded to this system. Every piece of written

material is protected by a copyright. This applies

as strictly to your handwritten notes as it does to

published documents. If you are going to upload

the work of another person you must have their

permission, usually in writing, to do so. The same

rules apply to graphic images. Pictures in

publications are copyrighted at least once and

often twice-once by the photographer and once

by the publisher of the document.

possible. In one of the SICs they have a file which illustrates over 100 different versions. The opposite is : ( but then you knew that.

Databases Available Menu :

Articles The Fans Speak

General Gymnastics Info USA Gymnastics Magazine Online

Research Data

Software

Technique Magazine Online

TOPIC>Which topic?

The databases are the file storage areas. There are seven listed above. These can be changed as times and needs change. Up to 14 different topics can be managed in a single database area.

As the files are placed in their respective topics keywords are added to the basic description. These keywords are the ones you can use in searching for a specific file. Every user is encouraged to share their knowledge and experience with other users through the files in the database topics. There are only a few restrictions on what can be uploaded to this system. Every piece of written material is protected by a copyright. This applies as strictly to your handwritten notes as it does to published documents. If you are going to upload the work of another person you must have their permission, usually in writing, to do so. The same rules apply to graphic images. Pictures in publications are copyrighted at least once and often twice-once by the photographer and once by the publisher of the document. There isn't a conflict here, so don't try to exploit what doesn' t exist.

The manager(s) of this area will review your uploads before they are made available to the rest of the users. This is done for a number of reasons. First, the manager is responsible for the contents of this area. He / she wants to provide you with the best for your money (time). Second, illegal activities are prohibited by the terms of the contract which makes this place available. So he/ she isn' t going to let violations slip through. Third, I mentioned a search capability when you are in a database topic. The manager is going to be revlewmg the keywords assigned to each file to insure tha t there are

enough of the correct ones to let you find the file before "extreme" frustration sets in. Once the submission is accepted by the manager it will be moved to the appropriate topic and from then on it will be available to all users. You thought you'd never become a published author-now you have the chance, use it wisely

Here in the Forum you ' re invited to leave messages on the suggested topics , or if you want to leave general messages for all to share , put them under "Articles " .

Welcome to the USA Gymnastics Forum .

Forum contains messages 1 to 40 .

Highest message you ' ve read is 34 .

Press RETURN to READ NEW Messages .

FORUM>Reply , Add , Read , " ?H or Exit>

The Fo r um is the public bulletin board, water cooler, et a1. Here's where you post your comments, questions, and so forth. And here' s where you will read the answers and other missives written by the other users. The manager(s) may post notes here from time to time pointing you toward new features or files as they are added to the area. This is adynamic system and w ha t you see now isn't necessarily what you will be able to see in a few months. I've been here since 1984 and you wouldn' t believe the changes that have been made since then. I'm not sure I believe all of them. No, I'm not the oldest user of DELPHI. There were people here when I arrived and some of them are still here. My advice-visit regularly and participate!

Welcome to USA Gymnastics Online ! This is a service of the national governing body of gymnastics in the United States and is open to all our friends in the gymnastics community , media , sports , the Olympic Family and others . Enjoy !

INFORMATION CENTER Menu :

Marketing and Media

Membership Information

Men ' s Gymnastics

Merchandise Mart

News of USA Gymnastics Events

Rhythmic Gymnastics

Safety & Education

UPI Newswire

Weather

What ' s New at USA Gymnastics

Women ' s Gymnastics

Exit to Main Menu

INFO CENTER>Enter Your Choice :

Do you need detailed instructions on what's here? The format here is similar to the da tabase area but there isn't a search ca pa bility. The articles are in chronological order based on the date the manager says they were placed on-line. If you have something which you think belongs here submit it to the manager. If he/ she agrees it will appear here. If not you should at least get an acknowledgment.

Biography Dick Evans is a full-time mechanical designer, part-time freelance writer and grandfather. His articles have appeared in Computer Shopper, Connect, DirecTIons, Charlotte Metro Computer News and other computer related publications. He has also had six books published by TAB / McGraw-Hill. These were illustrated tutorials on various pieces of software. He has been an active telecommunicator since 1984-all of it on DELPHI where he has served in various capacities. He and his family live in Charlotte, NC.


I

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JOIN USA GYMNASTICS ONLINEI

,

-. •

Free time must be used on evenings and/or weekends Some restrictions apply. Complete details are provided during the toll-free registration.

USA GYMNASTICS has joined with DELPHI in a great new partnership. USA Gymnastics Online! is the new DELPH I Custom Service offering you the world of gymnastics through your computer and modem.

In addition to USA Gymnastics Online!, you can access DELPHI itself, and explore the Internet.

Join USA Gymnastics Online! now and get 5 hours of evening or weekend access to tryout the I nternet for free!

Use DELPHI's Internet mail to exchange messages with over 10 million people at universities, companies and other online services such as CompuServe and MCI Mail.

Download programs and files using FTP or connect in real-time to other networks us ing Telnet!

It 's all yours when you "hook up" to USA Gymnastics Online and Delphi .

It's easy to sign up, and even easier to get online once you've signed up, through more than 600 local access telephone numbers nationwide. Explore it all from the comfort of your own computer. Get USA Gymnastics Online! and access to DELPHI and The Internet.

You'll be amazed by what you discover!

Questions? Ca II 1-800-695-4005 . USA Gymnastics' online address for electronic mail is USGF.

Software Review

NOURISH CHECK ATHLETETM NUTRIENT INTAKE & BODY COMPOSITION ANALYSIS SOFTWARE FOR YOUR PC Nourish Check is a Trademark of Dan Benardot, Copyright © 1993-94, All Rights Reserved

You may order this software through USA Gymnastics Merchandise Department. Use the Order Form on page 2 of this magazine.

NOURISH CHECK ATHLETrM

by Dr. DIm ""a,,/ot .1994 ·IIem#3642· S182.00

Please allow two weeks for de6very. Indicate farmllf with order (3.5" or S.2SH}

Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back with Return of software within 30 days.

Take the Guesswork Out of What to Eat to Get the Nutrients You Need

Good nutrition is a key to any athlete's success. Dr. Dan Benardot has developed software that assists the athlete and coach in evaluating and monitoring important nutritional considerations. Dr. Benardot has been using this program with members of the USA Women's National Team as well as with participants in the TOPs national training camps.

• Automatically ins talls on your hard drive. You're up and running in minutes .

• Straight-forward commands in simple English take the guess-work out of every analysis.

• Standard United States Department of Agriculture Nutrient Database with over 5,000 foods (induding fast-foods).

• User expandable and editable database so you'll have what you need.

• Simple storage system so you can save and describe every analysis for future retrieval.

• Automatic comparison of nutrient intake to age and gender-adjusted Recommended Dietary Allowances.

• Powerful printouts that clea rly spell out what

foods the athlete should eat to improve nutrient status. These analyses of foods may be viewed on monitor or printed.

• Registered users are automatically notified of USDA Database updates.

• Latest (1989) Recommended Dietary Allowances and other standard recommendations in a user editable file.

• No coding necessary to look up foods. Uses one of the fastest computer interfaces available to look up foods by simply entering the common food name.

• Predict body composition from a choice of numerous skinfold equations, and calculate arm muscle area, ideal weight range, and body mass index automatically.

Features • User friendly interface,

with mouse or keyboard control and action sensitive help screens.

Good nutrition is a key to any athlete's success.

Dr. Dan Benardot has developed software that

assists the athlete and coach in evaluating and

monitoring important nutritional considerations .


• Calculate caloric requirement with activity factors. Individual data automatically compared with file averages.

• Monitor the body compOSition and intake changes in your athletes quickly and accurately.

• Great tool for helping your a thletes understand their nutrient and body composition strengths and weaknesses. Excellent goalsetting tool.

• Includes on-line and hard-copy manual.

• Terrific money-making potential helps this software pay for itself.

Minimum Requirements

IBM-PC or compatible with a 386 processor running at 16 megahertz or higher.

Hard drive with a minimum of 3 megabytes of free space.

1 megabyte of RAM.

Mouse, graphics print-er capability and graphics capable monitor desired, but not required.

o A 11

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As I rapidly be-come somewhat of an elder statesman in gymnastics, I would like to

offer some observations and advice regarding the role of difficulty in preparing young gymnasts. Moreover, I would like to add some opinions about the current problems with the direction of gymnastics and what I see to be an increased emphasis on difficulty without good reason. These ideas are not presented as some sort of edict, but as an alternative to what I have seen demonstrated by a number of coaches and athletes in my most recent observations of gymnastics competitions and the TOPs testing.

Difficulty is a large part of the development of a gymnast. Interestingly, the role of difficulty has usually occupied a large proportion of the ten poin ts that a gymnast can earn from her performance. However, it appears that the demonstration of difficulty carries with it a role of even greater proportions in the eyes of the coach. What else do coaches and athletes use difficulty for?

The difficulty of routines and skills often separates gymnasts. It goes without saying, all other things being equal, tha tthe gymnastwhodemonstratesthemost difficulty should win. And, an unwritten idea among many coaches is that the coach is somehow "a better coach" by having gymnasts demonstrate high levels of difficulty in their routines. It appears that a major component of the coach's ego is tied to the demonstration of difficulty by his/her gymnasts as though such a demonstration helps "prove" that the coach is a good teacher and coach. In fact, other than winning, this may be the only method the coach has at his/her disposal when trying to gain recognition among his / her peers. Of course, winning is very difficult to do given the inherent exclusivity of it (i .e., there is generally only one winner). One must acknowledge that the awards for coaching are very few and many coaches labor in

General

THE ROLE OF DIFFICULTY IN THE DEVELOp .. MENTOF THE YOUNG GYMNAST Wm. A. Sands, Ph.D.

Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT

relative anonymity for many years. Moreover, a younger coach who perhaps has not established him/herself as producing "winning" gymnasts may opt for recognition by demonstrating other attention-getting behaviors such as trying to perform high levels of difficulty so that peers "notice." If recent observations are in any way correctly interpreted, this recognition appears to be a highly sought after commodity. We must explore whether this is a wise approach to gymnastics training. One must acknowledge that a coach's ego is highly related to his / her productivity. Superior ability tends to promote superior ambition. This can be readily seen in the constant escalation of difficulty in gymnastics as a sport.

The problem with this scenario comes when gymnasts are

asked to perform difficulty that is beyond their abilities. Unfortunately, this is not a new problem, but it has taken on new proportions and characteristics since the inception of the new Code and the apparent generation change in gymnastics coaches. This old problem has become increasingly serious due to its constancy, while our idea of "difficulty" has continued to escalate. So, let's examine the role of difficulty in the development of a gymnast.

First, gymnastics is unlike other sports in that the difference between levels of performers is not only how well they do skills, but the actual skills they do. For example, if Michael Jordan and I shoot free throws, one would find tha t we do them biomechanically pretty similar, however, he will make a lot more than I do. This scenario is


quite common in sports other than gymnastics. The primary difference between lower and upper level basketball players is not so much the skills they do, but how well they do the skills. In other words, all basketball players dribble, shoot, pass, and so forth. The best players do these skills better than the novice players. Gymnastics does not behave this way. In gymnastics we hope tha t the level of perfection of performance never changes from level to level or skill to skill. This means when a beginner gymnast performs a forward roll, we expect him/ her to perform the roll perfectly. An intermediate gymnast should perform the forward roll perfectly, but he/she should also perform a dive roll perfectly. So, it is not the level of perfection that varies from level to level in gymnastics, it is the

skills the gymnasts perform. This is entirely fundamental and axiomatic to gymnastics training, but commonly overlooked by coaches who pursue difficulty for the sake of itself. My first bit of advice to coaches is that they must resurrect this idea and revitalize it in their approaches to training.

General

barking on the more difficult skill training. Perhaps my singular, and by now overstated, point is that there are no shortcuts in sound training. My advice is to stop looking for them.

• E o v ... :::t

Coaching Choice Stable Easier

(3,3)

Unstable Harder

(4,4) The athlete should not be al

lowed to proceed to more difficult skills without first perfecting the more basic ones. This often receives considerable lipservice but little disciplined commitment. I propose, that as difficulty continues to escalate, the weight placed on the gymnast's foundation skills grows heavier and heavier-not lighter. The pursui t of difficulty in skills cannot skip-over the more basic skills because it seductively appears to "save time." In the long run, it not only does not save time, in my opinion, it doesn't save anything. In fact, it lengthens the training process as the athletes begin to reach for the highest levels of difficulty. Moreover, as I have written some years ago, putting more difficult, and yet to be completely mastered, skills in a routine under the assumption that this will make the athletes work on them and improve them by sheer repetition is a myth. It never works out that way. If the skills are not perfected before being placed in any kind of performance setting, they never improve. The added burden of performance reduces the ability of the gymnast to perfect the skill-perhaps due to diffused attention. This places added burden on the coach's organizational and planning skills so that basic skills are completely perfected prior to em-

How does one know when skill learning has progressed enough to begin the quest for high difficulty skills? I would propose that "stability" is the major determinant. Stability, currently one of the most lacking componenets in gymnastics performance, is the single distinguishing characteristic between superior performers and the group chasing them. The best gymnasts show very stable performances-even while performing difficult skills.

ent. The athletes are trying to perform skills that are at 100% of their abilities (in some cases even more) . This is evidenced by the fact that they must rehearse them excessively in warm ups, and they fall many times. It is evidellCed by the high level of neuroticism of the gymnasts and the coaches prior to performance. And, it is evidenced by the large number of avoidable falls

o ,---t----+-----i

I think gymnasts should be trained to one level-call it 100%-and then competed at a lower level-say 75%. My experience has shown me that an athlete's "best" practice performance is usually 10%-20% better than her best competition performance. In other words, when the gymnast performs skills that are at the edge of her performance envelope in training, she often makes them with relative ease. But, when she performs them in competition you can count on them being 10%-20% under-performed. In my opinion the coach should count on this and reduce the competition skill difficulty approximately 10%-20%, or more, below the athlete's maximum training difficulty. This helps keep the athlete in his I her comfort zone, and makes competition an event rather than a threat.

What I have observed recently, however, is quite differ-

• ... • -.I: ... -oS C ...

during perfor-mance. Or, I have seen gymnasts performing skills in the name of fulfilling composition and difficulty requirements as demanded by the new Code without much regard for whether the athlete can perform these requirements consistently. From what I have observed, dismounting floor exercise routines with a triple twist is extremely difficult. Moreover, I would contend that doing it and falling results in a lower score than doing a simpler skill with more perfection and therefore less deductions (although I must admit an incomplete knowledge of the current Code). I find it hard to believe that a deduction for a fall or a near fall can be outweighed by the value of a difficulty element. My advice is a return to sanity and a return to well executed gymnastics. I offer this ad vice knowing fully that the increased difficulty of the new Code offers a tremendously

(I ,D) (-1,2)

seductive enticement to rationalize the increase in difficulty of gymnasts' routines while ignoring the stability of these skills in performance.

Finally, I would like to propose a means of framing this problem in a way that I have not a ttempted before in the hope tha t it might strike a chord with coaches. This involves the use of Game Theory concepts and the principles demonstrated in the "Prisoner's Dilemma." If I may illustrate, let's imagine that two possible outcomes of our participants are the coach may choose to allow the athlete to perform stable skills, or unstable skills. Unstable skills are synonymous with skills that are higher in difficulty and not as well controlled or consistent as the stable skills. Then let's further assume that the gymnast has the choice of succeeding in the skill performances or not.

------------.------------.. -----------~ This results in a 2 x 2 matrix as

In gymnastics we hope that the level of perfection of performance never

changes from level to level or skill to skill. This means when a beginner

gymnast performs a forward roll, we expect him/her to perform the roll

perfectly. An intermediate gymnast should perform the forward roll perfectly,

but he/she should also perform a dive roll perfectly. So, it is not the level of

perfection that varies from level to level in gymnastics, it is the skills the

gymnasts perform.


shown above. The numbers in the parentheses indica te the rei a -tive "payoffs" for the coach and athlete in my selected scenario. It is traditional to place the row outcomes (i.e., athlete outcomes) first and the column outcomes (i.e., coaching choices) second. Therefore, the payoffs of the upper left corner of the matrix show the athlete achieves a payoff of three and the coach receives a payoff of three.

I ., A-13

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General

Of course, the payoff values shown in the diagram were chosen by myself, and are open for argument. However, let's look at the matrix as shown here to understand the seduction of pushing athletes too hard in difficulty. The highest payoff cell for both athlete and coach is the upper right cell. This seems intuitively obvious because both athlete and coach would like to succeed while performing the highest level of difficulty. Note that the second highest payoff cell is in the upper left corner of the matrix. In this case the athlete succeeds but does not have as high a payoff as the cell at the upper right (3 versus 4), and the coach gets a return of only three because the athlete does not satisfy the coach's ego in performing at a difficulty level that the coach might desire.

,..------------------------IIIII! ficulty for, what I would con

The most controversial cells are probably along the bottom row. Let me try to explain why I chose the payoffs the way I did. If the athlete fails while performing lower level difficulty skills (lower left cell) the athlete should not be frightened or in excessive danger. The athlete simply made a mistake. Therefore, I have given the athlete a payoff of one. The lowerright cell of the matrix shows the athlete receiving a

The coach should choose skills for the betterment of

the athlete's performance, not the ego gratification

of the coach.

payoff of -1 while the coach receives a payoff of 2. I selected these because it appears that coaches are much more willing to accept an "ego" payoff over a performance payoff than one would initially suspect. And, the athlete is in considerably more danger of injury when she fails performing unstable skills.

My po in tis tha t the gambling man/woman might opt for the higher payoff of the upper right cell by taking a chance tha t the gymnast will successfully perform the skills of the highest difficulty. The conservative coach might choose the upper left cell because the payoffs are still relatively high (although perhaps not as potentially high as the unstable column payoffs), but the athlete still succeeds. Neither the coach nor the athlete prefer the outcomes in the lower row as much as the upper row, but the payoffs are completely opposite in orientation. The coach may receive ego satisfac-

tion if the athlete attempts difficult skills and fails, while the athlete ma y perceive the com petition less threatening while performing skills that are relatively easy.

Although this scenario is obviously rather simplified, and not without some personal bias, it appears to reflect some of the real choices facing the modern gymnastics coach. What may be of particular importance to note from the matrix is the role of ego satisfaction and payoffs as contrasted to the athlete's satisfaction and payoffs. It appears that if the athlete's payoffs are most important, then the strategy is clear. If the coach's ego is of most importance then the strategy for the optimal payoffs for him/her is also clear. I believe this is where the "tension" between stable and unstable skills may be most pronounced. And, it is the place where coaches are most likely to be drawn into the seductive notion of performing too much dif-

sider, the wrong reasons.

Coaches may need to step back from the skill selection situation and determine if the skill selection being made is really to the benefit of the gymnast, or merely a veiled hidden agenda of the coach. I think my opinion on this matter should, by now, be clear. My advice is to opt for the strategy depicted in the upper left cell. This strategy offers the highest payoff for both participants simultaneously and thereby represents the most "profitable" means of determining direction.

