Technical Assistance Guide on Re-interviewing (2010) U.S. Dept. of Education- Office of Migrant Education

7/30/2019 Technical Assistance Guide on Re-interviewing (2010) U.S. Dept. of Education- Office of Migrant Education

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http://www.ed.gov/programs/mep/resources.html

http://www.ed.gov/programs/mep/resources.html



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Gc}f# |hkpk o} jf jkkl |f bkgp {~ ifp g cgpbk }{pyk kiifp|* G }agcckp kgp!pf{jl bpf{~ fi pk!oj|kpyokrkp} (fp g

}ojbck pk!oj|kpyokrkp/ mgj hgjlck gcc |hk pk!oj|kpyokr} gcfjb ro|h f|hkp l{|ok}* \hk lo}glygj|gbk o} |hg| |pgykc

mf}|} aobh| `k hobhkp ifp oj!~kp}fj oj|kpyokr}* Hfrkykp# |ho} g~~pfgmh gc}f rfpe} rkcc ro|h ~hfjk oj|kpyokr}*

@kmg{}k |hk fmm{p }hfp|c gi|kp |hk fpobojgc oj|kpyokr# pfccojb }ga~ck} mgj `k ykp mf}| kiikm|oyk gjl kg} |f

{}k*

^cgjjojb ifp Jfj!pk}~fj}k

Gi|kp mfj}olkpojb f{p }|g|k‟} }ga~ck lk}obj gjl |oaojb# gjf|hkp igm|fp |f |gek oj|f gmmf{j| o} jfj!pk}~fj}k*

Jfj!pk}~fj}k fmm{p} rhkj }fakfjk fj |hk }ga~cojb co}|} o} {jgygocg`ck fp pki{}k} |f ~gp|omo~g|k oj |hk pk!

oj|kpyokr* _f{p }|g|k‟} }ga~cojb ~cgj }hf{cl |gek oj|f gmmf{j| hfr agj ~kf~ck gpk coekc |f pki{}k gjl hfr

agj ag jf| `k cfmg|kl*

Jfj!pk}~fj}k giikm|} |hk iojgc }otk fi |hk oj|kpyokr }ga~ck#

gjl |ho} oj |{pj giikm|} hfr {}ki{c |hk pk}{c|} gpk* \gek gcc

pkg}fjg`ck }|k~} |f pkl{mk jfj!pk}~fj}k* \ffc 2 (~gbk 8?/

oj |hk \ffc} }km|ofj ojmc{lk} g mhkmeco}| fi }|k~} |hg| pkl{mk

jfj!pk}~fj}k* Gc}f# mfj}olkp |hk ifccfrojb }{bbk}|ofj}4

= Agek a{c|o~ck g||ka~|} |f mfj|gm| }ga~ckl igaocok}*

\hpkk g||ka~|} gpk mfj}olkpkl |hk aojoa{a ifp oj!

~kp}fj oj|kpyokrojb# `{| 7> g||ka~|} gpk afpk |~omgc

` ~hfjk*

= Oa~ckakj| ~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokr} g} }ffj g} ~f}}o`ck

gi|kp |hk fpobojgc oj|kpyokr}* [}k MFK} ipfa |hk af}|

pkmkj| }mhffc kgp*

= Oa~ckakj| pk!oj|kpyokr} rhkj |hk pk}~fjlkj|} gpk

coekc |f `k hfak*

= Oa~ckakj| pk!oj|kpyokr} rhkj |hk aobpgj| ~f~{cg|ofj o}

~pk}kj| oj |hk gpkg*

= Kj}{pk |hg| |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp} hgyk |hk cgjb{gbk gjl

m{c|{pgc }eocc} jkklkl |f agek f{p }|g|k‟} pk}~fjlkj|}ikkc mfaifp|g`ck*

O| o} oa~fp|gj| |f iob{pk f{| hfr |f bk| |hk }ga~ck }otk

jkklkl# kykj |hf{bh |hkpk ag `k jfj!pk}~fj}k}* Ifp `g}om

~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokrojb# f{ rocc coekc rgj| |f {}k fykp }ga~cojb |f kj}{pk |hkpk gpk kjf{bh pk}~fj}k}*Rhkj fykp }ga~cojb# afpk ~kf~ck gpk lkco`kpg|kc ojmc{lkl oj |hk }ga~ck |hgj gpk oj|kjlkl |f `k oj|kpyokrkl*

\ho} rfpe} rkcc oi f{ ejfr rhg| |hk jfj!pk}~fj}k pg|k o} coekc |f `k* Oi g }ga~ck fi ;> o} jkklkl gjl o| o}

ejfrj ipfa kx~kpokjmk |hg| g`f{| 7> ~kpmkj| fi |hk }ga~ck mhf}kj (; ~kf~ck/ rocc jf| pk}~fjl# }k||ojb |hk

}ga~ck }otk ifp ;9 ~kf~ck }hf{cl agek o| afpk coekc |hg| f{ rocc kykj|{gcc bk| |hk ;> pk}~fjlkj|} jkklkl*

^cgj ifp jfj!pk}~fj}k rhkj ~{ccojb |hk

}ga~ck gjl mgppojb f{| |hk oj|kpyokr}

|f hkc~ kj}{pk |hg| kjf{bh ojifpag|ofj o}

mfcckm|kl |f olkj|oi ~pf`cka} gjl jkx|}|k~}* Ifp kxga~ck# ;> pk!oj|kpyokr} gpk

jkklkl l{pojb |hk ~pf}~km|oyk pk!

oj|kpyokrojb ~pfmk}} gjl g }ga~ck fi

kxgm|c ;> mhoclpkj o} ~{cckl* Oi fjc <>

mhoclpkj mgj `k cfmg|kl# f{ rocc `k ck}}

coekc |f iojl ~pf`cka} |hg| kxo}| gjl

rocc ejfr ck}} g`f{| hfr |f iox |hf}k

~pf`cka}* Oi |ho} jfj!pk}~fj}k o}

gj|omo~g|kl gjl gmmfplojbc# 9= mhoclpkj

gpk }kckm|kl l{pojb |hk }ga~cojb ~pfmk}}#

f{ mgj `k kj}{pkl |hg| |hkpk rocc

{c|oag|kc `k kjf{bh oj|kpyokr} |f akk|f{p }|g|k‟} jkkl}*

@pobh| Olkg



]km|ofj cOO4 ^pf}~km|oyk Pk!Oj|kpyokr} ! Lkykcf~ g @g}om ]ga~ck Lk}obj


RGPJOJB4 \f gyfol }ga~cojb òg}# rhkj fykp }ga~cojb# gcc |hk mhoclpkj }kckm|kl bkjkpgcc jkkl |f `k

oj|kpyokrkl# kykj oi |hk lk}opkl }ga~ck }otk o} pkgmhkl `kifpk gcc fi |hk oj|kpyokr} gpk iojo}hkl fj |hk }ga~cojb

co}|* \ho} o} ~gp|om{cgpc |p{k rhkj {}ojb g }|p{m|{pkl pgjlfa }ga~ck*

Oi |hk `g}om g~~pfgmh |f ~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokrojb lk}mpo`kl g`fyk akk|} f{p }|g|k‟} jkkl}# f{ ag ro}h |f

}eo~ ghkgl |f ~gbk =># ^pk~gpk ifp Pk!oj|kpyokrojb Lg|g Mfcckm|ofj* Oi f{ |hoje f{ ag jkkl |f lf kjhgjmkl ~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokrojb# fp oi f{ rgj| |f ejfr g`f{| f|hkp f~|ofj}# pkgl g`f{| kjhgjmkl ~pf}~km|oyk pk!

oj|kpyokrojb jkx|*

Oi f{ gj}rkpkl G |f af}| fi |hk o|ka} fj ~gbk} 7; |f 72 g| |hk `kbojjojb fi |ho} }km|ofj# g

}|g|krolk pgjlfa }ga~ck ag `k `k}| ifp f{p }|g|k' ^pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokrojb }hf{cl ~pfyolk

gj kgpc rgpjojb fi ~pf`cka} |hg| ag kxo}| fp `k lkykcf~ojb g| g }|g|krolk ckykc* G }}|kag|om

pgjlfa }ga~ck mgppokl f{| fj g pfccojb `g}o} g} pkmp{o|kp} }{ào| MFK} mgj ~pfyolk |hk

ojifpag|ofj f{p }|g|k jkkl} oj g mf}|!kiikm|oyk rg* _f{ mgj agek |ho} afpk mf}| kiikm|oyk

(~gp|om{cgpc oi f{p }|g|k o} cgpbk# fp f{p ~kp}fjjkc pk}f{pmk} }agcc/ ` {}ojb ~hfjk pk!

