Technical Committee on Portable Fire Extinguishers - NFPA · Technical Committee on Portable Fire Extinguishers M E M O R A N D U M DATE: March 20, 2015 TO: Principal and Alternate

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Technical Committee on Portable Fire Extinguishers

M E M O R A N D U M

DATE: March 20, 2015

TO: Principal and Alternate Members of the Technical Committee on Portable Fire

Extinguishers

FROM: Barry Chase, NFPA Staff Liaison

Office: (617) 984-7259 Email: [email protected]

SUBJECT: AGENDA – NFPA 10 and NFPA 408 First Draft Meeting (Fall 2016)

April 21-23, 2015, Orlando, FL

1. Call to Order – April 21, 2015, 8:00am ET

2. Introductions and Attendance

3. Chair’s Comments and Agenda Review

4. NFPA Staff Liaison Presentation

a. NFPA Standards Development Process

b. Fall 2016 Revision Cycle Schedule

c. NFPA Resources

5. Approval of Previous Meeting Minutes

a. March 28-29, 2012 – NFPA 10 2013 Edition ROC Meeting (Orlando, FL)

6. NFPA 10 First Draft

a. Address Public Input (107 submittals)

7. NFPA 408 First Draft

a. Address Public Input (16 submittals)

b. Consider disposition of document (e.g., incorporate into NFPA 10, maintain as separate

document)

8. Other Business

9. Next Meeting

Please submit requests for additional agenda items to the chair at least seven days prior to the meeting,

and notify the chair and staff liaison as soon as possible if you plan to introduce any committee revisions

at the meeting.

All NFPA Technical Committee meetings are open to the public. Please contact me for information on

attending a meeting as a guest. Read NFPA's Regulations Governing Committee Projects (Section 3.3.3.3)

for further information.

Additional Meeting Information:

See the Meeting Notice on the Document Information Page (www.nfpa.org/10 or www.nfpa.org/408) for

meeting location details. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact Elena Carroll, Project

Administrator at 617-984-7952 or by email [email protected].

C. Standards Administration

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/standards-development-process

http://www.nfpa.org/~/media/files/codes-and-standards/regulations-directory-and-forms/schedulef2016.pdf?la=en

http://www.nfpa.org/research

http://www.nfpa.org/Assets/files/AboutTheCodes/10/PFE-AAA_ROCMinutes_03-12%20TC.PDF

http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/ViewerPage.jsp?id=10-2013.ditamap&draft=true&toc=false

http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/ViewerPage.jsp?id=408-2010.ditamap&draft=true&toc=false

http://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/standards-development-process

http://www.nfpa.org/Assets/files/AboutTheCodes/10/10_408_PFE-AAA_F2016_FD_MeetingNotice_4-15.pdf

http://www.nfpa.org/10

http://www.nfpa.org/408

mailto:[email protected]

NFPA 10 Public Input

Public Input No. 309-NFPA 10-2014 [ Global Input ]

Proposal for Change to NFPA 10

Background behind Proposal

Assumptions that all metals listed within the Class D category burn in similar ways is a long standing issue when it comes to selecting the correctfire extinguishing agent to use. The metals typically listed in this fire Class are below along with their classifications according to the Periodic Tableof Elements;

Alkali Earth Metals – Magnesium (solid fire)

Alkali Metals – Lithium, Sodium, Potassium (molten fires)

Transition Metals – Titanium, Zirconium (solid fire)

Poor Metals – Aluminium (solid fire)

Individually all of these burn with slightly different characteristics and have different specific gravities, varying flash points, ignition temperatures,boiling points and melting points, therefore it makes sense that each should be treated individually when it comes to optimum choice of fireextinguishing agent.

UL711 – Rating and testing of Fire Extinguishers requires that any Class D agent should be able to effectively and efficiently extinguish Magnesium(a solid when burning) and Sodium (molten when burning). The test itself is only on very small quantity of each metal and therefore it is wrong toassume that a Class D extinguishing agent is optimised for both a solid and molten metal fire if they pass this small scale test, when they realisticallyare suited only to one or the other. Specialist extinguishing agents for this difficult category need to be tested on a more specific metal basis and in amore stringent test to ensure optimised extinguishing agents are used in the relevant areas and relevant Standards need to be changed to allow this.

Our Proposed Change to NFPA 10

Dupre Minerals would like to see changes in the way that the Class D section is viewed, and rather than have a generic Class, that it should bebroken down into the minimum following 2 categories;

Solid Burning metals , such as Magnesium, Titanium, Aluminium and Zirconium

Molten burning metals , such as Sodium, Potassium, Lithium and Zinc

NFPA 10 Sections 5.3.2.4 and NFPA 10 Annex A.6.5.1 both refer to Class D fire extinguisher selection being specific to the type of metal present, andtherefore we believe that NFPA 10 should change the statements in these 2 sections to be more specific to state that, “fire extinguisher selectionneeds to be relevant to where there is solid burning or molten burning metals are present”.

The term ‘Class D’ should also be reviewed, this is because you have 2 physically different fire types within it, and within each of the solid andmolten metal categories, the metals listed themselves have different burning characteristics. As an initial step, we believe that Class D should eitherstate Class D Solid and Class D Molten or something similarly relevant that can also lead to better labelling on the relevant extinguisher types.

Other areas within NFPA 10 where more specific statements regarding Solid burning and molten burning metal fires could be made to reflect theabove proposals are as follows;

Section 5.5.8.1 to state – “Class D fire extinguishing agents shall be compatible wit the specific solid or molten metal type for which protection isrequired”

Section 6.5.1 – to state “Fire extinguishing agents with Class D solid metal or Class D molten metal approvals shall be provided for fires involvingthe relevant combustible metal types.

Annex C, C.2.11 – to state, “Only extinguishing Agents specifically tested and approved for either Solid burning metals or liquid burning metals andapproved for use on particular combustible metal fire types should be selected and provided.”

Annex E, E.6.1 – to state, “…the availability of approved solid or molten burning metal portable extinguishers is particularly important….”

Annex E, E.6.2 – to state, “ Use of the incorrect fire extinguisher type (solid metal or molten metal) can either affect the ability to extinguish the fire orworse, can instantly increase or spread the fire…..”

Annex G, G.1.1 part (4) - to state “Class D rating to specify whether the agent is suited to (a) solid burning metals, (b) molten burning metals or (c)solid and molten metals and the classification is subject to special tests on specific combustible metal fires”

As a future consideration, Annex G could also include classifications that are based upon;

Solid or molten metal specific fires

Metal specific fires (ie Magnesium OR sodium)

We believe that NFPA 10 is a very influential document and if this Standard is changed to reflect the proposals made, then other industry standardswill follow, for example UL711. Changes to UL711 could then lead to specific tests for specific flammable metal types, yielding more relevantapprovals for metal specific extinguishing agents.

Statement of Problem and Substantiation for Public Input

Clear classification of the Class D flammable metal types, specifically acknowledging that some metals burn as solids and some burn as liquids. This is important when testing the fire extinguishing agent and allows the optimum agent to be considered.

Submitter Information Verification

Submitter Full Name: John Whitehurst

Organization: Dupre Minerals Ltd

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Fri Dec 19 10:33:56 EST 2014

National Fire Protection Association Report http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/ContentFetcher?commentPara...

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Public Input No. 85-NFPA 10-2013 [ Section No. 1.2.1 ]

1.2.1

The fire protection requirements of this standard are general in nature and are not intended to abrogate to negate, contradict, or supersede the specificrequirements of other NFPA standards for specific occupancies.


“Abrogate” is the wrong word for this context. There is no formal or informal contract or public agreement being referenced. The Standard should not embrace unconventional wording. Users of the Standard expects the use of common language.


Submitter Full Name: John Chartier

Organization: Northeastern Regional Fire Cod

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Fri Nov 08 07:27:43 EST 2013


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Public Input No. 187-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. 2.3 ]

2.3 Other Publications.

2.3.1 ASTM Publications.

ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.

ASTM D 5391, Standard Test for Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of a Flowing High Purity Water Sample, 2005 2014 .

2.3.2 CGA Publications.

Compressed Gas Association, 4221 Walney Road, 5th Floor 14501 George Carter Way, Suite 103 , Chantilly, VA 20151-2923 1788 .

CGA C-1, Methods of Hydrostatic Testing of Compressed Gas Cylinders, 2006 2009 .

CGA G-10.1, Commodity Specification for Nitrogen, 2008.

2.3.3 NPCA ACA Publications.

National Paint and American Coatings Association, 1500 Rhode Island Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20005.

Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS), Implementational Manual, 1981 Third edition, 2001 .

Workplace Hazardous Materials Identification System (WHMIS) Reference Manual, 1996, Revised (Web Edition) 2000.

2.3.4 UL Publications.

Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096.

UL 1093, Standard for Halogenated Agent Fire Extinguishers, 1995, Revised 2008.

UL 1803, Standard for Factory Follow-Up on Third Party Certified Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2006, Revised 2008 2012 .

2.3.5 ULC Publications.

Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Underwriters Road, Toronto, Ontario M1R 3A9, Canada.

CAN/ULC-S512, Standard for Halogenated Agent Hand and Wheeled Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Reaffirmed 2007.

2.3.6 UL/ULC Publications.

The following publications are bi-nationally harmonized standards for Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, andUnderwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Underwriters Road, Toronto, Ontario M1R 3A9, Canada.

ANSI/UL 8, CAN/ULC-S554, Water Based Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2010.

ANSI/UL 154, CAN/ULC-S503, Standard for Carbon-Dioxide Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2010.

ANSI/UL 299, CAN/ULC-S504, Standard for Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers, 2002, Revised 2009 2012 .

ANSI/UL 626, CAN/ULC-S507, Standard for Water Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2010.

ANSI/UL 711, CAN/ULC-S508, Standard for Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers, 2004, Revised 2009 Reaffirmed 2013 .

ANSI/UL 2129, CAN/ULC-S566, Standard for Halocarbon Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007.

2.3.7 U.S. Government Publications.

U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 180.209(b), 2007 2009 .

Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 180.213(c)(1), 2007 2010 .

2.3.8 Other Publications.

Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003.


Referenced current editions of national consensus standards.

Related Public Inputs for This Document

Related Input Relationship

Public Input No. 189-NFPA 10-2014 [Chapter K]


Submitter Full Name: Aaron Adamczyk

Organization: [ Not Specified ]

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Mon Jun 09 17:04:50 EDT 2014


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UL 1093, Standard for Halogenated Agent Fire Extinguishers , 1995, Revised 2008.UL 1803, Standard for Factory Follow-Up on Third Party Certified PortableFire Extinguishers, 2006, Revised 2008. 2012


Ul 1093 has been withdrawn UL 1803 has been revised


Submitter Full Name: Ronald Farr

Organization: UL LLC

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Mon Dec 29 11:44:47 EST 2014


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2.3.6 UL/ULC Publications.

The following publications are bi-nationally harmonized standards for Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, andUnderwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Underwriters Road, Toronto, Ontario M1R 3A9, Canada.

ANSI/UL 8, CAN/ULC-S554, Water Based Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2010 2011 .

ANSI/UL 154, CAN/ULC-S503, Standard for Carbon-Dioxide Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2010 2014 .


ANSI/UL 626, CAN/ULC-S507, Standard for Water Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2010 2012 .

ANSI/UL 711, CAN/ULC-S508, Standard for Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers, 2004, Revised 2009 2013 .

ANSI/UL 2129, CAN/ULC-S566, Standard for Halocarbon Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2014 .


UL referenced standards have been updated.




Street Address:

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2.3.7 U.S. Government Publications.

U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 180.209(b), 2007.

Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 180.213(c)(1), 2007.

Americans with Disabilities Act Title III Regulations, Part 36, Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in Public Accommodations and Commercial Facilities

(as amended by the final rule published on September 15, 2010)


NFPA 10 should recognize ADA requirements and accommodate them where achievable. Examples include the current NFPA-10 limit for the installation height of portable fire extinguishers. NFPA-10 lists 60 inches as the limit, while ADA presently states that accessible objects should be no higher than 48 inches. It should also be mentioned within NFPA-10 that any object whose bottom edge is higher than 27 inches should not protrude more than 4 inches into the adjacent path of travel, per ADA requirements. On the state and local level, most building codes reference directly, or indirectly, ANSI A117.1. ANSI A117.1 states the same limits for height and protrusion limits as ADA.

Canada has ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Peoples with Disabilities (CRPD), and before the next edition of NFPA-10 is issued, the US Senate may have ratified it as well. Countries which ratify the CRPD are supposed to harmonize their accessibility standards with ISO 21542. ISO 21542 requirements are slightly different that the US ADA rules. For example, accessible objects are to be installed no higher than 43 inches, and any object with a bottom leading edge of 11.8 inches cannot protrude more than 4 inches.

A mention within the next NFPA-10 such as "National, State, and Local accessibility codes and standards shall be recognized as having final authority for installation heights and protrusion limits" would be a good "catch all" statement which will allow this section of NFPA-10 to remain current while height limits continue evolve over time.


Submitter Full Name: KEVIN KOZLOWSKI

Organization: KNOWLEMICS CORPORATION

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Fri Apr 04 15:07:54 EDT 2014


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Public Input No. 153-NFPA 10-2014 [ Chapter 3 ]

Chapter

3

1

Definitions

Administration

3

1 .1 *

General

Scope .

The

definitions contained in this chapter shall

provisions of this standard apply to the

terms used in this standard. Where terms are not defined in this chapter or within another chapter, they shall be defined using their ordinarily acceptedmeanings within the context in which they are used. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary , 11th edition, shall be the source for the ordinarily acceptedmeaning.

3.2 NFPA Official Definitions.

3.2.1 * Approved.

Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.

3.2.2 * Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).

An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or aprocedure.

3.2.3 Labeled.

Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an organization that is acceptable to the authority havingjurisdiction and concerned with product evaluation, that maintains periodic inspection of production of labeled equipment or materials, and by whose labeling themanufacturer indicates compliance with appropriate standards or performance in a specified manner.

3.2.4 * Listed.

Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned withevaluation of products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evaluation of services, and whoselisting states that either the equipment, material, or service meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specifiedpurpose.

3.2.5 Shall.

Indicates a mandatory requirement.

3.2.6 Should.

Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.

3.2.7 Standard.

A document, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to indicate requirements and which is in a form generally suitablefor mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adoption into law. Nonmandatory provisions are not to be considered a part of the requirements of astandard and shall be located in an appendix, annex, footnote, informational note, or other means as permitted in the Manual of Style for NFPA TechnicalCommittee Documents .

3.3 General Definitions.

3.3.1 ANSI.

American National Standards Institute. [ 52, 2013]

3.3.2 Antifreeze Charge.

See 3.3.20 , Loaded Stream Charge.

3.3.3 * Carbon Dioxide.

A colorless, odorless, electrically nonconductive inert gas that is a suitable medium for extinguishing Class B and Class C fires.

3.3.4 Chemical.

3.3.4.1 * Dry Chemical.

A powder composed of very small particles, usually sodium bicarbonate-, potassium bicarbonate-, or ammonium phosphate-based with added particulatematerial supplemented by special treatment to provide resistance to packing, resistance to moisture absorption (caking), and the proper flow capabilities. [ 17,2013]

3.3.4.2 * Wet Chemical.

Normally an aqueous solution of organic or inorganic salts or a combination thereof that forms an extinguishing agent. [ 17A, 2013]

3.3.5 Clean Agent.

Electrically non-conducting, volatile, or gaseous fire extinguishant that does not leave a residue upon evaporation.

3.3.6 Closed Recovery System.

3.3.6.1 Dry Chemical Closed Recovery System.

A system that is constructed in a manner that does not introduce foreign material into the agent being recovered and has a means of visually inspecting therecovered agent for contaminants.

3.3.6.2 Halogenated Closed Recovery System.

A system that provides for the transfer of halogenated agents between fire extinguishers, supply containers, and recharge and recovery containers so that noneof the halogenated agent escapes to the atmosphere. Closed recovery systems for halogenated agents with an ozone depleting potential (ODP) of 0.2 orgreater should be listed for use with that agent. The system's supply or recharge and recovery container is capable of maintaining the agent in a sealedenvironment until it is reused or returned to the agent manufacturer.

3.3.7 Cylinder.

3.3.7.1 High-Pressure Cylinder.

Cylinders (and cartridges) containing nitrogen, compressed air, carbon dioxide, or other gases at a pressure higher than 500 psi (3447 kPa) at 70°F (21°C).

3.3.7.2 Low-Pressure Cylinder.

Cylinders containing fire-extinguishing agent (medium), nitrogen, compressed air, or other compressed gases at a service pressure of 500 psi (3447 kPa) orlower at 70°F (21°C).

3.3.8 DOT.

U.S. Department of Transportation. [ 52 , 2013]


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3.3.9 * Dry Powder.

Solid materials in powder or granular form designed to extinguish Class D combustible metal fires by crusting, smothering, or heat-transferring means.

3.3.10 * Electronic Monitoring.

A method of electronic communication (data transmission) between an in-place fire extinguisher and an electronic monitoring device/system.

3.3.11 Extinguisher Bracket.

Extinguisher retention device designed to mount and secure a specific extinguisher model onto various surfaces by incorporating releasable straps or bands tosecure the fire extinguisher.

3.3.12 Extinguisher Cabinet.

An identifiable and readily accessible fire extinguisher housing device designed to store and protect fire equipment.

3.3.13 Extinguisher Hanger.

Extinguisher mounting device designed for mounting a specific extinguisher model onto stationary vertical surfaces.

3.3.14 * Extinguisher Inspection.

A quick check that a fire extinguisher is in its designated place, that it has not been actuated or tampered with, and that there is no obvious physical damage orcondition to prevent its operation.

3.3.15 * Extinguisher Maintenance.

A thorough examination of the fire extinguisher that is intended to give maximum assurance that a fire extinguisher will operate effectively and safely and todetermine if physical damage or condition will prevent its operation, if any repair or replacement is necessary, and if hydrostatic testing or internal maintenanceis required.

3.3.16 * Film-Forming Foam Agents.

Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) and film-forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP).

3.3.17 Flammable Liquids of Appreciable Depth.

Flammable liquids of appreciable depth are those with a depth greater than 1 ⁄ 4 in. (6.3 mm).

3.3.18 * Halogenated Agents.

Halogenated (clean) agents referenced in this standard are of the following types.

3.3.18.1 Halocarbons.

Halocarbon agents include hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), perfluorocarbon (PFC), fluoroiodocarbon (FIC) types of agents, andother halocarbons that are found acceptable under the Environmental Protection Agency Significant New Alternatives Policy program.

3.3.18.2 Halons.

Halons include bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon 1211), bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301), and mixtures of Halon 1211 and Halon 1301 (Halon1211/1301).