In conclusion, I hope coaches will step back and take an honest look at the role of difficulty and the selection of skills for gymnasts to perform. If the gymnast performs stable skills, he/ she tends to be ha ppier and safer. If the gymnast performs stable skills with the highest difficulty, he/she is more likely to win. However, the coach should be certain that the skills that the gymnast performs are stable enough that failure is highly unlikely. Moreover, the coach should choose skills for the betterment of the athlete's performance, not the ego gratification of the coach.

RHYTHMIC PROMOTIONAL VIDEO IS NOW COMPLETE! ~ c;.,;;J ..... ~

~ Z

~ < ~ ~

This new item is designed to introduce rhythmic gymnastics to the general pu .. lic. The four-minute video illustrates for parents and clu" owners alike "oth the fun side of rhythmic gymnastics and the competitive possi .. ilities. Images range from preschool movement classes to international elite competitions.

Adding rhythmic gymnastics to your curriculum? Remem"er that parents and coaches alike are generally unfamiliar with the sport. The promotional video can "e used to educate your clientel and to promote the development of new rhythmic classes. Turn on

in your lo .... y and let the pictures do the talking!

The video is set to music and includes voice-over narration. Call USA Gymnastics Merchandise at 317-237-5060 to order your copy. (Item # 1341 )


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I o A. 16

Coaches Education

ACEP LEADER LEVEL SPORT SCIENCE COURSE

u SA Gymnastics will be sponsoring

'---- ACEP Sport Science courses at special rates for gymnastics professionals. Certified ACEP instructors who are registered with USA Gymnastics will conduct these courses. Successful completion of this course

rr«GA GYMNASTICS

fulfills one requirement for PDP Level II Accreditation. Use the form below to preregister for the course of your choice. To guarantee your registration, a completed registration form must be received by USA Gymnastics 3 weeks (21 days) prior to the published course date.

MARCH J J·J2 Saturday: 8:00am-5:00pm Leesville Middle School, Raleigh, NC Course Dir.: Christine Kennedy (919) 848-7988 9321 Leesville Rd. Raleigh, NC 27613

MARCH 27 7:00am-4:00pm Wings Fitness Center 1875 Century Way, Boise ID 83709 Course Oir.: John Sahlein (208) 376-3641

USGF-ACEP Leader Level Sport Science -- Registration Form

APRIL J6·J7 Saturday: 4:00pm-8:00pm Sunday: 9:00am-l :OOpm Gym-Kids U.S.A., 928 McDonald Wausau, WI 54403 Course Dir.: Edgar Pulido (708) 851-5437 Local Contact: Paula Baum (715) 845-1664

JUNE 4 Saturday: 8:30am-6:30pm Tulsa World of Gymnastics, 720 E. 38th SI., Tulsa, OK 74145 Course Dir.: Sherry Gruber (405) 327-1923

Fill in the following form as completely and accurately as possible. Please print or type.

Name ------------------------------ Birthdate _________ Age _ (min. age is 18 years)

Address __________________________ _ City State

Zip ______ _ phone #: Home (_) - _ - ___ Work (_) - _ - __ _

Social Security No. ___ - _ - ___ USGF Professional No. ___________ __

Safety Certification Status: Are you currently Safety Certified? D Yes D No Expiration date: _I _I _ Course Information: Date: ____ Location: ____________________________________ _

Course Instructor(s) _________________________________________ _

Course Information 1. The textbook for the Leader Level Sport Science course is Successful Coaching. The textbook is included in the course fee. Preregistered

participants will receive their materials at the course. 2. The course fee is $80. USGF Professional Members may register at the reduced rate of $70. 3. Successful completion of this course fulfills the Sport Science requirement for PDP Level II Accreditation . 4. Send completed form with payment to: USA Gymnastics, Pan American Plaza, 201 S. Capitol Ave., Suite 300, Indianapolis, IN

46225 Payment:

D Check (Payable to USA Gymnastics) Check No. ____ _

D MasterCard or D VISA Card No. ____________________ Exp. Date: _I_I_ Card Holder Name: ______________________ Signature: _____________________ _

1'394


ATTENTION ALL GAMES ENTHUSIASTS

Be watching Technique for the announcment of an upcoming book

GYMNASTICS GAMES ACTIVITIES FOR KIDS

WAN T T 0 CONTRIBUTE

We need you!

Be thinking of ideas, and when the time comes, send them in!

Sponsored by the Educational Subcommittee of USA Gymnastics

Focus Please circle:

? •

WARM-UP SKILL DEVELOPMENT STRENGTH/ENDURANCE ~OTOR DEVELOPMENT

Name of game activity: _ ___ ________________________ _

Purpose / goal of Game/ activity _________________________ _

Description of Game/ activity: (Please include any illustrations you feel are necessary to make the activity more understandable. Please use additional paper if needed).

Send ideas to: Patricia Hacker, 1814 22nd Ave. H, Brookings, SO 57006

••••

••••

• ••

I ., .A 18

USA CONGRESS AND USA CHAMPIONSHIPS IN ONE COMBINED WEEKEND! For the first time, the USA Gymnastics National Congress and the men's and women's USA National Championships will be conducted on the same weekend!

As coaches, gym owners, and program directors, this is your chance to get a "two-for-one" of the most important yearly offerings of USA Gymnastics.

IT'S THE RIGHT TIME! You have been asking for a change in the annual dates of the National Congress from September to August-in 1994 it is going to happen!

IT'S THE RIGHT PLACE! Nashville-the home of country music, downhome food , and good times.

Opryland Hotel-one of the premier visitor and convention centers in the United States.

It's all happening here and "a good time will be had by all! "

THE BEST OF BOTH! The USA Gymnastics Congress committee and the Events staff have been working closely to

1994 Congress

1994 USA GYMNASTICS

CONGRESS COSTS PROFESSIONAL MEMBERS Early Registration: (received prior to July 1) $125 late Registration: (received after July 1) $150 NON-MEMBERS $210 Congress Registration forms will be included in this issue on page 21.

ensure that partiCipants get the best of both! Information packed Congress sessions, the opportunity to watch the best gymnasts in the United States, and a GREAT time in one exciting weekend.

THE FACTS HOST CITY Nashville, TN

CONGRESS DATES Pre-Congress Sessions August 24-25,1994 Congress Sessions August 25-28, 1994

Below: The Opryland Hotel displays a rock garden at the Magnolia entrance.

CONGRESS HOTEL Opryland Hotel 2800 Opryland Drive Nashville, TN 37214 Ph. 615-889-1000 Fax 615-871-6942

HOTEL RATES Traditional Garden

View

Single/double $109 $139 Triple/quad $125 $155 Reservation cut-off date is July 24, 1994.

GROUND TRANSPORTATION Airport Transportation: (6:00 am-12:00 midnight) $13 round-trip $9 one-way

The Opryland Hotel is within 10 minutes of Nashville International Airport. Hotel Parking: No Charge

AmericanAirlines· Something special in the air.·

American Airlines has been designated the host airlines for the 1994 USA Gymnastics Congress. Call 1-800--433-1790 and ask for STAR # S1784R2 to make reservations and receive information .


CLUB BUSINESS Experts and entrepreneurs will be available to assist the gym club owners and managers in a wide range of business offerings. The focus this year will be on utilizing the new technologies to make your business more efficient and profitable .

TECHNIQUE SESSIONS Informative sessions will be presented for coaches at all levelsbeginner, intermediate, advanced and elite.

SPORT SCIENCE RESEARCH AND APPLIED COACHING Dr. William Sands, Chairman of the USA Gymnastics Sport Science AdviSOry Committee, will coordinate the 4th annual Sport Science Symposium. Sports Scientists interested in presenting at the Symposium should contact the Education Dept. for more information and submission forms.

JUDGES TRAINING AND THE CODE OF POINTS Sessions will be conducted to assist both judges and coaches in understanding and applying the Code of Points. Explanatory and practice sessions will be offered.

PRESCHOOL/ DEVELOPMENTAL Once again, a full program will be offered in these important areas featuring outstanding movement education specialists.

EXHIBITION HALL The Exhibit Hall will provide Congress participants with the opportunity to see the newest and the best in equipment, apparel,

supplies and services, You can discuss your needs, compare services and prices and make deals! No other event offers the gym club owner a better chance to meet and greet the members of this important part of the gymnastics industry,

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT The PDP program will be offered at all completed levels: PDP I and II. The ASEP Sport Science course will be conducted as a pre-Congress session,

OPRYLAND HOTEL

There's no place else quite like it, Opryland Hotel. A tradition of comfort and space,

It is a panorama of tastes and styles, You can find soft or lively moods, and finger foods, coun

- try music or jazz, black tie or ca-U sual dress, all presented with cour

tesythat's the standard for Southern hospitality. And all that is just the beginning.

From The Old Hickory Room, and The Cascades Restaurant, where continental cuisine is classically served, to Rhett's, offering American regional favorites, the Opryland Hotel offers a dining experience for every taste. Each one features fine foods served with impeccable taste.

For lighter fare, try Rachel's Kitchen, or the Pickin' Parlor for a late snack. Dancing, live entertainment and cocktails await in the Stagedoor lounge, or a relaxed drink at Jack Daniel's Saloon or the revolving Cascade Terrace Lounge.

In the well-equipped and professionally staffed Fitness Center, guests may work out on equipment ranging from stationary cycles and treadmills to a U multi-exercise machine. In addition, the hotel has six lighted tennis courts, with a tennis pro on duty, three adult pools and two wading pools.

1994 Congress

1 994 CONGRESS AND U.S. CHAMPIONSHIPS SCHEDULE

Note: The following schedule is tentative and subject to change, It is offered here to illustrate how these two exciting events will be coordinated. Future Technique issues will include more specific information including presenters and topics, specific session times, Congress "Add-on" sessions, and so forth.

TIMES OPRYLAND HOTEL

CONGRESS ACTIVITIES

WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 24

Morning

Allday

Possible "Golf Scramble" outing

Various Congress " Add-on" Sessions (PDP I & II , Safety Certification, Skill Evaluator Exam, Meet Director Exam. and so forth)

THURSDAY, AUGUST 25

11 :00-6:00 Congress Exhibit Hall Open

9:00-12:30

2:00-5:00

1O:0G-1:00

Congress Sessions 1,2. and 3

(Special Groups Sessions" A" & "B")

USA Gymnastics' social Club '94

FRIDAY, AUGUST 26

9:00-6:00 Congress Exhibit Hall Open

8:3G-12:15

12:1&-1 :45

1:4&-5:30

1O:00-?

Congress Sessions 4,5, and 6

-Lunch Break-

Congress Sessions 7,8, and 9

Return to Opryland Hotel and enjoy the activities!

SATURDAY, AUGUST 27

8:0G-1 :00 Congress Exhibit Hall Open

8:3G-12:00

1:3G-4:30

9:3G-1:00

10: 1 &-10:45

Congress Sessions 10, 11. and 12

(Special Groups Sessions "0 " & "E")

Congress Party Nashville-style! (Plenty of food, festivities, dancing, and entertainment)

USA Gymnastics Ceremony of Honors Presentation of the new National Teams

SUNDAY, AUGUST 28

Morning

OR .. .

Various "Add-on" Sessions-PDP I & II, Safety Certification, Skill Evaluator Exam, Meet Director Exam, and so forth)

Before your departure, you could: • Sleep late and then partake in the

bountiful Opryland Sunday Brunch

• Playa round of golf at the beautiful Opryland Spring Hill PGA golf course, or trade some exchanges at the Opryland tennis courts

• Take the family to Opryland Theme Park

• Enjoy a leisurely breakfast or lunch cruise on the paddleboat __

• Tour the Opryland Museum and other Nashville landmarks

• Or arrange any number of fun activities through the Opryland Visitor's Center


TIMES

10:00-12:00 2:00-4:30 7:0G-9:00

2:0G-4:30

7:00-9:30

7:00-10:00

1O:00-?

1:00-3:00

6:0G-8:00

NASHVILLE ARENA COMPETITION SESSIONS

Jr. Women's Compulsory Meet Jr. & Sr. Men's Compulsory Meet Sr. Women's Compulsory Meet

Jr. Women's Optional Meet

Jr. & Sr, Men's Optional Meet

Sr. Women's Optional Meet

Or. .. stay and enjoy Nashville's downtown social activities!

Sr. Men's Event FINALS

Sr. Women's Event FINALS

I o A. 19

I I I I I I

, I I I I

1994 Congress • August 25-28 • Nashville, Tennessee

1994 ------, USA GYMNASTICS

CONGRESS COSTS PROFESSIONAL

MEMBERS Early Registration: (received prior to July 1) $125

Late Registration: (received after July 1) $150

NON-MEMBERS $210

, 994 PRE-REGISTRATION FORM COMPLETE ONE FORM PER PERSON-PLEASE PHOTOCOPY FORM FOR ADDITIONAL REGISTRATIONS

Name ________________________________________________________ __

Social Security No. ________________________________________________ _

USAG Pro# ______________________________ __ Exp. Date _____ _

Mailing Address __________________________________________________ _

City _____________ _ State __ _ Zip ____________ _

Name of Club Program ______________________________________________ _

Day Phone _________ _ Night Phone ___ _________ _

Check (I ) appropriate:

Program: o Men's Program o Women 's Program o Rhythmic Program

Title: 0 Club Owner o Coach o Administrator o Judge

Minimum age for Congress regis/ration is 16 years.

REGISTRATION IS

NON-REFUNDABLE AFTER

AUGUST 12

NO PRE-REGISTRATION

AFTER AUGUST 1

AFTER AUGUST 1

YOU MUST REGISTER ON-SITE.

NO EXCEPTIONS

PAYMENT MAKE CHECK/MONEY ORDER PAYABLE TO USA GYMNASTICS

Amount Enclosed 1'-$ _____ --'

Charge to: o Visa o Mastercard

Card No. ________________ _

Exp. Date ________________ _

Signature (required) _ ________ _ _ __ _

Please return this registration form to:

USA Gymnastics Congress Pan American Plaza, Suite 300

201 S. Capitol Avenue Indianapolis, IN 46225

T393


CONGRESS COSTS

Fee includes:

• 1 Credential for entrance to regular Congress sessions, master clinics, and demonstrations on Thursday afternoon through Saturday.

• Free entrance to the Exhibit Hall featuring the industry's finest products.

• 1 Ticket to the Final Congress Party "Nashvillestyle." (Additional banquet tickets for spouses/ guests are $40 eachavailable at registration).

• 1 Ticket to the annual Ceremony of Honors.

• Priority seating locations are being held for Congress attendees in the floor, mezzanine, and balcony levels for those desiring to purchase tickets to the 1994 CocaCola National Championships.

• $3 per ticket discounts are available to Congress attendees for the balcony seats for the final three sessions (regular price is $ 10).

TO ORDER TICKETS TO TH E COCA-COLA

NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS, PLEASE USE THE FORM ON THE

NEXT PAGE.

Note: You must register separately for the PDP Coaching Accreditation courses, Safety Certification course/exam, Skill evaluators exam, and so forth. Forms will be available beginning with the April issue ofTechnique magazine.

I

" .A 21

I

" A 22

1994 Coca-Cola National Championships • August 24-27 • Nashville, Tennessee

PLEASE NOTE • Each Congress

participant may request a limit of four (4) Coca-Cola National Championships tickets with their Congress registration in the special prime seating blocks.

• Priority locations are being held for Congress attendees In the floor, mezzanine, and balcony levels (all sessions).

• $3 per ticket discounts are available to Congress attendees for the balcony seats for the final three sessions--regular price is $10. This will be consistent with other discounts (I.e., group, Coca-Cola coupons, and so forth).

• No discounts will be available for any floor or mezzanine level seats.

• Seating will be asSigned on a "1 st come-l st serve" basis until the reserved blocks have been filled. Subsequent seating requests will be on a "next-best-available" priority.

• All other requests for Championships tickets will be processed through the normal TicketMasterTM outlets for this event.

1 994 COCA·COLA NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS TICKET INFORMATION FOR CONGRESS ATTENDEES

The 1994 Congress has been designed with special attention to permit Congress attendees to enjoy one of the most important competitions of the 1994 season-the Coca-Cola u.s. Championships for men and women.

This ticket request for priority seating must be accompanied by a Congress registration form and be postmarked by August 1 st (July 1 st for additional Congress discount if you are a professional member)_ After August 1 st, unsold seats will be released for sale to the general public.

Name Phone #

Social Security No. USAG #

AVAILABLE SEATING AND TICKET COSTS Noot

Competition Time Floor Mezzanine Balcony Tickets Price TOTAL

WED,8/24 Jr. Wom. Camp. 10:00AM $5 $5 $5 X

Jr./Sr. Men Camp. 2:00 PM $5 $5 $5 X

Sr. Wom. Camp. 7:00 PM $15 $8 $5 X

THURS, 8/25 Jr. Wom. Opt. 2:00 PM $5 $5 $5 X

Jr./Sr. Men Opt. 7:00 PM $15 $8 $5 X

FRI,8/26 Sr. Wom. Opt. 7:00 PM $20 $15 $7 X

SAT,8/27 Sr. Men Finals 1:00 PM $20 $15 $7 X

Sr. Wom Finals 6:00 PM $20 $15 $7 X

GRAND TOTAL

NOTE: ALL TICKET PURCHASES ARE NON-REFUNDABLE. LIMIT FOUR TICKETS PER PARTICIPANT.

PAYMENT MAKE CHECK/MONEY ORDER PAYABLE TO USA GYMNASTICS

Amount Enclosed Ic..._$ ____ ----' Charge to: o Visa o Mastercard

Card No. ____________ _ Exp. Date _ _

Signature (required) _________ _

Please return this registration form to: USA Gymnastics Congress, Pan American,Plaza, Suite 300, 201 S. Capitol Avenue, Indianapolis, IN 46225 T393


DBA GYMNASTICS

USA GYMNASTICS

EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS

ro order any of these publications, use the USA Gymnastics order form on page .2. ro receive a rechnical catalogue, call USA Gymnastics merchandise department at 3 r 7-.237-5060.

SPORT PSYCHOLOGY

r------;::~::_----___ observe their young athlete's progress as well as learn the •• terminology of gymnastics.