oj|kpyokr} gjl mfj|gm|ojb igaocok} ifp pk!oj|kpyokr} }ffj gi|kp |hk ojo|ogc oj|kpyokr*

Oi f{ ejfr |hk g~~pfxoag|k j{a`kp fi mhoclpkj f{p }|g|k gj|omo~g|k} kjpfccojb (ojmc{lojb

gjj{gc pk!kjpfccakj| `g}kl fj jkr w{gcoiojb afyk}/# f{ mgj {}k ko|hkp g }oa~ck fp g

}}|kag|om pgjlfa }ga~ck* Ifp g }oa~ck pgjlfa }ga~ck# ck| f{p }|g|o}|omogj ejfr |hk j{a`kp fi

mhoclpkj f{ gj|omo~g|k kjpfccojb (k*b*# <#>>>/* \hk }|g|o}|omogj mgj lpgr g }k| fi pgjlfa j{a`kp}

(k*b*# `k|rkkj 7 gjl <#>>>/ |hg| rocc olkj|oi rhomh MFK} (` fplkp fi kjpfccakj|/ |f pk!

oj|kpyokr*

\f lpgr g }}|kag|om pgjlfa }ga~ck# |hk }ga~cojb oj|kpygc o} lk|kpaojkl ` loyolojb |hk j{a`kp

fi mhoclpkj gj|omo~g|kl |f `k kjpfcckl ` |hk j{a`kp fi pk!oj|kpyokr} jkklkl |f `k g||ka~|kl |f

mfcckm| ;> pk}~fj}k}* Ifp kxga~ck# oi f{ gj|omo~g|k kjpfccojb&pk!kjpfccojb <#>>> mhoclpkj oj |hk

AK^# gjl f{ k}|oag|k |hg| 8> ~kpmkj| fi igaocok} mgj `k if{jl# |hkj |hk oj|kpygc g| rhomh |f

}kckm| mhoclpkj o} <#>>>&(;>&>*8/19<* _f{ rf{cl |hkj }kckm| |hk MFK fi kykp 9<|h mhocl kjpfcckl*

[}k |hk }agcck}| j{a`kp fi }|{lkj|} gj|omo~g|kl |f `k kjpfcckl gjl |hk hobhk}| pkg}fjg`ck

k}|oag|k fi jfj!pk}~fj}k |f kj}{pk |hg| g cgpbk kjf{bh }ga~ck o} ~{cckl*

@pobh| Olkg



]km|ofj OOO4 ^pf}~km|oyk Pk!Oj|kpyokr} ! Lkykcf~ gj Kjhgjmkl ]ga~ck Lk}obj


Lkykcf~ g ]ga~ck Lk}obj ifp KJHGJMKL ^pf}~km|oyk Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb

Olkj|oi _f{p ^f~{cg|ofj4 Lkiojk |hk ]ga~cojb [joykp}k

[}{gcc# |hk }ga~cojb {joykp}k ifp pk!oj|kpyokrojb o} gcc aobpgj| mhoclpkj |f rhfa |hk pk}{c|} rocc g~~c* Oj

af}| ~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokrojb mg}k}# |hk }ga~cojb {joykp}k rocc `k gcc aobpgj| mhoclpkj# gbk} = |hpf{bh 07#

rhf rkpk pkmp{o|kl (o*k*# rhf}k kcoboòco| rg} lk|kpaojkl/ ifp |hk AK^ oj f{p }|g|k l{pojb |hk m{ppkj| kgp*FAK mfj}olkp} |hk –m{ppkj| kgp‑ |f `k |hk }gak g} g mhocl mf{j|

kgp# ]k~|ka`kp 7 |hpf{bh G{b{}| =7# `kmg{}k o| pkw{opk} f{ |f

pk~fp| |hk pk}{c|} fi f{p ~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokrojb# gcfjb ro|h

f{p }|g|k‟} mhocl mf{j|# g} ~gp| fi f{p }|g|k‟} gjj{gc M]^P

}{ào}}ofj*

Oj gcaf}| gcc mg}k}# |hk }ga~cojb {joykp}k rocc `k |hk mhoclpkj# gbk}

= |hpf{bh 07# rhf rkpk pkmp{o|kl (o*k*# rhf}k kcoboòco| rg}

lk|kpaojkl/ `k|rkkj ]k~|ka`kp 7 gjl G{b{}| =7 fi |hk kgp

g}}fmog|kl ro|h f{p }|g|k‟} {~mfaojb M]^P* Ifp kxga~ck# oi f{p

}|g|k‟} jkx| M]^P o} l{k oj Lkmka`kp 0>7># f{p }ga~cojb

{joykp}k rocc `k gcc mhoclpkj# gbk} = |hpf{bh 07# rhf rkpk

pkmp{o|kl `k|rkkj ]k~|ka kp 7# 0>>? gjl G{b{}| =7# 0>7>* \hklkiojo|ofj fi rhf o} ojmc{lkl }hf{cl ag|mh |hg| {}kl ifp f{p

}|g|k‟} mhocl mf{j|# kxmk~| |hg| |hk }ga~ck }hf{cl jf| ojmc{lk

mhoclpkj rhf}k kcoboòco| rg} lk|kpaojkl oj ~pofp kgp} (o*k*# ~pofp

|f ]k~|ka`kp 7# 0>>? {}ojb |hk kxga~ck g`fyk/* \hk}k mhoclpkj

aobh| }|occ `k kcobo`ck ifp }kpyomk}# gjl |hkpkifpk# pk~fp|kl g} ~gp|

fi f{p }|g|k‟} mhocl mf{j|* @{|# {jck}} |hk rkpk gbgoj if{jl

kcobo`ck `g}kl fj g jkr w{gcoiojb afyk# |hk rkpk jf| pkmp{o|kl

`k|rkkj ]k~|ka`kp 7 gjl G{b{}| =7 fi |hk m{ppkj| kgp gjl }hf{cl

jf| `k ojmc{lkl oj f{p }ga~ck*

Oj }fak {j{}{gc mg}k}# f{p }|g|k ag rgj| |f pk}|pom| f{p

}ga~cojb {joykp}k lkco`kpg|kc |f mkp|goj pkbofj} fp pkmp{o|kp}* Ifp kxga~ck# oi f{ ejfr ipfa |hk af}| pkmkj| pk|pf}~km|oyk pk!

oj|kpyokr} |hg| w{gco| mfj|pfc ~pf`cka} gpk mfjmkj|pg|kl oj g ikr

CFG} fp |hg| jkr pkmp{o|kp} gpk |hk }f{pmk fi af}| fi |hk ojgmm{pg|k kcoboòco| lkmo}ofj}# f{p }|g|k aobh| rgj|

|f pk}|pom| |hk {joykp}k |f d{}| |hk mhoclpkj oj |hf}k CFG} fp |hf}k oj|kpyokrkl ` jkr pkmp{o|kp}* Oi |ho} o} |hk

mg}k# agek }{pk f{ {jlkp}|gjl |hk pkg}fj} gjl lo}|po`{|ofj fi f{p }|g|k‟} kcoboòco| kppfp}* _f{p }|g|k }hf{cl

jf| pk}|pom| |hk }ga~cojb {joykp}k |f }~kmogc mg}k} ifp afpk |hgj fjk kgp*

Rgpjojb4 Pk}|pom|ojb |hk }ga~cojb {joykp}k gc}f pk}|pom|} |hk ojifpag|ofj |hg| mgj `k f`|gojkl oj |hk

~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokrojb* Ifp kxga~ck# oi cfmg|ofj} fp pkmp{o|kp} gpk }ga~ckl ro|h ejfrj ~pf`cka}# f{p }|g|k

aobh| `k {jg`ck |f }~f| gj kakpbojb ~pf`cka} {j|oc |hk jkx| }|g|krolk pk!oj|kpyokr mmck*

Oi }gyojb afjk o} g ~pofpo|# f{p }|g|k ag `k |ka~|kl |f pk}|pom| |hk {joykp}k |f CFG} fp pkmp{o|kp} rhf hgyk

hgl ~pf`cka} oj |hk ~g}|* Oj}|kgl fi pk}|pom|ojb |hk }ga~cojb {joykp}k# f{ mgj {}k g mfa~ckx }ga~ck |f

mfjmkj|pg|k af}| oj|kpyokr} gafjb ~pf`cka CFG} fp pkmp{o|kp}# rhock }|occ ojmc{lojb g }agcc j{a`kp ipfa f|hkp

gpkg}* \ho} gccfr} ifp |hk mfjmkj|pg|ofj fi af}| fi |hk pk}f{pmk} fj ejfrj ~pf`cka} `{| }|occ lkyf|k} }fak

pk}f{pmk} |f afjo|fpojb ifp kakpbojb ~pf`cka}* Lfojb |ho} pkw{opk} mfj}{c|ojb g }ga~cojb }|g|o}|omogj igaocogp

ro|h mfa~ckx }ga~ck}*

]kckm|ofj fi g Pgjlfa ]ga~cojb Ak|hfl

\hk }kckm|ofj fi |hk }ga~cojb ak|hfl o} fi|kj |hk hgplk}| ~gp| fi |hk }ga~cojb ~pfmk}}# ~gp|om{cgpc oi f{p