3.3.19 Hydrostatic Testing.

Pressure testing of the extinguisher to verify its strength against unwanted rupture.

3.3.20 * Loaded Stream Charge.

A water-based extinguishing agent that uses an alkali metal salt as a freezing point depressant.

3.3.21 Mild Steel Shell.

All steel shells other than stainless steel and steel shells used for high-pressure cylinders.

3.3.22 Pressure.

3.3.22.1 Extinguisher Service Pressure.

The normal operating pressure as indicated on the nameplate or cylinder of a fire extinguisher.

3.3.22.2 Factory Test Pressure.

The pressure shown on the nameplate at which a shell was tested at time of manufacture.

3.3.23 Pressurized Flammable Liquid Fires.

Fires resulting from liquids that are forced, pumped, or sprayed.

3.3.24 Recharging.

The replacement of the extinguishing agent (also includes the expellant for certain types of fire extinguishers).

3.3.25 Servicing.

Performing maintenance, recharging, or hydrostatic testing on a fire extinguisher.

3.3.26 TC.

Transport Canada, formerly Canada Transport Commission (CTC), which has jurisdiction over high- and low-pressure cylinders and cartridges in Canada.

3.3.27 Travel Distance.

The actual walking distance from any point to the nearest fire extinguisher fulfilling hazard requirements.

3.3.28 Wetting Agent.

A concentrate which, when added to water reduces the surface tension and increases its ability to penetrate and spread. [ 18, 2011]

3.4 Fire Extinguisher Definitions.

3.4.1 Cartridge/Cylinder-Operated Fire Extinguisher.

A fire extinguisher in which the expellant gas is in a separate container from the agent storage container.

3.4.2 * Nonrechargeable (Nonrefillable) Fire Extinguisher.

A fire extinguisher that is intended to be used one time and not capable of or intended to be recharged and returned to service.

3.4.3 Portable Fire Extinguisher.

A portable device, carried or on wheels and operated by hand, containing an extinguishing agent that can be expelled under pressure for the purpose ofsuppressing or extinguishing fire.

3.4.4 * Rechargeable (Refillable) Fire Extinguisher.

A fire extinguisher capable of undergoing complete maintenance, including internal inspection of the pressure vessel, replacement of all substandard parts andseals, and hydrostatic testing.

3.4.5 Self-Expelling Fire Extinguisher.

A fire extinguisher in which the agent has sufficient vapor pressure at normal operating temperatures to expel itself.

3.4.6 Stored-Pressure Fire Extinguisher.

A fire extinguisher in which both the extinguishing agent and expellant gas are kept in a single container, and that includes a pressure indicator or gauge.

3.4.7 Water Mist Fire Extinguisher.

A fire extinguisher containing distilled or de-ionized water and employing a nozzle that discharges the agent in a fine spray.

3.4.8 Water-Type Fire Extinguisher.

A fire extinguisher containing water-based agents, such as water, film-forming foam agents (AFFF, FFFP), antifreeze, loaded stream, and wet chemical.


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3.4.9 Wheeled Fire Extinguisher.

A portable fire extinguisher equipped with a carriage and wheels intended to be transported to the fire by one person. (See A.5.3.2.7 .

selection, installation, inspection, maintenance, recharging, and testing of portable fire extinguishers and Class D extinguishing agents.

1.1.1

The requirements given herein are minimum.

1.1.2

The requirements shall not apply to permanently installed systems for fire extinguishment, even where portions of such systems are portable (such as hoseand nozzles attached to a fixed supply of extinguishing agent).

1.2 * Purpose.

This standard is prepared for use by and guidance of persons charged with selecting, purchasing, installing, approving, listing, designing, and maintainingportable fire extinguishers and Class D extinguishing agents.

1.2.1

The fire protection requirements of this standard are general in nature and are not intended to abrogate the specific requirements of other NFPA standardsfor specific occupancies.

1.2.2

Nothing in this standard shall be construed as a restriction on new technologies or alternative arrangements, provided that the level of protection as hereindescribed is not lowered and is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.

1.3 Units.

1.3.1

Metric units of measurement in this standard are in accordance with the modernized metric system known as the International System of Units (SI).

1.3.1.1

The units are listed in Table 1.3.1.1 with conversion factors.

Table 1.3.1.1 Metric Units of Measurement

Name of Unit Abbreviation Conversion Factor

Liter L 1 gal = 3.785 L

Millimeter mm 1 in. = 25.4 mm

Meter m 1 ft = 0.305 m

Kilogram kg 1 lb (mass) = 0.454 kg

Degree Celsius °C 5 ⁄ 9 (°F - 32) = °C

Bar bar 1 psi = 0.0689 bar

1.3.1.2

If a value for measurement as given in this standard is followed by an equivalent value in other units, the first stated is to be regarded as the requirement.

1.3.1.3

A given equivalent value shall be permitted to be considered approximate.

1.3.2

The conversion procedure for the SI units is to multiply the quantity by the conversion factor and then round the result to the appropriate number of significantdigits.

. )



Submitter Full Name: Anita Kohn

Organization: Ohiohealth

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Mon Apr 07 11:16:47 EDT 2014


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3.3.10* Electronic Monitoring.

A Either a local alarm device to indicate when an extinguisher is removed from its designated location or a method of electronic communication (datatransmission) between an in-place fire extinguisher and an electronic monitoring device/system.


The current definition does not include the local alarm device identified in 7.2.1.4. Additional text is needed to describe this device.


Submitter Full Name: Mark Conroy

Organization: Brooks Equipment Company

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Tue Dec 16 09:26:36 EST 2014


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3.3.16 * Film-Forming Foam Agents.

Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) and film-forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP).


The terms AFFF and FFFP are used more throughout the standard (see 5.5.3, 6.3.1.1.2, 6.3.1.1.3, 6.3.2.4, 6.3.2.5, 6.3.2.6, Table 7.3.3.1, 7.7.2.3, 7.7.2.3.1, 7.7.2.3.3, 7.10.4.1, and Table 8.3.1). The defined term is only used in A.3.3.16, 3.4.8 (another definition) and D.4.2.




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Public Input No. 276-NFPA 10-2014 [ New Section after 3.3.27 ]

New annex material for 3.3.27

A.3.3.27 For Class A hazards, travel distance is from any point to an extinguisher. For Class B, D, and K hazards, travel distance is measured from the hazardto an extinguisher (or agent container for Class D). Travel distance will be affected by partitions, location of doorways, aisles, piles of stored materials,machinery, and other walking obstructions. It is important to consider these obstructions as a person retrieving an extinguisher will need to walk aroundobstructions, which takes time.


There is a need for an explanation of travel distance. For Class A hazards, travel distance is from any point to an extinguisher. For Class B, D, and K hazards, travel distance is measured from the hazard to an extinguisher (or agent container for Class D).




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3.3.27 Travel Distance.

The actual Actual walking distance from any point to the nearest fire extinguisher fulfilling hazard requirements .


The current definition is inaccurate. For Class A hazards, travel distance is from any point to an extinguisher. For Class B, D, and K hazards, travel distance is measured from the hazard to an extinguisher (or agent container for Class D).




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4.1.1*

Portable fire extinguishers used to comply with this standard shall be listed and labeled and shall meet or exceed all the requirements of one of the followingfire test standards and one of the following applicable performance standards: Fire test standards:

of ANSI/UL 711, CAN/ULC-S508, Standard for Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers Performance and one of the following applicable performancestandards:

(1)

(2)

(a) Carbon dioxide types: ANSI/UL 154, CAN/ULC-S508, Standard for Carbon-Dioxide Fire Extinguishers

(b) Dry chemical types: ANSI/UL 299, CAN/ULC-S504, Standard for Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers

(c) Water types: ANSI/UL 626, CAN/ULC-S507, Standard for Water Fire Extinguishers

(d) Halon types: CAN/ULC-S512, Standard for Halogenated Agent Hand and Wheeled Fire Extinguishers

(e) Film-forming foam types: ANSI/UL 8, CAN/ULC-S554, Water Based Agent Fire Extinguishers

(f) Halocarbon types: ANSI/UL 2129, CAN/ULC-S566, Standard for Halocarbon Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers


Editorial.




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TITLE OF NEW CONTENT

Type your content here ...


Add a new requirement to the extinguisher label.

Add to the label or have it stamped into the bottom of the extinguisher shell the date of manufacture.

It is sometimes hard to find on an extinguisher when the extinguisher was made. This date is needed to determine the 6 and 12 year maint. requirements. Requireing it to be placed in the same place for all extinguishers will standize this information and easier to preform the maint.


Submitter Full Name: Donald Turno

Organization: Savannah River Nuclear Solutions

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Submittal Date: Thu Mar 06 14:09:13 EST 2014


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Public Input No. 123-NFPA 10-2013 [ Section No. 4.1.2 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]

Each fire extinguisher shall be marked with the following:

(1) Identification of the listing and labeling organization

(2) Product category indicating the type of extinguisher

(3) Extinguisher classification as indicated in Section 5.3

(4) Performance and fire test standards that the extinguisher meets or exceeds

(5) Flow Rate


Thie addition of the flow rate to the label will make it easier to know that you have the proper fire extinguisher listed for areas that cover 3D fires as required in section 5.5.2 and 5.5.4.



Organization: Savannah River Nuclear Solution

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Each fire extinguisher shall be marked with the following:

(1) Identification of the listing and labeling organization

(2) Product category indicating the type of extinguisher

(3) Extinguisher classification as indicated in Section 5.3

(4) Performance and fire test standards that the extinguisher meets or exceeds

(5) Discharge / Flow Rate


NFPA requires Hi-Flow extinguishers at motor fuel dispensing facilities. Current models do not identify flow rate to determine they meet that requirement.


Submitter Full Name: Jeff Schroeder

Organization: WSDOT

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Submittal Date: Wed Jun 04 12:24:56 EDT 2014


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Public Input No. 118-NFPA 10-2013 [ Section No. 4.1.2.1 ]

4.1.2.1

Fire extinguishers manufactured prior to January 1, 1986, shall not be required to comply with 4.1.2. and thoses extinughishers that no longer provide coveragearea requirements as set forth by the new UL/ULC fire test standard. An example is the 10-A 60:B-C.


The 10-A 60 BC no longer meets the UL/ULC fire test for A rated sqft. The standard does not require that the extinguisher need to be removed but they are obsolete. Standard needs to address how to replace these extinguishers. All at once, when they are due for maint. or have a qualified individual review the coverage ans suggest new spacing or additional fire extinguishers.

The latest edition of NFPA 10 cites obsolete types of extinguishers that must be removed, but has made no suggestion that an extinguisher must be replaced if listed prior to the UL/ULC changes in the testing protocol unless manufactured prior to October 1984. NFPA 10, Section 5.3.2.1, states that for protection of Class A hazards, fire extinguishers must be selected from types listed and labeled for use on Class A fires




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Public Input No. 82-NFPA 10-2013 [ New Section after 4.1.3.3 ]

4.1.4 Non-Listed Fire Protection or Suppression Devices and Equipment.4.1.4.1 It shall be unlawful to market, sell, advertise, or distribute any device or equipment as suitable for fire protection or fire suppressionpurposes unless the device or equipment is listed for such purpose by a nationally recognized testing laboratory or as otherwise permitted by4.1.4.2. (1:13.9.1)4.1.4.2 The requirements of 4.1.4.1 shall not apply where NFPA standards, other adopted standards, or the adopted code allow the use ofnon-listed fire protection or suppression equipment. (1:13.9.2)


The proposed language comes from NFPA 1. The language needs to be included as there are many new products being marketed that do not comply with the listing requirements for fire extinguishers.


Submitter Full Name: Bill Galloway

Organization: Southern Regional Fire Code De

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Submittal Date: Tue Oct 29 15:15:17 EDT 2013


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4.1.4.1

In addition to successfully meeting the requirements of ANSI/UL 711, CAN/ULC-S508, water-based agents that are listed for the Class C rating shall be testedin accordance with ASTM D 5391, Standard Test for Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of a Flowing High Purity Water Sample.


Clarification. This requirement only applies to extinguishers that are listed for the Class C rating such as water mist extinguishers.




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4.1.4.3

Paragraphs 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2 shall apply only to water -based extinguishers manufactured after August 15, 2002 mist extinguishers .


This requirement should apply to all water mist extinguishers.




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Public Input No. 266-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. 4.4 ]

4.4 Obsolete Fire Extinguishers.

The following types of fire extinguishers are considered obsolete and shall be removed from service:

(1) Soda acid

(2) Chemical foam (excluding film-forming agents)

(3) Vaporizing liquid (e.g., carbon tetrachloride)

(4) Cartridge-operated water

(5) Cartridge-operated loaded stream

(6) Copper or brass shell (excluding pump tanks) joined by soft solder or rivets

(7) Carbon dioxide extinguishers with metal horns

(8) Solid charge–type AFFF extinguishers (paper cartridge)

(9) Pressurized water fire extinguishers manufactured prior to 1971

(10) Any extinguisher that needs to be inverted to operate

(11) Any stored pressure extinguisher manufactured prior to 1955

(12) Any extinguishers with 4B, 6B, 8B, 12B, and 16B fire ratings

(13) Stored-pressure water extinguishers with fiberglass shells (pre-1976)

4.4.1 *

Dry chemical stored-pressure extinguishers manufactured prior to October 1984 shall be removed from service at the next 6-year maintenance interval or thenext hydrotest, whichever comes first.

4.4.1.1

Subsection 4.4.1 shall not apply to wheeled-type dry chemical stored-pressure fire extinguishers.

4.4.2 *

Any fire extinguisher that can no longer be serviced in accordance with the manufacturer's maintenance manual is considered obsolete and shall be removedfrom service.


Extinguishers manufactured prior to 1955 are obsolete, were tested to an outdated standard, rated with an outdated rating system, are 60 years old or older, and do not have current manuals or OEM parts available. These extinguishers should be removed from service.


Submitter Full Name: Jennifer Boyle

Organization: Jim Tidwell, Tidwell Code Consulting

Affilliation: Fire Equipment Manufacturers Association (FEMA)

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Public Input No. 328-NFPA 10-2015 [ Section No. 4.4 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]

The following types of fire extinguishers are considered obsolete and shall be removed from service:

(1) Soda acid


(3) Vaporizing liquid (e.g., carbon tetrachloride) Carbon Tetrachloride



(6) Copper or brass shell (excluding pump tanks) joined by soft solder or rivets

(7) Carbon dioxide extinguishers with metal horns

(8) Solid charge–type AFFF extinguishers (paper cartridge)

(9) Pressurized water fire extinguishers manufactured prior to 1971

(10) Any extinguisher that needs to be inverted to operate

(11) Any stored pressure extinguisher manufactured prior to 1955

(12) Any extinguishers with 4B, 6B, 8B, 12B, and 16B fire ratings

(13) Stored-pressure water extinguishers with fiberglass shells (pre-1976)


Number (3), as written, eliminates all vaporizing liquid extinguishing agents. There are currently numerous types of vaporizing liquid clean extinguishing agents in use today that are acceptable, i.e. Halon 1211 and Halotron 1. Though these agents may be categorized as Halogenated Agents, they still also fall under the broader general category of "vaporizing liquids". If left as written, #3 automatically obsoletes all of those acceptable vaporizing liquid extinguishing agents - both currently in use and those to come in the future. My recommendation is remove the "vaporizing liquid" description and to specifically list those agents that need to be obsoleted.


Submitter Full Name: Thomas Farruggia

Organization: Illinois Fire & Safety Company

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4.4.1 *

Dry chemical stored-pressure extinguishers manufactured prior to October 1984 shall be removed from service at the next 6-year maintenance interval or thenext hydrotest, whichever comes first .

4.4.1.1

Subsection 4.4.1 shall not apply to wheeled-type dry chemical stored-pressure fire extinguishers.


All hydrotest dates have passed for stored pressure extinguishers manufactured prior to October, 1984, thus there is no reason to maintain this language.





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Dry chemical stored-pressure extinguishers manufactured prior to October 1984 with an indicated manufacturing date of 1984 or prior shall be removed fromservice at the next 6-year maintenance interval or the next hydrotest, whichever comes first .


In the 2007 edition of NFPA-10 (6 years ago), this section was exactly the same. However, it states that these extinguishers shall be removed from service at the next 6-year maintenance interval or hydro test. If a fire extinguisher received 6-year maintenance in 2006, just before the 2007 edition of NFPA-10, than that extinguisher is up for “the next 6-year maintenance” in 2012. So I was expecting the 2013 edition of NFPA-10 to re-word this section as to require the removal of service to be immediately. A similar matter was addressed in section 5.5.5.4 of the 2007 edition of NFPA-10 regarding fire extinguishers without Class K rating that were installed for the protection of Class K hazard. In 2013 this section (5.5.5.4) was eliminated and 5.5.5 prevailed because the 6-year maintenance interval had already passed since 2007.The same should apply to section 4.4.1.Furthermore, including the month (October) can be a matter of much debate between someone that is unaware of the year changing month in manufacturing fire extinguishers. Besides, if a fire extinguisher was manufactured prior of October 1984 the indicated manufacturing date on the cylinder will be “1984”, but if it was manufactured in October 1984 or after, the manufacturing date on the cylinder will be “1985”. So if section 4.4.1 was to be re-worded as to eliminate the month and just specify the manufacturing year, much confusion would be avoided.In the 2007 edition of NFPA-10 (6 years ago), this section was exactly the same. However, it states that these extinguishers shall be removed from service at the next 6-year maintenance interval or hydro test. If a fire extinguisher received 6-year maintenance in 2006, just before the 2007 edition of NFPA-10, than that extinguisher is up for “the next 6-year maintenance” in 2012. So I was expecting the 2013 edition of NFPA-10 to re-word this section as to require the removal of service to be immediately. A similar matter was addressed in section 5.5.5.4 of the 2007 edition of NFPA-10 regarding fire extinguishers without Class K rating that were installed for the protection of Class K hazard. In 2013 this section (5.5.5.4) was eliminated and 5.5.5 prevailed because the 6-year maintenance interval had already passed since 2007.The same should apply to section 4.4.1.Furthermore, including the month (October) can be a matter of much debate between someone that is unaware of the year changing month in manufacturing fire extinguishers. Besides, if a fire extinguisher was manufactured prior of October 1984 the indicated manufacturing date on the cylinder will be “1984”, but if it was manufactured in October 1984 or after, the manufacturing date on the cylinder will be “1985”. So if section 4.4.1 was to be re-worded as to eliminate the month and just specify the manufacturing year, much confusion would be avoided.


Submitter Full Name: EDGAR RIVERA

Organization: LIMAY INC DBA XTINTORES DEL SURESTE

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Submittal Date: Wed Nov 06 20:59:50 EST 2013


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5.3.2.4*.1

Fire extinguishers and extinguishing agents for the protection of Class D hazards shall be of the types specifically listed and labeled for use on the specificcombustible metal hazard.