Pu •• ,_ The book is fully illustrated a"e and includes helpful "What to ~r,O •• S practice" sections. Movement So ~rl"'. A.·,. .... sequence activities include r .,., .. Across the floor, Over the

vault, On the beam, Around the

~~~~SH CHECK A THLET[7M :36~'1 an~l~hbtmic skills.

Ihe "''' r. D. 8enardol • S im al ele and coaCh in oflware pro rom

'Porlanl nUlrir I evalualing and 'g • Ihal assiSls or compatih" ~ona consideration Ii momloring higher. HD ,:,:~~a :86 processo:' ,;qUiremenls: 18M-PC

GREAT GAMES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE

praphics prinle 0 free space 1M ,megahertz Or desi~#e3ct64h2ul no; ::P'l~;e'hd.)Y and gr;Phics ~a'PRIl~~e'mMo~se, 199 I • Gustafson, Wolfe & King.

• UJ< Omlor paper · 152 pp

relays for upper elementary through

1--_____ s~I~9~a.~aa~ ____ .,..-_j Contains 60 field-tested games and

------------' high school. Included: complete

JOY AND SADNESS IN CHILDREN'S SPORTS 1918· Martens· paper· 316 pp 36 articles based upon pertinence, succinctness & quality of writing. The book emphasizes the joy of sports, but also examines those events that create sadness.

#15 $19.95

ADVANCES IN SPORT PSYCHOLOGY 1992 • Willis & Campbell· cloth· 212 pp Text providing brood coverage of research, theory and practical applications in exercise psychology. Real-life scenarios help readers understand how to apply theoretical models and research in the fitness setting.

#3617 $42.00

IN PURSUIT OF EXCELLENCE: HOW TO WIN IN SPORT AND LIFE THROUGH MENTAL TRAINING 1990 • Orlick, paper· 208 pp Written in on easy-to-understand, instcuctive style, this second edition of In Pursuit of Excellence is the supplemental text for courses that cover the basic sport psychology techniques. It covers the psychological concepts of concentration, winning, losing, and competing successfully. This highly successful sport performance book by internationally recognized sport psychologist Terry Orlick has undergone a • complete revitalization. Better organized for easier reading, the second edition includes dozens of new examples taken from Orlick's real-life experiences with champion athletes and their coaches.

#14 $14.95

MINDSET FOR WINNING Curtis This coaching system is designed to improve the mental preparation of athletes. It is on entire

mental training program which includes: coaching manual; athlete's log; cassette; and VHS tape. #3606 $69.95

ERGOGENIC AIDS IN SPORT 1983 • Williams . cloth . 386pp The aids are grouped into 5 categories: nutritional, pharmacologica~ physiologica~ psychologica~ and mechanical. #19 $2S.95

TOWARD AN UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN PERFORMANCE 1980· Burke· paper· 31 I pp Readings in exercise physiology for the coach and athlete.

#lS S2l.00

PHYSIOLOGY OF FITNESS 1990 • Shorkey. paper · 432 pp

An up-to-date guide to the prescription of exercise for health, fitness & performance. The book is divided into 5 ports: aerobic fitness, muscular fitness, fitness & weight, control, fitness & health, and fitness & lifestyle. #12 $17.95

LIVING ANATOMY 1990 • Donnelly. spiral. 23 I pp This baak takes a non-traditiona~

hands-on approach that helps students learn the essentials of anatomy quickly, easily, and more functionally. Designed for physical education

teachers, coaches and/ or trainers. Learn about the human body in a manner that is applicable to the daily activities of your field.

#16 $19.50

PRESCHOOL

DESIGNING PRESCHOOL MOVEMENT PROGRAMS 1992 • Sanders· paper · 152 pp Both a detailed guide for developing a preschool/movement curriculum and a resource containing developmentally appropriate movement activities.

#3626 $16.00

DEVELOPMENTAL GYMNASTICS 1990. O'Quinn . paper . 218 pp Gymnastics movement education program for kindergarten through 3rd grade.

#3605 $19.95

I CAN DO GYMNASTICS: ESSENTIAL SKILLS FOR BEGINNING GYMNASTS 1992 • Hacker et al. paper. 139 pp This is the student version of Sequential Gymnastics II. I Can Do Gymnastics includes check sheets where the gymnast con record his/ her progress in accomplishing the basic movement skills of gymnastics. Parents can


descriptions, game diagrams, suggestions for modifications,

equipment needed, and safety tips. #3623 $12.00

MAKE THE TEAM: GYMNASTICS FOR GIRLS 199 I • Whitlock. paper . 121 pp • Sports Illustrated for Kids: Little, Brown and Co. Designed for young girls expressing interest in gymnastics, this book includes tips, advice, illustrations, and more to help them get started in a sport that is great fun and great exercise.

#3630 $5.95

MOVEMENT AaJVITIES FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD 1992 · Tatsky-Hammett . paper . 152 pp 100+ child-tested movement activities that make learning new skills fun for preschoolers. Four movement areas: locomotor, boll-handling, gymnastics skills, and rhythmic activities.

#3622 $15.00

FITNESS FUN: 85 GAMES AND AaJVITIES FOR CHILDREN 1992 • Foster, Hartinger & Smith. paper. "2 pp Provides children with unique and enjoyable activities that consider muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Great for K-8.

#3601 $12.00

I o .A 23

I ., A 24

'Event Coorc£inator: AmyOler

USA Gymnastics, Pan American Plaza, Suite 300 201 S. Capitol, Indianapolis, IN 46225 (317) 237-5050

J{ost J{oteL-Palm Springs Hilton Hotel

400 East Tahquitz Canyon Way Palm Springs, CA 92262 (619) 320-6868

Rates information to follow

Jl.aaitiona[ J{otef.s: Information will be provided upon receipt of entry

Participation Jee(s): Basic fee-$20 per participant.

This includes:

• Gymnaestrada T-shirt

• Accreditation card/badge

..

General Gymnastics

db

Pa{m Springs Loca{ Organizing Committee (LOC) ana VSJl (jymnastics

The City of Palm Springs participatedin a competitive bid process to be considered as the "host city" for the 1994 Gymnaestrada. USA Gymnastics is excited to award this event to Palm Springs and is confident that the City and the lOC will do everything possible to make this truly a memorable and enjoyable experience for all participants! The lOC includes city representatives, hotel participants, the Convention and Visitors Bureau, locol gymnastics clubs, as well as locol sponsors and celebrities. All participants con be assured of fantastic hospitality and VIP treatment in 1994! The lOC also reminds USA Gymnastics of their beautiful selling, enviable climate, and outstanding tOlJrist attractions and amenities.

• Merchandiseinformation

• Right to participate in Team/Club display

• Entry into all event sessions

Jl.warcis: The USA Gymnaestrada is

NOT a competition, however, the LaC will present some special "fun" awards. In addition, every credentialled participant will receive a Participation Certificate, a Gymnaestrada T-shirt, and other sponsor give-aways.

Creaentiaf.s: All registered participants

will receive a credential permitting entry to all Gymnaestrada events and activities as well as other "bonus" values to be announced by the Lac.

ryic~tSafes: The LaC will sell tickets to

the general public for selected

USA

RAISE YOUR STANDARDS OF SPORT SAFETY

AND AWARENESS

GYMNASTICS

SAFETY HANDBOOK FOR GYMNASTICS AND OTHER SPORTS

1 994 EDITION

for use in conjunction with Safety Certification Courses

P,odu .. d by: Depa,/m.,,/ 0' Edu,a/ional S.,vl,.,

and Sa'./y

USA Gymno.tl,.

Indlanapoll" I"diana

.. ~.,/-", .. I'

The USA Gymnastics Safety Handbook will be available very soon. This publication represents the ninth year .f commitment by USA Gymnastics to provide the best and safest opportunity for individuals to p.rticipate in the wide variety of gymnastics and other sport opportunities. The handbook is now provided to all Safety Certification course participants as part of the course fee. Look for more information about this important handbook in the next issue of Technique.


General Gymnastics ----------------~

{jenera{ S cfiedu{e NOTE: This tentative schedule is subject to change. Watch for notifica

tion in future issues of Technique.

%urscfay Daytime Evening

~rU£ay Doytime

4:00 PM 5:00 PM 5:30 PM 9:00 PM

Saturcfay 8:00-noon 1:00-4:00 5:30-6:30 6:30-8:00 9:00

Suncfay 8:00-noon 12:00-1:30 1:30-2:00 2:00-4:00 Evening

I)v[oncfay

For "early arrival" groups Tours, golf outing, and other socialization and fun! Gymnaestrada groups wi ll be featured guests and performers at the downtown Palm Springs "Village Fest". More information to follow. Groups arrive in the morning. Practice times will be available. Special educational workshops are planned. Early "Tee-time Gymnaestrada Golf Scramble" for the adults. Tours ond special o(tivities plonned for the youth participonts. Officio l Group (he(k -in Opening Ceremonies Workshop sessions Social activity for 011 porticiponts

Group reheorsols ond workshop sessions Group performonces ond workshop sessions Reheorsol for Golo Showcase Gala Showcase Dress Reheorsol Performance Sociol o(tivity

Moss disploy training ond workshop sessions lunch Preparotion for Galo Showcase Golo Showcase performon(e Deportures fo r some groups ... Social o(tivity

Departures for remoining groups

performances to be announced any additional equip-later. ment or props.

9fost aMine: 3. Number in group-Sug-

To be announced. gested number is 10 or MORE per group, but

Performance Parameters groups of 6 or more will be accepted.

1. Performance area-one 4. Music-Each group must (1) 42' x 42' competition- provide a cassette to the type spring floor will be LOC and an individual provided centered in a who can direct and assist basketball floor. There will the A V personnel. be a "stage-front". The

5. Equipment-the LOC "stage-back" area will be draped. Groups will be will provide the basic

able to utilize the floor ar- spring floor, and sound

eas to stage right and left system. At this time, the

of the spring floor. member LOC gymnastics clubs have agreed to pro-

2. Performance length vide additional equip-(time)-Displays are to ment (skill cushions, land-be a maximum of 15 min- ing mats, etc.-please utes. This includes en- advise us of your needs so trances / exits and the tha t we can begin work on placement/removal of this!)

All other equipment and props must be supplied by the Groups. (Remember that you will need to get all of this on and off stage quickly!) In General Gymnastics (GG) "equipment" might include traditional artistic gymnastics equipment as well as non-traditional equipment such as ladders, chairs, parachutes, and so forth .

6. Theme-Please focus on American and regional themes in the selection of your program music and characteristic movement choreography. This event is somewhat of a selection opportunity for Groups desiring to represent USA Gymnastics at the 1995 World Gymnaestrada in Berlin, Germany. All groups who plan to attend the World Gymnaestrada should focus on showcasing American themes or unique regional themes.

7. Staging-Prior to each group's performance, they will be provided with a warm-up and staging period just prior to their performance.

(jymneastraaaSfiowcase (j a[a Performance(s)

• The Gala Performances will be open to the public. All registered groups will participate. In order to keep the Gala Showcase within a 1.5-2 hour timeframe, groups should be prepared for a five min u te presen ta tion. This can either be an excerpt from the 15 minute program or a program that is specially choreographed for the Gala.

• If possible, US Gymnastics would appreciate receipt of a videotape of your group when you register. This does not need to be your Gymnaestrada performance piece, but just


something that gives us an idea of what you do! This will assist us in forming the program for the Gala.

• All participating groups participate in the Opening Ceremonies and the Gala March-in.

• Based upon the review of the videotapes sent to USA Gymnastics, some groups may be asked to provide a longer program for the Gala-this will be at the discretion of the LOC an USA Gymnastics.

Wfiat is (jenera[ (jymnastics ana tfie (jymnaestraaa?

General Gymnastics is the term used by the FIG to describe that aspect of gymnastics that is leisure-oriented and offers a range of exercise programs. The Gymneastrada is the world event conducted every four years by the FIG where nations come together to celebrate ten days of gymnastics performal1Ces and exhibitions. The FIG has given permission for national Federations (like USA Gymnastics) to use the term Gymnaestrada when conducting one (1) nationally organized event each year.

Wfiat are tfie Objectives of tfie (jymnaestraaa Sfiowcase?

• To promote the value and diversity of gymnastics to public community.

• To increase participation in gymnastics irrespective of age, gender, or ability.

• To provide an incentive and motivation for recreational gymnasts to display their talents.

• To provide an opportunity for sharing of knowledge, ideas and new developments.

• Toassistin the general and technical education of coaches.

I

" A. 2S

Coach's Name ______________ _

Gymnastic School _____________ _

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Wfiat 'l(j.nas of Performances (el(fiibitions) are Permissi6{e?

Almost anything! Large and small group displays. Artistic gymnastics, educational gymnastics, dance, rhythmic, aerobics, clown, and many other possibilities exist. Group participants may be male, female, or mixed groups of all ages-children to seniors. This can be a fantastic activity for many of your Club members who don' t get the chance to travel and otherwise participate in USA Gymnastics Junior Olympic programs. The participants don't need to be high level competitive athletes! Involve your total

group in this activity, even the ' parents! This is "Gymnastics for All!"

Each group that responds to the accompanying Information Form, will receive a free videotape to them an idea of the wide range of possibilities. Interested groups may purchase additional videotapes through USA Gymnastics Merchandise of previous World Gymnaestrada events. (see attached listing)

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Don't procrastinate. Use the form on this page to add your Group's name to our Gymnaestrada mailing list to receive additional information. If you have a computer and a modem, join USA Gymnastics Online! to receive up-to-theminute information regarding GG and the Gymnaestrada.

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Contact name

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I o .A 28

Safety

This article will identify the law and issues applicable to spectators and the potential liability

of the gym owner / coach. The emphasis is on reducing the risk of legal liability and injury. After all, your best protection is to prevent the injury in the first place.

There are five different areas of liability that a gym owner must protect against. These are usually categorized as promotion, premises, products, patron, and participatory risks. These areas will be briefly discussed individually.

to remove spectators from the gym

A gym owner / coach should consider developing written guidelines instructing who ever you use for security guards. These instructions should delineate the proper procedures and grounds for excluding spectators whose presence or actions disrupt the orderly progress and program of your gymnastics meets. Your admission policy may also contain exculpatory language relieving the gym owner or organization of liability from any injury incurred on the premises. The validity of such a clause will, of course, depend upon factors such as the

SPECTATOR LIABILITY

Joy Gibney, Esq. 400 North Tustin , Suite 400, Santa Ana, CA 92705 (714) 543-9939

Promotional Liability A gym's promotionalliabil

ity refers to advertisements, admission fees, and exclusion policies. Many rules here are aimed at the larger, more public arenas and stadiums, such as nondiscrimination statutes that many states have against advertisements, admission, price, and privileges which discriminate agains t gender, the handicapped, etc. As an example,halfprice "Ladies Night" promotions have been held to discriminate against males, and are thus unlawful.

Of concern to gym owners/ coaches should be an admission policy concerning the grounds for excluding or ejecting unruly or potentially dangerous spectators. Grounds such as criminal conduct, anti-social disruptive or boisterous behavior (the crazed parent syndrome), profanity or abusive language, and even drunkenness surely serve as justifiable bases for ushers/ parent club members/coaches

adequacy of notice, the reading, understanding, and signature of the spectator. Printed disclaimers on tickets will usually not necessarily limit liability unless they have been properly brought to the attention of the spectator, which is why signatures are often suggested now.

Premises Liability The rule regarding your li

abili ty for the premises (the gym) itself is as follows: A gym owner must exercise reasonable care in the maintenance and management of the gym. The gym must meet minimum standards of safety, suitability, and sanitation. There is a duty to provide safe, secure, and non slippery stands, seats, steps and stairways. Benches, bleachers, barricades and beams have been the subject of litigation in the past. A spectator who stands on benches or bleachers and is pushed and falls may not be able to recover from you for his injuries because you are not required to anticipate that spectators will stand on

benches or bleacher seats. However, a spectator who trips over a projecting beam or bench may be able to recover damages. A gym owner must exercise reasonable care to discover and detect dangers, to remedy and repair defects, and to warn and watch for open, obvious, and even hidden hazards. Along this same theory, the gym owner owes the spectator the duty of proper care to keep aisles and walkways clear and clean, and should have sufficient personnel/ parent club members to prevent the accumulation of obstructions or injury-causing objects.

Products Liability A gym owner/organization

owes a duty to protect spectators from defective or injurious products they may sell. The concern here is the food, beverages, and souvenirs sold during meets. The gym owner / organization could be liable to the extent that a food item, beverage or souvenir causes an injury to a spectator.

Make sure your supporting organization has and uses proper safety standards so that food items are not only prepared and cooked properly (bad hot dogs), but that they are also stored properly before and during a meet (bad potato salad not kept cold enough).

Patron Liability A gym owner is obligated to

protect pa trons from reasonable anticipated harms caused by other patrons (spectators). There is no duty on your part to guarantee the safety of all spectators from any and all dangers. You are not an insurer of spectator safety. But, there is a duty to guard against exposing spectators to foreseeable risks.

The type of security needed is directly related to the nature of the sport. Thus, this is more of a problem for wrestling and boxing matches than gymnastics (hopefully!). Courts have required intervention by gym owners only where, "more than ordinary rudeness and jostling takes place." There is no duty


where assaults could not have been reasonably anticipated.

Participatory Risk Liability

A gym owner owes a duty of prudence and precaution to protect spectators from participatory risks of the sport of gymnastics itself. As an example, a baseball spectator assumes the risks of getting hit with a bat or ball, but in ice hockey, getting hit with a flying puck is not so obvious as to defeat liability every time. The difference in liability may be attributed to the fact that, in hockey, the puck is batted along the surface while in baseball the ball is batted or thrown in the air. This is not as much of a problem in gymnastics, since flying objects are not used in artistic gymnastics-this could be a consideration in rhythmic gymnastics.

Rather, the issue in the gymnastics environment is more geared to the gym owner's duty to provide sufficient protective space and walkways between spectators and the competing gymnasts. Seat location is a critical issue. The duty to provide reasonable safe seating is fulfilled by providing the specta tor with seating that is not dangerously close to equipment or competitive areas. The adequacy of lighting is also at issue.

In summary, gym owners owe a duty to protect and warn their gymnastics spectators from foreseeable hazards and harms, anticipated assaults and accidents, and even the rough and rowdy reaction of other fans / parents. But, your responsibility does not relieve the spectator from exercising the degree of reasonable care and prudence necessary for the proper enjoyment of the sport of gymnastics itself.