}|g|k‟} ojifpag|ofj jkkl} gpk mfa~ckx gjl pk}f{pmk} gpk coao|kl* Pkaka`kp# oj af}| mg}k}# |hk }ga~ck }otk rocc

}|occ `k }agcc4 ipfa ;> |f 7>> mhoclpkj* \ho} akgj} |hg| |hk }ga~ck }hf{cl `k ek~| g} }oa~ck g} ~f}}o`ck* Oj

\hk kg}ok}| rg |f b{gpgj|kk |hg|

|hk }ga~cojb {joykp}k o}

mfa~ck|k o} |f {}k |hk }|g|k‟}

aobpgj| }|{lkj| lg|g }}|ka |f

bkjkpg|k g co}| fi }|{lkj|}

lk|kpaojkl kcobo`ck l{pojb |hk

m{ppkj| kgp (}kk |hk iop}| ~gpgbpg~h fj |ho} ~gbk ifp rhg|

FAK mfj}olkp} |f `k |hk –m{ppkj|

kgp‑/* \ho} g~~pfgmh ag jf|

`k g`ck |f `k {}kl oi |hk

~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokr} gpklfjk fj g pfccojb `g}o} }hfp|c

gi|kp pkmp{o|kp} mfa~ck|k |hk

ojo|ogc kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj}*

Oj}|kgl# f{ ag ro}h |f lkiojk

|hk }|g|k‟} {joykp}k co}| g} |hk

MFK} |hg| hgyk `kkj }{ào||kl

gjl gpk grgo|ojb kj|p oj|f |hk

}|g|k‟} aobpgj| }|{lkj| lg|g

}}|ka*

@pobh| Olkg




\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! 0=^pf}~km|oyk

bkjkpgc# o| o} g bffl olkg |f mfj}{c| ro|h g }ga~cojb }|g|o}|omogj rhf o} igaocogp ro|h |hk |~k} fi }ga~ck} |hg|

f{p }|g|k rocc `k {}ojb*

\hk |~k fi }ga~ck |hg| f{ }kckm| lk~kjl} fj |hk gj}rkp} |f |hk w{k}|ofj} ~f}kl fj ~gbk} 7; |hpf{bh 72* Oi f{

gpk pkglojb |ho} }km|ofj# f{ ag hgyk gj}rkpkl @ |f fjk fp afpk fi |hk w{k}|ofj}# gjl jkkl |f mfj}olkp {}ojb g

mfa~ckx }ga~cojb g~~pfgmh gjl&fp g cgpbkp }ga~ck }otk |hgj ;>*

\hk af}| ipkw{kj|c {}kl |~k} fi }ga~ck} ojmc{lk4

= ]oa~ck }ga~ck}4 ]oa~ck pgjlfa }ga~ck} gjl }}|kag|om pgjlfa }ga~ck}5

= Mfa~ckx }ga~ck}4 ]|pg|oiokl }ga~cojb gjl mc{}|kp }ga~cojb5 gjl

= ]kci!rkobh|ojb# ~pf`gòco| ~pf~fp|ofjgc |f }otk (^^]/ }ga~cojb* \ho} mfa~ckx }ga~ck i{jm|ofj} coek g}oa~ck }ga~ck*

Mfa~ckx }ga~ck} gjl ^^] }ga~ck} gpk fi|kj mgcckl a{c|o}|gbk }ga~ck}* \ho} akgj} |hg| |hk }ga~ck o} ~{cckl oj

a{c|o~ck }|k~} `g}kl fj |hk ojifpag|ofj gygocg ck g| kgmh }|k~* Rhkj f{ {}k mfa~ckx }ga~cojb# |hk }|g|o}|omogj

a{}| gmmf{j| ifp |hk loiikpkj| ~pf`gòco|ok} fi `kojb }ga~ckl oj |hk loiikpkj| mc{}|kp} fp }|pg|g* \hk {}k

}ga~cojb rkobh|} |f kj}{pk |hg| |hk lg|g ipfa kgmh }ga~ck aka`kp gpk mf{j|kl mfppkm|c oj |hk pk}{c|}* \hk

ak|hfl o} mfa~ckx# `{| |hk mfjmk~| o} }oaocgp |f mgcm{cg|ojb g rkobh|kl gykpgbk* \hkpk o} g afpk lk|gockl

kx~cgjg|ofj fi }ga~cojb rkobh|} oj \ffc 7; (~gbk 7>;/ fi |hk \ffc} }km|ofj* Fjk lo}glygj|gbk fi }ga~cojbrkobh|} o} |hg| |hk mgj ojmpkg}k |hk }|gjlgpl lkyog|ofj# rhomh akgj} |hg| |hk }ga~ck hg} ck}} ~pkmo}ofj |hgj

}oa~ckp }ga~ck}* \ho} akgj} |hg| f{ ag gc}f jkkl |f {}k cgpbkp }ga~ck} rhkj f{ }|pg|oi fp mc{}|kp f{p

}ga~ck*

\g`ck = lk}mpo`k} |hk}k mfaafj }ga~ck |~k} gjl |hkop pk}~km|oyk glygj|gbk} gjl lo}glygj|gbk}*




\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! 0<^pf}~km|oyk

\g`ck =* \~k} fi ]ga~cojb

\~k Ak|hflfcfb Glygj|gbk} Lo}glygj|gbk}

]oa~ckpgjlfa

† Lpgr} aka`kp} fi |hk~f~{cg|ofj mfa~ck|kc g|

pgjlfa (k*b*# ` g}}objojbgjl }kckm|ojb ` pgjlfacbkjkpg|kl j{a`kp}/*

† Bkjkpg|k} ojifpag|ofj g`f{| |hkkj|opk ~f~{cg|ofj*

† Fi|kj ~pfyolk} |hk af}| mkp|goj|ifp |hk }ga~ck }otk*

† Kg} |f gjgctk lg|g*

† Mgjjf| `k mkp|goj |hg| o| pk~pk}kj|} gcc}{`bpf{~}*

† Ag ojmpkg}k |pgykc mf}|}*

† Pkw{opk} g mfa~ck|k {joykp}k co}| g| |hk|oak |hk }ga~ck o} lpgrj*

]}|kag|ompgjlfa

† Lpgr} aka`kp} fi |hk~f~{cg|ofj {}ojb g lk}objg|kloj|kpygc (k*b*# kykp |hopl~kp}fj/*

† Bkjkpg|k} ojifpag|ofj g`f{| f{pkj|opk ~f~{cg|ofj*

† Fi|kj ~pfyolk} |hk af}| mkp|goj|ifp |hk }ga~ck }otk*

† Kg} |f gjgctk lg|g*

† [}ojb g }fp|kl co}| mgj kj}{pk |hg||hk }ga~ck pk~pk}kj|} cgpbk}{`bpf{~}*

† Mgjjf| `k mkp|goj |hg| |hk }ga~ckojmc{lk} ykp }agcc }{`bpf{~}*


† Pkw{opk} gj {~!|f!lg|k {joykp}k co}| g||hk |oak |hk }ga~ck o} lpgrj*

]|pg|oiokl

† ]k~gpg|k} |hk ~f~{cg|ofj oj|fbpf{~} gjl lpgr} }k~gpg|k

pgjlfa }ga~ck} ipfa kgmhbpf{~ (k*b*# bpf{~} ag `kpkbofj} fp mf{j|ok}/*

† Bkjkpg|k} ojifpag|ofj |hg|pk~pk}kj|} gcc }{`bpf{~} fi |hk~f~{cg|ofj*

† Jf jkkl ifp g mkj|pgcotkl {joykp}kco}|*

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†

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@pobh| Olkg





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gpk }kckm|kl l{pojb |hk }ga~cojb ~pfmk}}#

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@pobh| Olkg




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o} {jgygocg`ck* \hkpk gpk ygpof{} rg} |f lf |ho}* Ak|hfl}

fi pk~cgmkakj| }ga~cojb ojmc{lk pgjlfaotojb |hk kj|opk

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`k mc{}|kpkl*

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Co}| M*

@pobh| Olkg



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= Lkykcf~ |hk lg|g mfcckm|ofj }|pg|kb5

= Lkykcf~ |hk pk!oj|kpyokr ifpa5 gjl

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oj|kpyokrkp fp cfmgc }mhffc lo}|pom|/*

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ag `k mfjmkpjkl g`f{| |kck~hfjk }mga} gjl olkj|o| |hki|*