5.3.2.4 .2 The criteria for determining the threshold where Class D fire extinguishers are required shall be determined on the basis of a risk

assessment approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Annex ItemA.5.3.2.4.2Among the criteria for this determination shall be the quantity of Class D material, its method of handling and whether the premises is

sprinklered.


In some laboratory environments combustible metals are used in very small quantities. Class D fire extinguishers are relatively costly to buy and maintain . Where the quantity is very small -- and the premises where the material is being used is protected with sprinklers or other apparatus that isolates a fire risk -- a Class D fire extinguisher in an isolated location may not reduce overall risk as much as having portable extinguishers for other fire hazards in other locations in the facility that may not be sprinklered.

Scale, balance and cost rationalization are essential components of an effective fire safety program in light of the fact that it is financially impossible to conform to codes and standards that govern all safety risks. Securing a risk assessment that takes a broader view of the facility protection regime may inform the allocation of fire protection technology that has the practical effect of netting greater fire protection and safety.


Submitter Full Name: Michael Anthony

Organization: University of Michigan

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5.5.1.1.2 *

5.5.1.1* Extinguishers for Pressurized Flammable Liquids and Pressurized Gas Fires.

5.5.1.1.1

Selection of fire extinguishers for this type of hazard shall be made on the basis of recommendations by manufacturers of this specialized equipment.

Large-capacity dry chemical extinguishers of 10 lb (4.54 kg) or greater and a discharge rate of 1 lb/sec (0.45 kg/sec) or more shall be used to protect thesehazards.


Existing 5.5.1.1.2 contains the manufacturer's recommendation therefore 5.5.1.1 should be deleted.




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Public Input No. 327-NFPA 10-2015 [ Sections 5.5.3, 5.5.4 ]

Sections 5.5.3, 5.5.4

5.5.3 4 Water-Soluble Flammable Liquid Fires (Polar Solvents).

Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) and film-forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP) types of fire extinguishers shall not be used for the protection of water-solubleflammable liquids, such as alcohols, acetone, esters, ketones, and so forth, unless specifically referenced on the fire extinguisher nameplate.

5.5.4 3 Obstacle Fires.

Selection of a fire extinguisher for this type of hazard shall be based on one of the following:

(1) Extinguisher containing a vapor-suppressing foam agent

(2)

(3) Larger capacity extinguishers of 10 lb (4.54 kg) or greater and a minimum discharge rate of 1 lb/sec (0.45 kg/sec)


More logical order of the paragraphs.




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* Multiple extinguishers containing non-vapor-suppressing Class B agents intended for simultaneous application


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5.5.4 Obstacle Fires.

Selection of a fire extinguisher for this type of hazard shall be based on one of the following:

(1) Extinguisher containing a vapor-suppressing foam agent

(2)

(3) Larger capacity extinguishers of 10 lb (4.54 kg) or greater and a minimum discharge rate of 1 lb/sec (0.45 kg/sec) Extinguishers not meeting the new flowrate may be replaced on a schedule approved by the AHJ.


Section 5.5.4 number (3 ")Larger capacity extinguishers of 10 lb (4.54 kg) or greater and a minimum discharge rate of 1 lb/sec (0.45 kg/sec)" was changed ithis edition and the last edition to require an increase in flow rate from previous editions of NFPA 10. Although I do not disagree with the increase in flow rate I do think that there should be time allowed to meet this increase. Extinguishers should be replaced when they fail hydro or after 12 years or an approved agree upon plan with the AHJ. An example is the Sentry 10 A10H has a discharge rate of 0.52 lb/sec and the Sentry 10 AA10S has a discharge rate of 0.52 lb / sec. By allowing for time to replace these extinguishers we are avoiding unnecessary cost and materl excessed for recycling. This also allows the owner, AHJ and vendor time to implement a change and spread the cost out.




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* Multiple extinguishers containing non-vapor-suppressing Class B agents intended for simultaneous application


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5.5.7.1

Only water-type extinguishers shall be installed in areas containing oxidizers, such as pool chemicals

Fire extinguishers intended for use on oxidizer fires, shall be selected and installed based upon the specific recommendations contained within thematerials SDS or MSDS .


There are oxidizers that specifically advise against the application of water. Because the specific type of oxidizer, state of the material and the quantiy present can affect various extinguishment recommendations, referencing the materials SDS is advisable. This proposal also helps clarify the intent assoicated with the selection and placement of fire extinguishers specifically intended for use addressing oxidizer fire situations.


Submitter Full Name: J. Nerat

Organization: UTC/Badger Fire Protection

Affilliation: NFPA Industrial Section

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Submittal Date: Mon Jan 05 16:32:13 EST 2015


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Extinguisherextinguisher

Extinguisher extinguisher

Public Input No. 329-NFPA 10-2015 [ Sections 5.5.7.1, 5.5.7.2 ]

Sections 5.5.7.1, 5.5.7.2, 5.5.7.3

5.5.7.1

Only water-type extinguishers shall be installed in areas containing oxidizers, such as pool chemicals Dry Chemical and CO2 s. Theplacement and use of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) or dry chemical s containing ammonium compounds (Class A:B:C) shall be prohibited in

areas where oxidizers that can release chlorine or bromine are stored .

5.5.7.2

*

Multipurpose dry chemical fire

Halon s. Halon s shall not be used in areas where oxidizers are stored.

5.5.7.3

Halocarbon Clean Agent Extinguishers. Halocarbon cean agent extinguishers shall not be installed used in areas containing where oxidizers , such aspool chemicals. are stored, unless they have been tested to the satisfaction of the AHJ.


The proposed change is necessary for several reasons. First, the proposed change brings NFPA 10 in line with the 2013 edition of NFPA 400 - Hazardous Materials Code. Second the proposed change provides additional valuable guidance concerning the use of halon and halocarbon extinguishers on fires involving oxidizers. Third, the proposed language restores the original intent of the section, which was to prohibit just the use of dry chemicals containing ammonium compounds, and not ALL dry chemicals. Fourth, the proposed language restores the original intent of the section, which was to prohibit the use of ammonium based agents in areas where oxidizers can release chlorine and not prohibit the use of ALL dry chemicals on ALL types of oxidizers, as it stands currently. Fifth, the proposed language would restore congruity with the verbiage found in the 2013 edition of NFPA 10 in Annex H.2 (6) which states that "A dry chemical fire extinguisher containing ammonium compounds should not be used on oxidizers that contain chlorine. The reaction between the oxidizer and the ammonium salts can produce the explosive compound nitrogen trichloride (NCl3)." Finally, water-type fire extinguishers are not acceptable to use on all types of oxidizers, as our current language suggests. For example, sodium peroxide is an oxidizer that reacts "violently with water" and the MSD specifically requires the use of dry chemical. Therefore, specifying that only water types should be used could create a serious safety problem with certain oxidizers. Additionally, oxidizers can take the form of solid, liquid, or gas and water may not be effective on oxidizers in certain forms. Those who specify extinguishing agents should be able to reference the MSDS and recommend the agent that is safe to use and most effective for the particular type of oxidizer in the specific state (solid, liquid, or gas) in which it is found.




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6.1.1.2

Additional extinguishers shall be permitted to be installed to provide more protection as necessary .


More extinguishers should be allowed, independent of whether or not they are considered necessary.




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6.1.1.3

Fire extinguishers having ratings less than those specified in Table 6.2.1.1 and Table 6.3.1.1 shall be permitted to be installed, provided they are not used infulfilling the minimum protective requirements of this chapter, except as modified in 6.2.1.3.1, 6.2.1.4, and 6.3.1.1 .1.


The correct reference is 6.3.1.1.1.




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6.1.3.2

Fire extinguishers shall be located along normal paths of travel, including exits from the exit acess from areas.


The path leading from areas in a means of egress is called the exit access, not the exit. For example, the “exit” from an upper level of a building typically occurs from the time you enter the exit stairwell until you arrive at the “exit discharge” outside the building.


Submitter Full Name: John Chartier

Organization: Northeastern Regional Fire Cod

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6.1.3.2

Fire extinguishers shall be located along normal paths of travel , including exits from areas .

Additional Proposed Changes

File Name Description Approved

10_Cohen_6.1.3.2.pdf Cover Sheet


I do not think fire extinguishers should be placed in stairways, exit passageways, and other areas where persons are considered "safe" from the fire area. Once in an exit (as defined by NFPA 101), persons should follow the egress flow and evacuate the building. The idea of safely reaching an exit, and then suggesting that a person should re-enter the hazardous area with a fire extinguisher is against all concepts established by NFPA 101, good judgment, and prudency.


Submitter Full Name: Hal Cohen

Organization: HCC and Associates, Inc.

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Public Input No. 281-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. 6.1.3.3.1 ]

6.1.3.3.1

Fire extinguishers shall not be obstructed or obscured from view. be installed in locations where they are visible except as permitted by 6.1.3.3.2..


Since this is the installation chapter, this requirement should pertain to properly installing the extinguisher.




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6.1.3.3.2*

In large rooms and in certain locations where visual obstructions cannot be completely avoided, means signs shall be provided to indicate the extinguisherlocation.


As a minimum, signs need to be provided. Additionally, arrows, lights, signs, or coding of the wall or column can be provided as noted in the annex.




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6.1.3.3.3

Where signs are Signs used to indicate fire extinguisher location, the signs shall comply with the following:

(1) They Signs shall be located in close proximity to the extinguisher.

(2) They Signs shall be visible from the normal path of travel.


Clarification.




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6.1.3.4 *

Portable fire extinguishers other than wheeled extinguishers shall be installed using any of the following means:

(1) Securely on a hanger intended for the extinguisher

(2) In the bracket supplied by the extinguisher manufacturer

(3) In a listed bracket approved for such purpose

(4) In approved cabinets or wall recesses


Too often building occupants/owners believe an extinguisher can be placed in a general use cabinet along with other buisiness storage.


Submitter Full Name: JOHN PATTERSON

Organization: Jackson County Fire District 3

Affilliation: NFPA Western Regional Code Development Committee

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Submittal Date: Sun Sep 22 13:55:01 EDT 2013


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6.1.3.7

Fire extinguishers installed under conditions where or in locations where they are subject to physical damage (e.g., from impact, vibration, the environment)shall be protected against such damage.


Wording clarification.




Affilliation: NFPA Western Regional Code Development Committee

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6.1.3.8.1

Fire extinguishers having a gross weight not exceeding 40 lb (18.14 kg) shall be installed so that the top of the fire extinguisher is not more than 5 than 4 ft(1.53 22 m) above the floor.


The Americans with Disabilities Act and ANSI A117.1 both limit the height of accessible objects to 48 inches.




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Public Input No. 148-NFPA 10-2014 [ New Section after 6.1.3.8.3 ]

Fire extinguishers, brackets, and cabinets whose bottom edge is higher than 27 inches (686 mm) should not protrude more than 4 inches (100 mm)into the adjacent path of travel, per ADA & ANSI A117.1 requirements.

For juristictions subject to ISO 21542 accessibility requirements: Fire extinguishers, brackets, and cabinets whose bottom edge is higher than 11.8 inches (300mm) should not protrude more than 4 inches (100 mm) into the adjacent path of travel.


Presently, NFPA-10 does not recognize nor reference the Americans with Disabilities Act requirements or ANSI A117.1. In countries outside the USA, which use NFPA-10, there are accessibility standards, such as ISO 21542, being incorporated into National and local building codes.




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Accessibility Codes & Requirements

For jurisdictions which recognize accessibility codes other than the Americans with Disabilities Act, these codes shall dictate the allowed height of installationand depth of protrusion, however they shall not exceed the maximimum limits as stated in the sections above.


This rule defers to local accessibility laws to define limits for maximum height and depth or protrusion. Some countries outside the USA use NFPA-10, and this allows their own accessibility codes, such as ISO 21542, to work in harmony with NFPA-10.




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6.1.3.9.1

The extinguisher operating instructions Fire extinguishers shall be located on the front of the extinguisher and shall be clearly visible installed so that the fireextinguisher’s operating instructions face outward .


The requirement should be updated to relate to the installation of the extinguisher, rather than the placement of the instructions on the extinguisher. The proposed wording matches the requirement for cabinets (6.1.3.10.3).




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6.1.3.10.6 Only surface mounted cabinets or fire-rated cabinets shall be installed in 1-hour and 2-hour fire-resistance-rated walls.


Only surface mounted cabinets or fire-rated cabinets which are specially constructed with gypsum board installed on the sides, top, bottom, and back and are intended to be installed in 1-hour and 2-hour fire-resistance-rated walls. Cabinets that are not fire-rated should not be installed in these walls as they would make the entire fire-rated wall non-compliant.




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6.1.4.3 Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol solutions shall not be used in fire extinguishers.


Research into these chemicals used in water based fire suppression systems indicates that they may possibly result in fueling a fire rather than extinguishing it. The most prudent action for the committee to take is to prohibit these until and unless evidence is submitted to assure that their use in portable extinguishers does not present similar problems as those with sprinkler systems.



Organization: Jim Tidwell, Tidwell Consulting


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A. 6.1.4.2

Calcium chloride solutions shall are not permitted to be used in stainless steel fire extinguishers.


Paragraph 6.1.4.1 does not permit anything to be used that is not on the extinguisher nameplate. This material is explanatory and belongs in the annex.




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6.1.5 Electronic Monitoring and Alarm System.

6.1.5.1

When an Electronic Monitoring and Alarm System is required or otherwise installed the following conditions shall be met:

6.1.5.2

The connection to the electronic monitoring device shall be continuously supervised for integrity.

6.1.5. 2 3

The power source for the electronic monitoring device shall be supervised for continuity of power.


Clarification between "shall be" and "shall be installed when required by another code or otherwise installed".Some jurisdictions may take the current language to mean an electronic supervision and alarm system is required for all circumstances.




Affilliation: NFPA Western Regional Code Development Committee Member

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48 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM


6.1.5.1

The connection to the electronic monitoring device shall be continuously supervised for integrity where the devices are connected to a building alarm system .


Local electronic monitoring that provides a signal when the extinguisher is removed (see 7.2.1.4) is not supervised since the device is local and not tied into the building alarm system. Local electronic monitoring equipment provides a reasonable option where extinguisher theft is an issue. This type of electronic monitoring is an add-on option and is used as a theft deterrent and is not intended to replace monthly visual inspections.




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6.1.5.2

The power source for the electronic monitoring device connected to a building alarm system shall be supervised for continuity of power.


Local electronic monitoring that provides a signal when the extinguisher is removed (see 7.2.1.4) is not supervised since the device is local and not tied into the building alarm system. Local electronic monitoring equipment provides a reasonable option where extinguisher theft is an issue. This electronic monitoring is an add-on option as a theft deterrent and is not intended to replace monthly visual inspections.




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6.2.1.1

Minimal sizes of fire extinguishers for the listed grades of hazards shall be provided on the basis of Table 6.2.1.1, except as modified by 6.2.1.3.1 and 6.2.1.4.

Table 6.2.1.1 Fire Extinguisher Size and Placement for Class A Hazards

Criteria Light Hazard Occupancy Ordinary Hazard Occupancy Extra Hazard Occupancy

Minimum rated single extinguisher 2-A 2-A 4-A

Maximum floor area per unit of A 3000 ft 2

1500 ft

6,000 ft 2 1000 ft 2

Maximum floor area for extinguisher 11,250 ft 2 11,250 ft 2 11,250 ft 2

Maximum travel distance to extinguisher 75 ft 75 ft 75 ft

For SI units, 1 ft = 0.305 m; 1 ft2 = 0.0929 m2.

Note: For maximum floor area explanations, see E.3.3.


UL and ULC formed a Portable Fire Extinguisher Technical Harmonization Committee to issue a single standard for fire extinguishers. The Portable Extinguisher Technical Harmonization Committee (THC 605) made a change to testing standards ANSI/UL 711 and CAN/ULC S508 in 2002. The change was in the net mass of the wood crib used to establish a 1-A through 10-A rating (i.e., greater than a 40% increase in net mass for a 10-A rating than before). The increase in mass was adopted to align ANSI/UL 711 with CAN/ULC-S508 criteria.

All fire extinguisher manufacturers were required to resubmit their fire extinguishers to UL by February 2011 for retesting. UL 711, Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers, which now is a harmonization of Underwriters Laboratories of Canada CAN/ULC-S508 Fourth Edition and Underwriters Laboratories Inc. ANSI/UL 711 Seventh Edition, has resulted in an A rating for fire extinguishers that is less than previous numeric ratings for the same amount of dry-chemical agent. The results from the new testing criteria, larger wood-crib construction per A classification rating, concludes a fire extinguisher with 10 pounds of dry-chemical agent is now rated as 4-A versus 10-A.

Due to these changes by UL, fire extinguishers with a rating of 10-A:60-B:C is no longer available from the site’s present supplier. The replacement to the former 10-A:60-B:C rated fire extinguishers are 4-A:80-B:C rated. NFPA 10 establishes coverage areas and placement of extinguishers based on these ratings. The issue concerns the A rating of the new fire extinguishers. Per NFPA 10, Table 6.2.1.1 and Annex E, “ordinary hazard occupancy” for Class A hazards has a maximum coverage area of 1500 square feet per unit of A rating. In contrast, “light hazard” is 3000 square feet per unit of A rating and “extra hazard” is 1000 square feet per unit of A rating, In all cases, the maximum floor area for a fire extinguisher is 11,250 square feet. By comparison, the new fire extinguisher rating (4-A) will typically cover 6000 square feet (ordinary hazard), whereas the old fire extinguisher rating (10-A) covered up to the maximum 11,250 square feet. The requirement for maximum travel distance to a fire extinguisher is still 75 feet. With the harmonization of the test standard, replacement extinguishers, rated type 4-A:80-B:C rated, potentially may not comply with the NFPA 10 coverage area requirements if mounted in the same position because the decreased rating has reduced the maximum coverage area by 43%.

Recent editions of NFPA 10 have not made changes to the spacing requirements since the testing requirements by UL/ULC were revised in 2002 . NFPA 10, Section 4.1.1(1), requires extinguishers to be listed and labeled, comply with fire test standard ANSI/UL 711, CAN/ULC-S508, and a performance standard in section 4.1.1(2) that includes ANSI/UL 299, CAN/ULC-S504 for dry chemical agents. ANSI/UL 299 and CAN/ULC-S504 defer to ANSI/UL 711, CAN/ULC S508 for fire test performance.

Committee needs to revisit the table and set new min/max based on the new UL/ULC test data.




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6.2.1.1

Minimal sizes of fire extinguishers for the listed grades of hazards shall be provided on the basis of Table 6.2.1.1, except as modified by 6.2.1.3.1 and 6.2.1.4.