References Trial, The Sports Spectator as

Plaintiff, I. Francis Gregory II and Arthur H . Goldsmith, March 1980, p. 26-29.

Champion, Walter T., Fundamentals of Sports Law, Lawyers Cooperative Publishing Co., 1990.

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I

" A-30

Announcements

INTERNATIONAL GYMNASTICS FEDERATION Doping ...

... NEGATIVE! The Medical Commission of the International Gymnastics Fed

eration has just published the results of the checks carried out at the RSG World Championships in Alicante (ESP) last November. These were spot checks and were all negative.

It should be noted that the Medical Commission, with Dr. Michel Leglise (FRA) in the chair, intends to maintain and develop its system of spot checks in the future. This will take place in coordination with the work carried out by the Ad Hoc Commission of the International Olympic Committee.

Aerobics ... ... POSITIVE! Several national federations affiliated to the FIG have expressed

a desire to see aerobics integrated into the International Gymnastics Federation in the form of a new discipline, alongside Artistic Gymnastics, Rhythmic Sportive Gymnastics and General Gymnastics.

According to the statutes, it is for the FIG Congress next May to decide on these requests. However, aerobics is already practiced in the context of General Gymnastics. Its official integration would make it possible to give this diScipline, which is very popular, the effective technical and administrative support which it requires to build up optimal structures at the international level

At present, 117 FIG national federations are being questioned, so that the Executive Committee may obtain a general impression on all opinions expressed by its affiliates. The reply will be given next May in Geneva.

TEAM WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS FORMAT

Approved by the Executive Committee of the Federation of International Gymnastics, both the men's and women's competition IA at the 1994 Team World Championships in Dortmund, Germany, November 11-20, will compete in a team format. Teams will be randomly drawn into the six subdivisions for women and the four subdivisions for men. In other words, the U.S. team will be able to compete in the same subdivision and cheer one another on!

BUD WILKINSON After a long illness, Bud Wilkinson died Wednesday, February

9, at age 77.Wilkinson served as the president of the United States Gymnastics Federation in the early 80's. Wilkinson has been the President Emeritus since 1984.

"Bud became president of the federation during a very trying time," said USA Gymnastics Controller John Hewett. "He helped guide the Board of Directors down the path to success that was achieved in 1984 and has been maintained since that time."

Wilkinson won three national championships at Oklahoma and led the Sooners to an NCAA-record 47 straight victories. He was a member of the National Football Coaches Hall of Fame. He later served as an analyst for ABC and ESPN.

SUMMER COACHES WORKSHOP

1994 summer workshops are beginning to be scheduled. Emphasis during the clinic sessions will be on spotting techniques, safety, philosphy and training. Look for more information about costs, accomodations, additional sites and dates in future issues of Technique.

Tentative Sites and Dates: Hugenot, NY-June 18-25

Camp Oak Creek, Sunbury, OH-July 14-17 4480 Beard Road, Sunbury, OH 43074 (614) 524-4481 Tom Heineike

Woodward Camp-July 31-August 6

Lake Owen, Cable WI-Date: TBA

SHANNON MILLER Sullivan Award Nominee

Shannon Miller is one of 10 nominees for the 1993 Sullivan Award, an honor presented annually by the Amateur Athletic Union to the outstanding amateur athlete in the United States based on the qualities of leadership, character, sportsmanship and the ideals of amateurism.

Other nominees include: football player Charlie Ward, basketball player Bobby Hurley, wrestler Bruce Baumgartner, sprinter / hurdler Gail Devers, figure skater Brian Boitano, speedskater Dan Jansen, decathlete Dan O'Brien, basketball player Sheryl Swoopes, and swimmer Jenny Thompson.

The AAU Sullivan Award, considered the "Oscar" of sports awards, was established in 1930 in honor of James E. Sullivan, a founder and past president of the AAU. The Award will be presented in Indianapolis, Ind., at a dinner honoring the finalists on Monday, March 14.

1994 RHYTHMIC NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS

An event hosted by Nassau County Sports Commission to select the Junior and Senior National Teams.

Date:

Site:

Schedule:

Broadcast:

May 5-7,1994

Hofstra University Uniondale, Nassau County, New York

May 5-Preliminaries May 6-AII-Around Finals May7-Event Finals

CBS Sports, May 22,1994 from 2:00-4:00 pm CBS Sports, May 29,1994 from 2:00---4:00 pm


To: MPC & Men's Gymnastics Community

From: Bill Roetzheim Regarding the World Championships in Brisbane, AUS, the fo llowing matters have been decided: o Participants will include 58 coun

tries and 242 gymnasts. o That every Federation will have

one gymnast in the last rota tion. The more countries the bigger the groups become, however, there will be only one touch warm-up.

o Teams that have three gymnasts will have one gymnast in every group.

o In the final sub-division (rotation), the number of gymnasts will not exceed the number of the Nations.

o In the Individual Event Finals, There will be two days of four sessions with three events per day.

o That every judge must enter his starting score.

o On April 16, the podium training is not mandatory, however, on April 17, everyone must attend the podium training.

o Ties will be broken by the average of six scores, if the ties can not be broken in this manner, then the Head Judge's score will determine the winner.

Regarding the World Team Championships in Dortmund, GER, the following have been decided: o Top 12 teams (from the 1991

World Championships) in the competition la (CompulsorySes-

FIG/MTC Report

FIG TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MEETING REPORT

January 25, 1994

sion) will draw into the last two rotations.

o The top six teams in the final round will begin from ZERO.

o That each team must turn in their line-up 24 hours prior to the competition, including all seven gymnasts. All seven gymnasts will go up on the podium to present to the Head Judge, and then, the gymnast who is not in competition that particular event will step back and turn around to show his competition number to the score keeper. When the one touch warm-up begins, no change can be made in that particular event.

o You may also have one gymnast compete in compulsory and another gymnasts compete in the optional in that event.

o The judges will draw for each session.

o The FIG Men's Judges' Course will be held on April 10th, 9:00 AM to 1:00 PM.

o The judges must be present at the podium training on April 16 and 17.

o The ties will be broken by the highest optional team score, if still tied, the highest single event optional score will determine the winner.

o There will be four sub-divisions. o The judges' course video and

materials will be prepared by Roetzheim and Mizoguchi.

Regarding the future World Championships format, one individual event World ChampiOllsh ips per year and one complete World Championships in odd years. 1996 Olympic Compulsory interpretation changes

Vault o The traditional slight pike-open

technique "Butterfiy Technique" is now permitted. The compulsory vault will be judged based on height and distance, not on keeping the body straight.

Optional interpreta tion changes

Pommel Horse o Under the current 60/40 percent

rule, ration of either fiaired or double leg circles will becounted by the number of the circles, not the elements, thatareperformed in the routine.

o Scissors are exempt from the 60/ 40 percent rule because they are considered a special requirement.

Regarding the developmen t of the New Code, the following points wereconsidered: o The need for simplification o Easier application o The need for the Code to have a

longer life The committee worked on the New Code for two days. BR / hm

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I ., A-31

I o A. 32

Men's Minutes

MEN'S PROGRAM COMMITTEE MEETING

Goodwill Games athletes. The issue of the extended training camp, time away from classes and the Strategic Plan were questioned. Media and PR importance of Goodwill Games emphasized. Suggestions for solutions were discussed. Chairman Roetzheim rerillnded Committee that a seconded motion was on the floor and called for a vote. PASSED

Discussion followed regarding the selection of the coaches, difficulty of training and development of team game plan. Consensus needed regarding the training plan.

U. S. Olympic Training Center

Colorado Springs, Colorado February 3,1994

Motion to remove coaches selection from the selection procedures and make a decision regarding their selection at a later date. MOTION - P. Vidmar SECOND - K. Mazeika PASSED

Meeting Called to Order by Chairman RoetzlIeim at 7:04PMMST

I. Roll Call Members Present: Bill Roetzheim Chair, FIG/ MTC TIm Daggett Vice Chairman for Men Francis Allen Sr. Coo(hes Rep. Fred Roethlisberger Sr. Coaches Rep. Dennis Mcintyre Jr. Coo(hes Rep. Kevin Mazeika Jr. Coo(hes Rep. Peter Vidmar Athletes Adv. Coun. Rep. Mas Watanabe Sr. Te(h. Coord. Ivoi(e/ no

vote) Hideo Mizogu(hi Jr. Te(h. Coord. (voi(e/ no

vote) Bill Meade Interim MPDir. (voi(e/ no

vote)

II. Approval of Conference Call Minutes, October 19th

Motion to approve as published.

MOTION - D. Mcintyre SECOND - K. Mazeika PASSED

III. Dortmund Team Discussed selection procedure for the Dortmund team and coaches, with emphasis on use of 7th man. Chairman Roetzheim described the competition format and the practical implications. Watanabe reviewed statistical analysis and variations for the use of the 7th man. Motion made to select the top seven gymnasts based on compulsory and optional scores from the USA Championships. MOTION - T. Daggett SECOND - K.Mazeika

Discussion continued, with possible conflict with Championships and

IV. Selection Procedure: Brisbane Discussion on selection procedure for the three additional gymnasts allowed in addition to the three all-around gymnasts we are sending to Brisbane. No action taken following chairman's presentation of competition format.

V. Report Report by the USA Gymnastics technical directiors & interim men's program director on future training camps, domestic and international meets. Gymnasts performance and behavior discussed and noted-Vidmar will discuss it with the Athletes/ Athletes Council. Watanabe reviewed a prepared handout. Clarifica tion of:

Participants at American Cup Senior training camp: date, atten-

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dance, this camp is mandatory for WGC athletes. There will be an intersquad meet for compulsory routines-bring in NAL's Triangular meet details Coaches seminar : date was changed from February to June Dual meet with Romania Olympic Festival MPC APPROVED changing the

selection to 5th place down in rank order

USA Championships WGC training camp will be in December 1995 schedule Watanabe recommend to reinstate Winter Cup and training camp format and use this meet for selection to the Pan American games. Recommendation from MPC that Watanabe is to write up proposals with rationale.

MPC recommendation that 36 Seniors, and 12 Juniors compete in the Coca-Cola Championships with 2 juniors added per rotation. The MPC requested split sessions: 2 Women's events/3 Men's Events in the event finals. (This was presented to TV and rejected by same) Review of calender of events with all events being declined except the competition in Cottbus -

Offer in rank order-APPROVED-and the Goodwill Games. Declined-Venezuela, China Cup, Romania, World of Stars, Tunisia, Ivory Coast, Golden Sands

VI. Rule Changes Report by technical directors on suggested technical changes to the rules

now in use by the Federation. Discussion developed relative to whether the additional requirements have made any marked difference in interna tional development. Meade pointed out that we need to meet again-Committee agreed to meet both nights after competition at 10:00 PM. Meetillg adjourned 9:31pm. February 4, Meeting Reconvened at 9:04 p.m.

Roll: All persons present except P. Vidmar. (C. Voorsallger attellding ill his p7ace)

V. Cont. Watanabe-Re: selection of coaches to Brisbane. Suggests selecting coaches from the two highest all-around gymnasts. Reasoning: most of the group will be all-around gymnasts. MOTION - F. Allen SECOND - T.Daggett PASSED

Discussion ensued regarding coaches from NCAA programs-what's the procedure? After all the gymnasts have been selected for the event they will get together with their coaches and decide on the coaches for the meet.

VI. Cont. Watanabe: NGJA interpretation book p.3 item15, repetition of a compulsory part interpretation-Discussion: we need to protect the top gymnasts vs. the 3rd year of the compulsories we should go by the FIG. Suggest to get it changed at the international level, no action taken. Discussed the need for theone-touch warm-up at the national level. Discussion: Roethlisberger will get the feeling of the coaches regarding the warm-up. Discussion of competing in Olympic order ... even with less than three groups. Daggett will take on the

Men's Minutes

task of finding out about the whole issue of making our competition more similar to international format. Watanabe expressed his concern regarding compulsory elements: floor pattern, vault catch, ring handstand. He wi ll prepare materials for Roetzheim to present to FIG committee. Also, the need to reevaluate the whole optional additiona l requirements. Daggett requested interpretation on the HB mount. Roetzheim will present everything to the FIG for interpretation. Watanabe will present all the new information at the May training camp. Mizoguchi: Jr. NAL's -changes and movement of people to new positions, has acceptance letters-discussion of NAL evaluation followed. Mizoguchi: the selection of judges for the J.O. National Championships has become confusing and ambiguous, the R & P is unclear, requested some revision of the policy, discussion followed, result: the committee agreed to put the responsibility in the hands of the Jape. Discussion followed regarding the triangular and dual meets, result: selections will be based on rank order placement.

VII. Grants Review Review of the grant program portion of the strategic plan and athlete funding (restructure) in general. An additional MPC meeting at the BOD meeting will be arranged . Discussion of the current grant program and funding followed. Motion to award money based on placement. MOTION - T. Daggett SECOND - K. Mazeika PASSED

A subcommittee was formed to de-

velop a working draft for changes to the strategic plan: Vidmar, Roethlisberger, Mazeika.

VIII. Recommendations On MPC Reorganization

Mclntyre: need to have additional standing committees to address a lotof the problems and allow the MPC to be a strategic group rather than an administrative group, utilize the collective intelligence of the gymnastics community, discussion followed: the distinct need for MPC to operate smoothly and involve individuals outside the group. Discussion followed. Mark Yancey (guest) : will bring written ideas to the next meeting. Meade: revisit S. Keswick's letter, the committee agreed this was within the area of the subcommittee under item VII.

IX. Planning Proposal Discussion on Ron Brant's Planning Proposal. The MPC agreed this item will fall into M. Yancey' area of work.

X. Budget Men's Budget for 1994 was discussed. Motion made to table the Men's budget until a Program Director is hired and in place. MOTION - F. Roethlisberger SECOND - F. Allen PASSED

Motion to Adjourn 01:05pm) MOTION - T. Daggett SECOND - D. McIntyre PASSED

Other Listed Agenda Items: XI. Planned format for the Coca

Cola National Championships, Nashville, TN.

Addressed in national office report. XII. Potential problems for

Goodwill Games Athletes in

regard to U.S. Nationals 12.5 weeks downtime I-Addressed in previous discussion.

Future FIG Position (Bill's replacement)- Discussion. Roetzheim: nothing has been done. The future of Men's Gymnastics (NCAA, clubs, aTe, funding same)-Not Addressed Old business-Not Addressed New business-Not Addressed

2/5/ 94 Meeting reconvened a t 9:42 PM

Selection of six man team for Brisbane Discussion regarding the 4th all around and two specialists (O'Neill, Sohn). Motion that the 4th Place all-around, 2 specialists (Mark Sohn, Paul O'Neill) be selected to complete the six man team to the WGC in Brisbane. MOTION - F. Allen SECOND - K. Mazeika PASSED

Discussiol1: the coaches' selection is still not clear, the all-around coach can work with the athletes on more events, published selection procedure indicates the selection of the individual specialist coach, we cannot wait until the NCAA selection of teams to decide coachesvisas and so forth, discussion followed. Coaches and athletes will make the final decision as agreed upon in earlier discussion. Discussion developed regarding the use of regional qualifying meets for the USA Championships. The national office is to research possible sites and dates and distribute the qualifying procedures. Daggett: commended Meade for conduct of the Winter Cup under the unusual circumstances. The meetillg was cOlleluded. 10:31 PM MST Submitted by Bill Mende, Februnnj 16, 1994

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I (; A 34

Since there were expressions of concern on the part of the media- journalists and TVrep res en ta ti ves present regarding the difficulty of the competition regulations, judging rules, and maintenance of the compulsory exercises, the president cordially invited the various media representatives to be present at a future basic judges' course, as well as a coaching seminar in order to learn about the regulations and philosophies of the world's best coaches and technicians . Due to time restraints, the President then addressed only the essential opinions of the FIG /WTC regarding the issues at hand.

The concepts favored by the FIG/WTC for the World Championships after 1996 were illustrated by transparency as follows:

• WC at the same time every year in spring (preferably April), except in the year of the OG

• Full program of C-Ia, Ib, II and III in the uneven years, i.e. 1997 and 1999

• C-II and III carried out in the even year, i.e . 1998, however, excluding the year of the OG

• Retention of the compulsory exercises with the delay of validity in the next cycle until January 1, 1998 to 2001

• Return to the team format of competition in C-Ia.

She then elaborated further the rationale for the above position by the WTe.

Maintenance of the compulsory program is desirable for the following reasons:

• To control, guarantee and insure one qualifica tion standard for all member federations

• To equalize the playing field, allowing gymnasts from the various continents to enter the world competitive scene with an opportu-

L-__ ~ ____ ~ ____ _ FIG Report

ESSENCE OF REMARKS

BY THE

FIG/WTC PRESIDENT FIG Colloquium, November 1993

A licante, Spain

nity to be evaluated on the same basis

• To insure safety and competition readiness

• To guide the progressive development of body movement, elements and connections

Without the compulsory program, there must be some form of qualification. No qualifying competition is ever performed before a "full house" of specta tors. Whether it be compulsories or optionals to qualify, the predominant ticket sales and media coverage have always occurred at the Final Competition, where the clear winners are declared.

With only high optional standards for qualification and the reduction of the number of athletes allowed to compete in the various phases of WCs, the highly developed teams and athletes will be given the advantage to "run away" with the field. The gymnasts from the smaller and less developed nations may then fall farther and farther behind, never being able to catch up to the dominant leaders, who will take the places of qualifica tion.

Many federations may loose programs due to lack of fund-

ing from their NOCs and sponsors, due to the less desirable results when competing an optional only program. The opportunity and development that we have witnessed up until now would be stifled. It is possible to have a situation in which the greater majority of affiliated federations present and voting in the General Assembly will have had no gymnasts competing in an FIG We.