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j{a`kp |f mgcc oi |hkpk gpk w{k}|ofj}*

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po}e} `kmg{}k fi |hk pk!oj|kpyokr*

Lkykcf~ _f{p Pk!oj|kpyokr Ifpa

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{jlkp}|ffl ` `f|h igaocok} gjl |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp* ]kk |hk }ga~ck oj|kpyokr ifpa} oj \ffc ? (~gbk ?9/ fi |hk\ffc} }km|ofj* \gocfp |hk}k }ga~ck} |f f{p }|g|k‟} }~kmoiom jkkl}4

= Pkyokr f{p }|g|k‟} OL)P agj{gc5

= Pkyokr |hk pkckygj| iklkpgc pkb{cg|ofj} gjl b{olgjmk5

D{a~ ]|gp|

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= Ojmc{lk gj oj|pfl{m|ofj fj f{p }|g|k‟} ifpa5

= [}k g~~pf~pog|k |~k} fi w{k}|ofj} ifp kgmh lg|g o|ka5

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iokcl mfjlo|ofj}5 gjl

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|f agek }{pk o| mgj `k {}kl kiikm|oykc oj f{p }|g|k ro|h |hk ~f~{cg|ofj*

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~poj|ojb*

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f{ rkpk gj}rkpojb |hg| w{k}|ofj6‑

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ikkc oi# oi gi|kp rfpeojb hgpl |f mfcckm| f{p lg|g# f{ pkgcotk |hg| f{ lf jf| hgyk |hk lg|g f{p }|g|k jkkl}'

]kckm|# \pgoj# gjl \k}| _f{p Pk!oj|kpyokrkp}

Ifp ~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokrojb# o| o} gmmk~|g`ck |f {}k f{p }|g|k‟} kxo}|ojb pkmp{o|akj| }|gii&mfj|pgm|fp} g} pk!

oj|kpyokrkp} ifp |rf f{| fi kykp |hpkk kgp}* Hfrkykp# o| o} oa~fp|gj| |f mgpki{cc }kckm| gjl g}}obj pk!

oj|kpyokrkp}# gjl |f kj}{pk |hg| |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp} {}kl gpk g} ojlk~kjlkj| g} mgj pkg}fjg`c `k }km{pkl* \hkpkmp{o|kp} {}kl g} pk!oj|kpyokrkp} jkkl |f ifm{} fj mfcckm|ojb |hk af}| mfa~ck|k# igop# gjl gmm{pg|k ojifpag|ofj

~f}}o`ck# boykj |oak gjl oj}|p{akj|g|ofj mfj}|pgoj|}* \hk gpk |hk ipfj|cojk lg|g mfcckm|fp} gjl hgyk g ~frkpi{c

ojic{kjmk fj |hk w{gco| fi |hk ojifpag|ofj bg|hkpkl* \hk ifccfrojb rocc hkc~ f{ bk| }|gp|kl4

= Pkyokr |hk }|gjlgpl} |hg| g~~c |f f`|gojojb lg|g ipfa igaocok}5

= K}|g`co}h gj ejfrj mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}| g} f{ olkj|oi pk!oj|kpyokrkp}5

= Iojl pk!oj|kpyokrkp} rhf mgj k}|g`co}h g bffl pg~~fp| ro|h igaocok}5

= Lkykcf~ g |pgojojb b{olk }~kmoiom |f f{p pk!oj|kpyokr lg|g mfcckm|ofj ~pfmk}}5 gjl

= Oa~ckakj| |hk |pgojojb gjl |k}| |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp} fj f{p lg|g mfcckm|ofj ~pfmk}}* (Kykj oi |hk gpk

kx|pkakc kx~kpokjmkl# pkmp{o|kp} }|occ jkkl |pgojojb gjl |k}|ojb fj |hk pk!oj|kpyokr ~{p~f}k gjl ~pfmk}}

o|}kci*/

\f }kckm| gjl }{~~fp| f{p pk!oj|kpyokrkp} g~~pf~pog|kc# `kmfak igaocogp ro|h |hk }|gjlgpl} `kcfr ifp kj}{pojb

pk!oj|kpyokrkp ojlk~kjlkjmk gjl }eocc}* \g`ck ; co}|} |hk }ox }|gjlgpl} |hg| g~~c* \g`ck ; o} k}~kmogcc oa~fp|gj|

|f mfj}olkp kykp |hopl kgp rhkj f{p }|g|k o} pkw{opkl |f {}k ojlk~kjlkj| pk!oj|kpyokr} ifp o|} ~pf}~km|oyk pk!

oj|kpyokrojb*

D{a~ ]|gp|

]|gjlgpl}




\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! =9 ^pf}~km|oyk

\g`ck ;* Mpo|kpog gjl ]|gjlgpl} ifp Kj}{pojb Pk!Oj|kpyokrkp Ojlk~kjlkjmk gjl ]eocc}


Pk!oj|kpyokr} gpk ojlk~kjlkj| ipfafpobojgc oj|kpyokr}*

\hk }|g|k kj}{pk}# g| g aojoa{a# |hg| pk!oj|kpyokrkp} lol jf| mgpp f{| |hk fpobojgcoj|kpyokr} gjl hgl jf ejfrcklbk fi |hk mfj|kj| fi |hk fpobojgc oj|kpyokr}* Fjmk kykp |hpkk

kgp}# |hk ]|g|k a{}| {}k pk!oj|kpyokrkp} |hg| gpk jf| ]KG fp cfmgc f~kpg|ojb gbkjm }|giirfpeojb |f glaojo}|kp fp f~kpg|k |hk AK^*

Pk!oj|kpyokrkp mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}| gpkejfrj gjl gllpk}}kl*

\hk }|g|k gllpk}}k} |hk mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}| |hg| o| iojl}*

Pk!oj|kpyokrkp} hgyk |hk jkklklcojb{o}|om mg~gòco|*

\hk }|g|k agek} gj kiifp| |f ag|mh oj|kpyokrkp} hopkl |f |hk cgjb{gbk fi |hk ~gpkj|} |hkgpk |f oj|kpyokr*

Pk!oj|kpyokrkp} hgyk |hk jkmk}}gp~f~{cg|ofj ejfrcklbk*

\hk }|g|k agek} gj kiifp| |f }kckm| oj|kpyokrkp} rhf hgyk ejfrcklbk fi gjl kx~kpokjmk ro|haobpgj| ~f~{cg|ofj}*

Pk!oj|kpyokrkp} hgyk |pgojojb gjlb{olgjmk*

Gcc pk!oj|kpyokrkp} hgyk lk|gockl |pgojojb pkbgplojb |hk kcoboòco| pkw{opkakj|}# |hk ~{p~f}kfi |hk pk!oj|kpyokr} gjl |hk pk!oj|kpyokr oj}|p{akj|*

Pk!oj|kpyokrkp mfcckm|} lg|g gmm{pg|kc* Gcc pk!oj|kpyokrkp} gpk |k}|kl gjl&fp f`}kpykl l{pojb gm|{gc fp ~pgm|omk oj|kpyokr} |f kj}{pk|hk gpk g~~cojb |hk ~pf|fmfc mfppkm|c*

Pkmp{o| _f{p Pk!oj|kpyokrkp}

\hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp }hf{cl ifm{} fj mfcckm|ojb |hk af}| mfa~ck|k# igop# gjl gmm{pg|k ojifpag|ofj ~f}}o`ck# boykj

|oak gjl oj}|p{akj|g|ofj mfj}|pgoj|}* Mhkmeojb ifp pk!oj|kpyokrkp mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}|} mgj hkc~ ro|h |ho}*

\hk ifccfrojb gpk kxga~ck} fi mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}|4

= Ejfrojb |hk gj}rkp} igaocok} bgyk oj |hkop fpobojgc oj|kpyokr} oj glygjmk fi |hk pk!oj|kpyokr5

= Hgyojb ejfrcklbk fi |hk }~kmoiom }ga~ckl igaocok} gjl |hkop mopm{a}|gjmk}5

= Rgj|ojb |f ~pk}kpyk |hk fpobojgc oj|kpyokrkp‟} pk~{|g|ofj ifp gmm{pg|k lg|g mfcckm|ofj5

= Hgyojb g }|gek oj pgo}ojb fp cfrkpojb |hk }|g|k‟} pkmfplkl lo}mpk~gjm pg|k5 gjl

= Hfclojb }|pfjb f~ojofj} g`f{| |hk lk}opgòco| fi kjpfccojb afpk&ikrkp mhoclpkj oj |hk }|g|k AK^*

Pk!oj|kpyokrkp} }hf{cl `k g`ck |f bgoj |hk |p{}| fi# gjl mckgpc mfaa{jomg|k ro|h# |hk pk}~fjlkj|}* [}ojb pk!