Table 6.2.1.1 Fire Extinguisher Size and Placement for Class A Hazards

Criteria Light Hazard Occupancy Ordinary Hazard Occupancy Extra Hazard Occupancy

Minimum rated single extinguisher 2-A 2-A 4-A

Maximum floor area per unit of A 3000 ft 2 1500 ft 2 1000 ft 2

Maximum floor area

for extinguisher

per extinguisher 11,250 ft 2 11,250 ft 2 11,250 ft 2

Maximum travel distance to extinguisher 75 ft 75 ft 75 ft

For SI units, 1 ft = 0.305 m; 1 ft2 = 0.0929 m2.

Note: For maximum floor area explanations, see E.3.3.


To utilize consistant language between "per unit of A" and "per Extinguisher"





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6.2.1.4.1

Where hose stations are so provided, they shall conform to NFPA 14 and be maintained in accordance with NFPA 1962 .


NFPA 10 fails to emphasize the need for regular maintenance of fire hoses that are installed in lieu of fire extinguishers.

NFPA 10 requires fire extinguishers to be regularly maintained. As long as fire hoses are recognized in NFPA 10 (6.2.1.4) as an acceptable alternative for up to 1/2 of the required complement of class A rated fire extinguishers, it is important that NFPA 10 also require that those fire hoses be properly maintained. NFPA 1962 - Standard for the Care, Use, Inspection, Service Testing, and Replacement of Fire Hose, Couplings, Nozzles, and Fire Hose Appliances - details the maintenance requirements for fire hoses.




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53 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM


6.2.1.6

The protection requirements shall be permitted to be fulfilled with fire extinguishers of higher rating, provided the travel distance to such larger fire extinguishersdoes not exceed 75 ft (22.9 m) and the maximum floor area per unit of A is not exceeded .


Extinguishers installed for Class A building protection must comply with 6.2.1.2.1 and 6.2.1.2.2. The current provision only stipulates the requirement of 6.2.1.2.2.




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6.3.2.7.2

A fire extinguisher installed in the proximity of a hazard shall be located to be accessible in the presence of a fire without undue danger to the operator.


Added language to clarify intent.





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7.2.1.5 Fire extinguishers mounted in vehicles shall be visually inspected daily, or, if the vehicle is not used daily, the fire extinguishers shall beinspected each time the vehicle is used.


Several NFPA standards require portable fire extinguishers in vehicles. These documents refer to NFPA 10 for installation and maintenance criteria. Fire extinguishers in vehicles present different challenges than those in buildings. For instance, mounting extinguishers in vehicles requires a bracket that will hold the extinguisher in place when the vehicle is in motion, or when the vehicle is in an accident. In many cases, the extinguisher is placed in the cargo compartment of the vehicle, where it is subject to impact from other items in the compartment, and temperature extremes not seen in buildings. Because of these potentialities, it becomes necessary for these extinguishers to be checked more frequently than those installed in stationary locations like buildings.





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56 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 186-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. 7.2.1.2 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]

Fire extinguishers and Class D extinguishing agents shall be inspected either manually or by means of an electronic monitoring device/system at intervals notexceeding 31 once each month, not exceeding 45 days.


The 31 day maximum interval for the "monthly" inspection is too restrictive. For example, if the inspection were performed on the first working day of each month, with holidays and weekends: The first weekday of each month till the next month is very often more than the 31 day maximum. During 2014 from Jan. 2 till Feb. 3 is 32 days. From May 1st till June 2nd is again 32 days. From August 1st till Sept. 2nd is 32 days. From October 1st till November 3rd is 33 days. Additionally I feel this very restrictive for me as an outside contractor to have to schedule to be at a customer's facility on the 31 day maximum schedule. It should be lengthened to 45 days. I would normally schedule these inspections at each facility a specific week of the month. For example the technician would be given the work order to perform the inspection during the 1st week of the month. But if a month starts on Thursday or Friday and there is other emergency work and it then gets done early the next week then this would be up to 35 to 40 days. The 45 day timeframe would give a little flexibility.


Submitter Full Name: Craig Sneath

Organization: Sneath Fire Safety Equip. INC

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Submittal Date: Sun Jun 08 21:42:09 EDT 2014


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Periodic inspection or electronic monitoring of fire extinguishers shall include a check of at least the following items:

(1) Location in designated place

(2) No obstruction to access or visibility Extinguisher is easily accessible

(3) Pressure gauge reading or indicator in the operable range or position

(4) Fullness determined by weighing or hefting

(5) Condition of tires, wheels, carriage, hose, and nozzle for wheeled extinguishers

(6) Indicator for nonrechargeable extinguishers using push-to-test pressure indicators


The current wording might conflict with 6.1.3.3.2 for some locations. For every location, accessibility should be verified. Current wording is confusing and could become subjective. New wording provides an enforceable requirement.




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7.2.2.1 (NEW) The owner or the owner’s agent shall determine the method of extinguisher inspection such as manual inspection, electronic monitoring, or anycombination of the two.

7.2.2.2 Any method(s) of inspection other than manual inspection shall require the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.

Renumber existing 7.2.2.1 and 7.2.2.2 as 7.2.2.3 and 7.2.2.4.


The type of inspection service provided should be at the discretion of the building owner or designated agent. The owner or agent should also be the party that determines one method or another or a combination of methods. Any alternate method to visual inspection should be reviewed and approved by the AHJ.




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7.2.2.3 Inspection Procedure for Containers of Class D Extinguishing Agent.

Periodic inspection of containers of Class D extinguishing agent used to protect Class D hazards shall include verification of at least the following:

(1) Located in designated place

(2) No obstruction to access or visibility Container is easily accessible

(3) Lid is sealed

(4) Fullness by hefting or weighing

(5) No obvious physical damage to container


For every location, accessibility should be verified. Current wording is confusing and could become subjective. New wording provides an enforceable requirement.




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60 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM


Maintenance Frequency

7.3.1.1 Fire extinguishers shall be subjected to maintenance at intervals of not more than 1 year, at the time of hydrostatic test or when specifically indicated byan inspection discrepancy or electronic notification.


During the 2013 edition rewrite of this chapter, the maintenance frequency requirement was inadvertenty left out by the task group. Proposed language is same as printed within previous editions.


Submitter Full Name: J. Nerat

Organization: UTC/Badger Fire Protection

Affilliation: NFPA Industrial Section

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7.3.2.1.1 Annual maintenance on all types of extinguishers shall be conducted once per calendar year. Maintenance shall be completed before the end of themonth in which the previous year’s maintenance was performed.


We've had some authorities insisting that annual maintenance on the fire extinguishers be done on the exact same day as the previous year. This would clarify that the annual maintenance is to be done by the end of the month in which it was done the year prior.


Submitter Full Name: MARK CONNOLLY

Organization: FIRE FIGHTER SALES & SERVICE

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Submittal Date: Fri Jul 18 15:18:10 EDT 2014


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7.3.2.2.1

After the applicable maintenance procedures are completed, a new listed tamper seal with a year imprinted on it to match the year of service on themaintenance tag shall be installed.


There is no way for an AHJ to adequately know if a listed quick seal has indeed been changed or not. Placing a year on the quick seal to match that of the year on the maintenance tag will ensure that the quick seal has been changed. Numerous AHJ’s have complained about the consistent issue of fire equipment dealers not changing the quick seals when performing annual maintenance. The issue became so widespread in one state that multiple dealers were found tagging one manufacturers extinguishers seven years after manufacture without having changing the original quick seal from the manufacturer. This was easy to spot as the manufacturer has a seal that has a logo on it.


Submitter Full Name: Bill Galloway

Organization: Southern Regional Fire Code De

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Submittal Date: Tue Oct 29 15:13:59 EDT 2013


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7.3.4.3 Verification-of-Service Collar (Maintenance or Recharging).


This material was moved to section 7.10 during the last revision. This extra title should be deleted.




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64 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM


7.3.4.3 Verification-of-Service Collar (Maintenance or Recharging). Delete title.


Editorial.





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65 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM


7.3.4.3 Verification-of-Service Collar (Maintenance or Recharging). Strike entire sentence


Strike entire sentence as it serves no purpose




Affilliation: NFPA Western Regional Code Committee Member

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66 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 141-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. 7.3.6.3 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]

Nonrechargeable fire extinguishers shall not be required to have a 6-year internal examination and shall not be hydrostatically tested but shall be removed fromservice at a maximum interval of 12 of 6 years from the date of manufacture.


The importance of the 6-year teardown has been proven over the years. The original text (12 years) could place doubt on the importance of the internal inspection. Why would a cheaper unit be allowed to have a less stringent inspection required?



Organization: FIRE FIGHTER SALES & SERVICE CO.

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Submittal Date: Mon Mar 17 15:19:39 EDT 2014


67 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM


Revise as follows:

7.6 Maintenance of Wheeled Extinguisher Hoses and Regulators .

2 *

7.6.1 Wheeled Unit Hoses. Discharge hoses on wheeled-type fire extinguishers shall be completely uncoiled and examined for damageannually.

7.6.2* 7.6.1.1* Wheeled Unit Hoses.

Discharge hoses on wheeled extinguishers shall be coiled in a manner to prevent kinks and to allow rapid deployment in accordance with the

manufacturer'smanufacturer’s instructions.

Note: If this comment is accepted, renumber A 7.6.2 to A 7.6.1.1


Editorial.




Affilliation: Fire Equipment Manufacturing Association (FEMA)

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68 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM


7.7.1.3.5

In no case shall an extinguisher be recharged without hydrostatic testing if it is beyond its specified hydrostatic test date.


More clearly defines the requirements.





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69 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM


7.7.2.3.1

The premixed agent in liquid charge–type AFFF and FFFP fire extinguishers shall be replaced at least once every 3 years the time of hydrostatic testing .


Extending the mandated agent replacement interval from 3 years to 5 years (to align with hydrostatic testing timing) will reduce unnecessary recharge of portable AFFF and FFFP fire extinguishers. It will also align the agent removal and recharge requirements that already exist with hydrostatic testing. Extending the mandated agent replacement interval will reduce unnecessary waste and equipment servicing while helping to reduce life cycle costs required for maintaining a foam/water fire extinguisher.

AFFF synthetic foam concentrate charges for fire extinguishers typically have biocide materials added to extend the foam solution's shelf life. There is no known negative foam performance related problems or history of hardware problems associated with properly charged pre-mix synthetic firefighting foam extinguishers within clean extinguisher cylinders using fresh potable water, as contained in equipment manufacturers' instructions.

At least one extinguisher manufacturer has performed testing of their units with extended replacement intervals and notes retention of original firefighting performance for six years (Question 8 at http://www.badgerfire.com/utcfs/ws-603/Assets/T104-0110.pdf).


Submitter Full Name: Michael Snyder

Organization: Dow Corning Corporation

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Submittal Date: Sun Jan 04 20:52:52 EST 2015


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Verification of Service Collars shall be installed on cartridge operated extinguishers at the cartridge actuation device port for units where the device has beenremoved for hydrostatic testing.



Cart_op_VOS.jpg Example of how the VOS would be applied to a cartridge operated extinguisher


A VOS collar on a cartridge actuation device would assure the end user & AHJ's that the device was removed during hydrostatic testing. The VOS in this position does not interfere with the operation of the unit.



Organization: FIRE FIGHTER SALES & SERVICE CO.

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Submittal Date: Mon Mar 17 15:00:44 EDT 2014


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8.3.1.1

The hydrostatic retest shall be conducted within the calendar year of the specified test interval. Hydrostatic retesting shall be performed prior to affixing a newcertification tag that displays the same year in which the testing is due.


The suggested verbiage is needed to help eliminate confusion among for the AHJ's. AHJ's, in particular, rely on a current certification tag on fire extinguishers as assurance that all of the required work has been performed prior to the tag being affixed to the fire extinguisher.

The year of manufacture is the point of reference for the need for periodic hydrostatic retesting. Since there is no month or day provided along with the year of manufacture on most fire extinguishers, some service providers are performing maintenance on fire extinguishers when maintenance is due, but not performing the hydrostatic re-test until later in the year or waiting until the following year.

For example, if a fire extinguisher is due for annual maintenance in January, as well as hydrostatic retesting in that same calendar year, the service provider may perform the maintenance only in January, without performing a hydrostatic retest at the same time. They will affix a new certification tag, and allow the extinguisher to go another 11 months or more, without testing it.

What makes it difficult for the AHJ's who are responsible for policing unscrupulous service providers is that they can't determine if a service provider will be back later within the same calendar year to complete the job and perform the hydrostatic retesting, or whether they actually missed testing it. The proposed changes, if accepted, would ensure that hydrostatic testing would be performed at the time of maintenance and before any new certification tag was affixed.




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72 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 293-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. A.3.3.10 ]

A.3.3.10 Electronic Monitoring.

Electronic monitoring can One form of electronic monitoring is a local alarm device to indicate when an extinguisher is removed from its designatedlocation. Electronic monitoring can also be accomplished utilizing low-voltage wiring or a wireless communication method. It Some devices can conveyinformation about an in-place fire extinguisher that includes status regarding extinguisher removal , pressure level, weight, and presence , condition, andwhether there is an obstruction to the of, objects in the vicinity of an extinguisher.

Electronic monitoring can satisfy many be considered for one or more of the monthly inspection requirements currently within the standard, monitor theextinguisher at more frequent intervals if desired or when more frequent inspections are required, and create an electronically maintained record of the fireextinguisher .


Updated the information on electronic monitoring to include other types.




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A.4.1.1

Listed and labeled halon portable fire extinguishers currently comply with this standard and have demonstrated compliance with the requirements of UL 1093,Standard for Halogenated Agent Fire Extinguishers, which also includes fire testing and rating criteria. As a result of the Montreal Protocol on Substances thatDeplete the Ozone Layer, UL has withdrawn UL 1093. This does not imply that extinguishers that are listed and labeled to the requirements of UL 1093 areunsafe for use as fire extinguishers, nor does it mean that UL or the EPA is requiring that halon extinguishers be removed from service. It does mean that UL willnot accept new designs of halon extinguishers for testing or UL listing. It also means that no changes or updates are allowed to models that are currently listedand that had previously demonstrated compliance with UL 1093.

Extinguisher manufacturers are allowed to manufacture their current design of UL-listed halon extinguishers with the UL listing mark until October 2014 2025 .Halon extinguishers currently in use will continue to be listed beyond the 2014 the 2025 date and should be permitted to be used to comply with therequirements of this standard when installed, inspected, and maintained in accordance with this standard.


Halon extinguishers currently in use will continue to be listed beyond the 2025 date and should be permitted to be used to comply with the requirements of this standard when installed, inspected, and maintained in accordance with this standard.





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A.5.4.2

Most All buildings have Class A fire hazards. In any occupancy, there could be a predominant hazard as well as special hazard areas requiring supplementalprotection extinguishers with ratings to match those hazards or additional extinguishers . For example, a hospital will generally have need for Class A fireextinguishers covering patient rooms, corridors, offices, and so forth, but will need Class B fire extinguishers in laboratories and where flammable anestheticsare stored or handled, Class C fire extinguishers in electrical switch gear or generator rooms, and Class K extinguishers in kitchens.


Clarification.




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75 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 326-NFPA 10-2015 [ Section No. A.5.5.1.1.2 ]

A.5.5.1.1.2

A three-dimensional Class B fire involves Class B materials in motion, such as pouring, running, or dripping flammable liquids, and generally includes vertical aswell as one or more horizontal surfaces. Fires of this nature are considered to be a special hazard. The system used to rate fire extinguishers on Class B fires(flammable liquids in depth) is not directly applicable to this type of hazard. The installation of fixed systems should be considered where applicable.


Paragraph A.5.5.1.1.2 should be combined with A.5.5.1.1.1.




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A.5.5.6

Delicate electronic equipment Where occupancies are required to have extinguishers installed, this section is applicable to areas where the electronicequipment is located. Delicate electronic equipment includes, but is not limited to , data processing, computers, CAD servers , CAM, robotics, and reproductionequipment. Use of fire extinguishers containing other extinguishing agents that are not specifically listed for Class C hazards can damage beyond repair boththe equipment at the source of the fire and related equipment in the immediate vicinity of the fire.


NFPA 10 is an installation standard. Where extinguishers are required by an occupancy document, this provision applies to the areas where delicate electronic equipment is located. The equipment owner should not be removing this equipment where it is required.




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77 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 296-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. A.5.5.6.1 ]

A.5.5.6.1

Dry chemical residue will probably not be able to be completely and immediately removed, and, in addition, multipurpose dry chemical exposed to temperaturesin excess of 250°F (121°C) or relative humidity in excess of 50 percent can cause corrosion.

Table 5.5.6.1 provides a comparison of the features of dry chemical versus halogenated agents.

(See table below)

Table A.5.5.6.1 Extinguishing Agent Comparison

Extinguishing For Use On Evaporates Effective On Cleanup

Agent Electronics Quickly Class A Fires Required

Dry Chemical No No Yes Yes

Halogentated Agent Yes Yes Yes* No

*Larger halogenated agent extinguishers are listed with a Class A rating.


There is still some confusion regarding the appropriateness of dry chemical use around electronic equipment. The proposed new table will help shed some light on dry chemical vs. halogenated agents.




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A.6.1.1

The following items affect distribution of portable fire extinguishers:

(1) Area and arrangement of the building occupancy conditions

(2) Severity of the hazard

(3) Anticipated classes of fire

(4) Other protective systems or devices

(5) Distances to be traveled to reach fire extinguishers

In addition, the following factors should be considered:

(1) Anticipated rate of fire spread

(2) Intensity and rate of heat development

(3) Smoke contributed by the burning materials

(4) Accessibility of a fire to close approach with portable fire extinguishers

(5)

Wheeled fire extinguishers have additional agent and range and should be considered for areas where the additional protection is needed. Portable fireextinguishers offer the occupant a means to assist in evacuation of a building or occupancy. They are useful to knock down the fire if it occurs along theevacuation route. If possible, the individual property should be surveyed for actual protection requirements.


The last item should be deleted as it doesn’t seem to make any sense.




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79 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 321-NFPA 10-2015 [ Section No. A.6.1.3.3.2 ]

A.6.1.3.3.2

Acceptable means of The primary means for identifying the locations or fire extinguishers should be by the installation of fire extinguisher signs that arespecifically designed for that purpose. Other means of identifying the fire extinguisher locations include arrows, lights, signs, or coding of the wall or column.


Fire extinguisher signs are the most appropriate method for identifying extinguisher locations.




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80 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM


A.6.1.3.4

In situations where it is necessary that fire extinguishers be provided temporarily, a good practice is to provide portable stands , consisting of a horizontal bar onuprights with feet, on which the fire extinguishers can be hung. Portable stands should be designed to comply with the mounting heights for extinguishers (see6.1.3.8).