Those with longevity in the FIG know that the proposal to establish a "B" World Championships for the middle and lower field has already been thoroughly debated during the 1978-80 Congresses. For lack of support, this solution was dropped.

The return to presentation of the compulsories in the team format will encourage a national spirit, a strategy of team competition necessary with the new rule of 7 athletes, 6 competing and 5 scores counting toward the team total in each event. A compulsory format similar to the OG program in 1972, consisting of designated progressive elements, allowing the combination, connections and national character of the composition to be created


by the individual federations, could be revived. An enthusiastic, exciting and suspenseful program for specta tors and TV could be staged.

In the past, the media has always concentrated on the team rivalries and resulting rank order, as is the focus of the results and medal count at the OG. The retention of the compulsory program would also serve to protect the Olympic Games competition format, the number of athletes and medal distribution permitted by the IOC, which is so favorable to our popular sport.

Qualification on a continental basis would cause great difficulties for several continental areas. Not all the continental unions have been able to develop competitive standards, conditions, methods of organiza tion and the financial means in comparison to the European Union which has had a lucrative TV contract and nurtured sponsor relationships for some time already.

In conclusion, the President stated that there is agreement that the FIG has a highly marketable commodity. The FIG/ WTC believes that the new compulsory format can be sold to sponsorship and TV. They believe that it is the FlG's responsibility to lead the design of the world competition program toward a consistent annual format, which allows the developing continents to enter qualified athletes and teams directly to the We. The FIG must be responsible for the development and guidance of junior and senior gymnasts not only in Europe, but in Asia, Africa, America and Oceania. The WTC intends to give all continents our full support for equal opportunity to develop. The choices and decisions to be made in Geneva in 1994 for competitions beyond 1996 must serve the devoted and enthusiastic world membership of FIG.

Respectfully submitted for the FIG/WTC

Jackie K. Fie, President

Rhythmic Minutes

RHYTHMIC TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

Colorado Springs, CO • February 12-13, 1994

I. Roll Call Members Present: Candace Feinberg, Chairman Andrea Schmid, FIG rep. Norma Zabka, Vice President for Rhythmic Gymnastics Helena Greathouse, Judges rep. Diane Massad, Judges rep. Nora Campbell, Rhythmic Program Director (non-voting) absent: Ellen Nyemcsik (weather problem)

II. Organization The committee finalized organization of a training camp following the Rhythmic Challenge.

III. FIG Report Schmid gave the FIG report. (see FIG minutes) 1. Olympic judges will be selected

by the FIG Technical Committee based upon international score results .

2. There will be 20 judges at the Olympic Games.

3. The FIG Technical Committee is currently evaluating (by video) the results of the 1993 World Championships.

4. The FIG Technical Committee acknow ledges some problems with the current code and is working to improve these problems for the next Code.

5. Schmid stated that every USA judge who judged an international competition in 1993 received a letter acknowledging results.

6. In the future international judge assignments will be highly scrutinized by the FIG Technical Committee and the USA goal should be for all judges to receive a 9.00+ rating.

IV. Scherrer Request A letter submitted by Jackie Scherrer requesting a change of assignment was discussed and the committee

determined that the response by Campbell was appropriate and defined the committee's philosophy.

V. Competitions Greathouse submitted a number of concerns that were discussed at length. 1. Competition organizers must be

specific via a contract with the judges with regard to financial compensation. The contract is binding, and a judge has the right of refusal if all components are not adequately addressed. This led to the conclusion that when a judge accepts a competition via a contract, they are obligated to adhere to the contract. Likewise, the organizers must create a contract that stipulates all time requirements and financial aspects. Competitions must be organized to insure that judges are given adequate meal time. Some competitions involve too many competitors and levels and this makes it impossible for a judge to perform effectively.

VI. Test Results, Elections The committee addressed the letter from Greathouse concerning issues regarding judges test results and elections. Campbell addressed this issue.

1. Hiring an outside firm to report the results from a small number of people is cost prohibitive. There would be no problem with USA President receiving ballots in the future. (The results of the election for RTC obviously caused some of these questions. Campbell is willing to release specific election data, but feels this would compromise all future elections.)

2. Test results are scored by the Rhythmic Program Assistant by virtue of a test result scorecard. Test results are sent to each judge and tests are maintained in a USA Gymnastics data file for a suitable period of time.

3. Theresultsofthetake-hometests that all judges received were never recorded- it's a pass/fail system. In fact, the results helped to identify those questions that the majority of the responding judges did not agree with.

4. Designing a test that can be machine analyzed defeats the whole purpose of the written test.

5. Rhythmicjudgesadvanceprimarily by written test. If the judges want to include a video judgment they must understand that the resulting process will be more expensive. The current system of requiring a judge to advance to National level ranking by personally judging a National level competition is appropriate at this time.

VII. Judges Report Form The International Judges Report Form was submitted for approval. APPROVED - 5-0

VIII. USA Judges Protocol The Committee reaffirmed 1993 Feinberg document sent to all judges and coaches and addressed the following:

If coaches desire a routine review (an explanation of score) immediately following a competition, this must be built into the competition schedule as a separate session and judges should be compensated appropriately. In other words judges are not expected or required to give individual evaluations following a competition. If the organizer desires such a session, this must be built into the competition schedule and be a part of the judges' contract.

1994

IX. Proposal PROPOSAL: When Brevet judges are in range, the score stands. If Brevet judges are not in range, the head judge has the option of calling for a base score. PASSED -5-0

X. Judge Evaluations The 1992 USA Judges' evaluation will again be administered in 1994 and sent to all National judges and coaches. Peer evaluations prove to be very effective.

XI. Junior Olympic Judging Details of the JO Judging system for 1995 will be confirmed at the Rhythmic Teclmical Committee meeting at the Olympic Festival in July.

XII. Training Video The Judges' Training Video for Level 9-10 will be available by September, 1994.

XIII. Judge Training A 2-hour judges' training session (using videos) will be required before the National Championships and Olympic Festival.

XIV. RTC Stucture Campbell presented a proposal for a change of the RTC structure which would add three (3) judges to the committee in order to better distribute the amount of work that will be coming to the committee. Proposal will be discussed further and finalized at the next committee meeting.

Next meeting at Olympic Festival, 1994.

Respectfully submitted, Nora Campbell Rhythmic Program Director

RHYTHMIC NA.TIONA.L CHA.MPIONSHIPS

May 22, 1994 2:00 pm to 4:00 pm

May 29, 1994 2:00 pm to 4:00 pm

on CBS!


I ., A. 35

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Rhythmic Minutes

RHYTHMIC PROGRAM COMMITTEE

Colorado Springs, CO

Februanj 13-14, 1994

I. Roll Call Members Present: Candace Feinberg, Chairman Andrea Schrrtid, FIG rep. Norma Zabka, Vice President for Rhythmic Gymnastics Marina Davidovich, Coaches rep. Lana Lashoff, Coaches rep. Maureen Broderick, JOPC rep. Nora Campbell, Rhythmic Program Director (non-voting) absent: Wendy Hilliard, Athlete rep.

II. Office Report 1. Zabka reviewed the status of the

search for USA Gymnastics President.

2. Campbell reviewed the new developmental materials available; described the eating disorder video in production; announced that Safety Certification courses would be offered at the JO Championships and National Championships; showed the 1994 Media Guide; discussed USA Gymnaestrada plans; described the USA Gymnastics On-line w ith Delphi program.

III. International Summary Campbell reviewed the summary of 1993 International competition results.

IV. FIG Report Schmid gave the FIG Report. (see Rhythmic Technical COl1l1lllttee milllltes and FIG Rhythmic TecJJ/lical Committee min lites)

V. RTC Report Feinberg ga ve the Rhythrrtic Technical Committee report. (see RTC milliltes)

VI. USA Group (Karyn Glover in attendance) 1. Campbell reviewed the progress

made in 1993 and the 1994-96 plan. 2. The 1994 plan was approved as

follows: May May 21-22 June 14·30 July 1-5 July 6-Aug. 25 Aug. 26·30 Aug. 31·Sept. 19 Sept. 20·0cl. 3

Team announced (via letter) Physical testing in Atlanta Training camp, Colorado Springs Olympic Festival exhibition Training camp, site TBD Home Training camp, Lake Placid Vogel group competition, training in Holland

Ocl. 4 to Paris for World Championships Ocl. 28-30 Gymnaestrada 3. Applica tionsfor1994GroupTrain

ing Camps (for 1995 group choreography) will be included in com-

petition packets for all Level 9 & 10 gymnasts and Level 8 gymnasts who qualify to the JO Championships.

4. Graciella Yanes has been hired as Head Coach for the 1994 World Championships Group Team.

5. Yanes will be given final authority for determining the number and names of athletes invited to the World Championships Training camp in consultation with Karyn Glover and Nora Campbell.

6. Yanes will attend both qualifying events, the JO Championships and the Na tional Championships to review athlete readiness for Group competition.

7. Yanes w ill be charged w ith selecting an assistant coach and team manager for the 1994 World Championships Group Team. These positions will be based upon past international group competitive experience. Contracts will be approved by Campbell and will require attendance from June 14-0ctober 11.

8. Application for a USOC Peak Proposal grant will be made for 1995. Funding would be used to bring a top international group to train w ith the USA Group team for a one month period in 1995.

9. USA Group competition w ill be held in conjunct ion w ith the Gymnaestrada in 1994 and details will be developed for future years. The October schedule of the Gymnaestrada was viewed as an ideal time for group competition because it does not directly conflict with the individual competitive season.

10. The four year plan calls for USA International groups to be selected via competitions beginning in 1997.

VII. USOC High Performance Plan Campbell described the procedure USA Gymnastics will use for developing the USOC High Performance Plan which will be directly tied to future USOC funding.

VIII . USOC Operation Gold Campbell described the USOC Operation Gold Program, a financial incentive for athletes. The current plan includes a $1,000 Performance Improvement Award that is available to disci-

plines that finish above the previous best-place finish in the World Championships (in non-Olympic years) and the Olympic Games (1996).

IX. Event Calendar Campbell distributed the proposed ca lendar of events: 1995* Rhythmic Challenge

*Qualifying Events Feb. 17-1B May 13-14, May 20-21

*Junior Olympic Championships May 27-29 ' National Championships June 16-18

' bids are now open for these events 1996 The 1996 schedule will depend upon the FIG

World Championships schedule which will be determined at the May FIG Congress.

X. Pan American Games The 1995 Pan American Games selection procedures were approved. (see 1994 March/April issue o/liSA Gymllastics)

XI. USA International Competition

Campbell described the proposed USA International Rhythmic Competition which could be held in the Fall of 1994 immediately following the World Championships. This event, as yet untitled, would be a televised event.

XII. Selection Events Approved selection events for Individual International Competitions are as follows: 1994 National Championships -Four Continents (3

seniors, 4 juniors) 1994 Olympic Festival - World Championships (1

Senior) 1995 Rhythmic Challenge - Pan American Games

(3/ 4 Seniors) 1995 National Championships - World University

Games (2 Seniors) 1995 Olympic Festival· World Championships (3·4

Seniors) 1996 National Championships · Olympic Trials 1996 Olympic Trials -Olympic Games # depending

upon qualification) XIII. 1994 International

Assignments March 11-13

Opal Cup:

Coach: Judge:

April 2-3 Budapest:

Coach: Judge:

April 8·10 Portugal:

Coach:

Judge: April 9·10

Venissieux:

Coach: Judge:

April 15-17 DTB-Pokal:

Coach:

Judge: May 13-15

Corbeil:

Caroline Hunt Lori Fredrickson Irina Vdovets Diane Massad'

Caroline Hunt Irina Vdovets Helena Greathouse'

Challen Sievers Solly Ward Natalie Lacuesta Tina Tharp Lana Lashoff Effrosina Angelova Rosa litva'

Tamara Levinson Jessico Davis Catherine Yakhimovich Karyn Glover'

Tamara Levinson Jessica Davis Catherine Yakhimovich Jan Exner No judge allowed

Tamara Levinson


August 2

Jessica Davis Caroline Hunt

Coach: Catherine Yakhimovich Judge: Allo Svirsky*

Goodwill Games: Tamara Levinson Coach: Catherine Yakhimovich Judge: TBD'

*selected by Judges Selection Committee

XIV. Olympic Festival, Rhythmic Challenge

3 events will be competed on Day 1,2 events on Day2 for both the 199401ympic Festiva l and the 1995 R11ythmic Challenge.

XV. National Proposals PROPOSAL: AJunior elite (Level 10) athlete may compete at either Level 9 or 10 in the year she becomes a Senior. PASSED- 6-0

XVI. International Proposals PROPOSAL: Athletes assigned to 1994 International competitions in March, April and May of 1994 will automatically qualify to the National Championships. PASSED- 6-0

XVII. Petitions PETITION: From Chau Pham - Permission to compete at National Championships on Day 1 only in order to try to qualify for Level 10; as a Canadian citizen, she will be attending the Canadian Regionals on the same weekend. PASSED- 6-0

XVIII. Equipment Failures PROPOSAL: At the National Championships, Challenge and Trials events, if an apparatus breaks, the gymnast is entitled to repeat the routine. PASSED- 6-0

XIX. 1994 Olympic Festival Program for the 1994 Olympic Festival is as follows: Seniors: Competition III rules Juniors: B difficulties required of which there must be

• A pivot, A leap, A balance (natural ele· ments) • B pivot, leap, balance (natural elements). • Bonus for risk (0.10) • bonus for extra difficulty 10.10)

XX. Training Camps Proposed 1994 Training Camps (dates depeHdillg "POll approval from USOC-OTCJ

August 6-11 Junior Olympic August 11·16 Level 9-10 Juniors August 16·21 Level 9·10 Seniors

XXI. National Team Training Camp

Discussion about past problems with a mandatory National Team training camp ended w ith a decision that su ch a camp was in the best interest of the Na tional program and every effort must be made to obta in permission from Na tional Team coaches to allow athletes to attend a national team camp. July was determined to be a good time. Campbell will work to organize camr for 1994.

Next meeting at Olympic Festival. Respectfully sltbmitted, Nora Campbell Rhythmic Program Director

1. OPENING OF THE ASSEMBLY Mrs. Abruzzini, Chairman of the TC/RSG/FIG, welcomed all the delegates and most particularly the President of the International Federation, Mr. Yuri Titov, the Secretary General, Mr. Norbert Bueche and the following members of the Executive Committee and Union Presidents who were present: Mr. Jim Barry, Mrs. Slava Corn, Mr. Hans-Jurgen Zacharias, Mr. Feng Jibai, Mr. Nicolae Vieru, Mr. Ivan Weber, Mr.Jesus Orozco, Mr. Karl-Heinz Zschocke, Mr. Mohamed Lazhari, Mr. William Torres and Mr. Claus Lotz. Also present were Mr. Nicola Grouchine, Mr. Nicola Hadjiev and Dr. Michel Leglise.

Before starting the meeting, Mrs. Abruzzini reminded members of the Assembly of those former members of the TC/RSG/FIG who had passed away during the last year: Mrs. Abad, Mrs. Cerna, Mrs. Foerster and the last RSG world champion, Oksana Kostina. She asked the Assembly to hold a minute's silence in their memory.

2. ROLLCALLOFTHEDELEGATES

AND VERIFICATION OF POW

ERS Mrs. Maria Szyszkowska called the roll. A voting paper was distributed to each delegate. The following federations were represented by one or more delegates: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Belorus, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, China People's Republic, Chinese Taipei, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Indonesia, Iceland, Israel, Italy,Japan, Korea Rep Pop. Dem, Korea Rep, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States.

3. FORMATION OF THE COMMIT

TEE OF TELLERS The Committee was made up as follows: Mrs. Andrea Schmid, Chairman,

Mrs. Heide Bruneder (AUT) and Mrs. Elen Connor (CAN), tellers.

4. ApPROVAL OF THE AGENDA After a few explanations given by Mrs. Abruzzini, the agenda was approved unanimously.

5. ApPRO V AL OF THE MINUTES

FIG/RSG/TC Report

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS Technical Assembly Minutes of the Meetings held in Alicante, Spain

November 1 and 2, 1993

OF THE 1992 TECHNICAL As

SEMBLY HELD IN SALOU The Minutes were approved unanimously.

6. PRESENTATION OF THE RE

PORT OF THE CHAIRMAN OF

THE TC/RSG/FIG The report had been drawn up in May and published in Bulletin No. 157. During the period between the months of May and November, no official FIG event had taken place, except the series of judges' courses mentioned in the report. To supplement that information, Mrs. Abruzzini announced that 28 courses had taken place with the participation of more than 600 RSG judges. 98 judges had obtained the second degree brevet, and more than 400 judges had received the first degree brevet. On October 30 and 31, the seminar had taken place for the attribution of the third degree brevet. Taking part in this were the members of the TC, former member of the TC Doris Su tter and the following 6 judges: Mrs. Heide Bruneder, Mrs. Barbara Manser, Mrs. Tamara Bompa, Mrs. Jolanda Sap, Mrs. Ludmila Ahlin and Mrs. Lisbeth Gothberg. All the judges had received the third degree brevet.

7. TECHNICAL QUESTIONS

A. Initial balance sheet of the application of the 1993 Code of Points Mrs. Abruzzini remarked that during the first part of the year no official FIG competition had taken place, but there had been several tournaments, of which one was very important both in terms of participation and of the

technical level of the gymnasts. It is nevertheless possible to dra w up an initial balance sheet. Generally speaking, the balance sheet had been positive with respect to composition requirements (i.e .. on the matter of judging). The experience of the i\licante Championships would be very important in confirming this impression. However, the TC/RSG/FIG -which had already noted that it would be possible to make improvements in the 1997 Code of Points - invited all delegates to send in their observations and remarks to the TC in order to help them in this work.

B. Group Program Mrs. Abruzzini announced officially to the Assembly that the IOC had accepted group competitions for the Olympic Games This important success had been due both to the work of President Yuri Titov and to the excellent RSG show given at Barcelona. The conditions laid down by the IOC were as follows: a. The number of individual

gymnasts was set at a maximum of 40.

b . The number of groups was set at 8, each to be composed of a maximum of 6 gymnasts, including replacement gymnasts

C. The number of judges should be reduced

d. The Atlanta Organizing Committee should accept the new program

Some brief comments were made on these conditions, including the attribution of a place in the groups to the federation of the country organizing the Olympic