oj|kpyokrkp} rhf hgyk |hk cgjb{gbk }eocc} gjl m{c|{pgc ejfrcklbk |f pkgmh f{p aobpgj| ~f~{cg|ofj ojmpkg}k}|hk kiikm|oykjk}} gjl kiiomokjm fi f{p oj|kpyokrojb `4

= ^pfyolojb pk}~fjlkj|} ro|h g pk!oj|kpyokrkp ro|h rhfa |hk ikkc mfaifp|g`ck5

= Hkc~ojb kj}{pk |hg| pk}~fjlkj|}‟ gj}rkp} gpk gmm{pg|kc pk~pk}kj|kl5

= Kj}{pojb |hg| |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp} {jlkp}|gjl gjl pkmfpl rhg| |hk pk}~fjlkj|} }g kx~como|c5 gjl

= Kj}{pojb |hg| |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp} g}e kjf{bh w{k}|ofj} |f pk}fcyk gj w{k}|ofj} pgo}kl ` |hk pk}~fjlkj|}‟

pk}~fj}k} (k*b*# g}eojb w{k}|ofj} |f lo}|ojb{o}h oi g rfpekp‟} afyk rg} ifp ygmg|ofj ~{p~f}k} fp ifp

|ka~fpgp gbpom{c|{pgc rfpe/*

Pkaka`kp4 G| ckg}| fjmk kykp |hpkk kgp} f{p }|g|k a{}| {}k ojlk~kjlkj| pk!oj|kpyokrkp}* \hk}k pk!

oj|kpyokrkp} gpk jf| ]KG fp cfmgc f~kpg|ojb gbkjm }|gii aka`kp} rfpeojb |f glaojo}|kp fp f~kpg|k |hk AK^ oj

gj mg~gmo| jfp gj f|hkp ~kp}fj} rhf rfpekl fj |hk ojo|ogc kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj} `kojb |k}|kl* \g`ck 9

~pfyolk} }fak glygj|gbk} gjl lo}glygj|gbk} fi loiikpkj| |~k} fi ojlk~kjlkj| pk!oj|kpyokrkp}*





\g`ck 9* Glygj|gbk} gjl Lo}glygj|gbk} fi \~k} fi Ojlk~kjlkj| Pk!oj|kpyokrkp}

]f{pmk fi Pk!oj|kpyokrkp}

Glygj|gbk} Lo}glygj|gbk}

]|g|k OL)P }~kmogco}|}rhf lol jf| mgpp f{|

fpobojgc oj|kpyokr} (k*b*#|hf}k ipfa loiikpkj|

pkbofj} fp }ro|mhkl f{||f loiikpkj| cfmg|ofj}

ro|hoj |hk }gak pkbofj/

† Gcpkgl |pgojkl oj OL)P*† [}{gcc cojb{o}|omgcc gjl m{c|{pgcc mfa~k|kj|*† Jf gllo|ofjgc fykphkgl&hopojb*

† Jf| i{cc ojlk~kjlkj| g} |hk ag ejfr |hk fpobojgc

oj|kpyokrkp fp |hk igaoc*† Ag hgyk mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}|&gj ojyk}|akj| oj

}kkojb g cfrkp lo}mpk~gjm pg|k*† Pk~fp| |f gjl lk~kjlkj| fj |hk }gak }{~kpyo}fp} g}

|hk fpobojgc oj|kpyokrkp*

Oj|kpjgc&}~kmogc OL)P~kp}fj rhf lfk} fjc

afjo|fpojb

† Gcpkgl |pgojkl oj OL)P*† [}{gcc cojb{o}|omgcc gjl m{c|{pgcc mfa~k|kj|*† Aojoaotk} gllo|ofjgc fykphkgl&hopojb*

† Ag jf| `k ikg}o`ck kxmk~| ifp }|g|k} ro|h cgpbkaobpgj| ~f~{cg|ofj}*

† Ag hgyk mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}|&gj ojyk}|akj| oj}kkojb g cfrkp lo}mpk~gjm pg|k*

† Pk~fp| |f gjl lk~kjlkj| fj |hk }gak }{~kpyo}fp} g}|hk fpobojgc oj|kpyokrkp*

]|g|k AK^ }|gii

† Gcpkgl |pgojkl oj OL)P o}}{k}*† Ag `k cojb{o}|omgcc gjl m{c|{pgcc mfa~k|kj|*† Jf gllo|ofjgc fykphkgl&hopojb*

† Kxmkcckj| mfj|pfc fykp lg|g w{gco|*

† Hgyk mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}|&gj ojyk}|akj| oj }kkojb gcfrkp lo}mpk~gjm pg|k*

Pk|opkl OL)P }~kmogco}|}ipfa f{p }|g|k

† Gcpkgl |pgojkl oj OL)P o}}{k}*† Ag `k cojb{o}|omgcc gjl m{c|{pgcc mfa~k|kj|*

† Oi |hk hgyk fjc pkmkj|c pk|opkl# ag }|occ pkaka`kp}fak fi |hk igaocok} ipfa kgpcokp rfpe*


Pk|opkl|kgmhkp}&kl{mg|ofjgc}~kmogco}|} ipfa f{p}|g|k (kx~kpokjmkl ojrfpeojb ro|h aobpgj|

~f~{cg|ofj}/

† Ejfrcklbk fi f{p }|g|k‟} aobpgj| ~f~{cg|ofj* † Jf| |pgojkl oj OL)P o}}{k}*

Pk|opkl AK^ }|gii ipfaf{p }|g|k

† Coekc gcpkgl |pgojkl oj OL)P o}}{k}*

† Ag `k cojb{o}|omgcc gjl m{c|{pgcc mfa~k|kj|*



Ojlk~kjlkj| mfj}{c|gj|}rhf }~kmogcotk oj

aobpgj| o}}{k}

† Ejfrcklbk fi aobpgj| ~f~{cg|ofj*

† Ag `k cojb{o}|omgcc gjl m{c|{pgcc mfa~k|kj|*S

† Coekc |f `k |p{c ojlk~kjlkj| gjl ro|hf{|mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}|*

† Coekc jf| |pgojkl oj OL)P o}}{k}*

OL)P }~kmogco}|} ipfaf|hkp }|g|k}


† Coekc afpk mf}|c |hgj f|hkp bpf{~}*† Ag jf| hgyk ejfrcklbk fi f{p }|g|k‟} ~f~{cg|ofj

gjl gj }|g|k!}~kmoiom OL)P o}}{k}*

[joykp}o|ok} (~pfik}}fp!ckl }|{lkj| bpf{~}/

† Coekc afpk giifplg`ck |hgj mfj}{c|gj|}*


† Coao|kl ~f~{cg|ofj ejfrcklbk gjl cgjb{gbk }eocc}*

† Coao|kl gygocgòco| (ag hgyk |f lf |hk rfpe fj |hkopfrj }mhkl{ck*/

† Ag coao| f{p gmmk}} |f |hk lg|g*† Coekc jf| |pgojkl oj OL)P o}}{k}*

Ojloyol{gc ojlk~kjlkj|mfj}{c|gj|}


† Coekc afpk mf}|c |hgj f|hkp bpf{~}*

† Ag jf| hgyk ejfrcklbk fi f{p }|g|k‟} ~f~{cg|ofjgjl OL)P o}}{k}*

Ojlk~kjlkj| mfj}{c|gj|}fp {joykp}o| bpf{~}

}hgpkl gmpf}} a{c|o~ck}|g|k}*


† Ag `k ck}} mf}|c |hgj f|hkp mfj}{c|ojbgppgjbkakj|}*

† \pgojojb mgj `k ~pfyolkl fjk |oak# coao|ojb ~kp!}|g|k }|gp|{~ mf}|}*

† Jkkl |f mffplojg|k hopojb gjl |oaojb ro|h f|hkp}|g|k}*

† Ag hgyk |oaojb mfjicom|} oi f|hkp }|g|k} hgyk g}oaocgp aobpgj| }mhkl{ck*

† Coekc jf| |pgojkl oj }|g|k!}~kmoiom OL)P o}}{k}*





\pgoj gjl \k}| _f{p Pk!oj|kpyokrkp}

Kykj ifp kx~kpokjmkl pkmp{o|kp}# |pgojojb gjl |k}|ojb gpk oa~fp|gj| ifp f`|gojojb ygcol gjl pkcog`ck pk}{c|}* G

}ga~ck |pgojojb gbkjlg gjl mhkmeco}| gpk ~pfyolkl oj \ffc 8 (~gbk ?>/ oj |hk \ffc} }km|ofj* G| g aojoa{a# oi f{ gpk {}ojb kx~kpokjmkl# |pgojkl pkmp{o|kp} g} pk!oj|kpyokrkp}# |pgojojb }hf{cl mfykp4