There are extinguisher stands that are constructed differently. The proposed new description is generic.




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81 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 299-NFPA 10-2014 [ New Section after A.6.1.3.10.4 ]

A.6.1.3.7 Where an extinguisher is located in an area that it is susceptible to damage, the supplier of the extinguisher should be consulted todetermine whether special mounting equipment or protective coverings are available.


Added information regarding where the protective equipment can be found.




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82 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 300-NFPA 10-2014 [ New Section after A.6.1.3.10.4 ]

A.6.1.3.10 (NEW) In addition to providing storage, extinguisher cabinets provide protection for extinguishers and prevent accidental bumping. Thecabinet cavity must be big enough to accommodate the extinguisher, so the extinguisher must be selected before selecting the cabinet. The finalselection of the cabinet should allow adequate room for the extinguisher to be easily removed. Certain fire-rated cabinets are intended forinstallation into 1-hour and 2-hour fire-resistance-rated walls. They are specially constructed with gypsum board installed on the sides, top, bottom,and back. Cabinets that are not fire-rated make the entire fire-rated wall noncompliant, so only surface mounted cabinets or fire-rated cabinets areappropriate for installation in fire-resistance-rated walls.


There is much misunderstanding in the field regarding the application of extinguisher cabinets. Providing explanatory material will help with safety in the field.




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83 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 301-NFPA 10-2014 [ New Section after A.6.3.2.2 ]

A.6.3.1.1 (NEW) The ratings used in Table 6.3.1.1 are based on the fire test standard UL 711, Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers. Thesetest fires are conducted in square pans and are actually pools of flammable liquid. The flammable liquids in the pans are not in motion, and thesefires don’t have objects in them to interfere with the application of the extinguishing agent. Any hazard that is like a UL 711 test fire can be protectedaccording to the Table 6.3.1.1.


The new annex material will help in applying Table 6.3.1.1 correctly.




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Public Input No. 302-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. A.7.1 ]

A.7.1

This chapter is concerned with the rules governing inspection, maintenance, and recharging of fire extinguishers. These factors are of prime importance inensuring operation at the time of a fire. The procedure for inspection and maintenance of fire extinguishers varies considerably. Minimal knowledge is necessaryto perform a monthly “quick check” or inspection in order to follow the inspection procedure as outlined in Section 7.2.

A.7.1 (New second paragraph)

Table A.7.1 provides a summary of the tags, labels, tamper seals and service collars required in this standard.

(See table below)

Table A.7.1 Tags, Labels, Tamper Seals, and Service Collars

Service Annual External 6-Year Internal Recharge Hydrostatic

Maintenance Maintenance Test

Service Tag √ √ √ √

Tamper Seal √ √ √ √

Service Collar √ √ √

6-Year Label * √

Hydro Label * √

*A combination 6-Year/ Hydro Label is permitted where approved by the authority having jurisdiction.


The requirements for record keeping are scattered throughout the standard. A summary table will help with compliance and enforcement. 7.3.4.1 requires a tag or label attached that indicates that maintenance was performed. 7.3.2.2.1 requires a new listed tamper seal after maintenance or recharge is completed. 7.10 requires a verification-of-service collar after maintenance that includes internal examination. 7.10 requires a verification-of-service collar for recharging that necessitates the removal of the valve. 7.6.3.5 requires a six-year label for internal examination of stored pressure dry chemical extinguishers. 8.7.2 requires a label for low-pressure (non-DOT type) cylinders that pass a hydrostatic test.




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A.7.2.1.2

Inspections should be performed on extinguishers 12 times per year, at least once per month.

Inspections should be performed on extinguishers 12 time per year, at regular intervals not exceeding 31 days.

( comment ) This change reflects the requirement of NFPA 10, Section 7.2.1.2. which requires inspection at intervals not exceeding 31 days. Otherwise,A.7.2.1.2 could be interpreted and misconstrued allowing an inspection (for example) August 1 and the next routine inspection on September 30 meeting themonthly requirement, but allow 60 days to pass between inspections.


(comment) This change reflects the requirement of NFPA 10, Section 7.2.1.2. which requires inspection at intervals not exceeding 31 days. Otherwise, A.7.2.1.2 could be interpreted and misconstrued allowing an inspection (for example) August 1 and the next routine inspection on September 30 meeting the monthly requirement, but allow 60 days to pass between inspections.


Submitter Full Name: LARRY LAUBHAN

Organization: POOLE FIRE PROT INC

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Submittal Date: Tue Aug 06 14:25:17 EDT 2013


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A.7.3.1


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The annual maintenance of a fire extinguisher requires the services of a trained and certified technician who has the proper tools, listed parts, and appropriatemanufacturer’s service manual. Maintenance of fire extinguishers should not be confused with inspection, which is a quick check of the extinguishers that isperformed at least every 30 days. Because the detailed maintenance procedures for various extinguisher types and models differ, the procedures specifiedwithin service manuals need to be followed.

The following list is a sample of maintenance procedures that should be followed to determine deficiencies that require additional attention to remediate thecondition of the extinguisher as appropriate for rechargeable, stored-pressure, dry chemical, and halogenated agent hand portable fire extinguishers:

(1) Visually examine the extinguisher for damage by removing the extinguisher from the hanger, bracket, or cabinet, and visually examine the extinguisher fordamage, including pressure gauge, cylinder dents, repairs, general corrosion, hose or nozzle threads, handles, and levers.

(2) Verify that the hanger, bracket, or cabinet is the proper one for the extinguisher.

(3) Verify that the hanger, bracket, or cabinet is secure, undamaged, and properly mounted.

(4) Verify that the nameplate operating instructions are legible and facing outward.

(5) Confirm that the extinguisher model is not subject to recall and is not obsolete.

(6) Verify the extinguisher records to determine internal examination and hydrostatic test intervals. Thoroughly examine the cylinder for dents, damage,repairs, or corrosion.

(7) Verify the pull pin functions properly and examine for damage or corrosion by removing the pull pin.

(8) Verify that the handle and levers are undamaged and operable.

(9) Verify that the valve stem is correctly extended and not corroded or damaged.

(10) Verify that the pressure gauge or indicator is in the operable range.

(11) Verify that the gauge operating pressure corresponds with the nameplate instructions.

(12) Verify that the gauge face corresponds with the proper agent type.

(13) Verify that the gauge threads are compatible with the valve body material.

(14) Verify that the nozzle or hose assembly, or both, is unobstructed, by removing and examining the nozzle.

(15) Confirm that the nozzle and hose assembly are correct for the model of extinguisher.

(16) Verify that the hose and couplings are not cut, cracked, damaged, or deformed.

(17) Examine internal valve port surfaces and threads for signs of leakage or corrosion by removing the nozzle or hose assembly and reinstalling the nozzle andhose assembly securely after examination.

(18) Verify that the hose retention band is secure and properly adjusted.

(19) Weigh the extinguisher and verify that it corresponds to the weight listed on the nameplate [add and insert here: "and record that weight on the AnnualMaintenance Tag"] .

(20) Reinstall the ring pin and install a new tamper seal.

(21) Clean exposed extinguisher surfaces to remove any foreign material.

(22) Record the maintenance on the extinguisher tag or label.

(23) Return the extinguisher to the hanger, bracket, or cabinet.

The following list is a sample of maintenance procedures that should be followed to determine deficiencies that require additional attention to remediate thecondition of the extinguisher as appropriate for carbon dioxide hand portable fire extinguishers:

(1) Visually examine the extinguisher for damage by removing the extinguisher from the hanger or cabinet, and visually examine the extinguisher for damage,including cylinder dents, repairs, general corrosion, hose or nozzle threads, handles, and levers.

(2) Verify that the bracket or cabinet is the proper one for the extinguisher.

(3) Verify that the bracket or cabinet is secure, undamaged, and properly mounted.



(6) Verify the extinguisher records to determine hydrostatic test intervals.

(7) Verify the pull pin functions properly and examine for damage or corrosion by removing the pull pin.

(8) Examine the handle and levers to ensure that they are undamaged and operable.





(13) Examine the discharge port for signs of leakage or corrosion by removing the nozzle or hose assembly and reinstalling the nozzle and hose assemblysecurely after examination.

(14) Conduct a conductivity test on the hose assembly.

(15) Affix the conductivity test label to hose assemblies that pass the conductivity test and replace hoses that fail the conductivity test.

(16) Verify that the safety assembly is not damaged or blocked.


(18) Weigh the extinguisher to verify that it corresponds to the weight listed on the nameplate.





The following list is a sample of maintenance procedures and checks that are commonly associated with pressurized-water-type hand portable fireextinguishers:



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(6) Check the extinguisher records to determine hydrostatic test intervals.

(7) Verify that the pull pin functions properly and examine for damage or corrosion by removing the pull pin.

(8) Examine the handle and levers to ensure that they are undamaged and operable.


(10) Verify that the pressure gauge is in the operable range.

(11) Verify that the gauge operating pressure corresponds with the nameplate instructions.

(12) Verify that the gauge face corresponds with the proper agent type.

(13) Verify that the gauge threads are compatible with the valve body material.




(17) Examine the internal valve port surfaces and threads for signs of leakage or corrosion by removing the nozzle or hose assembly and reinstalling the nozzleand hose assembly securely after examination.


(19) Weigh the extinguisher to verify that it corresponds to the weight listed on the nameplate.





The following list is a sample of maintenance procedures and checks that are commonly associated with cartridge-operated dry chemical and dry powder handportable fire extinguishers:






(6) Verify the extinguisher hydrostatic test records to determine the hydrostatic test interval.

(7) Invert the extinguisher and open the nozzle to ensure any pressure is relieved from the shell.

(8) Remove the cartridge guard and check the integral components for damage or corrosion.

(9) Unscrew the cartridge to examine the seal. (Replace the cartridge if the seal is punctured, damaged, or corroded.) Verify that the seal is not punctured, thatit is the proper cartridge for that extinguisher, and that it has the proper manufacturer’s seal.

(10) Install the shipping cap on the cartridge.

(11) Weigh the cartridge on a scale and verify the weight is within the tolerance specified in the manufacturer’s service manual.

(12) Remove the discharge nozzle from its holder and lift the hose, breaking the tamper seal.

(13) Operate the puncture lever to verify proper operation.

(14) Check and clean the pressure relief vent in the cartridge receiver in accordance with manufacturer’s service manual.

(15) Remove and examine the cartridge receiver gasket. Replace the gasket if brittle, compression set, cracked, cut, or missing.

(16) Lubricate the gasket in accordance with the manufacturer's manual and install.

(17) Slowly loosen the fill cap to relieve any trapped pressure and reinstall hand-tight.

(18) Examine the hose, nozzle, and couplings for any damage.

(19) Operate the discharge nozzle to verify proper operation.

(20) Remove the nozzle tip in accordance with the manufacturer’s service manual and verify the proper tip is installed and that it is not damaged. Install thenozzle tip in accordance with manufacturer’s manual.

(21) Remove the discharge hose from the extinguisher and ensure that the hose is not obstructed.

(22) Examine the hose o-ring and replace if necessary.

(23) Verify that the hose connection is clean and not damaged.

(24) Install the hose on the extinguisher.

(25) Remove the fill cap and examine the threads and seating surfaces for any damage or corrosion.

(26) Verify that the pressure relief vent is not obstructed.

(27) Verify that the dry chemical agent is the correct type and that there are no foreign materials or caking.

(28) Examine and clean the fill cap, gasket, and indicator in accordance with manufacturer’s manual.

(29) Lubricate and install the fill cap and gasket in accordance with manufacturer’s manual.

(30) Secure the discharge hose in place and install the proper cartridge.

(31) Replace the cartridge guard and install new tamper seals.




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This step's (19) would assist in verification that the extinguisher was weighed.Portable scales are now available for this step.


Submitter Full Name: ALVA GOOD

Organization: OREGON FIRE EQUIP DIST AN ASSN

Affilliation: Consultant to ORFED as a Board Member

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Submittal Date: Wed Aug 28 14:24:42 EDT 2013


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Public Input No. 303-NFPA 10-2014 [ New Section after A.7.3.2.2 ]

A.7.3.2.1 External visual maintenance is to be conducted on or before the one year anniversary date of the previous external visual maintenance.


Clarification.




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A.7.3.2.2

Where a safety seal or tamper indicator is missing, it can be evidence that the fire extinguisher has been used and, therefore, . If a tamper seal is found to bemissing from a non-rechargeable extinguisher, it should be removed from service. Extreme caution should be exercised before replacing a tamper seal on anonrechargeable fire extinguisher.


Tamper seals on non-rechargeable extinguishers are not to be removed for maintenance; therefore, the only reason to remove a tamper seal is to use the extinguisher. If the tamper seal is not on the extinguishers, it should be removed from service.





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A.7.3.3.1

Internal maintenance examinations are to be performed at intervals measured from the last internal examination. Other required internal examinations occurwhen an extinguisher is recharged or hydrostatically tested. An internal examination is to be conducted on or before the one year anniversary date of theprevious internal examination.

Persons performing maintenance operations usually come from two major groups:

(1) Fire extinguisher service agencies

(2) Trained industrial safety or maintenance personnel

Fire extinguishers owned by individuals are often neglected because a periodic follow-up program is not planned. It is recommended that such owners becomefamiliar with their fire extinguishers so they can detect telltale warnings during inspection that suggest the need for maintenance. When maintenance isindicated, it should be performed by trained persons having proper equipment. (See 7.1.2.2.)

The purpose of a well-planned and well-executed maintenance program for a fire extinguisher is to maximize the following probabilities:

(1) That the extinguisher will operate properly between the time intervals established for maintenance examinations in the environment to which it is exposed

(2) That the extinguisher will not constitute a potential hazard to persons in its vicinity or to operators or rechargers of fire extinguishers

Any replacement parts needed should be obtained from the manufacturer or a representative.


Clarification.




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A.7.6.2


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The following procedure permits rapid removal of the hose by one person without kinking of the hose and without obstruction of flow of the extinguishing agent:

(1) Form a loop over the hose supports [see Figure A.7.6.2(a)].

(2) Follow with a reverse loop so that the hose passes behind the loop [see Figure A.7.6.2(b)].

(3) Repeat steps (1) and (2) Continue making reverse loops until all hose is coiled on the support [see Figure A.7.6.2(c) ].

(4) Adjust the coil so that the nozzle is in the downward position [see Figure A.7.6.2(d) ]. Hose coiled in this manner pulls off free of twists.

(5) Place the nozzle in the holder with the handle forward in the closed position [see Figure A.7.6.2(e)].

Figure A.7.6.2(a) Counterclockwise Loop.

Figure A.7.6.2(b) Reverse Loop.


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Figure A.7.6.2(c) Procedures in Figure A.7.6.2(a) and Figure A.7.6.2(b) Continued.


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Figure A.7.6.2(d) Nozzle in Downward Position.


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Figure A.7.6.2(e) Nozzle in Holder.


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Step one is not repeated.




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Public Input No. 323-NFPA 10-2015 [ Section No. A.7.10 ]

A.7.10

A number of states have regulations requiring an internal marking of an extinguisher that is used to verify if the verification-of-service collar is installed to showthat an extinguisher has been depressurized, if the valve has been removed, and if a complete maintenance has been performed. The verification-of-servicecollar design also requires that the valve be removed before the collar can be attached to the extinguisher. The collar provides the authorities having jurisdictionwith a more convenient visual proof that the extinguisher has been disassembled and that maintenance most likely has been performed.

All extinguishers are to have the valve removed for hydrostatic testing and are to be subsequently recharged before they are returned to service. To be valid, thedate on the verification-of-service collar should always be the same as or more recent than the date on the hydrostatic test label.

Figure A.7.10 provides a guide to the design of a verification-of-service collar.

Figure A.7.10 Design of a Verification-of-Service Collar.


Updated the explanation for verification-of-service collar.




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Public Input No. 256-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. B.2.1 ]

B.2.1

The recommended marking system is a pictorial concept that combines the uses and nonuses of fire extinguishers on a single label. (See Figure B.1.1.)

Add pictograph label for A:C extinguisher (water mist) to figure B1.1



use_code_symbols_A_C.PDF


The combination rating of 2A:C is available in water mist extinguishers and should be included in the figure.





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TRASH•WOOD•PAPER ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

Public Input No. 320-NFPA 10-2015 [ Section No. B.2.2 ]

B.2.2

Letter-shaped symbol markings, as previously recommended, are shown in Figure B.2.2. Note that fire extinguishers suitable for more than one class of fireshould be were identified by multiple symbols placed in a horizontal sequence.

Figure B.2.2 Letter-Shaped Symbol Markings.


since the system was previously used, this sentence should be presented in the past tense.




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Public Input No. 315-NFPA 10-2015 [ Section No. C.3.2.1 ]

C.3.2.1

The most popular type is the 2 1⁄2 gal (9.46 L) stored-pressure water fire extinguisher. These fire extinguishers are being used to replace inverting types of waterfire extinguishers (soda acid and cartridge-operated water), which are no longer manufactured. An important advantage of the stored-pressure water type , asopposed to the inverting type, is its ability to be discharged intermittently. Some models are suitable for use at freezing conditions when charged as specified onthe nameplate.


Deleted dated material.




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C.3.5.2

In general, bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301) fire extinguishers have features and characteristics similar to those of carbon dioxide fire extinguishers in thatthey are suitable for cold weather installation and leave no residue. Halon 1301 fire extinguishers are listed for Class B and Class C fires. Compared to carbondioxide on a weight-of-agent basis, bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301) is at least as effective. When discharged, the agent is in the combined form of agas/mist. To some extent, windy conditions or strong air currents could make extinguishment difficult by causing the rapid dispersal of the agent.


Deleted dated material. Halon 1301 extinguishers had limited use by the military and are not generally available today.




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C.3.5.3

Fire extinguishers containing a mixture of Halon 1211 and Halon 1301 share properties of the other halogenated agent–type fire extinguishers, such as leavingno residue after use and minimizing thermal shock. The mixture of halogenated agents discharges in the form of a gas/mist, with the ratio of gas to mistincreasing with higher ratios of Halon 1301 to Halon 1211. The discharge range likewise is affected by the ratio of Halon 1301 to Halon 1211, with the rangedecreasing as the proportion of Halon 1301 increases. To some extent, windy conditions or strong air currents could make extinguishment difficult by causingthe rapid dispersal of the agent.


Deleted dated material. Halon 1211 extinguishers pressurized with Halon 1301 are generally not available today.