Games (the United States),alongside the 5 individual places reserved for the continental champions. The attention of the Assembly then turned to the problem of the number of gymnasts for the group exercises. According to the TC/RSG/FIG, the possibilities were as follows: 1. Number of individual gym

nasts: 40 Number of groups: 8-6 gymnasts for each group

- program: 2 exercises with 6 gymnasts (without the possibility of replacing an injured gymnast)

2. Number of individual gymnasts: 32 Number of groups: 8-7 gymnasts for each group

- program: 2 exercises with5 gymnasts (with the possibility of replacing an injured gymnast)

3. The number of individual gymnasts: 40 Number of groups: 8-6 gymnasts for each group (with the possibili ty of replacing an injured gymnast)

The TC/RSG/FIG, taking account of the fact that the program with 6 gymnasts is very well known, decided to consider fa voring the exercise with 5 gymnasts. Mrs. Kamo Yoshiko, responSible for groups, showed delegates a number of videos made in Japan and Italy featuring exercises with a single type of apparatus and exercises with two types of apparatus (with 5 gymnasts). After the films and some supplementary information given by Secretary General Bueche about the IOC requirements, a very broad and interesting discussion took place, including various remarks which gave rise to additional suggestions. Mr. Yuri Titov, president of the FIG, emphasized the importance of respecting the experience of 30 years of activity and proposed that the federations should be given the choice of composing exercises with either 6 gymnasts or 5 gymnasts. Mrs. Bompa (CAN) proposed that the program with 5 gymnasts should be accepted, but that only one type of apparatus should be used for each exercise. Mrs. Luhtanen (FIN) proposed that the number of individual gymnasts should be increased to 50 and the number of groups reduced. Mrs. Kubiliene (L TU) proposed that the number of 40 individual gymnasts should be retained, but that a group program should be composed which would contain

I

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FIG/RSG/TC Report

an exercise for 5 gymnasts and an exercise for 6 gymnasts. Mr. Willam (GER) proposed that the number of individual gymnasts should be reduced to 32 and that the traditional program should be retained, i.e. 6 gymnasts for each exercise wi th one replacement gymnast. Mrs. Roberti (BEL) also spoke, proposing that the traditional program should be retained without replacement gymnasts, while the delegate of Spain accepted the suggestion of Mrs. Kubiliene. As a result of the discussion, a number of proposals were aired in add ition to those which had been put forward by the TC. Mrs. Abruzzini suggested that the Assembly should reflect a little longer and take a decision only when Item 9 of the Agenda (on the proposals themselves) came up for discussion.

C. The problem of music The problem of musical accompaniment was again d iscussed. There were proposals from federations concerned with this problem (CAN and JPN), as well as interesting studies and research items, but nothing definitive. Mrs. Abruzzini illustrated an Italian research project for evaluating the association between music and movement by means of a video computer. This was an interesting study, but something for the future. Mrs. Luhtanen (FIN), who had already brought this question forward at the 1992 Congress, expressed her sa tisfaction. Mrs. Bruneder (AUT) expressed doubts on the subject of judges' competence for music The TC/RSG/FIG intended to continue its studies on this.

8. WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS

A. PARIS 1994 (World Group Championships, plus Individual Competitions II and III)

The floor was given to Dr. Michel Leglisewho illustrated the innovations for the Paris Championships which were still being studied: • an RSG mat on a podium • the jury outside the competition area • the Championships to be held over 4 days, 2 days for the finals • a 30-minute gala to close the Championships Mr. Magakian and Mrs. Muller provided information on the conditions for carrying out the Championships.

B. SEOUL 1994 (Four Continents Championships) The delegate of the Republic of Korea, Mrs. Kim, provided the following

information: • location of the Championships: Olympic Gymnastics Hall; • date: June 9-12 (arrival of the delegations: June 5); • an RSG mat according to FIG standards.

C. VIENNA 1995 (World Individual and Groups Championships to qualify for the Olympic Games) Mrs. Bruneder provided initial information on organization questions and said that Vienna would be in a position and would be happy to organize group qualification competitions as well

D. BUDAPEST 1996 (World Group Championships and Individual Competitions II and III)

Mrs. Abruzzini invited delegates to consider and to ask their trainers whether it would be possible to carry out this Championship before the Olympic Games rather than after, as at present planned The problem was to find out whether gymnasts would be able to prepare themselves both for the Championship and for the Olympic Games, particularly since European gymnasts also had the European Championships with which to contend. A definitive answer to this will be given in Geneva in May 1994. Mrs. Patocska (HUN) gave provisional information.

9. PROPOSALS BY THE FIG AUTHORITIES MRS. ABRUZZINI REMARKED THAT THESE

PROPOSALS CONCERNED THE T ECHNICAL R EGULATIONS AND THAT THEREFORE

THE ASSEMBLY HAD ONLY A CONSULTATIVE STATUS ANY VOTES TAKEN WOULD

HAVE TO BE RATIFIED IN G ENEVA.

First proposal The proposal published in Bulletin No. 158 had been modified since the RSG

events at the Olympic Games would take p lace over 4 days The new proposal was as follows:

I NDIVIDUAL COMPETITIONS

Qualification: 1995 World Championships Competition I (on 3 apparatus) Qualification of 40 gymnasts (maximum 2 per country)

Competitions: First day: Participation: Program:

Second day: Participation: Program:

Will qualify:

Third day: Participation: Program:

Fourth day: Participation: Program:

Title awarded:

Qualifying competition for the semi-finals The 40 qualified gymnasts 2 apparatus per gymnast according to the requirements for competition III at the World Championships

Qualifying competition for the semi-finals The 40 qualified gymnasts 2 apparatus per gymnast according to the requirements for competition III a t the World Championships The top 20 gymnasts of the two days of qualifica tion

Semi-finals The top 20 gymnasts from the qualifying competitions 4 apparatus per gymnast according to the requirements for competition III at the World Championships

Finals The top 10 gymnasts from the semi-final 4 apparatus per gymnast according to the requirements for competition III at the World Championships Olympic Champion

There will be no carry-over scores.

GROUP COMPETITION

Qualification: 1994 World Championships: 1995 World Championships:

12 groups will qualify Qualifica tion of 8 groups from the above 12 groups

Competition Third day: Participation: Program:

Will Qualify:

Fourth day: Participation: Program:

Title awarded:

Qualifica tion competition for the fina ls The 8 groups to have qualified 2 exercises according to the requirements of the World Championships The top 6 groups

Finals The top 6 groups from the qualifying competitions 2 exercises according to the requirements of the World Championships Group Olympic Champion

There will be no carry-over scores. Mrs. Bruneder (AUT) proposed that the group qualification requirements should be modified as follows:

Qualification: 1994 World Championships: 16 groups will qualify 1995 World Championships: Qualification of8 groups from the above 16 groups The Assembly unanimously approved the proposal with the modification proposed by AUT Mr. Willam (GER) underlined that the system proposed would be tiring for the gymnasts Mrs. Abruzzini remarked that the gymnasts could execute an identical program at the World Championships.

Second proposal Modifica tion to Art. 12.1 .2. of the Technical Regulations Calculation of the score for group exercises by taking the mathematical average of the 4 middle scores. The proposal was approved unanimously. The standard will enter into force on January 1, 1994.


FIG/RSG/TC Report

Third proposal Modification to Art. 6.3 of the Technical Regulations and consequences: Rhythmic Sportive Gymnastics/Group Competition Exercises Mrs. Abruzzini summarized the 5 proposals which had emerged from the morning's discussions. The first proposal put to the vote was that of the FIG authorities:

Group: 6 gymnasts Program: 2 exercises with 5 gymnasts

The proposal was approved with 29 votes in favor and 14 against

Fourth Proposal Competition Hall-Modification to Art 7.7.2 of the Technical Regulations. The TC/RSG/FIG presented a proposal which had been modified with respect to the one published. The new proposal gave organization committees and the TC/RSG / FIG the possibility of establishing the number and disposition of mats in the competition hall according to suitability and necessity.

The proposal was approved unanimously. Mrs. Hitzel (USA) requested information about RSG/FIG mats. In replying, Mr. Bueche explained the way in which FIG approves mats.

Fifth proposal The calendar of group qualification for the Olympic Games The calendar was corrected according to the modification proposed by AUT (qualification of 16 groups for the 1994 World Championships) The proposal was approved unanimously.

10. PROPOSALS BY THE FEDERATIONS The majority of these proposals concerned the Code of Points. Mrs. Abruzzini and the TC thanked the federations for the suggestions contained in their proposals. These had been studied and taken into consideration in view of bringing the next Code of Points up-to-date. o Proposal by BUL (Bulletin No. 158, p. 140)

The bonus for risk taking should be awarded by the execution judges Mrs. Shishkova (BUL) stated the reasons in favor of the proposal. The proposal was approved by 41 in favor. The Assembly approved with 38 votes in favor the date for the entry into force of this standard: January 1, 1994

o Proposals 1- 6 by CAN (Bulletin No. 158 pp 140-144) The first six proposals by Canada concerned the Code of Points. They were very articulate and integrated: value of difficulties, their distribution in the competitions (I, II, III, individual and group, senior and junior), the bonus system, organization of the junior championships, judging methods and the tasks of the various levels of juries. The debate was very animated, since the proposals-which were considered interesting-also contained innovations. Mrs. Luhtanen (FIN) and Mrs. Bompa (CAN) spoke several times, and Mrs. Ystborg (NOR) and Mrs. Bruneder (AUT) also spoke. Mrs. Abruzzini stated that she encountered problems in organizing votes on proposals phrased in this way. Mrs. Bompa remarked that CAN had put forward the proposals not so much in view of a vote but of contributing to the development of the Code of Points. Mrs. Abruzzini thanked the Canadian Federation and assured the Assembly that the TC / RSG/FIG would study all the proposals very attentively with a view to bringing the Code of Points up-to-date. Mr. Zacharias stressed the importance of listening very carefully to suggestions which technicians from various countries might make to the FIG. o Proposal 7 was withdrawn o Proposal 8 by CAN (Bulletin No. 158, p. 145)

The last proposal by CAN concerned the organization of a gala at the end of the World Championships. This idea had already been tried out in Canada and in Finland. It was a good idea which would be carried out in Paris in 1994.

o Proposal 1 by FRA (Bulletin No 158, p . 145) Age of gymnasts Mrs. Abruzzini asked FRA if it would be prepared to withdraw its

proposal, given the fact that the present age limit had only come into force this year so that it would be possible to see what its effect would be. The delegate of FRA underlined the importance of this problem, but nevertheless agreed to withdraw the proposal.

o Proposal 2 by FRA (Bulletin No 158, p 81) The second proposal by FRA was a suggestion that a debate should be held on the possibility of using a podium, changing the position of the judges, etc. These questions had already been discussed under Item 8 (World Championships), and the general feeling on the matter had been positive.

o Proposal by JPN (Bulletin No. 158, p . 146) Modification of Appendix 5 of the Code of Points (junior gymnasts): a bonus of 0.10 to be awarded for good musical accompaniment.

Mrs. Abruzzini stated that she was in agreement with the reasons put forward by JPN in support of its proposal. Mrs. Delle Chiaie (ITA) and Mrs. Bruneder (AUT) spoke against the proposal. The proposal was rejected with 27 votes against. Mrs. Muller (FRA) reminded the Assembly thatitstill had to establish the program of the second group exercise. The following proposals were voted upon: a. 0 A single type of apparatus: 7 votes

o 2 types of apparatus: 33 votes The program with 2 types of apparatus was approved.

b. 0 4 balls plus 1 ribbon: 0 votes o 3 balls plus 2 ribbons: 27 votes o 2 balls plus 3 ribbons: 14 votes

The program with 3 balls plus 2 ribbons was approved. The program of 5 hoops and 3 balls plus 2 ribbons was valid for the 1995 Vienna World Qualifying Championships, as well as for the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games. The program would come into force as from January 1, 1995.

11. JUDGES Mrs. Abruzzini very briefly referred to the fact that she had already discussed the subject of inter-continental and continental judges' courses in her report She would like to stress once again the problem of the official documents for international competitions. Each year there were more than 50 international competitions and tournaments. This year alone there were more than 50 tournaments, but the FIG was still waiting for the official documents of almost half of them. In consequence, she requested delegates to be more vigilant on this matter when they returned to their countries. With respect to control judges, the TC/RSG/FIG send each year a set of documents to all federations in which judges are informed about the procedure for obtaining FIG brevets (1st, 2nd and 3rd degrees) and for confirming such brevets Information was also provided on the system for calculating judging scores and on serious judging faults which may lead to sanctions. This information was very useful for judges-so that they could avoid sanctions-and for federations-which could avoid having their judges sanctioned. Unfortunately, federations did not always pass on this information to their judges, which could have unfavorable consequences. The TC was not concerned only with sanctions, but with the system of 3 degrees of brevet it had also awarded satisfactory results to judges who had shown competence and who in 1992 had received a score of 9.00 for their judging. Six judges had taken part in the seminar for the 3rd degree brevet in the conditions laid down The list of judges possessing a 3rd degree brevet would be brought up-to-date every 2 years, as provided for in the Technical Regulations. At the end of the Assembly, Mrs. Abruzzini thanked all the delegates and the FIG authorities who were present, and requested the Assembly to thank their friends, the interpreters, for their huge and magnificent work The next meeting would be in Geneva.

Rhythmic Gymnastics Technical Committee Egle Abruzzini, President Maria Szszkowska, Secretanj


I

" .A 39

I o A 40

Women's Minutes

WOMEN'S TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

January 15-16, 1994 • Colorado Springs, CO

Meeting was called to order and roll call was taken at 12:45 PM by acting Chair, Kathy Feldmann, NABC.

I. Roll Call Present: Region I Region II Region III Region IV Region V Region VI Region VII Region VIII NABC NAWGJ NJOPCoord. WPD

NEPCC

Absent:

Joanne Pasquale Karen Wisen Carol Bunge Linda Beran Carolyn Bowers Cindy Sielski Cheryl Hamilton Marian Dykes Kathy Feldmann Yvonne Hodge Connie Maloney Kathy Kelly (Saturday only) Roe Kreutzer (Saturday only)

WTCC Marilyn Cross NETC Audrey Schweyer NJOPCC Tom Koll NCAA Debbie Yohman

II. Correction To October 1993 Minutes

Correction to the minutes, as found on page 44 of the Nov./Dec. 1993 Technique: Balance Beam # 6 Answer -The ideal position (one leg extended horizontal or above, one leg in tuck) must be shown during the majority of the turn.

III. Women's Program Committee Conference Call

The WPC conducted a conference call on Monday, January 10 to discuss the issue of Flashing Start Values at J.O. State, Regional or National meets. Since this issue was unresolved due to a difference in opinion of the WTC and J.O. Program Committee, the following compromise was voted on by the WPC: That the flashing of Start Value be required at J.O. Nationals and that the State and Regional Boards decide on this issue for State and Regional meets. The WPC requested that the WTC establish procedures and guidelines in order that the meets are conducted efficiently. Recommendation to accept the proposed compromise of the wpc.

Motion - M. Dykes Second - C. Bunge PASSED The committee has formulated these procedures, which can be found as an addendum at the end of these minutes.

IV. Judges' Certification There has been much confusion as to the expiration of old Optional certifications and the fees to be paid for judges who have not re-certified at their previous level by December 31, 1993. The committee has prepared a document to be printed with these minutes to clarify the proced ures for the assignment and payment of officials. Recommendation to the Jr. Olympic Program Committee that certified skill evaluators and/or any JCII USGF certified judge be allowed to judge Level 4. Motion - M. Dykes Second - C. Bowers PASSED Note: The JOPC conducted a phone vote and agreed with the WTC's recommendation. This is effective immedia tel y.

V. Elite Program R. Kreutzer reviewed the proced ures for Elite competitions, qualifying scores and mobility for Regional Elite meets. (See attached Chart) Meeting adjourned at 2:45 in order for the committee members to attend compulson) training at the National Team training camp. Meeting reconvened at 7:00 PM.

VI. Elite Program (continued) Recommendation that each Regional Elite Board be responsible for establishing procedures for who determines Start Values at the Regional Elite meets. Motion - C. Sielski Second - K. Wisen PASSED Clarifica tion: For the 1994 Regional and Classic meets: a. The maximum time limit for the

FIG Elite compulsory Balance Beam is 1 minute, 45 seconds.

(No warning will be called to avoid possibility of injury due to rushing into the dismount).

b. FIGCompulsoryBarexercise:No deduction if the clear hip hecht to catch high bar is performed with legs together.

VII. Judges' Survey K. Kelly requested assistance from the WTC in formulating a questionnaire for the judges to establish facts regarding their educational needs and how they are being met, degree of involvement, and other concerns. The committee is requested to return their comments to the USGF office by March 1, 1994. Meeting adjourned at 10:10 PM. Meeting reconvened at 9:00amon Sunday, Januan) 16.

VIII. J. O. Technical Handbook Revisions

The committee reviewed the Handbook and made the following corrections/ additions to be included in the 2nd edition to be printed in the near future: The following corrections are effective immediately: Pg. 21 II. C Add to the last sentence

at end of paragraph before exception: "and satisfy special requirements."

Pg. 43 Uneven Bars: Delete I.B.1.b. 2nd example: Since the counterswing 1 I> turn drop to glide is listed as "A" in USGF Supplement (#56.110) and the back kip is listed in FIG Code (#7.108), this is not to be considered as one element.

Pg.46 Delete #9.a, b, c, and d . Pg. 47 LA. 1. Delete" If casts to hand

stand are only to horizontal, deduct each time 0.05".

Clarification for Beam and Floor Exercise when a series contains more than one Special Connection combination:

When the last element of the first Special Connection principle is also the first element of another Special Connection principle, each SC principle may be awarded the appropriate bonus. See example on pg. 97 #1.

Clarification for multiple principles existing in one directly connected series:

When more than one principle exists within a combination of elements, the middle element(s) may be considered for special connection bonus two times, but may not be used a third time.

Beam examples: 1. Cat leap 1/ 1 (C) + Front saito