= \hk ~{p~f}k fi |hk pk!oj|kpyokr}* (\o~4 [}k |hk ojifpag|ofj mfj}olkpkl fj ~gbk} 7;!72*/= _f{p }ga~cojb g~~pfgmh4

º \hk j{a`kp fi oj|kpyokr} f{p }|g|k jkkl} |f akk| f{p lk}opkl }ga~ck }otk

º Gj ~f~{cg|ofj} fi }~kmogc oj|kpk}| |hg| rkpk {}kl |f }|pg|oi fp }}|kag|otk |hk }ga~cojb

º \hk }ga~cojb co}|} |hg| |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp} rocc {}k

º \hk pk!oj|kpyokr ~pfmk}}# ojmc{lojb4

f Hfr |f g~~c |hk }ga~cojb co}|} gjl ejfr rhomh igaoc |f oj|kpyokr (oi f{ lf jf| boyk |hka g co}|

oj |hk fplkp |hg| igaocok} }hf{cl `k mfj|gm|kl/

f Ag|kpogc} |f hgyk pkgl `kifpk |hk oj|kpyokr

f Hfr |f agek mfj|gm| ro|h |hk }kckm|kl igaoc

f Hfr agj |oak} |f g||ka~| |f mfj|gm| g igaoc

f Rhf o} gj gmmk~|g`ck pk!oj|kpyokr pk}~fjlkj| (Olkgcc |hk ~kp}fj rhf rg} fpobojgcc oj|kpyokrkl#

`{| gjf|hkp ~gpkj|# b{gplogj# mcf}k igaoc aka`kp# fp pffaag|k aobh| `k gmmk~|g ck/

f Rhg| gpk |hk |pglkfii} `k|rkkj cf}ojb g pk}~fj}k ykp}{} mfcckm|ojb ~f}}o`c ck}} gmm{pg|k

ojifpag|ofj

f Hfr |f oj|pfl{mk f{p}kci gjl |hk ~{p~f}k fi |hk pk!oj|kpyokr

f Hfr |f kjmf{pgbk pk}~fj}k (G}}{pk igaocok} |hg| |hk lg|g mfcckm|ofj o} |f lf{`ck!mhkme |hk OL)P

rfpe# jf| `kmg{}k |hkop fpobojgc gj}rkp} gpk `kojb w{k}|ofjkl* Ck| |hka ejfr |hg| |hk rkpk

pgjlfac }kckm|kl* Ck| |hka ejfr hfr oa~fp|gj| |hkop gj}rkp} gpk oj }kpyojb f|hkp aobpgj|} oj |hk

}|g|k* G| |hk }gak |oak# boyk igaocok} gmm{pg|k ojifpag|ofj g`f{| |hk ~f|kj|ogc f{|mfak} fi |hk pk!

oj|kpyokr*/

f Hfr |f ifccfr |hk pk!oj|kpyokr ~pfmk}}# {|ocotojb \ffc 7> –Pk!oj|kpyokr ^pfmk}} F`}kpyg|ofj Ifpa‑

f Hfr# rhkpk# gjl rhkj |f pk|{pj pk!oj|kpyokr ifpa}

f Rhg| |f lf oi igaocok} gpk jf| hfak

f Rhg| |f lf oi igaocok} hgyk afykl

f Hfr |f lfm{akj| g||ka~|} gjl |pgme pk}~fj}k pg|k}

f Hfr |f g}e f~kj!kjlkl w{k}|ofj}

f Hfr |f gyfol ckglojb w{k}|ofj}

f Oj |hk kykj| fi gj kakpbkjm# rhf |f mfj|gm| gjl hfr |f lf o|

Oi gj kx|kpjgc# ojlk~kjlkj| pk!oj|kpyokrkp o} {}kl# |hk ifccfrojb ~foj|} rocc gc}f jkkl |f `k gllpk}}kl oj f{p pk!

oj|kpyokrkp |pgojojb4

= \hk mpo|kpog |hg| jkkl |f `k ak| ifp g mhocl |f `k kcobo`ck* (]kk ~gbk =7/

= Gj o}}{k} fp }~kmogc mopm{a}|gjmk} }~kmoiom |f f{p }|g|k |hg| agek kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj} loiiom{c| (k*b*#

}{`}o}|kjmk io}hojb oj Gcg}eg# |pkjl} oj ygmg|ofj afyk} oj f{p }|g|k/*

= Hfr |f agek kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj}*




\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! =?^pf}~km|oyk

Pk!oj|kpyokrkp \k}|ojb

]kykpgc f~|ofj} gpk gygocg`ck ifp |k}|ojb pk!oj|kpyokrkp} |f kj}{pk lg|g w{gco|* \ho} ~pfmk}} ck|} f{ ejfr

rhk|hkp f{p |pgojojb rfpekl gjl rhk|hkp oj|kpyokrkp} gpk ifccfrojb |hk ~pf|fmfc}* Mfj}olkp lfojb fjk fp afpk

fi |hk ifccfrojb# lk~kjlojb fj |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp}‟ ckykc fi kx~kpokjmk4

= F`}kpyk |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp} lfojb pfck!~cg kxkpmo}k} l{pojb |pgojojb5

= Hgyk kgmh pk!oj|kpyokrkp rgce |hpf{bh |hk ~pf|fmfc ro|h g |pgojkp5

= Lkykcf~ g }hfp| w{ot fj |hk ek ~foj|} fi f{p pk!oj|kpyokr ~pf|fmfc5

= F`}kpyk |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp mgppojb f{| |hk ~pf|fmfc fj –~pgm|omk‑ igaocok} (ag`k igaocok} rhf hgyk

bpgl{g|kl |hk ~pfbpga fp rhf f{ ejfr gpk roccojb |f hkc~/5 gjl

= F`}kpyk |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp mgppojb f{| fjk fi |hkop iop}| oj|kpyokr}* Oi |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp lkyog|k}

}{`}|gj|ogcc ipfa |hk ~pf|fmfc gjl g}e} ckglojb w{k}|ofj} fp w{k}|ofj} |hg| mfj|gaojg|k |hk oj|kpyokr# |ho}

igaoc ag `k cf}| ipfa |hk }ga~ck*

Pkbgplck}} fi |hk |~k} fi |k}|ojb mhf}kj# boyk kgmh pk!oj|kpyokrkp ikkl`gme fj rhg| hk fp }hk lol rkccgjl rhkpk mhgjbk} gpk jkklkl*



]km|ofj OOO4 ^pf}~km|oyk Pk!Oj|kpyokr} ! Agjgbk _f{p Lg|g Mfcckm|ofj

\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! <>^pf}~km|oyk

Agjgbk _f{p Lg|g Mfcckm|ofj

\ho} }km|ofj lk}mpo`k} hfr |f |pgme f{p lg|g mfcckm|ofj# afjo|fp f{p pk}~fj}k pg|k# gjl kj}{pk |hg| lg|g fjc

ipfa igaocok} oj |hk }ga~ck gpk mfcckm|kl* O| gc}f lo}m{}}k} rg} |f kj}{pk |hg| f{p kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj} gpk

gmm{pg|k gjl ykpoiog`ck*

\hk ifccfrojb rocc hkc~ f{ bk| }|gp|kl4

= Pkyokr |hk }|gjlgpl} |hg| g~~c |f f`|gojojb lg|g ipfa igaocok} gjl ageojb kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj}5

= Lfm{akj| gjl agjgbk f{p }|g|k‟} lg|g mfcckm|ofj5 gjl

= Mfa~ck|k# lfm{akj|# gjl lf{`ck!mhkme f{p }|g|k‟} kcoboòco| pk!lk|kpaojg|ofj}*

\f agjgbk f{p }|g|k‟} lg|g mfcckm|ofj rkcc# `kmfak igaocogp ro|h |hk }|gjlgpl ~pgm|omk} ifp f`|gojojb lg|g ipfa

igaocok} gjl ageojb kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj}* \g`ck 2 co}|} |hk }|gjlgpl} |hg| g~~c*

\g`ck 2* Mpo|kpog gjl ]|gjlgpl} ifp Lg|g Mfcckm|ofj gjl Ageojb Kcoboòco| Lk|kpaojg|ofj}


Oj|kpyokrkk} ag|mh |hk }ga~cojbco}|4 Jf {jg{|hfpotkl

pk~cgmkakj|}*

\hk }|g|k pk!oj|kpyokr} fjc |hk igaocok} fi mhoclpkj fj |hk fpobojgc fp g{|hfpotkl pk~cgmkakj|}ga~cojb co}|}*

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gjl

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}|gp|kl4

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w{gcoiojb rfpe6/5 gjl

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gjl lo}mpk~gjmok}*

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= Gj ~g||kpj} fp o}}{k} |hg| hgyk mfak {~ oj |hk kppfp} gjl lo}mpk~gjmok} if{jl |f lg|k5