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C.3.5.3

Fire extinguishers containing a mixture of Halon 1211 and Halon 1301 share properties of the other halogenated agent–type fire extinguishers, such as leavingno residue after use and minimizing thermal shock. The mixture of halogenated agents discharges in the form of a gas/mist, with the ratio of gas to mistincreasing with higher ratios of Halon 1301 to Halon 1211. The discharge range likewise is affected by the ratio of Halon 1301 to Halon 1211, with the rangedecreasing as the proportion of Halon 1301 increases. To some extent, windy conditions or strong air currents could make extinguishment difficult by causingthe rapid dispersal of the agent.






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Public Input No. 257-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. D.4.1.6 ]

D.4.1.6 Fire Pails, Drums with Pails, and Bucket Tanks.

D.4.1.6.1

Small water supplies applied with fire pails are of limited fire-extinguishing value. The following combinations are considered as possessing two units ofextinguishing potential (2-A) for Class A fires:

(1) Five 12 qt (11 L) water-filled standard fire pails

(2) Six 10 qt (9 L) water-filled standard fire pails

(3) Drum, cask, or barrel of approximately 55 gal (208 L) capacity, with at least three standard fire pails attached

(4) Bucket tanks of 25 gal to 55 gal (95 L to 208 L) capacity, with five 12 qt (11 L) or six 10 qt (9 L) fire pails immersed therein

D.4.1.6.2

Standard fire pails are made of galvanized steel of at least No. 24 USS gauge, with rounded bottoms welded in place or otherwise suitably reinforced, furnishedwith stamped ears welded in place, and with strong wire bail and loose-fitting metal covers to exclude debris and retard evaporation.

D.4.1.6.3

Casks, drums, or barrels should preferably be of metal of No. 24 USS gauge thickness or better and should have covers. Fire pails can be hung on sides of thecontainers or immersed therein. Pails, casks, drums, or bucket tanks should be painted bright red with the word “FIRE” stenciled in large letters on their outsidewith black or other contrasting colored paint. If antifreezing solution is used, the surfaces of pails, drums, or bucket tanks should be coated with red lead or oil,followed by a coat of asphalt-base paint. Casks should be heavily coated with pitch.

D.4.1.6.4

When located where continued temperatures below 40°F (4°C) could be encountered, containers should be filled with an antifreeze solution consisting of 75percent to 80 percent calcium chloride (free from magnesium chloride) dissolved in water. Table D.4.1.6.4 shows the approximate temperature at which varioussolutions will freeze.

Table D.4.1.6.4 Antifreeze Solutions [10 gal (37.9 L)]

Approx. Freezing Temp. Water Calcium Chloride Specific Gravity Degrees Baume °F °C gal L lb kg 10 –12 9 34 20 9.1 1.139 17.7

0 –18 8 1 ⁄ 2 32 25 11.3 1.175 21.6 –10 –23 8 30 29 1 ⁄ 2 13.4 1.205 24.7 –20 –29 8 30 33 1 ⁄ 2 15.2 1.228 26.9 –30 –34 8 30 36 1 ⁄ 2 16.6 1.246 28.6 –40 –40 8 30 40 18.1 1.263 30.2

Note: This solution should not be used in extinguishers. Only solutions supplied by the manufacturers should be used in stored-pressure and cartridge-operatedwater extinguishers and in pump tank extinguishers where an antifreeze solution is desired.

Delete in its entirety.


Fire pails, drums with pails and bucket tanks are rarely if ever used, and should not be taking the place of portable fire extinguishers. In addition, this language is outside the scope of this standard – “1.1* Scope. The provisions of this standard apply to the selection, installation, inspection, maintenance, recharging, and testing of portable fire extinguishers and Class D extinguishing agents.” Nowhere does the scope address drums, pails or bucket tanks.





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D.4.4.2 Bromochlorodifluoromethane / Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1211/1301) Mixtures.

Fire extinguishers of this type are available in capacities from 1 lb to 20 lb (0.45 kg to 9 kg), having fire extinguishment ratings from 1-B:C to 4-A:80-B:C. Thehalogenated agent mixture is retained under pressure in a liquid state and is self-expelling. Some of these fire extinguishers are superpressurized with nitrogen.Upon actuation, the vapor pressure causes the agent to expand so that the discharge stream is in the form of a gas/mist. These extinguishers have a horizontalstream range of 3 ft to 18 ft (0.9 m to 5.5 m) that is not affected by wind as much as carbon dioxide and Halon 1301 are. Deep-seated Class A fires could needto be broken apart to effect complete extinguishment. On Class B fires, the discharge is applied in a side-to-side motion, progressing toward the back of the fire.(See Figure D.4.4.2 .)

Figure D.4.4.2 Halon 1211/1301 Extinguishers.






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Public Input No. 258-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. D.4.5 ]

D.4.5 Dry Chemical Types.


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Dry chemical fire extinguishers (sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate urea base, bicarbonate urea base, or potassium chloridebase) are ), are intended primarily for use on Class B and Class C fires. Dry chemical fire extinguishers (multipurpose ammonium phosphate base) areintended for use on Class A, Class B, and Class C fires. There are two methods whereby a dry chemical agent can be discharged from a fire extinguisher shell,depending on the basic design of the fire extinguisher. They are the cartridge/cylinder-operated method and the stored-pressure method. Regardless of fireextinguisher design, the method of agent application is basically the same. Stored-pressure fire extinguishers are available in capacities from 1 lb to 30 lb (0.5kg to 14 kg) for hand fire extinguishers and 125 kg to 250 lb (57 kg to 113.5 kg) for wheeled fire extinguishers. Cartridge/cylinder-operated fire extinguishers areavailable in capacities from 4 lb to 30 lb (1.8 kg to 14 kg) for hand fire extinguishers and 45 lb to 350 lb (20 kg to 159 kg) for wheeled fire extinguishers.

Dry chemical fire extinguishers are also available in nonrechargeable, nonrefillable types that contain the agent and expellant gas in a single, nonreusable,factory-filled container. Most dry chemical fire extinguishers having ratings of 20-B and less will discharge their contents in 8 seconds to 20 seconds. Fireextinguishers with higher ratings could take as long as 30 seconds. Therefore, since there is little time for experimentation, it is important that the operator beprepared to apply the agent correctly at the outset. All dry chemical fire extinguishers can be carried and operated simultaneously and can be dischargedintermittently. The discharge stream has a horizontal range of 5 ft to 30 ft (1.5 m to 9.2 m), depending on fire extinguisher size. When used on outdoor fires,maximum effectiveness can be achieved when the direction of the wind is on the back of the operator. [See Figure D.4.5(a) and Figure D.4.5(b) .]

Figure D.4.5(a) Stored-Pressure Dry Chemical Extinguisher.

Figure D.4.5(b) Cartridge-Operated Dry Chemical Extinguisher.

Special long-range nozzles are available where potential fire-fighting conditions could require greater distance. These nozzles are also useful on pressurizedgas or liquid fires, or where strong winds prevail. All dry chemical agents can be used at the same time that water (straight stream or fog) is being applied. Theuse of dry chemical fire extinguishers on wet energized electrical equipment (such as rain-soaked utility poles, high-voltage switch gear, and transformers) canaggravate electrical leakage problems. The dry chemical, in combination with moisture, provides an electrical path that can reduce the effectiveness ofinsulation protection. The removal of all traces of dry chemical from such equipment after extinguishment is recommended. [See Figure D.4.5(c) .]

Figure D.4.5(c) Stored-Pressure Dry Chemical Extinguisher with Fixed Nozzle.


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Fire extinguishers with a Class B rating can extinguish a fire involving combustible cooking media (vegetable or animal oils and fats). Only fire extinguishershaving a Class K rating are recommended for use on cooking grease fires.

D.4.5.1 Ordinary Dry Chemical Extinguishers (Class B and Class C Fires).

Hand fire extinguishers of this type are available with fire-extinguishing ratings of 1-B:C to 160-B:C and as wheeled models having fire extinguishment ratingsfrom 80-B:C to 640-B:C. The fire extinguishing agent used is a specially treated material in a finely divided form. Types of agents available include sodiumbicarbonate base, potassium bicarbonate base, potassium chloride base, and potassium bicarbonate urea base. Some formulations of these agents arespecially treated to be relatively compatible for use with air foam (mechanical foam). For use on flammable liquid fires, the stream should be directed at the baseof the flame. Best results are generally obtained by attacking the near edge of the fire and progressing toward the back of the fire by moving the nozzle rapidlywith a side-to-side sweeping motion. Care should also be taken not to direct the initial discharge directly at the burning surface at close range [less than 5 ft to 8ft (1.5 m to 2.4 m)] because the high velocity of the stream can cause splashing or scattering of the burning material, or both. Although not listed for use onClass A fires, ordinary dry chemical can be used to rapidly knock down the flames. Once the flames are extinguished, the operator can kick or poke apart the firedebris, to assist and hasten the natural cooling of the burning embers. Hot spots or small areas that reignite can be controlled with short intermittent bursts ofagent. Water should then be applied to extinguish burning embers or deep-seated hot spots. It is recommended that this method of extinguishment be attemptedonly if the operator has had training and experience in this technique.


D.4.5.2 Multipurpose Dry Chemical Extinguishers (Class A, Class B, and Class C Fires).

Fire extinguishers of this type contain an ammonium phosphate base agent. Hand fire extinguishers are available with fire extinguishment ratings of 1-A to 20-Aand 10-B:C to 120-B:C, and wheeled models have fire extinguishment ratings of 20-A to 40-A and 60-B:C to 320-B:C. Multipurpose agents are used in exactlythe same manner as ordinary dry chemical agents on Class B fires. For use on Class A fires, the multipurpose agent has the additional characteristic ofsoftening and sticking when in contact with hot surfaces. In this way, it adheres to burning materials and forms a coating that smothers and isolates the fuel fromair. When applying the agent, it is important to try to coat all burning areas in order to eliminate or minimize the number of small embers that could be a potentialsource of reignition. The agent itself has little cooling effect, and, because of its surface coating characteristic, it cannot penetrate below the burning surface. Forthis reason, extinguishment of deep-seated fires might not be accomplished unless the agent is discharged below the surface or the material is broken apart andspread out.



Potassium bicarbonate urea base, sodium bicarbonate urea base and sodium chloride extinguishers are not available – neither is the recharge agent. Class B rated extinguishers may or may not extinguish a Class K fire.





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Public Input No. 305-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. D.4.5 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]


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Dry chemical fire extinguishers (sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate urea base, bicarbonate urea base, or potassium chloridebase) are intended primarily for use on Class B and Class C fires. Dry chemical fire extinguishers (multipurpose ammonium phosphate base) are intended foruse on Class A, Class B, and Class C fires. There are two methods whereby a dry chemical agent can be discharged from a fire extinguisher shell, depending onthe basic design of the fire extinguisher. They are the cartridge/cylinder-operated method and the stored-pressure method. Regardless of fire extinguisherdesign, the method of agent application is basically the same. Stored-pressure fire extinguishers are available in capacities from 1 lb to 30 lb (0.5 kg to 14 kg) forhand fire extinguishers and 125 kg lb to 250 lb (57 kg to 113.5 kg) for wheeled fire extinguishers. Cartridge/cylinder-operated fire extinguishers are available incapacities from 4 lb to 30 lb (1.8 kg to 14 kg) for hand fire extinguishers and 45 lb to 350 lb (20 kg to 159 kg) for wheeled fire extinguishers.

Dry chemical fire extinguishers are also available in nonrechargeable, nonrefillable types that contain the agent and expellant gas in a single, nonreusable,factory-filled container. Most dry chemical fire extinguishers having ratings of 20-B and less will discharge their contents in 8 seconds to 20 seconds. Fireextinguishers with higher ratings could take as long as 30 seconds. Therefore, since there is little time for experimentation, it is important that the operator beprepared to apply the agent correctly at the outset. All dry chemical fire extinguishers can be carried and operated simultaneously and can be dischargedintermittently. The discharge stream has a horizontal range of 5 ft to 30 ft (1.5 m to 9.2 m), depending on fire extinguisher size. When used on outdoor fires,maximum effectiveness can be achieved when the direction of the wind is on the back of the operator. [See Figure D.4.5(a) and Figure D.4.5(b) .]

Figure D.4.5(a) Stored-Pressure Dry Chemical Extinguisher.

Figure D.4.5(b) Cartridge-Operated Dry Chemical Extinguisher.

Special long-range nozzles are available where potential fire-fighting conditions could require greater distance. These nozzles are also useful on pressurized gasor liquid fires, or where strong winds prevail. All dry chemical agents can be used at the same time that water (straight stream or fog) is being applied. The use ofdry chemical fire extinguishers on wet energized electrical equipment (such as rain-soaked utility poles, high-voltage switch gear, and transformers) canaggravate electrical leakage problems. The dry chemical, in combination with moisture, provides an electrical path that can reduce the effectiveness of insulationprotection. The removal of all traces of dry chemical from such equipment after extinguishment is recommended. [See Figure D.4.5(c) .]

Figure D.4.5(c) Stored-Pressure Dry Chemical Extinguisher with Fixed Nozzle.


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Typo.




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D.4.5.1 Ordinary Dry Chemical Extinguishers (Class B and Class C Fires).

Hand fire extinguishers of this type are available with fire-extinguishing ratings of 1-B:C to 160-B:C and as wheeled models having fire extinguishment ratingsfrom 80-B:C to 640-B:C. The fire extinguishing agent used is a specially treated material in a finely divided form. Types of agents available include sodiumbicarbonate base, potassium bicarbonate base, potassium chloride base, and potassium bicarbonate urea base. Some formulations of these agents arespecially treated to be relatively compatible for use with air foam (mechanical foam). For use on flammable liquid fires, the stream should be directed at the baseof the flame. Best results are generally obtained by attacking the near edge of the fire and progressing toward the back of the fire by moving the nozzle rapidlywith a side-to-side sweeping motion. Care should also be taken not to direct the initial discharge directly at the burning surface at close range [less than 5 ft to 8ft (1.5 m to 2.4 m)] because the high velocity of the stream can cause splashing or scattering of the burning material, or both. Although not listed for use onClass A fires, ordinary dry chemical can be used to rapidly knock down the flames. Once the flames are extinguished, the operator can kick or poke apart thefire debris, to assist and hasten the natural cooling of the burning embers. Hot spots or small areas that reignite can be controlled with short intermittent burstsof agent. Water should then be applied to extinguish burning embers or deep-seated hot spots. It is recommended that this method of extinguishment beattempted only if the operator has had training and experience in this technique.Fire extinguishers with a Class B rating can extinguish a fire involvingcombustible cooking media (vegetable or animal oils and fats). Only fire extinguishers having a Class K rating are recommended for use on cooking greasefires.


Potassium chloride and potassium bicarbonate urea base agents are no longer available, either in new extinguishers or as a recharging agent. It should not be suggested that ordinary (Class B and C rated) dry chemical fire extinguishers should be used to attack a Class A fire. Class B rated extinguishers may or may not extinguish a Class K Fire.





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D.4.5.2 Multipurpose Dry Chemical Extinguishers (Class A, Class B, and Class C Fires).

Fire extinguishers of this type contain an ammonium phosphate base agent. Hand fire extinguishers are available with fire extinguishment ratings of 1-A to 20-Aand 10-B:C to 120-B:C, and wheeled models have fire extinguishment ratings of 20-A to 40-A and 60-B:C to 320-B:C. Multipurpose agents are used in exactlythe same manner as ordinary dry chemical agents on Class B fires. For use on Class A fires, the multipurpose agent has the additional characteristic ofsoftening and sticking when in contact with hot surfaces. In this way, it adheres to burning materials and forms a coating that smothers and isolates the fuel fromair. When applying the agent, it is important to try to coat all burning areas in order to eliminate or minimize the number of small embers that could be a potentialsource of reignition. The agent itself has little cooling effect, and, because of its surface coating characteristic, it cannot penetrate below the burning surface. Forthis reason, extinguishment of deep-seated fires might not be accomplished unless the agent is discharged below the surface or the material is broken apart andspread out.Fire extinguishers with a Class B rating can extinguish a fire involving combustible cooking media (vegetable or animal oils and fats). Only fireextinguishers having a Class K rating are recommended for use on cooking grease fires.


ABC dry chemical extinguishers were never suggested for use on cooking media fires. It should also not be suggested that dry chemicals without a Class K rating be used to extinguish Class K fires.





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118 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 336-NFPA 10-2015 [ Section No. F.4.2 ]

F.4.2

The following types of extinguishers are considered obsolete and should be removed from service and replaced:

(1) Soda acid types


(3) Vaporizing liquid Carbon Tetrachloride



(6) Copper or brass shell fire extinguishers (excluding pump tanks) joined by soft solder or rivets

(7) Extinguishers rated prior to 1955 and marked B-1, C-1 on the nameplate

(8) Fire extinguishers not listed or labeled


This section prohibits the use of all vaporizing liquid extinguishing agents. However, there are numerous vaporizing liquid agents i.e. Halon 1211 and Halotron 1 that are widely accepted and are in prevalent use today. Though Halon 1211 and Halotron 1 may be described as Halocarbons, they are still included in the broad category of "vaporizing liquid" agents. Leaving this section as is unnecessarily groups acceptable vaporizing liquids with those that are unacceptable, i.e. Carbon Tetrachloride. Those extinguishing agents that this section intends to obsolete should be specifically named.




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Public Input No. 272-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. G.2 ]

G.2 Example.

A fire extinguisher is rated and classified 4-A:20-B:C, which imparts the following information:

(1) It should extinguish approximately twice as much Class A fire as a 2-A-rated fire extinguisher [2 1⁄2 gal (9.46 L) water].

(2) It should extinguish approximately 20 times as much Class B fire as a 1-B-rated fire extinguisher.

(3) It is suitable for use on energized electrical equipment.

Currently, laboratories classify fire extinguishers for use on Class A fires with the following ratings: 1-A, 2-A, 3-A, 4-A, 6-A, 10-A, 20-A, 30-A, and 40-A. EffectiveJune 1, 1969, fire extinguishers classified for use on Class B fires have the following ratings: 1-B, 2-B, 5-B, 10-B, 20-B, 30-B, 40-B, 60-B, 80-B, 120-B, 160-B,240-B, 320-B, 480-B, and 640-B. Ratings from 1-A to 20-A and 1-B to 20-B, inclusive, are based on indoor fire tests; ratings at or above 30-A and 30-B arebased on outdoor fire tests.

For Class B fires, it should be recognized that the amount of fire that can be extinguished by a particular fire extinguisher is related to the degree of training andexperience of the operator. For fire extinguishers classified for use on Class C fires, no number is used, since Class C fires are essentially either Class A orClass B fires involving energized electrical wiring and equipment. Other than when being discharged from an extinguisher, water-based agents are conductive,and agent pooling after discharge might present additional hazard concerns. The size of the different suitable fire extinguishers installed should becommensurate with the size and extent of the Class A or Class B components, or both, of the electrical hazard being protected.