from one foot (C) + Back saito tucked (B) use principle for Gym/ Acro C+C= +0.2 and Counter saltos C+B= +0.1 for a total of +0.3 in bonus.


2. Front Aerial (C) + Front saito from one foot (C) + Flic-flac (B) The following bonus principles exist in this combination: 12.5.4 Three flight acro elements, 12.5.3-2 flight acros with counter element and 12.5.2-forward saltos or aerials 12.5.4 C+C+B 12.5.3 C+B 12.5.2 C+C

= +0.1 = +0.1 = +0.2

Since the middle element (C-Front saito from one foot) may only be used two times, the maximum total bonus for Special Connections is +0.3 by using two of the three principles. Always award bonus to the advantage of the gymnast, so in this case you would use principles 12.5.2 plus either one of the other two principles.

Floor Exercise examples: Full twisting Front Handspring (C) + Switch-ring Leap (C) + Shushunova (C)

Acro/Gym C + C = +0.1 for Principle 13.5.3 Gym/Gym C + C = +0.1 for Principle 13.5.3

May not use Principle 13.5.4 - three different gym or gym/ acro since this combination does not alternate the gym and acro elements.

IX. Technical Questions and Answers

Bars: 1. What is the value of the follow

ing? a. Back Giant Circle with 1/2

(180°) to handstand with immediate 1 1/2 saito Backward tucked dismount = C

b. Forward Giant Circle with overgrip (wrong grip front giant) = D

c. Forward Stalder to handstand with overgrip (wronggrip front Stalder), also with 11> turn = D

d. Back Uprise to handstand with 1 I> turn in or after handstand or 1/1 turn after handstand = D

e. Back Uprise to handstand with 1/1 turn in handstand = E

2. Q: Clarify the value of the Backward Giants with 1 1/2 turn. A: All Backward Giants with 1 1 I> turn (in or after handstand) are "D's", with the exception of #2.504 which ends in an eagle grip (E).

The giant blind change (1/2 turn in handstand) that continues to i' healy (360°) turn as the downward part of next circle begins will be given the same Value (D) as the giant 1 1 I> turn that is continuous. If the Giant 11/2 turn continues into a forward giant to

handstand, the front giant is con-sidered as a separate element (C). Note: There has been much con-fusion regarding the evaluation of this element. The FIG Techni-cal Committee (FIG / TC) will be meeting in February and may possibly make a definite ruling regarding this element. Until such time, the value of "D" will be awarded.

Floor Exercise: 1. Q: What is the value of a Side

split jump (180°) with 360° turn (similar to Popa)? A: D

2. Q: What is the bonus awarded for the following Special Con-nection:

Indirect Acro Connection of two or more saltos- A + A + D

A: +0.1

X. J.O. Element Supplement Clarification: If any element in the J.O. Element Supplement is re-evaluated by FIG as a higher Value Part, the change would go into ef-feet immediately. If any elements are given a lower Value, then these changes would not go into effeet

Women's Minutes

until the start of the next competi- Clarification: Roll #56.110 the il- was distributed last year. A new text tive year (August 1). lustration depicts a chest roll for- using the new Code will be sent The committee reviewed the5upple- ward as in the FIG Compulsory within the next two weeks to the ment for changes and additions. A and is valued at "B". The" A" roll Sta te and Regional USGF Chairmen, new Supplement will be printed for begins like a traditional forward the State and Regional NAWq Di-the 1994-95 season; however, the roll, but is performed over the rectors, the RTC's and RC's. following change are effective im- shoulder. The next meeting is tentatively sched-mediately: Floor exercise uled in conjunction with the National Vault Clarification on page 47- "B" part Gymnastics Festival July 22-24,1994, Pg. 4 Add to GROUP 2 - "E" Vault #51.220 Tour Jete with liz turn to possibly in Colorado Springs. 52.510 I /z turn (180°) on - l /z turn land on ONE leg. This is different Meeting adjourned at 11:45 am. (180°) off with stretched 1 1/2 salta than the element which FIG has Approved by Allison Me/angton forward = 10.00 added to the Code-#1.314 (C) a Tour

Jete with liz tum to land on TWO Februanj 1994 Bars legs (5trug). Addendum: Change#4.326 to#6.311-elementwas listed in wrong group. XI. Judge' Training Videos JR. OLYMPIC PROCEDURES ADD dismounts: C. Maloney distributed a Level 8 FOR OPEN SCORING AND

Judges' Training video to the com- FLASHING START VALUES #58.325 Forward giant to forward mittee. A text with routine evalua- If a regional board elects to use open swing flyaway in stretched posi-

tion with 1 l /z twist = "C" tion will be completed within the scoring and / or flash Start Values or next month. These educational ma- if a Sta te Board elects to flash Start 58.412 Forward giant to forward terials will also be distributed free of Values (open scoring is not allowed swing flyaway in stretched posi- charge to the Regional Chairmen, at state meets), the following must tion with 2/ 1 twist = "D" Judges' Training Commission and be supplied:

58.413 Forward giant to forward the Regional N A WCJ Directors. The 1. A table (comparable to a card swing flyaway in stretched posi- video will be available for purchase table or larger) for each judge. tion with 2 1/2 twist = "D" by the State personnel and individu-DELETE "E" Dismount#S8.51O. This als wishing to practice judge. A Level 2. If Start Values are flashed, a two is in the new CODE as #8.405 = "D" . 9/ 10 Judges' Training video will be digit display unit is required for

Beam completed by the end of February. each official. If Open Scoring is

ADD 52.221 Tour Jete with 90° split The Level 8 and 9 Base Score video to being done, a three digit flasher = liB", be used a t Sectional and above meets is required for each official.

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I 0 A 41

Women's Minutes

Note: If both the score and the A previously rated Level 9 judge either one of the two parts at any A: There a re no directives on the start value are being flashed, each who has tested and achieved a level) may be assigned to local dimensions of the additional mat; official will need two separate Level 8 ra ting may be assigned to meets only in an emergency situ- however, itis recommended that flashing units. a Level 9 meet after group #1, if ation, and only with the approval it be as close to the same size of

3. The flashers should be labeled, necessary. (Group 2) of the State Chairman and/or the landing mat as possible.

indicating Start Value or Judge's 3. Those officials who, in the at- Regional Technical Chairman. 3. Q: Maya coach bring a home-score, unless the Start value tempt to tes t up to Level 9 or 10 8. Those officials who had a previ- made "sting mat" to a competi-flasher is displayed on the desk since June 1993, ha ve passed a t a ous rating, but have not tested tion? (not raised) . lower optional rating may be since June 1993, may be assigned A: ALL mats, including the skill

I 4. A separate four digit score flasher assigned after groups #1 and #2. to local meets only (up to the cushion or "sting" mats, MUST

" is required to flash the average Example: A previous Level 9 level of their previous rating) in be manufactured by a bona fide score. judge who has tested at Level 10 an emergency situation after all company that will assume prod-

A 5. An additional flasher is also nec- (but has passed with only a Level others have been considered and uct liability.

42 essary at vault to indicate the 9 rating) may be assigned to a only with the approval of the 4. Q: Up to 8"ofmatting is allowed.

number of the vault being per- Level 10 meet, only if necessary. State Chairman and/ or Regional Does this mean an extra 4" or 2" formed. A previous Level 8 judge who Technical Chairman. mat may be used, or must it be an

6. lt is recommended that a secre- has tested at Level 9 (but has passed with only a Level 8 rat- IMPORTANT NOTE: Not more than 8" skill cushion?

tary / scorekeeper be provided to 25% of the judging brigade (total A: ONE mat, no greater than 8" assist the Chief Judge with the ing), may be assigned to a Level

averages. 9 meet, only if necessary. (Group number of judges at the meet) may in thickness, may be used.

If Open Scoring and / or Start Values 3) come from categories four (4) 5. Q: May the coach pull out the 4"

are flashed, the following procedures 4. Those officials who have tested through eight (8). Judges must be mat and putin an8" skill cushion

must be adhered to: at their previous level since June current USGF Members and they for the dismount?

Each judge should indepen- 1993 and have not received any must have completed their 1993 Ac-

A: NO, the up to 8" mat is IN 1. tive Status in order to be assigned. dently determine a Start Value. optional rating, but have passed ADDITION to the required land-

2. The Start Value and the final score one part at their attempted rat- PAYMENT OF OFFICIALS ingmat(s).

should be recorded on the judg-ing level may be assigned after

1. The current USGF Fee Schedule 6. Q: For Floor Exercise, if the coach ing sli p and sent via the runner to

groups#1,#2and#3. Example: A is in effect until July 31, 1994. places thematon the corner, may

the Chief Judge. previously rated Level 10 judge the mat cover the white border who has attempted to re-certify 2. The official will receive payment lines and ifso,howwill the judges 3. Each judge should flash his / her at Level 10 but has passed only according to the Fee Sched ule for know if the gymnast goes out of Start Value as soon as the Chief one part (theoretical or practical) the new 1993-97 JCIjUSGF rat-

Judge receives ALL judges' score at Level 10, may be assigned, if ing that they hold at the time of bounds?

slips. necessary, to a Level 8, 9 or 10 the meet at which they are offici- A: If the mat is placed in the

4. If Open Scoring is being used, meet after groups #1-3. If they ating. For example: If a former corner, covering the border lineE

the runner should flash the pass only one part at a lower Level 10 official has passed and the judges will have to estimate

judges' score on a different level (for example-passed the achieved a Level 8 rating, she when determining a line fault, so

flasher than being used for Start practical at Level 9) , they are only will receive the Level 8 rating the coach takes a risk.

Value. eligible to judge at Level 8 or 9 fee. 7. Q: If the meet d irector supplies a 5. Start Values DO NOT have to meets, if necessary, after groups

3. An official who falls into catego-skill cushion that is old and "bot-

match. A conference may be # 1-3. (Group 4) toms out" when used, is it the called to determine if the Start 5. Those officials who have at-

ries four (4) through eight (8) responsibility of the coach of the Values needs to be adjusted, ei- tempted to test up a Level since

will be paid based upon the high- gymnast to decide whether to ther up or down. est compulsory rating that they use the mat or not or is it the

6. If scores and/ or Start Value are June 1993 and have not yet re- hold, regardless of the level of responsibility of the club hosting ceived any optional rating, but meet they are judging.

changed as a result of a confer- have passed one part at their at- the competition to provide a qual-ence, the adjusted score and/or tempted rating level may be as- 4. An official who had an Optional ity mat? Start Value should be re-flashed signed after groups #1-4. Ex- rating in the previous cycle and A: As with all the equipment, it as a Corrected Score or Start ample: A previously rated Level has either 1) failed to pass at an is the responsibility of the meet Value. 9 judge who has attempted to optional level since June 1993 or director to ensure that ALL

test up at Level 10 but has passed 2) has not tested since June 1993 equipment meets the specifica-PROCEDURES FOR THE only one part (theoretical or prac- will be paid based upon the high- tions of the R & P and safety ASSIGNMENT OF OFFICIALS to tical) at Level 10, may be as- est compulsory level rating tha t standards. If sub-standard equip-USGF J. O. OPTIONAL MEETS signed, if necessary, to a Level 10 they hold, regardless of the level ment is supplied, it is the coach's

The following is the proper order meet after groups #1-4. If they of meet they are judging. responsibility to report this in-which must be adhered to when as- pass only one part at a lower fraction to the State/Regional signing officials to USGF Optional level (for example-passed the Clarification regarding the Chairmanand,ifnecessary, with-Competitions (Levels 8-10) from practical at Level 9), they are only use of additional matting draw from the competition if the January 1 through December31, 1994 eligible to judge at Level 8 or 9 for J.O. Optional meets safety of the athlete is in jeop-(Also refer to chart): meets, if necessary, after groups 1. Q: Howmanymatsmaybe used, ardy.

1. Those officials who have tested # 1-4. (Group 5) in total? 8. Q: Maya coach turn the 4" land-and passed at the specific level 6. Those officials who have tested at A: One mat, up to 8" in thick- ing mat, or an additional 4" land-that is required for the meet must their previous level since June ness, may be used in addition to ing mat, upside down and use be assigned first. (Group 1) 1993 (but have not achieved a the required matting of a 1 1/4" the soft side for landing?

2. Those officials w ho, in the at- new optional rating or passed base mat plus a 4" landing mat A: If it is the required landing tempt to re-certify at Level 9 or either one of the two parts) may (or one mat of 51/4"). A maxi- mat, it must be placed with the 10, have passed at a lower op- be assigned in an emergency for mum of 3 mats (one base, one more stable surface up. If it is tional rating may be assigned local meets only, and only with landing and one additional mat used as an additional mat, it may after group #1, if necessary. Ex- the approval of the State and/ or upt08") may beused.Anupt08" be turned upside down IF it i~ ample: A previously rated Level Regional Technical Chairman. skill cushion may not be placed the non-folding variety. If it is a 10 judge who has tested and 7. Those officials who have at-

on two 4" landing mats. folding type mat, it MAY NOT achieved a Level 8 or 9 rating tempted to test up a level since 2. Q: If a skill cushion/ sting mat is be turned upside down, as the may be assigned to a Level 10 June 1993 (bu t have not achieved used, what are the required di- landing area would no longer be meet after group #1, if necessary. a new optional rating or passed mensions? a uniform surface.


ELITEAoHoc COMMITTEE MEETING

National Tram Training Camp

Colorado Springs, CO • January 16, 1994

I. Roll Call: Chair Roe Kreutzer Coaches Reps:

Kevin Brown Tony Gehman Peggy Liddick (for Steve Nunno) Leonard Issacs (alternate) Bela Karolyi (absent) Kelli Hill (absent)

Athlete Rep. Michelle Dusserre

Women's Program Dir. Kathy Kelly

Guests: Tim Rand Gary Warren

II. Sports Festival Recommendation that the selection criteriafor1994 Olympic Sports Festival be as follows: Top 16 Seniors and Top 8 Juniors in rank order from the 1994 American Classic will be invited to attend the 1994 Olympic Sports Festival. (Senior replace Senior and Junior replace Junior) Motion - Gehman Second - Brown PASSED

III. Pan American Selection Procedure

Committee drafted the selection procedures. Proposal was corrected and will be sent to the committee for approval and then to the Executive Committee and finally submitted to the OlympiC Committee.

IV. Corps of Judges Recommendation to the Technical Committee and the Corps of Judges that those judges wishing to be considered for assignment to Elite competitions participate in educational experiences - optimally experiences which involve elite athletes and coaches. Motion - Dusserre Second - Gehman PASSED

V. 1994 (SprinQ) World Championships Selection Procedures

Issacs discussed the 1994 (Spring) World Championships Selection Procedures and suggested that the committee clarify two points. (see

attached) These clarification will be sent to all National Team Coaches, Athletes and their parents.

VI. Competition Schedule for 1994 (see attached chart)

Kelly had previously discussed the 1994 competition calendar with the national team coaches at the December and January Training Camp to gain their input and cooperation with these responsibilities. The committee further discussed the game plan for 1994 and made the following recommendations to the Selection Committee for their actions regarding meet assignments. Recommendation to the Selection Committee to decline Cottbus, World Stars and Africa because of the time frame. Motion - Brown Second - Gehman PASSED Recommendation to the Selection Committee that when considering assignments for the international competitions and the Hilton, Budget, and Goodwill Games, three age divisions can be considered. The Seniors 15 and over, the Seniors (13 & 14 - age eligible for the Olympic Games), and the Juniors (12 to 14). Motion - Dusserre Second T - Gehman PASSED Those 13 & 14 year old Seniors MUST finish in the TOP 15 combined AllAround at the American Classic to be considered.

VII. 1994 Team World Championships Selection Procedures

Committee worked on the procedures for the Team World in November. The draft will be sent to the committee for final revisions, a conference call will be conducted and the finalized document will be presented to the Executive Committee for approval within the next two weeks. (See attached) The committee commended the work of the staff and the judges at the recent training camps in Colorado Springs. The joint effort was most appreciated and will definitely assist the National Team goals. Conference Call scheduled for February 16, 1994.

March 1994

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I ., A 44

Women's Junior Olympic Program

1992-96 J.O. COMPULSORY ERRATA

Connie Maloney Women's rO. Technical Coordinator

The following is a consolidation of all the corrections and /or clarifications made since the 1992 Compulsory Workshop, up to and including the October, 1993 WTC meeting. Please note these changes in your Compulsory book: New changes since the last errata sheet published in the Nov / Dec1992 Technique are indicated in BOLD print. References to Level 10 exercises and / or penalties have been eliminated since this level is no longer in use.

VAULT Pg.4-

Pg.9-

Vault Run Test: Change Levels 2 & 4 to .. Levels 2 & 3 Level 4: If competition is conducted at Level 4, the gymnasts may perform either the Squat Vault or a Handspring Vault.

Pg. 73, #8-Walks on demi-point. Arms-Counts 5-8: arms move downward. #8 Box #3 in parenthesis (may bend slightly on pull through)

Pgs. 77 & 157-

D. Landing #1-Land heavy and uncertain ... Change deduction to "up to 0.10"

E. Coaching / Spotting deductions: Add #8-Support of only one hand on horse 1.00 Add #9-Failure to place hands on horse 3.00 Add #lO-Run-approach without executing the vault (BALK)

touching the springboard or horse VOID

Clarification: "Gymnast is allowed 3 approaches without penalty to successfully complete one or both vaults."

Pg. 155- Letter 0, Landing #3-Land heavy and uncertain ... Change deduction to "up to 0.10"

BARS LevelS

Pg. 83 & 167, #1- Change Mount to: Glide Kip (Straddle or Pike) Delete deduction -Legs together during glide 0.20

Level 6

Pg. 85, #3-Clear Hip Circle 30°: Box- 3rd penalty: Insufficient height & extension of upswing up to 0.60

Box-4th penalty: Hips touching bar as upswing fini shes

Pg. 85, 87 & 169, #2 & # 7-Level 6:

BEAM LevelS

Cast 30°: Change from up to 0.40 to ... Insufficient amplitude Add the following:

at horizontal 0.40 0-15° below horiz. more than 15° below horiz.

0.80

up to 0.60

0.50 0.60

Pg. 97, #l-Clarification: Since the LevelS mount is allowed from a run or a stand, there is no penalty for a Double Bounce at Level S.

Pg. 99, #13-Assemble ... Box 3rd penalty: Feet not coming together upon landing #16 180° Passe Turn to 180° Pivot Turn ... text , 4th line should read: "Stretched Left leg extends from rear to sideward-diagonally downward at 45°. Execute 90° of the turn, then bend Left knee sideward, outward in passe position, toe touching Right ankle. Lower Right heel.. ."

Pg.99, #l6-Illustra tion: the last figure is incorrect. The Left leg should be extended forward.

#16. 1st arm description: Change .. . upward to CROWN position (delete "side")

Pg. 99 & 177, #l6-Add these deductions:

Level 6

Failure to pause at the completion of the 180° passe turn 0.10

Failure to pass through 2nd position

Pg. 105, #ll - Box under Assemble: Box 3rd penalty: Feet not coming together UPON landing

Level 7 Pg. 107 & 181, #4 -Body Wave: BOX, delete last penalty:

Failure to finish on balls of feet.