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†

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@pobh| Olkg




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@pobh| Olkg





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@pobh| Olkg





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@pobh| Olkg



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lo}|pom|/*

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agjjkp*

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= Pkyokr f{p }|g|k‟} OL)P agj{gc5

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mfjlo|ofj}5 gjl

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Oj|kpyokr Ifpa Oj|pfl{m|ofj

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Jf

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f{ bk| }|gp|kl4

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gj}rkp} gpk mckgp/6 _k} Jf

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~f~{cg|ofj*

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pkb{cgpc*

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gpk mckgp*

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afykl6‑

f

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Pkg}fj} ifp mhgjbk} oj kcoboòco| }|g|{} gpkejfrj*

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mgj mf~ oj|f Kxmkc*

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Agek# Lfm{akj|# gjl Lf{`ck!mhkme _f{p Kcoboòco| Pk!lk|kpaojg|ofj}

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lk|kpaojg|ofj*

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http://www.nss.gov.au/nss/home.NSF/pages/Sample+Size+Calculator+Description?OpenDocument

http://www.nss.gov.au/nss/home.NSF/pages/Sample+Size+Calculator+Description?OpenDocument



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]f{pmk} fi }ga~cojb lg|g* Lk}mpo`k |hk lg|g }f{pmk f{ rocc {}k g} f{p }ga~cojb {joykp}k co}|* Lk}mpo`k o|}

pkcg|ofj |f |hk }ga~cojb {joykp}k*

\hk }ga~cojb {joykp}k co}| rocc mfj}o}| fi |hk co}| fi mhoclpkj oj |hk Jkr Bkjkpg|ofj ]}|ka (JB]/ lg|g`g}k*

\ho} co}| o} {}kl oj |ho} kgp‟} |f|gc mhocl mf{j|# rhomh ojmc{lk} mhoclpkj ipfa gbk} = |hpf{bh 07 rhf rkpk

kcobo`ck |f pkmkoyk AK^ }kpyomk} l{pojb |hk pkb{cgp }mhffc kgp gjl&fp }{aakp }k}}ofj*



]km|ofj Y4 \ffc} ! 9* ]ga~cojb ^cgj


]ga~cojb lk}obj ojmc{lojb pgjlfa mfa~fjkj|* Lk}mpo`k |hk }ga~cojb lk}obj# hfr pgjlfa }kckm|ofj o}

ojyfcykl# gjl rh f{ }kckm|kl |ho} ~gp|om{cgp }ga~cojb lk}obj*

\hk }ga~cojb lk}obj o} g }|p{m|{pkl# pgjlfa }ga~ck {}ojb g }fp|kl co}|* @kmg{}k f{p }|g|k o} `f|h g }kjlojb gjl

pkmkoyojb }|g|k# ro|h aobpgj| mhoclpkj kjpfccojb |hpf{bhf{| |hk kgp# rk rocc }fp| |hk co}| ` afj|h gjl `

bkfbpg~h* ]ojmk kykp mhocl‟} kcoboòco| o} pkyokrkl kgmh kgp# |ho} rocc akgj |hg| af}| fi |hk oj|kpyokr} rocc

`k lfjk oj |hk igcc gjl g| |hk `kbojjojb fi |hk }{aakp }k}}ofj* \ho} }mhkl{ck mfppk}~fjl} rkcc ro|h f{p }|g|k‟}aobpgj| ~f~{cg|ofj# rhomh ~kge} ipfa D{c |f Fm|f`kp*

Hfr |hk }ga~cojb rocc `k mgppokl f{|* Lk}mpo`k |hk }|k~} |gekj |f lpgr |hk }ga~ck*

Kgmh afj|h# rk rocc f`|goj ipfa |hk JB] lg|g`g}k |hk co}| fi mhoclpkj gbk} = |hpf{bh 07 rhf hgyk kjpfcckl oj

|hk AK^ oj |hk ~pkyof{} afj|h* Rk rocc }fp| |hk co}| ` mf{j| gjl pgjlfac ` mhocl ro|hoj |hk mf{j|* Ipfa g

pgjlfa }|gp|ojb ~cgmk# k*b*# kykp =>|h mhocl fj |hk co}| rocc `k }kckm|kl gjl pk!oj|kpyokrkl oj ~kp}fj ` cfmgcoj|kpyokrkp}* G pgjlfa }|gp|ojb ~cgmk rocc `k }kckm|kl ifp |hk ]k~|ka`kp }ga~ck# gjl kykp afj|h |hkpkgi|kp |hk

}ga~ck rocc mfj|oj{k g} o| cki| fii oj |hk ~pkyof{} afj|h* Ifp kxga~ck# oi |hk p{ck o} lpgr kykp =>|h mhocl gjl 0=

mhoclpkj rkpk fj |hk co}| g| |hk kjl fi |hk ~pkyof{} afj|h# |hk ifccfrojb afj|h rocc }|gp| ro|h mhocl 2 fj |hk co}|*

Ak|hfl fi pk~cgmkakj| }ga~cojb* Lk}mpo`k hfr f{ rocc pk~cgmk aka`kp} fi |hk fpobojgc }ga~ck oi f{

mgjjf| cfmg|k |hka*A{c|o~ck }ga~ck} rocc `k lpgrj {}ojb |hk }gak ak|hfl* \hg| o}# rk rocc {}k a{c|o~ck# pgjlfa }|gp|ojb ~cgmk} |f

}kckm| mhoclpkj g| |hk }gak oj|kpygc} fj |hk co}|* \hkpk rocc `k if{p co}|}4 |hk agoj co}| g} rkcc g} pk~cgmkakj| co}|}

G# @# gjl M* Oi |hk mhocl fj |hk agoj co}| mgjjf| `k if{jl gi|kp }kykj g||ka~|}# |hk mfppk}~fjlojb mhoclpkj fj |hk

pk~cgmkakj| co}|} G# @# gjl M rocc pkmkoyk |hpkk mfj|gm| g||ka~|} {j|oc g }{mmk}}i{c oj|kpyokr o} mfa~ck|kl* Ifp

kxga~ck# oi |hk 7>2|h mhocl fj |hk agoj co}| mgjjf| `k if{jl# |hk 7>2|h mhocl fj co}| G rocc `k mfj|gm|kl*

]ga~ck }otk mgcm{cg|ofj}* Lk}mpo`k hfr f{ mgcm{cg|kl |hk }ga~ck }otk*

F{p ~pkyof{} lkikm| pg|k rg} ; ~kpmkj|* Gllojb ; ~kpmkj| |f |hg|# |hk }ga~ck }otk ifp g pg|k fi 7> ~kpmkj| oj g

~f~{cg|ofj fi ;#>>> o} 7=; mhoclpkj ifp g ?; ~kpmkj| mfjiolkjmk oj|kpygc fi %&! ; ~kpmkj|* @kmg{}k rk gpk {}ojb

a{c|o~ck co}|} |f }kckm| pk~cgmkakj|} gjl gpk jf| fykp }ga~cojb# f{p iojgc }ga~ck }otk o} 7=;*

Gllpk}} gj ejfrj }ga~cojb òg}* Oi |hkpk o} gj }ga~cojb òg}# lk}mpo`k o|* Fp lk}mpo`k rh f{ `kcokyk

|hkpk o} jf }ga~cojb òg}*



]km|ofj Y4 \ffc} ! 2* ]|k~} |f Pkl{mk Jfj!Pk}~fj}k

\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! 8?\ffc}

\FFC 24 ]\K^] \F PKL[MK JFJ!PK]^FJ]K

\hk }|k~} fj |ho} co}| rocc hkc~ f{ mfj}olkp }|pg|kbok} ifp f`|gojojb g bffl pk}~fj}k

pg|k ipfa f{p igaocok}* G bffl pk}~fj}k o} mp{mogc ifp gj gmm{pg|k lo}mpk~gjm&lkikm|

pg|k gjl {}ki{c lg|g* Olkgcc# 2; ~kpmkj| fp afpk fi f{p igaocok} }hf{cl pk}~fjl*

]|gp| ro|h bffl ojifpag|ofj4 Mhkme |hg| |hk mhocl co}| {}kl ifp f{p }ga~ck o} g} mfa~ck|k gjl {~lg|kl

g} ~f}}o`ck*

Ykpoi |hg| mfj|gm| ojifpag|ofj o} {~ |f lg|k4 Rhkpk ojifpag|ofj o} w{k}|ofjg`ck fp ao}}ojb# mfj}olkp

mfj|gm|ojb cfmgc lo}|pom| ~kp}fjjkc |f f`|goj mfppkm| ojifpag|ofj*

Kj}{pk |hg| f{p pk!oj|kpyokrkp} }~kge |hk cgjb{gbk gjl gpk igaocogp ro|h |hk m{c|{pk fi f{p igaocok}*