For fire extinguishers classified for use on Class D fires, no number is used. The relative effectiveness of these fire extinguishers for use on specific combustiblemetal fires is detailed on the fire extinguisher nameplate.

Fire extinguishers that are effective on more than one class of fire have multiple letter and number-letter classifications and ratings.

The equivalency for Class B extinguishers rated under the rating classification system used prior to 1955 is given in Table G.2 .

Table G.2 Class B Rating Equivalencies

Extinguisher Type and Capacity Pre-1955 Rating Equivalency Foam (gal) 2 1 ⁄ 2 B-1 2-B 5 B-1 5-B 17 B 10-B 33 B 20-B Carbon Dioxide (lb) Under

7 B-2 1-B 7 B-2 2-B 10 to 12 B-2 2-B 15 to 20 B-1 2-B 25 to 26 B-1 5-B 50 B-1 10-B 75 B-1 10-B 100 B 10-B Dry Chemical (lb) 4 to 6 1 ⁄ 4 B-2 2-B 7 1 ⁄ 2B-2 5-B 10 to 15 B-1 5-B 20 B-1 10-B 30 B-1 20-B 75 and up B 40-B

For SI units, 1 gal = 3.785 L; 1 lb = 0.454 kg.

For extinguishers classified under the system used prior to 1955, the pre-1955 classifications of C, C-1, and C-2 are equivalent to the current C classification.

Carbon dioxide extinguishers with metal horns do not carry any C classification.


The ratings system prior to 1955 is outdated and has no effect on current standards; extinguishers manufactured prior to 1955 should be removed from service in the interest of public safety, as there have not been OEM parts available for decades.





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Public Input No. 263-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. H.2 ]


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H.2 Health and Safety Conditions That Affect Selection.


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When a fire extinguisher is being selected, consideration should be given to the health and safety hazards involved in its maintenance and use, as described inthe following items:

(1) For confined spaces, prominent caution labels on the fire extinguisher, warning signs at entry points, provision for remote application, extra-long-range fireextinguisher nozzles, special ventilation, provision of breathing apparatus and other personal protective equipment, and adequate training of personnel areamong the measures that should be considered.

(2) Although halogenated agent–type fire extinguishers contain agents whose vapor has a low toxicity, their decomposition products can be hazardous. Whenusing these fire extinguishers in unventilated places, such as small rooms, closets, motor vehicles, or other confined spaces, operators and others shouldavoid breathing the gases produced by thermal decomposition of the agent.

(3) Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers contain an extinguishing agent that will not support life when used in sufficient concentration to extinguish a fire. The useof this type of fire extinguisher in an unventilated space can dilute the oxygen supply. Prolonged occupancy of such spaces can result in loss ofconsciousness due to oxygen deficiency.

(4) Fire extinguishers not rated for Class C hazards (e.g., water, antifreeze, loaded stream, AFFF, FFFP, wetting agent, and foam) present a shock hazard ifused on fires involving energized electrical equipment.

(5) When used in a small unventilated area, dry chemical fire extinguishers can reduce visibility for a period of up to several minutes. Dry chemical dischargedin an area can also clog filters in air-cleaning systems.

(6) A dry chemical fire extinguisher containing ammonium compounds should not be used on oxidizers that contain chlorine. The reaction between the oxidizerand the ammonium salts can produce the explosive compound nitrogen trichloride (NCl3).

(7) Halogenated extinguishers should not be used on fires involving oxidizers, since they can react with the oxidizer.

(8) Most fires produce toxic decomposition products of combustion, and some materials, upon burning, can produce highly toxic gases. Fires can alsoconsume available oxygen or produce dangerously high exposure to convected or radiated heat. All of these can affect the degree to which a fire can besafely approached with fire extinguishers.

Table H.2 summarizes the characteristics of fire extinguishers and can be used as an aid in selecting fire extinguishers in accordance with Chapter 5. Theratings given are those that were in effect at the time this standard was prepared. Current listings should be consulted for up-to-date ratings.

H.2 Update Add information for Water Mist extinguishers.

Water MistStoredPressure

1.8 to 2.5 gal 5-12 ft 50-80 sec Yes 2A:C

Table H.2 Characteristics of Extinguishers

Extinguishing AgentMethod ofOperation Capacity

HorizontalRange ofStream

ApproximateTime of Discharge

ProtectionRequired Below

40°F (4°C)

UL or ULC

Classifications a

Water Stored-pressure 6 L 30 to 40 ft 40 sec Yes 1-A

Stored-pressure orpump 2 1 ⁄ 2 gal 30 to 40 ft 1 min Yes 2-A

Pump 4 gal 30 to 40 ft 2 min Yes 3-A

Pump 5 gal 30 to 40 ft 2 to 3 min Yes 4-A

Water (wetting agent)

Stored-pressure 1 1 ⁄ 2 gal 20 ft 30 sec Yes 2-A

Stored-pressure25 gal

(wheeled)35 ft 1 1 ⁄ 2 min Yes 10-A


(wheeled)35 ft 2 min Yes 30-A



Loaded stream Stored-pressure 2 1 ⁄ 2 gal 30 to 40 ft 1 min No 2-A


(wheeled)50 ft 3 min No 20-A

AFFF, FFFP Stored-pressure 2 1 ⁄ 2 gal 20 to 25 ft 50 sec Yes 3-A:20 to 40-B

Stored-pressure 6 L 20 to 25 ft 50 sec Yes 2-A:10-B

Nitrogen cylinder 33 gal 30 ft 1 min Yes 20-A:160-B

Carbon dioxide b Self-expelling 2 1 ⁄ 2 to 5 lb 3 to 8 ft 8 to 30 sec No 1 to 5-B:C

Self-expelling 10 to 15 lb 3 to 8 ft 8 to 30 sec No 2 to 10-B:C

Self-expelling 20 lb 3 to 8 ft 10 to 30 sec No 10-B:C

Self-expelling50 to 100 lb(wheeled)

3 to 10 ft 10 to 30 sec No 10 to 20-B:C

Regular dry chemical (sodiumbicarbonate)

Stored-pressure 1 to 2 1 ⁄ 2 lb 5 to 8 ft 8 to 12 sec No 2 to 10-B:C

Cartridge or stored-pressure 2 3 ⁄ 4 to 5 lb 5 to 20 ft 8 to 25 sec No 5 to 20-B:C

Cartridge or stored-pressure

6 to 30 lb 5 to 20 ft 10 to 25 sec No 10 to 160-B:C

Stored-pressure50 lb

(wheeled)20 ft 35 sec No 160-B:C

Nitrogen cylinder orstored-pressure

75 to 350 lb(wheeled)


Purple K dry chemical (potassiumbicarbonate)




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HorizontalRange ofStream

ApproximateTime of Discharge

ProtectionRequired Below

40°F (4°C)

UL or ULC

Classifications a





20 ft 30 to 35 sec No 120 to 160-B:C




Super K dry chemical (potassiumchloride)






9 1 ⁄ 2 to 20lb



19 1 ⁄ 2 to 30lb




15 to 45 ft 30 to 40 sec No 160-B:C

Multipurpose/ABC dry chemical(ammonium phosphate)

Stored-pressure 1 to 5 lb 5 to 12 ft 8 to 10 sec No 1 to 3-A c and 2 to10-B:C

Stored-pressure orcartridge 2 1 ⁄ 2 to 9 lb 5 to 12 ft 8 to 15 sec No

1 to 4-A and 10 to40-B:C

Stored-pressure orcartridge

9 to 17 lb 5 to 20 ft 10 to 25 sec No2 to 20-A and 10 to

80-B:C


17 to 30 lb 5 to 20 ft 10 to 25 sec No3 to 20-A and 30 to

120-B:C



20 ft 25 to 35 sec No20 to 30-A and 80 to

160-B:C



15 to 45 ft 30 to 60 sec No20 to 40-A and 60 to

320-B:C

Dry chemical (foam compatible)









Dry chemical (potassium bicarbonateurea based)

Stored-pressure 5 to 11 lb 11 to 22 ft 18 sec No 40 to 80-B:C

Stored-pressure 9 to 23 lb 15 to 30 ft 17 to 33 sec No 60 to 160-B:C

175 lb(wheeled)

70 ft 62 sec No 480-B:C

Wet chemical Stored-pressure 3 L 8 to 12 ft 30 sec No K

Stored-pressure 6 L 8 to 12 ft 35 to 45 sec No K

Stored-pressure 2 1 ⁄ 2 gal 8 to 12 ft 75 to 85 sec No K

Halon 1211 (bromochloro-

difluoromethane)

Stored-pressure 0.9 to 2 lb 6 to 10 ft 8 to 10 sec No 1 to 2-B:C

Stored-pressure 2 to 3 lb 6 to 10 ft 8 to 10 sec No 5-B:C

Stored-pressure 5 1 ⁄ 2 to 9 lb 9 to 15 ft 8 to 15 sec No 1-A:10-B:C

Stored-pressure 13 to 22 lb 14 to 16 ft 10 to 18 sec No2 to 4-A and 20 to

80-B:C

Stored-pressure 50 lb 35 ft 30 sec No 10-A:120-B:C


(wheeled)20 to 35 ft 30 to 44 sec No 30-A:160 to 240-B:C

Halon 1211/1301 (bromochloro-difluoromethane bromotrifluoro-methane) mixtures

Stored-pressure orself-expelling

0.9 to 5 lb 3 to 12 ft 8 to 10 sec No 1 to 10-B:C

Stored-pressure 9 to 20 lb 10 to 18 ft 10 to 22 sec No1-A:10-B:C to4-A:80-B:C

Halocarbon type Stored-pressure 1.4 to 150 lb 6 to 35 ft 9 to 38 sec No 1-B:C to 10-A:80-B:C

For SI units: 1 gal = 3.79 L; 1 lb = 2.2 kg; 1 ft = 0.305 m.

Note: Halon should be used only where its unique properties are deemed necessary.

aUL and ULC ratings as of July 24, 1987. Readers concerned with subsequent ratings should review the pertinent lists and supplements issued by theselaboratories: Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, or Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Underwriters Road,Toronto, ON, M1R 3B4, Canada.

bCarbon dioxide extinguishers with metal horns do not carry a C classification.

cSome small extinguishers containing ammonium phosphate–based dry chemical do not carry an A classification.


Water mist extinguishers have been in use for nearly two decades and should be included in Table H2


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125 of 131 3/18/2015 8:11 AM

Public Input No. 264-NFPA 10-2014 [ Section No. H.2 ]


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H.2 Health and Safety Conditions That Affect Selection.


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When a fire extinguisher is being selected, consideration should be given to the health and safety hazards involved in its maintenance and use, as described inthe following items:

(1) For confined spaces, prominent caution labels on the fire extinguisher, warning signs at entry points, provision for remote application, extra-long-range fireextinguisher nozzles, special ventilation, provision of breathing apparatus and other personal protective equipment, and adequate training of personnel areamong the measures that should be considered.

(2) Although halogenated agent–type fire extinguishers contain agents whose vapor has a low toxicity, their decomposition products can be hazardous. Whenusing these fire extinguishers in unventilated places, such as small rooms, closets, motor vehicles, or other confined spaces, operators and others shouldavoid breathing the gases produced by thermal decomposition of the agent.

(3) Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers contain an extinguishing agent that will not support life when used in sufficient concentration to extinguish a fire. The useof this type of fire extinguisher in an unventilated space can dilute the oxygen supply. Prolonged occupancy of such spaces can result in loss ofconsciousness due to oxygen deficiency.

(4) Fire extinguishers not rated for Class C hazards (e.g., water, antifreeze, loaded stream, AFFF, FFFP, wetting agent, and foam) present a shock hazard ifused on fires involving energized electrical equipment.

(5) When used in a small unventilated area, dry chemical fire extinguishers can reduce visibility for a period of up to several minutes. Dry chemical dischargedin an area can also clog filters in air-cleaning systems.

(6) A dry chemical fire extinguisher containing ammonium compounds should not be used on oxidizers that contain chlorine. The reaction between the oxidizerand the ammonium salts can produce the explosive compound nitrogen trichloride (NCl3).

(7) Halogenated extinguishers should not be used on fires involving oxidizers, since they can react with the oxidizer.

(8) Most fires produce toxic decomposition products of combustion, and some materials, upon burning, can produce highly toxic gases. Fires can alsoconsume available oxygen or produce dangerously high exposure to convected or radiated heat. All of these can affect the degree to which a fire can besafely approached with fire extinguishers.

Table H.2 summarizes the characteristics of fire extinguishers and can be used as an aid in selecting fire extinguishers in accordance with Chapter 5. Theratings given are those that were in effect at the time this standard was prepared. Current listings should be consulted for up-to-date ratings.

Table H.2 Characteristics of Extinguishers


HorizontalRange of Stream

Approximate Timeof Discharge

Protection RequiredBelow 40°F (4°C)

UL or ULC

Classifications a

Water Stored-pressure 6 L 30 to 40 ft 40 sec Yes 1-A

Stored-pressure orpump 2 1 ⁄ 2 gal 30 to 40 ft 1 min Yes 2-A

Pump 4 gal 30 to 40 ft 2 min Yes 3-A

Pump 5 gal 30 to 40 ft 2 to 3 min Yes 4-A

Water (wetting agent)

Stored-pressure 1 1 ⁄ 2 gal 20 ft 30 sec Yes 2-A




(wheeled)35 ft 2 min Yes 30-A



Loaded stream Stored-pressure 2 1 ⁄ 2 gal 30 to 40 ft 1 min No 2-A


(wheeled)50 ft 3 min No 20-A

AFFF, FFFP Stored-pressure 2 1 ⁄ 2 gal 20 to 25 ft 50 sec Yes 3-A:20 to 40-B

Stored-pressure 6 L 20 to 25 ft 50 sec Yes 2-A:10-B

Nitrogen cylinder 33 gal 30 ft 1 min Yes 20-A:160-B

Carbon dioxide b Self-expelling 2 1 ⁄ 2 to 5 lb 3 to 8 ft 8 to 30 sec No 1 to 5-B:C

Self-expelling 10 to 15 lb 3 to 8 ft 8 to 30 sec No 2 to 10-B:C

Self-expelling 20 lb 3 to 8 ft 10 to 30 sec No 10-B:C

Self-expelling50 to 100 lb(wheeled)


Regular dry chemical(sodium bicarbonate)

Stored-pressure 1 to 2 1 ⁄ 2 lb 5 to 8 ft 8 to 12 sec No 2 to 10-B:C




Stored-pressure 50 lb (wheeled) 20 ft 35 sec No 160-B:C




Purple K dry chemical(potassium bicarbonate)








20 ft 30 to 35 sec No 120 to 160-B:C




Super K dry chemical (potassium chloride) Cartridge or stored-pressure 2 to 5 lb 5 to 8 ft 8 to 10 sec No 5 to 10-B:C Cartridge or stored-pressure 5 to 9 lb 8 to 12

ft 10 to 15 sec No 20 to 40-B:C Cartridge or stored-pressure 9 1 ⁄ 2 to 20 lb 10 to 15 ft 15 to 20 sec No 40 to 60-B:C Cartridge or stored-pressure 19 1 ⁄ 2 to 30lb 5 to 20 ft 10 to 25 sec No 60 to 80-B:C Cartridge or stored-pressure 125 to 200 lb (wheeled) 15 to 45 ft 30 to 40 sec No 160-B:C


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Multipurpose/ABC dry chemical (ammoniumphosphate)

Stored-pressure 1 to 5 lb 5 to 12 ft 8 to 10 sec No 1 to 3-A c and 2 to10-B:C

Stored-pressure or cartridge 2 1 ⁄ 2 to 9 lb 5 to 12 ft 8 to 15 sec No 1 to 4-A and 10 to 40-B:C

Stored-pressure or cartridge 9 to 17 lb 5 to 20 ft10 to 25

secNo

2 to 20-A and 10 to80-B:C

Stored-pressure or cartridge 17 to 30 lb 5 to 20 ft10 to 25

secNo

3 to 20-A and 30 to120-B:C

Stored-pressure or cartridge 45 to 50 lb (wheeled) 20 ft25 to 35

secNo

20 to 30-A and 80 to160-B:C

Nitrogen cylinder or stored-pressure


15 to 45ft

30 to 60sec

No20 to 40-A and 60 to

320-B:C

Dry chemical (foam compatible)


Cartridge or stored-pressure 9 to 27 lb 5 to 20 ft10 to 25

secNo 20 to 30-B:C

Cartridge or stored-pressure 18 to 30 lb 5 to 20 ft10 to 25

secNo 40 to 60-B:C

Nitrogen cylinder or stored-pressure


15 to 45ft

20 to 150sec

No 80 to 240-B:C

Dry chemical (potassium bicarbonate urea based) Stored-pressure 5 to 11 lb 11 to 22 ft 18 sec No 40 to 80-B:C Stored-pressure 9 to 23 lb 15 to 30 ft 17 to 33sec No 60 to 160-B:C 175 lb (wheeled) 70 ft 62 sec No 480-B:C

Wet chemical Stored-pressure 3 L8 to 12

ft30 sec No K

Stored-pressure 6 L8 to 12

ft35 to 45

secNo K

Stored-pressure 2 1 ⁄ 2 gal8 to 12

ft75 to 85

secNo K

Halon 1211 (bromochloro-

difluoromethane)

Stored-pressure 0.9 to 2 lb6 to 10

ft8 to 10

secNo 1 to 2-B:C

Stored-pressure 2 to 3 lb6 to 10

ft8 to 10

secNo 5-B:C

Stored-pressure 5 1 ⁄ 2 to 9 lb9 to 15

ft8 to 15

secNo 1-A:10-B:C

Stored-pressure 13 to 22 lb14 to16 ft

10 to 18sec

No2 to 4-A and 20 to

80-B:C

Stored-pressure 50 lb 35 ft 30 sec No 10-A:120-B:C


(wheeled)20 to35 ft

30 to 44sec

No 30-A:160 to 240-B:C

Halon 1211/1301 (bromochloro-difluoromethane bromotrifluoro-methane) mixtures

Stored-pressure orself-expelling

0.9 to 5 lb3 to 12

ft8 to 10

secNo 1 to 10-B:C

Stored-pressure 9 to 20 lb10 to18 ft

10 to 22sec

No1-A:10-B:C to4-A:80-B:C

Halocarbon type Stored-pressure 1.4 to 150 lb6 to 35

ft9 to 38

secNo 1-B:C to 10-A:80-B:C

For SI units: 1 gal = 3.79 L; 1 lb = 2.2 kg; 1 ft = 0.305 m.

Note: Halon should be used only where its unique properties are deemed necessary.

aUL and ULC ratings as of July 24, 1987. Readers concerned with subsequent ratings should review the pertinent lists and supplements issued by theselaboratories: Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, or Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Underwriters Road,Toronto, ON, M1R 3B4, Canada.

bCarbon dioxide extinguishers with metal horns do not carry a C classification.

cSome small extinguishers containing ammonium phosphate–based dry chemical do not carry an A classification.