up to 0.20

Pg. 109 & 181, #8-Change the deduction for "Failure to hold for one second with legs together" to: "up to.20".

FLOOR EXERCISE Pg.121- LevelS: Change Split Leap to "STRIDE LEAP"

Add Fouette after Stride leap

Level 6: Add Tour Jete after Split leap Level 7: Add Tour Jete after Leaps

Pg. 126, #l 6-Stride Leap: Two running steps forwardLeft, Right. Delete last "Left."

Pg. 131, #l3-Back Walkover Switch Legs: Clarification: As per the text, there is NO REQUIREMENT to show a 180° split AFTER THE SWITCH OF LEGS.

Pg. 138, #ll-Handstand Pirouette-Clarification: As per the text, there is NO REQUIREMENT to show a 180° split AFTER finishing the pirouette.

PENALTIES Pg. 157 -Add: Also may be performed by Level 4 gymnasts.

Add to Penalties E. #4 • Level 4 only-Aid (touch) of coach before gymnast's hands leave the horse 2.00

Pg. 161, 1st Paragraph- Deductions for FALLS in addition to execution/amplitude deductions .. . Change to read: "Deductions for Falls, Extra Swings, or lack of continuity in required series due to fall are in addition to the execution/ amplitude deductions."

Insert before I: "If more than half of the major elements in a compulsory exercise are performed with the assistance of the coach, then the score is determined by giving the credit for those elements performed unassisted . All applicable deductions for execution and amplitude are taken on all elements."

Add I. #9- "Jf a major element is performed with add itional twist, turn or with major change in flight, it receives a penalty of "up to the va lue of the element." ... II. Balance Beam & FX: #4 Add: "(for Incomplete turns: use Incomplete Element = up to the value of the element)"

Pg. 162, VI. Landing: #l-Landing heavy & uncertain. Change deduction to "up to 0.1 "

Pg. 163, VII. #6-Clarification: Each judge takes deduction for assistance (0.50) as well as gives no value part credit. Only the Chief Judge takes the 1.0 deduction for coach on the FX mat.

Pg. 163, VII. #l3-Clarification: Change to read .. "Attempts" without touching board or apparatus: up to 2 attempts = No penalty; 3rd attempt = 0.5

Pg. 163, VlJI. #1-Change range of scores to:

0.20 for scores between 9.500 -10.000 0.30 for scores between 9.000 - 9.475 0.50 for scores between 8.000- 8.975 1.00 for all other cases

Pg. 169, #3-Change 3rd penalty "Insufficient height & extension of upswing" up to.60

Pg. 177, #13-3rd Fault: Feet not coming together UPON landin g.

Pg. 179, #11-3rd Fault: Feet not coming together UPON landing. Pg. 185, #3-Failure to join legs "UPON" landing assemble

MISCELLANEOUS: There is NO PENALTY for incorrect attire for sleeveless "tank" leotards.

If a Level 5-7 gymnasts competes out of state, she may use the choice of music that her state allows.

At Compulsory State Meets, judges may score in 0.05 increments.


USGF VAULT

GROUP I Hondsprings, Yomoshilos, ond Cortwheels

A 1.101 Handspring Forw. 1.102 Yamashita 1.103 Cartwheel-I/. turn 1.104 Handspring-l/2 turn 1.105 Yamashita w/ 1/1 turn 1.106 1/2 on-l/2 off 1.107 Cartwheel-3/4 turn

B 1.201 Cartwheel-l I/.turn 1.202 Handspring-1/1 turn 1.203 Yamashita w/ 1/ 1 turn 1.204 1/2 on-1/1 off 1.205 Handspring-l l/21urn 1.206 1/1 on- Handspring

J 1.210 1/10n-l/2 off

(

1.301 1/2 on-l l/2 off 1.302 1/ 1 on-l / l off (H/y)

D 1.401 11/2 on-l/2 off 1.402 Handspring-2/ 1 turn 1.403 1/2 on-2/1 turn

51.410 1/1 on-l l/2 off

E 1.501 11/2 on- l/l turn

51.510 Handspring-2 1/2 off

level B DNLY:

5·0.1 Squat Vault 5·0.2 Stoop Vault 5·0.3 Straddle Vault 5-0.4 1/2 on-Repulsion off

B.5 B.6 B.6 B.6 B.7 B.B B.B

9.1 9.2 9.3

9.2-9.4 9.5 9.5

9.4-9.7

9.B 9.9 9.9 9.B

10.0 10.0

7.0 7.5 7.5 B.O

Women's Junior Olympic

UNIOR OLYMPIC ABLE (REVISED February 1994)

GROUP II GROUP III GROUP IV Cuervos ond Sollos Forword Tsukohoros Round-off Enlry • (level I 0 only)

A A A NDNE NDNE NDNE

B B B NDNE 3.201 Tsukahara Tucked 9.4 4.201 RD, FF-Tuck Bock 9.4

3.202 Tsukahara Tuck 1/2 9.5 4.202 RD, FF-Tuck Back w/ l/2 9.5 3.203 Tsukahara Piked 9.5 4.203 RD, FF-Pike Back 9.5

( ( (

2.301 Hndspg-Front Tuck 9.7 3.301 Tsuk Piked w/ 1/2 9.6 4.301 RD, FF-Pike w/ 1/2 9.6 3.302 Tsukahara Layout 9.6 4.302 RD, FF-Back Layout 9.6 3.303 Tsuk Layout w/ 1/2 9.7 4.303 RD, FF-Layout w/ 1/2 9.7 3.304 Tsuk Tucked 1/1 9.7 4.304 RD, FF-Tuck 1/1 9.7

4.306 RD, FF-I/2 off, Front Tuck 9.7

D D D 2.401 Hndspg-Front Tuck 1/ 2 9.B 3.401 Tsuk Layout 1/ 1 9.B 4.401 RD, FF 1/1-Back Tuck 9.B 2.402 Cuervo Tucked 9.B 3.402 Tsuk Tucked 11/2 9.9 4.402 RD, FF 1/ 1-1/ 1 turn off 9.B 2.403 Hndspg-Front Pike 9.B 4.403 RD, FF-Back Layout 1/1 9.B 2.404 Hndspg-Front Pike 1/2 9.9 4.404 RD, FF 1/1-Back Pike 9.9 2.405 Cuervo Piked 9.9 4.405 RD, FF 1/2 _1/2 off, Back Tuck 9.9 2.406 1/2 on- l/2 off, Front Tuck 9.9 4.407 RO, FF 1/2 -Ft Tuck 1/2 9.9

RD, FF-I/2 off, Front Pike 9.B RD, FF-Back Tuck w/ 11/21urn 9.9

. 2.501 2.502 2.503 2.504 2.505 2.506

52.510

E E E 1/ 1 on-Front Tuck all 10.0 3.501 Tsuk Layout 11/2 10.0 4.501 RD, FF-Layout 1 1/2 turn Hndspg- 2 1/2 Front Tuck 10.0 3.502 1 1/2 an-Bk. Salta TIP / L 10.0 4.502 RD, FF-Tucked 2/ 1 turn Cuervo Tucked w/ Turn 10.0 3.503 Tsuk 2 1/2 Salta Tucked 10.0 4.503 RD, FF-Layout 2/ 1 turn Hndspg-Front Layout 1/2 10.0 3.504 Tsuk 2 1/2 Salta Piked 10.0 4.504 RD, FF 1/1-Back Layout Hndspg-Front Tuck 1/1 10.0 4.505 RD, FF 1/2 -FrontTu[k

10.0 4.506 RD, FF 1/2 -Front Pike Hndspg- Front Layout 1/2 on-l/2 off, Ft. Layout 10.0 All Tsukaharas are to be performed with 900 to 1 BOD 4.507 RD, FF-I/2 all, Front Layout

LA turn in first flight phose.

ALLDWABLE VAULTS: Level 10 All vaults from all four groups Level 9 Group 1 & 3 Vaults valued at 9.6 or less Level B Group 1 (Handsprings) valued at 9.5 or less

Group 3 (Tsukahoras) valued at 9.5 or less


RD, FF 1/2 -Front Layout

-Indicates a different value from FIG Code of Points

"5" befare a number indicates J.D. Element Supplement

10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

I ., A 45

I ., A 46

Women's Selection Procedures

1995 PAN 4. If the format of the 1995 Pan gymnasts constitute the offi-

American Games is Optional cial team size. only competition, then the se- 7. The configuration of the Pan

AMERICAN TEAM lection ranking will be deter- American Team will include mined from Optional only the top four (4) Seniors and the

SELECTION scores (4 events). top three (3) Juniors (who will

5. Injury petitions for the Pan be 14 years old in 1995) accord-ing to the procedures listed in

American Trials will be ac- #3 or#4 above. The designated

PROCEDURES cepted for considera tion by the traveling alternate (#7) will be Elite Technical Committee the 4th ranked Senior. Ties for

Pending approval by the Olympic Committee (ETC) if a gymnast can reason- the 4th place Senior and the ably show through previous 3rd place Junior slots will be meet results with current FIG broken according to the FIG

1. The American Classic/Pan will count as 100 percent in rules and Elite compulsories Technical Regelment. American Trials competition determining individ ual's selec- (if # III used as criteria) that, if 8. Replacement of a team mem-will be held in February, 1995 tion ranking. she had been able to compete, ber will occur only due to seri-(the exact date and site to be

3. If the format of the 1995 Pan her previous scores are within ous injury that is verified by a

determined). American Games includes Com-

the range of scores of those ath- neutral doctor approved by the

2. Competition at the Pan Ameri- pulsory competition, then the letes who have qualified to National Governing Body compete. (NGB). Alternates will be se-

can Trials will be All-Around selection ranking will be deter- lected in rank order (see #3 & EliteCompulsory and Optional mined from combined compul- 6. According to the United States #4 above), with Senior replac-Exercises . All-Around scores sory and optional scores (Total Olympic Committee (USOC) ing Senior and Junior replac-from the Pan American Trials All-Around, 8 events). Technical Regulations, seven (7) ing Junior.

1994 TEAM WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS SELECTION PROCEDURES Dortmund, Germany

I. Qualification A. Qualification to the U.S.

Championships is through the Elite Regional Meets, the American Classic, and the U.s. Classic.

1. The American Classic is scheduled for March 25-26, 1994 in Orlando, Florida.

2. The U.s. Classic is scheduled for August 5-7, 1994 in Palms Springs, California.

B. The 1994 Individual and AllAround World Championships Team Members are automatically qualified into the 1994 U.s. Championships.

e. The 1994 U.s. Championships are scheduled August 24-27, 1994 in Nashville, Tennessee.

D. TheAll-Around scores for the American Classic, U.S. Classic, U.S. Championships,and the World Championships Trials will be determined by combining Elite Com pulsory Exercise All-Around score (60 percent) with Optional Exercise All-Around score (40 percent) to get the combined Total All-Around Score. Competition III Rules will be

used for the All-Around competition, with the exception of the Vaulting event, which will use Competition II Rules.

E. Based on the Total AllAround results from the 1994 U.s. Championships [combined compulsory (60 percent) and optional (40 percent)], the top sixteen (16) gymnasts will qualify into the Final World Championships Trials. Ties for 16th place will not be broken. Petitions will be in addition to this 16. There are no replacements for qualified athletes who are unable to compete.

F. Injury petitions to the U.s. Championships will be accepted for consideration by the Elite Technical Committee (ETC) for 1993-94 National Team Members only according to the proced ures as listed on page 79 in the Women's Rules and Policies book.

II. Final World Championships Trials A. The Final World Champion

ships Trials are sched uled for October 21-23, 1994 (site to be determined).

B. Petitions to the Final World Championships Trials will be accepted for consideration by the Elite Technical Committee (ETC). Injury, illness, or representing the USA in an international competition during the same time period as U.s. Championships only shall constitute proper support for such a petition.

III. Team Selection A. The All-Around scores from

the Final World Championships Trials will count 100 percent for the World Championships Team. In order for an athlete to be ranked in first position, she MUST compete in the Final World Team Trials.

B. If either or both ofthe top two (2) ranked gymnasts from U.s. Championships is injured after the U. S. Championships or is ill at the time of the World Championships Trials, and her injury or illness is verified by a neutral doctor approved by the National Governing Body (NGB), and if her injury petition is then accepted, her U.s.


Championship's Total AUAround score will be multiplied by 100 percent (10 / 10).

The score will be entered into the All-Around results prior to the start of the Final World Championships Trials. If the petitioned gymnast's U.s. Championship's score remains in the top five (5) in the Total All-Around [including tie(s) for fifth] , she must then be cleared by a neu tral doctor approved by the NGB before being placed on the team.

e. According to the FIG Technical Reglement and USA Gymnastics' policy, seven (7) athletes will constitute the official team.

D. Any athlete who wins an AllAround medal at the 1994 Individual World Championships held in Brisbane, Australia in April 1994 ,will be placed onto the 1994 World Championships Team if she performs (without bein" judged or scored) eight events at the World Championships Trials.

E. Ties will be broken according to the FIG Technical Reglement.

Calendar

Date Days Discipline Event Location Contact Phone

.AIlARCH 18 1 MWR Safety Certification (4:00 p.m.-8:00 p.m.) TBA Karl Bishop 813-447-2108 23 6 W Cup of the City Of the Popes Avignon, FRA Kathy Kelly 317-237-5050 20 1 MWR Safety Certification (2:00 p.m.·6:00 p.m.) Mt. Pleasant, MI Jerry Reighard 517-774-6696 20 1 MWR Safety Certification (9:00 a.m.·2:00 p.m.) Richardson, TX Jan Eyman 817-694-4214 20 1 MWR Safety Certification (10:00 a.m.·2:00 p.m.) New Haven, a Bob Beach 203-397-4481 22 1 MWR Safety Certification (6:00 p.m.-9:30 p.m.) Chambersburg, PA Lynn Ross 717-267-1760 24 1 W Broadcast Hilton Invitational ESPN Julie Bejin 317-237-5050 25 3 M 18th International Master Tournament COllbus, GER Ron Galimore 317-237-5050 I 25 3 W American Classic Nationals Orlando, FL Kathy Kelly 317-237-5050 0 26 1 MWR Safety Certification (noon-6:00 p.m.) Oklahoma City, OK Scoll Blakemore 405-77 4-6150 26 1 MWR Safety Certification (10:00 a.m.-3:00 p.m.) Billings, MT Betsy Sprague 303-373-2797 A 27 1 MWR Safety Certification (l 0:00 a.m.-2:00 p.m.) Fairbanks, AK Beth Landvaller 907-789-7440 47 27 1 MWR ACEP Sport Science (7:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m.) Boise, ID John Sahlein 208-376-3641 31 5 M National Team Training Camp Colorado Springs, CO Ron Galimore 317-237-5050

APRIL 2 2 R 16th International Rhythmic Tournament Budapest, HUN Nora Campbell 317-237-5050 2 1 MWR Safety Certification (3:00 p.m.-9:00 p.m.) Smithfield, RI Steve OiT ullio 508-263-9306 8 1 MWR Safety Certification (5:00 p.m.-8:00 p.m.) Morgantown, WV Billy Bob Taylor 304-344-3279 8 2 R 7th International Rhythmic Tournament Potimao, POR Nora Campbell 317-237-5050 8 3 W NCAA Regional Meets Various sites Kathy Kelly 317-237-5050 9 2 R Eastern Qualifier Atlanta, GA Nora Campbell 317-237-5050 9 1 M NCAA Regionals Meets Various Sites Ron Galimore 317-237-5050 14 4 MW USA Gymnastics Collegiate Championships Denton, TX Galimore/Kelly 317-237-5050 15 3 R DTB Pokallnternational Competition Karlsruhe, GER Nora Campbell 317-237-5050 15 1 W USA Gymnastics National Invitational Tournament Cape Girardeau, MO Kathy Kelly 317-237-5050 16 7 W 10. Levell 0 Regional Meets Various sites Connie Maloney 317-237-5050 16 2 R Western Qualifier Los Angeles, CA Nora Campbell 317-237-5050 16 2 MWR ACEP Sport Science (Sat: 4 p.m.-8 p.m., Sun: 9 a.m.- l p.m.) Wausau, WI Edgar Pulido 708-851-5437 19 6 MW Ind. App/AA World Championships Brisbane, AUS Galimore/Kelly 317- 237- 5050 22 2 M NCAA National Gymnastics Championships lincoln, NE Ron Galimore 317-237-5050 22 3 W NCAA National Gymnastics Championships Salt Lake City, UT Kathy Kelly 317-237-5050 22 3 R 10. Championships Chicago, IL Nora Compbell 317-237-5050 22 1 MWR Safety Certification (6:00 p.m.-9:30 p.m.) Chicago, IL Dave Moskovitz 317-237-5050 23 1 W Broadcast World Championships ABC Julie Bejin 317-237-5050 24 1 MW Broadcast World Championships ABC Julie Bejin 317-237-5050 29 1 MWR Safety Certification (4:00-9:00 p.m.) Spokane, WA Leigh Eoton 206-874-1363 29 4 W 16th International Competition Tunisia Tunisia Kathy Kelly 317-237-5050 30 1 M Broadcast World Championships ABC Julie Bejin 317-237-5050 TBA M 10. Regional Meets TBA Hideo Mizoguchi 317-237-5050

MAY 2 6 MW Grand Prix Rome/T urin, ITA Galimore/Kelly 317-237-5050 4 11 MWR FIG Congress Geneva, SUI Becky Riti 317-237-5050 5 4 W 10. Nationals - Levell 0 (Jr) Allentown, PA Connie Maloney 317-237-5050 5 3 R Rhythmic National Championships Uniondale/Nassau Co., NY Nora Campbell 317-237-5050 6 3 M 10. Nationals Augusta, GA Hideo Mizoguchi 317-237-5050 8 1 MW Arthur Gander Memorial Chiasso, SUI Galimore/Kelly 317-237-5050 12 4 W 10. Nationals - Levell 0 (Sr.) Seattle, WA Connie Maloney 317-237-5050 13 10 M International Youth Camp Hamburg, GER Ron Galimore 317-237-5050 13 3 R 20th International RhythmicTournament Corbeil, FRA Nora Campbell 317-237-5050 15 7 MWR 29th German Gymnastics Festival Hamburg, GER Steve Whitlock 317-237-5050 20 2 MW Hilton Challenge Phoenix, AZ John Kirchner 317-237-5050 22 1 R Broadcast Rhythmic National Championships CBS Julie Bejin 317-237-5050 29 1 R Broadcast Rhythmic National Championships CBS Julie Bejin 317-237-5050

.JUNE 2 4 W 10. National Team Training Camp Colorado Springs, CO Connie Maloney 317-237-5050 4 1 MWR ACEP Sport Science (8:30 a.m.-6:30 p.m.) Tulsa, OK Sherry Gruber 405-327-1923 9 4 R Four Continents Championships Seoul, KOR Nora Campbell 317-237-5050 10 2 MW Budget Rent A Car Gymnastics Invitational Worcester, MA John Kirchner 317- 237-5050 18 1 MW Broadcast Budget Rent A Car Gymnastics Invitational NBC Julie Bejin 317-237-5050 18 8 MWR Coaches Workshop Huguenot, NY Dave Moskovitz 317-237-5050 25 1 MWR Safety Certification (1 :00 p.m-5:00 p.m.) Port Jervis, NY Rick Palumbo 414-457- 1279

*tentative


Non-profit Orga nization U.5. Postage

PAID Permit No. 7867 Indianapolis, IN

~ SAFETY CERTIFICATION COURSES

MARCH 22 Chambersburg, PA APRIL 6:00 pm-9:30 pm

Smithfield, RI 18 Site: TBA / Host Hotel Rainbow Gymnastics, Inc., 285-12 E. TIme: 4:00 pm- 8:00 pm Queen St., Chombersburg, PA 17201 3:00 pm-9:00 pm Course Oir.: Karl Bishop Course Dir.: Lynn Ross Ocean State Gymnastics, 9 Rocky Hill (813) 447-2108 (717) 267-1760 Rd., Smithfield, RI 02917 This course is to be held in conjundion Locol Contact: Howard Johnson Course Dir.: Steve Dil ullio with Florida Level 9& 1 0 State (717) 263-9191 (508) 263-9306 (Work) (hampionships.

Oklahoma City, OK Local Contact: Steve DiTullio

26 (401) 722-9394 (Home) 20 MI. Pleasant, MI 12:00 noon-5:00 pm (401) 231 -6636 (Gym)

2:00 pm-6:00 pm Bart Conner Gymnastics Academy Central Michigan Univ., Rose Center 2206 Deloris Dr. Morgantown, WV Raom 122, 48859 Course Dir.: Sco" Blakemore 5:00pm-8:00pm Course Dir.: Jerry Reighard (405) 744-6150 West Virginia Gymnostics Training Center (517) 774-6696 Local Contact: Ben Fox (405) 447-7500 Course Dir.: Billy Bob Taylor

New Haven, a Billings, MT (304) 344-3279 FAX: (304) 344-2365

10:00 am-2:00 pm 10:00 am-3:00 pm Locol Contact: (304) 292- 5559 Southern Connecticut State Univ., Bill ing's Gymnastics Center, This course is to be held in conjundion Pelz Gymnasium 240 S. 8th SI. W, Billings, MT 59102 with the WV State (hampionships and Course Dir.: Bob Beach Course Dir.: Betsy Sprague NCAA Southeast Regional Gymnastics (203) 397-4481 (303) 373-2797 (hampionships.

Local Contact: Kara Miklovich Richardson, TX (406) 259-2237 22 Chicago, IL 9:00 am-2:00 pm 6:00 pm-9:30 pm 7117 Arapaho 27 Fairbanks, AK Course Oir.: Dave Moskovitz Richardson Gymnastics Center 10:00 am-2:00 pm (317) 237-5050 Course Oir.: Jan Eyman Course Dir.: Beth Landvatter This course is to be held in conjunction (817) 694-4214 (907) 789-7440 with Rhythmic )0 (hampionships.

This course is to be held in conjunction with the Alaska State Meet.

I--------------------~---~~---I

1 Participation Registration Form Please make checks payable 1

1 in full to USA Gymnastics Safety 1 Name: Mr. / Mrs./Ms. _________________ _ 1 Certification 1 1 Soc. Sec. #- - - - -----------------

Address: ___ _ _ ________________ _

City: ____ ________ State: ____ Zip ____ _

Telephone: (H) ____ _____ (W) ____ ___ _ _ _

Course Director: _____ ___ ____ _ _ ____ _ _

Course Location: _____ _ _______ Date: _ ___ _

Organization Represented: _______________ _

If USA Gymnastics Member, List Type and Number _______ _

Mail Registration Form and I Payment to: USA Gymnastics I Safety, Pan American Plaza, Suite 300, 201 S. Capitol, India- 1 napolis,~ 46225 1 - ______ 1

I DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE • FOR OFFICE USE ONLY

Registration Form Received: I Form of Payment: 0 Check 0 Visa 0 Mastercard --- ------ - - I Name on Card: Confirmation Mailed: J

Number: __ =======================================~-to ------------1 Expiration Date: Signature: ____ ________ -l

T394 L _______________________ _ __ __ 1

-.J

29 Spokane Elite 4:00 pm-9:00 pm Course Oir.: Leigh Eaton (206) 874-1363 This course is to be held in conjunction with the Washington State Meet.

JUNE 25 Port Jervis, NY

1 :00 pm-5:00 pm Team USA Gymnastics Camp Course Oir.: Ken Miller/ Bob Beach Local Contact: Rick Palumbo (914) 856-8326

JULY 23 Port Jervis, NY

1 :00 pm-5:00 pm Team USA Gymnastics Camp Course Dir.: Ken Miller/ Bob Beach Local Contact: Rick Polumbo (914) 856-8326

24 Uniontown, OH 9:00 am-l :00 pm North Canton YMCA Gymnastics Center 12005 Cleveland Ave. NW Course Oir.: Bobbi Montanarri (614) 457-1279 Local Contact: Martha Miller (614) 385-8105 This course is to be held in conjunction with the YMCA Great Lakes A one Gymnastics (finic.

• All courses are 3rd Cycle courses.

• All materials (including the new Safety Handbook) for 3rd Cycle courses are provided at the course and are part of the course fee.

• Certification is good for 4 years.

• The course/ examination is $100. USA Gymnastics Professional Members and rece, tification is $75. Retest cost\. $25. For groups of at least 10, contact the USA Gymnastics Department of Educational Services and Safety.

Documents

Technique Magazine - March 1994