Super K (potassium chloride) and potassium bicarbonate urea based dry chemicals have not been available for decades and therefore should be removed from Table H2.





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Public Input No. 189-NFPA 10-2014 [ Chapter K ]

Annex K Informational References

K.1 Referenced Publications.

The documents or portions thereof listed in this annex are referenced within the informational sections of this standard and are not part of the requirements ofthis document unless also listed in Chapter 2 for other reasons.

K.1.1 NFPA Publications.

National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471.

NFPA 11, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam, 2010 edition 2015 .

NFPA 12, Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems, 2011 edition 2015 .

NFPA 12A, Standard on Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Systems, 2009 edition 2015 .

NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2013 edition 2016 .

NFPA 13D, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes, 2013 edition 2016 .

NFPA 13R, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Low-Rise Residential Occupancies, 2013 edition 2016 .

NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems, 2013 edition 2016 .

NFPA 15, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, 2012 edition .

NFPA 16, Standard for the Installation of Foam-Water Sprinkler and Foam-Water Spray Systems, 2011 edition 2015 .

NFPA 17, Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems, 2013 edition .

NFPA 17A, Standard for Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems, 2013 edition .

NFPA 18, Standard on Wetting Agents, 2011 edition .

NFPA 72 ®, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, 2013 edition 2016 .

NFPA 77, Recommended Practice on Static Electricity, 2007 edition 2014 .

NFPA 96, Standard for Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations, 2011 edition 2014 .

NFPA 402, Guide for Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting Operations, 2013 edition .

NFPA 484, Standard for Combustible Metals, 2012 edition 2015 .

NFPA 610, Guide for Emergency and Safety Operations at Motorsports Venues, 2009 edition 2014 .

NFPA 750, Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems, 2010 edition 2015 .

NFPA 850, Recommended Practice for Fire Protection for Electric Generating Plants and High Voltage Direct Current Converter Stations, 2010 edition 2015 .

NFPA 851, Recommended Practice for Fire Protection for Hydroelectric Generating Plants, 2010 edition 2015 .

NFPA 921, Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations, 2011 edition 2014 .

NFPA 1452, Guide for Training Fire Service Personnel to Conduct Dwelling Fire Safety Surveys, 2010 edition 2015 .

NFPA 2001, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, 2012 edition 2015 .

Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials, 13th edition, 2001 2010 .

Fire Protection Handbook, 20th edition, 2008.

K.1.2 Other Publications.

K.1.2.1 CGA Publications.

Compressed Gas Association, 4221 Walney Road, 5th Floor 14501 George Carter Way , Suite 103 , Chantilly, VA 20151-2923 1788 .

CGA C-1, Methods of Hydrostatic Testing of Compressed Gas Cylinders, 2006 2010 .

K.1.2.2 NPCA ACA Publications.

National Paint and American Coatings Association, 1500 Rhode Island Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20005.

Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS), Implementational Manual, 1981 Third Edition, 2001 .

K.1.2.3 UL Publications.



K.1.2.4

ULC Publications. Underwriters' Laboratories, 7 Underwriters Road, Toronto, Ontario M1R 3A9, Canada.

CAN/ULC-S512, Standard for Halogenated Agent Hand and Wheeled Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Reaffirmed 2007.

K.1.2.5

UL/ULC Publications. The following publications are bi-nationally harmonized standards for Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL60062-2096, and Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Underwriters Road, Toronto, Ontario M1R 3A9, Canada.


ANSI/UL 711, CAN/ULC-S508, Standard for Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers, 2004, Revised 2009 Re affirmed 2013 .

ANSI/UL 2129, CAN/ULC-S566, Standard for Halocarbon Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2013 .

K.2 Informational References. (Reserved)

K.3 References for Extracts in Informational Sections. (Reserved)


Referenced current editions.



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Public Input No. 187-NFPA 10-2014 [Section No. 2.3] Referenced current editions




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NFPA 408 Public Input

Public Input No. 12-NFPA 408-2014 [ Chapter 2 ]

Chapter 2 Referenced Publications

2.1 General.

The documents or portions thereof listed in this chapter are referenced within this standard and shall beconsidered part of the requirements of this document.

2.2 NFPA Publication.


NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2010 edition 2013 .

2.3 Other Publications.

2.3.1 FAA Publications.

Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20591.

DOT/FAA/AR-01/37, “Development of a Minimum Performance Standard for Hand-Held Fire Extinguishersas a Replacement for Halon 1211 on Civilian Transport Category Aircraft,” August, 2002.


Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096

ANSI/ UL 8, Water Based Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2011 .

ANSI/ UL 154, Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2014 .

ANSI/ UL 299, Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers, 2007 2011 .

ANSI/ UL 626, Water Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2012 .

ANSI/ UL 711, Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers, 2004, Revised 2007 2013 .

UL 1093, Standard for Halogenated Agent Fire Extinguishers, 1995, Revised 2008(withdrawn) .

UL 1803, Standard for Factory Follow-up on Third Party Certified Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2006,Revised 2008 2012 .

ANSI/ UL 2129, Standard for Safety Halocarbon Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2007, revised 2014 .


Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Underwriters Road, Toronto, Ontario M1R 3B4, Canada.

CAN/ULC-S503, Standard for Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 Re affirmed 2010 .

CAN/ULC-S504, Standard for Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2012 .

CAN/ULC-S507, Standard for Water Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2012 .

CAN/ULC-S508, Standard for Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers, 2004, Revised2007 Re affirmed 2013 .

CAN/ULC-S512, Standard for Halogenated Agent Hand and Wheeled Fire Extinguishers, 2007, Reaffirmed2007.

2.3.4 Other Publications.

Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Meriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003.

2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections.

NFPA 402, Guide for Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting Operations, 2008 edition 2013 .

NFPA 410, Standard on Aircraft Maintenance, 2010 edition 2015 .

NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) for EmergencyServices, 2007 edition 2013 .



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Referenced current editions.



Public Input No. 13-NFPA 408-2014 [Chapter B]




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2.3.1 FAA Publications.



TSO-C19C, “Portable Water Solution Type Hand Fire Extinguisher, February, 2009.


This change adds a reference to requirements for the unique water type extinguishers that are installed onboard aircraft


Submitter Full Name: Bradford Colton

Organization: American Pacific Corporation

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ANSI/UL 8, Water Based Agent Fire Extinguishers , 2005, Revised 2007.

ANSI/UL 154, Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers , 2005, Revised 2007.

ANSI/UL 299, Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers , 2007.

ANSI/UL 626, Water Fire Extinguishers , 2005, Revised 2007.

ANSI/UL 711, Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers, 2004, Revised 2007.


UL 1803, Standard for Factory Follow-up on Third Party Certified Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2006,Revised 2008.

ANSI/UL 2129, Standard for Safety Halocarbon Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2007.


UL Standards for water, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical are removed. The water type extinguishers used onboard aircraft are in accordance with FAA TSO-C19c instead of UL. Carbon dioxide and dry chemical extinguishers are not recommended for use onboard aircraft (Reference: Chapter 3.3 of FAA Advisory Circular 20-42D, Hand Fire Extinguisher for use in Aircraft)




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ANSI/UL 8, Water Based Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2011 .

ANSI/UL 154, Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2014 .

ANSI/UL 299, CAN/ULC-S504, Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers, 2007 2012 .

ANSI/UL 626, CAN/ULC-S507, Water Fire Extinguishers, 2005, Revised 2007 2012 .

ANSI/UL 711, CAN/ULC-S508, Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers, 2004, Revised 2007 2013 .

UL 1093, Standard for Halogenated Agent Fire Extinguishers , 1995, Revised 2008 .

UL 1803, Standard for Factory Follow-up on Third Party Certified Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2006,Revised 2008 2012 .

ANSI/UL 2129, Standard for Safety Halocarbon Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers, 2007 2014 .


UL Standards were updated and revised:UL1093 has been withdrawn.ANSI/UL 299, 626 and 711 were revised to recognize Canadian references.




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Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada, 7 Underwriters Road, Toronto, Ontario M1R 3B4, Canada.

CAN/ULC-S503, Standard for Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers , 2005, Revised 2007.

CAN/ULC-S504, Standard for Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers , 2005, Revised 2007.

CAN/ULC-S507, Standard for Water Fire Extinguishers , 2005, Revised 2007.

CAN/ULC- S508, Standard for Rating and Fire Testing of Fire Extinguishers, 2004, Revised 2007.

CAN/ULC-S512, Standard for Halogenated Agent Hand and Wheeled Fire Extinguishers, 2007, Reaffirmed2007.


ULC Standards for water, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical are removed. The water type extinguishers used onboard aircraft are in accordance with FAA TSO-C19c instead of UL. Carbon dioxide and dry chemical extinguishers are not recommended for use onboard aircraft (Reference: Chapter 3.3 of FAA Advisory Circular 20-42D, Hand Fire Extinguisher for use in Aircraft)




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Halogenated agents referenced in this standard are either halons [i.e. , bromotrifluoromethane (Halon1301), bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon 1211), and mixtures of Halon 1211 and Halon 1301 (Halon1211/1301)] , or halocarbon agents [i.e., hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), HFC (hydrofluorocarbon), orperfluorocarbon (PFC) based halogenated agents]. . These agents have a Class ABC capability anddischarge either as a rapidly evaporating liquid or as a mixed gas and vapor stream. This characteristicprovides these agent with some capability to extinguish fires occurring in hidden spaces.


The halons and halocarbon chemical compositions are disclosed in sections 3.3.12.1 through 3.3.12.3 and do not require duplication here. For the halons in sections 3.3.12.2 and 3.3.12.3 there is discussion of Class ABC capability, but there was no discussion of this in Section 3.3.12.1 for halocarbons. Therefore, my suggestion is to pull this language into 3.3.12, with some additional wording on hidden fire capability, and remove the wording from 3.3.12.2 and 3.3.12.3.




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3.3.12.1 * Halocarbon.

A halogenated agent whose chemical name is inclusive of one or more of the following:

hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC), hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), or perfluorocarbon (PFC) , fluoroiodocarbon

(FIC) types of agents, and other halocarbons that are found acceptable under the Environmental Protection Agency

Significant New Alternatives Policy program .


This change matches the wording to NFPA 10 and allows new clean agent halon alternatives approved by the EPA Significant New Alternatives Program (SNAP) to be automatically included.




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3.3.12.2 * Halon 1211.

A halogenated agent whose chemical name is bromochlorodifluoromethane (CBrClF2) and that is a

multipurpose, Class ABC-rated agent effective against flammable liquid fires .


The removed wording was applicable to all halogenated agents and another submittal was made to move this language to Section 3.3.12.




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3.3.12.3 * Halon 1301.

A halogenated agent whose chemical name is bromotrifluoromethane (CBrF3) that is recognized as an

agent having Class ABC capability in total flooding systems .


The removed wording was applicable to all halogenated agents and another submittal was made to move this language to Section 3.3.12.




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4.1.2

Hand portable fire extinguishers used to comply with this standard shall be listed and labeled and meet orexceed all the requirements of one or more of the applicable fire test standards and one of the applicableperformance standards as follows:

(1) Fire test standards as follows:

(2) For halons

, halocarbons, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, water, and film-forming foam,

(a) and halocarbons use ANSI/UL 711 and CAN/ULC-S508.

(b) For halocarbon types for civilian transport category aircraft, use DOT/FAA/AR-01/37.

(3) Performance standards as follows:

(4) For

carbon dioxide types, use ANSI/UL 154 and CAN/ULC-S503.

(5) For dry chemical types, use ANSI/UL 299 and CAN/ULC-S504.

For

(a) water types,

use ANSI/UL 626 and CAN/ULC-S507

(a) use TSO-C19 .

(b) For halon types, use UL 1093 and CAN/ULC-S512.

(c) For

film-forming foam types, use ANSI/UL 8.For

(a) halocarbon types, use ANSI/UL 2129.


This section was modified to reflect that the water type extinguishers used onboard are in accordance with TSO-C19 and are not standard UL models. Also, reference to carbon dioxide, dry chemical and AFFF extinguishers were removed as these types are not recommended for use onboard aircraft.




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4.2.1

Water-based extinguishers shall have a minimum rating of 1-A and shall be equipped with either a spray orstraight stream nozzle shall be in accordance with TSO C19 .


Water extinguishers used onboard aircraft are in accordance with TSO C19 versus UL standards. The water capacity is 1.38 L, which would not be sufficient to achieve a 1A rating (reference: AC 20-42D, Chapter 7.a). The suggested revision is to be in accordance with TSO C19.




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4.3.2.1.2 *

For occupied spaces on small aircraft only, with a maximum certificated occupant capacity of one to fourpersons including the pilot compartment volume of 200 ft3 , a Halon 1211 or halocarbon extinguisher with aminimum rating of 2-B:C shall be permitted to be used.


FAA Advisory Circular 20-42D, Chapter 2(1)(C)(1), specifies the allowance for a 2B:C extinguisher to be used in smaller aircraft and rotorcraft with volumes up to 200 ft3. There are some six seat configurations that fit in the 200 ft3 volume allowing, and it would be useful to be able to use these smaller extinguishers in these aircraft while still providing appropriate protection.




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A.4.1.5

In the United States, the authority having jurisdiction is the Federal Aviation Administration. The AHJ inEurope is the Joint European Aviation Authority Safety Agency , and the AHJ in Canada is TransportCanada.


EASA took over the responsibilities from the Joint Aviation Authority in 2008.




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A.4.3.1

Exposure to decomposed halogenated agents could produce varied central nervous system effects,depending on exposure concentration and time. Halogenated agents also decompose into products ofgreater toxicity when subjected to flame or to hot surfaces at approximately 482°C (900°F). See NFPA12A, Standard on Halon 1301 Fire A.1.5.1.1 of NFPA 2001, Standard on Clean Agent Fire ExtinguishingSystems, for detailed information.

The expected potential exposure of decomposition products resulting from the application of approvedhalocarbon agent extinguishers to flames or hot surfaces was also addressed and found to be withinacceptable limits in DOT/FAA/AR-01/37.


NFPA 2001 provides a better reference than NFPA 12A as NFPA 2001 has more detailed discussion and is written to apply to all halogenated halon alternatives, versus the 12A discussion which is focused on Halon 1301.




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A.4.3.2

Halon 1211 extinguishers and halocarbon extinguishers have their greatest effectiveness on Class B andClass C fires. Extinguishers Halon 1211 extinguishers with 4 kg (9 lb) or greater capacity also are rated forClass A fires. Extinguishers with capacity of less than 4 kg (9 lb), although not rated for use on Class Afires, have been shown to be effective in extinguishing surface Class A fires. The same is true forhalocarbon extinguishers, wherein smallers heldheld sizes are rated for Class B and C and larger handheldextinguishers are rated for Class A, B, and C.


This section relates to both Halon 1211 and its alternatives, but the annex text was still dedicated to Halon 1211. The text was updated to reflect similar properties for the alternatives.




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Public Input No. 13-NFPA 408-2014 [ Chapter B ]

Annex B Informational References

B.1 Referenced Publications.

The documents or portions thereof listed in this annex are referenced within the informational sections ofthis standard and are not part of the requirements of this document unless also listed in Chapter 2 for otherreasons.

B.1.1 NFPA Publications.


NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2010 edition 2013 .

NFPA 12A, Standard on Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Systems, 2009 edition 2015 .

B.1.2 Other Publications.

B.1.2.1 BSI Publications.

British Standards Institute, 389 Chiswick High Road, London, W4 4AL, United Kingdom.

British Standard BS 5306 -3 , Part 3, Code of Practice for Selection, Installation, Fire ExtinguishingInstallations and Equipment on Premises - Part 3: Commissioning and Maintenance of PortableFire Extinguishers - Code of Practice, 2009, revised 2011 .British Standard 5423,

Specification for BS 7863 , Recommendations for Colour Coding to Indicate Extinguishing MediaContained in Portable Fire Extinguishers , 2009 .

B.1.2.2 European Publications.

European Committee for Standardization, Management Centre, Rue de Stassart, 30 B-1050 Brussels.

European Standard EN 3-7 (2004 E), Portable Fire Extinguishers — Part 7: Characteristics, PerformanceRequirements and Test Methods.

B.1.2.3 FAA Publications.


FAA Advisory Circular AC 120-80, “In-Flight Fires,” 2004.


DOT/FAA/CT-82/42, “Study of Hand-Held Fire Extinguishers Aboard Civil Aviation Aircraft,” L. M. Krasner,Final Report, June, 1982. Available from FM Global Research, 1301 Atwood 270 Central Avenue , P.O.Box 7500, Johnston, RI 02919-4923 .

B.1.2.4 UL Publications.


ANSI/ UL 711, Safety Rating and Testing of Fire Extinguishers, 2007, revised 2013 .

B.2 Informational References.

The following documents or portions thereof are listed here as informational resources only. They are not apart of the requirements of this document.


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B.2.1 FAA Publications.


Advisory Circular 20-42C 42 D , “Hand Fire Extinguishers for Use in Aircraft,” 1984 2011 .

DOT/FAA/CT-83/30, “Extinguisher Agent Behavior in a Ventilated Small Aircraft,” 1984.

DOT/FAA/CT-86/5, “Halon Extinguisher Agent Behavior in a Ventilated Small Aircraft,” 1986.

DOT/FAA/CT-86/26, “Halon Extinguishment of Small Aircraft Instrument Panel Fires,” 1986.

DOT/FAA/CT-89/31, “Smoke and Extinguisher Agent Dissipation in a Small Pressurized Fuselage,” 1990.

B.2.2 U.S. Government Publications.

Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Military Specification for Halon 1211, MIL-B-38741.

Military Specification for Halon 1301, MIL-M-12218C.

B.2.3 Other Publications.

“The Development of a Hidden Fire Test for Aircraft Hand Extinguisher Applications,” CAA Paper 95013,Kidde International.

“Modeling Cardiac Sensitization of Humans Exposed to Halon 1301 or Halon 1211 Aboard Aircraft,”Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 72, No. 10, October 2001.

“Test and Evaluation of Halon 1211 Hand-Portable Fire Extinguishers for Use in Habitable and CargoCompartments of USAF Aircraft,” J. Walker and R. N. Vickers, Final Report, November, 1981, EngineeringServices Laboratory, Air Force Engineering and Services Center, Tyndall Air Force Base; Report NumberESL-TR-81-22.

B.3 References for Extracts in Informational Sections.

NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) for EmergencyServices, 2007 edition 2013 .


Referenced current editions, titles, and addresses.



Public Input No. 12-NFPA 408-2014 [Chapter 2] Referenced current editions, titles and addresses.




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