^kpifpa f{p pk!oj|kpyokr} g} }ffj g} ~f}}o`ck gi|kp |hk ojo|ogc oj|kpyokr*

Rhkj ~f}}o`ck# |kcc igaocok} g| |hk ojo|ogc oj|kpyokr |hg| |hk ag `k }kckm|kl ifp pk!oj|kpyokr} gjl

rhkj |hk pk!oj|kpyokr} gpk coekc |f hg~~kj*

Ck| f{p pk!oj|kpyokrkp} ejfr |hk j{a`kp fi |oak} |hk }hf{cl g||ka~| |f mfj|gm| kgmh igaoc*

Kj}{pk |hg| kgmh pk!oj|kpyokrkp pkmfpl} kgmh g||ka~| |f mfj|gm| g igaoc gjl o|} f{|mfak* (Lf{`ck!

mhkme |hg| kgmh igaoc ko|hkp hg} `kkj pk!oj|kpyokrkl fp hg} pkmkoykl |hk pkmfaakjlkl j{a`kp fi

mfj|gm| g||ka~|}*/

G||ka~| |f mfj|gm| igaocok} fj lg} gjl |oak} |hg| |hk gpk coekc |f `k g| hfak*

G||ka~| |f mfj|gm| hgpl!|f!cfmg|k igaocok} g| loiikpkj| |oak} fi |hk lg gjl fj loiikpkj| lg}*

Mfj}olkp hgyojb g cfmgc cogo}fj oj kgmh lo}|pom| rhf mgj igmoco|g|k mfj|gm|} ro|h |hk igaoc* (\ho} ~kp}fj

}hf{cl `k }fakfjk rhf ejfr} |hk igaoc gjl mgj yf{mh ifp f{p oj|kpyokrkp}* Hk fp }hk mgj oj|pfl{mk

f{p pk!oj|kpyokrkp}# `{| |hk ~kp}fj }hf{cl jf| `k ~pk}kj| l{pojb |hk pk!oj|kpyokr*/

Ifp igaocok} rhf hgyk afykl# mfj}olkp rhk|hkp |hk mgj `k cfmg|kl ` ~hfjk g| |hkop jkr gllpk}}*

Ifp igaocok} rhf mgjjf| `k if{jl# lk|kpaojk rhk|hkp }kmfjlgp }f{pmk} (ojlk~kjlkj| fi |hk }mhffc

}}|ka/ }{mh g} jkobh`fp}# pffaag|k}# cgjlcfpl}# fp ka~cfkp} mgj ~pfyolk ko|hkp |hk ojifpag|ofj f{

jkkl fp mfj|gm| ojifpag|ofj ifp |hk igaoc*



]km|ofj Y4 \ffc} ! 8* \pgojojb B{olk

\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! ?>\ffc}

\FFC 84 \PGOJOJB B[OLK

_f{ }hf{cl ~{| |oak gjl |hf{bh| oj|f f{p pkmp{o|akj| gjl |pgojojb fi pk!

oj|kpyokrkp}* Pk!oj|kpyokrkp} jkkl |f ifm{} fj mfcckm|ojb |hk af}| mfa~ck|k# igop# gjl

gmm{pg|k ojifpag|ofj ~f}}o`ck# boykj |oak gjl oj}|p{akj|g|ofj mfj}|pgoj|}* \hk gm| g}

f{p ipfj|cojk gjl mgj ojic{kjmk |hk ojifpag|ofj |hg| f{ bg|hkp*

Bkjkpgc Ojifpag|ofj

Lg|k fi \pgojojb4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV \oak4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV cgmk4 VVVVVVVVVV

\pgojkp4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV \f|gc ^gp|omo~gj|} -4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVV

Ag|kpogc}&]{~~cok} Jkklkl4

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

]ga~ck Gbkjlg

0> aoj{|k} Rkcmfak ) Mhkme!Oj (oj|pfl{m|ofj}# g||kjlgjmk# hf{}kekk~ojb# omk`pkgekp}/

7; aoj{|k} [jlkp}|gjlojb F{p ^{p~f}k ifp Pk!oj|kpyokrojb

9> aoj{|k} Fykpyokr fi Aobpgj| Kl{mg|ofj oj f{p ]|g|k gjl Kcoboòco| Mpo|kpog

(7;!aoj{|k pkge/

=> aoj{|k} ]ga~cojb G~~pfgmh

9> aoj{|k} Pk!oj|kpyokr ^pf|fmfc

(<;!aoj{|k `pkge ifp c{jmh/

9> aoj{|k} ^pgm|omk gjl F`}kpyg|ofj

=> aoj{|k} W{k}|ofj}&Mfjmkpj}

7> aoj{|k} Mcf}ojb

[jlkp}|gjlojb F{p ^{p~f}k ifp Pk!oj|kpyokrojb

7* \f ojmpkg}k {jlkp}|gjlojb fi f{p }|g|k‟} ~{p~f}k ifp pk!oj|kpyokrojb*

0* \f ojmpkg}k ejfrcklbk g`f{| |hk mpo|kpog ifp kcoboòco|“ojmc{lojb }~kmoiom o}}{k} ifp f{p }|g|k*

=* \f ojmpkg}k ejfrcklbk g`f{| |hk }ga~cojb g~~pfgmh# ~gp|om{cgpc oj pkcg|ofj |f |hk }ga~cojb co}|}*

<* \f ojmpkg}k |hk gòco| |f oa~ckakj| kiikm|oyk gjl kiiomokj| pk!oj|kpyokr} ifccfrojb g~~pf~pog|k pk!

oj|kpyokr ~pf|fmfc}*




\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! ?7\ffc}

Fykpyokr fi Aobpgj| Kl{mg|ofj oj f{p ]|g|k

@gmebpf{jl Ojifpag|ofj

Pk!oj|kpyokrojb gccfr} f{ |f kj}{pk |hg| f{p kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj} gjl |hk j{a`kp} f{ pk~fp| gpk

gmm{pg|k* O| gc}f hkc~} f{ olkj|oi gjl iox gj ~pf`cka} oj f{p OL)P ~pfmk}} gjl k}|g`co}h glo}mpk~gjm&lkikm| pg|k ifp afjo|fpojb gjl i{jlojb ~{p~f}k}*

_f{p ~{p~f}k }|g|kakj| ({}k ojifpag|ofj f{ mfj}olkpkl oj |hk Pk!oj|kpyokr ^{p~f}k }km|ofj fi |ho}

b{olk/4

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV


]{bbk}|kl \pgojojb Aflgco|ok}

= Ckgl g lo}m{}}ofj gjl pkyokr fi `gmebpf{jl ojifpag|ofj* Ojyo|k ~gp|omo~gj|} |f }hgpk rhg| |hk |hoje g`f{|

|hk ~{p~f}k fi |hk pk!oj|kpyokrojb gjl hfr o| aobh| hkc~ |hk }|g|k*= Ojmc{lk f{p ~{p~f}k }|g|kakj| fj ojifpag|ofj }hkk|} fp |pgojojb ag|kpogc} g} g mfj|oj{gc pkaojlkp*

Kcoboòco| Mpo|kpog


\hk mhkmeco}| `kcfr ojmc{lk} |hk aojoa{a ojifpag|ofj f{ }hf{cl OJLK^KJLKJ\C_ g}}k}}* ^pfyolk g `poki

fykpyokr fi f{p }|g|k‟} Aobpgj| Kl{mg|ofj pfbpga* Gc}f ojmc{lk gj }|g|k!}~kmoiom o}}{k}&}~kmogc

mopm{a}|gjmk} |hg| agek kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj} loiiom{c| (k*b*# }{`}o}|kjmk io}hojb oj Gcg}eg# |pkjl} ojygmg|ofj afyk} oj f{p }|g|k/*

Fykpyokr fi ]|g|k Aobpgj| Kl{mg|ofj pfbpga

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV


]|g|k!]~kmoiom Mfjmkpj}



Kcoboòco| Mhkmeco}|

\hk olkj|o| fi |hk mhocl (k*b*# |hk }gak mhocl |hg| rg} ~pkyof{}c lk|kpaojkl kcobo`ck/*

\hk mhocl rg} f{jbkp |hgj 00 g| |hk |oak fi |hk afyk*

\hk mhocl rg} kcobo`ck ifp g ipkk ~{`com kl{mg|ofj {jlkp ]|g|k cgr g| |hk |oak fi |hk afyk*

\hk mhocl afykl fj ho} fp hkp frj g} g aobpg|fp gbpom{c|{pgc rfpekp&aobpg|fp io}hkp FP |hk mhocl afykl

ro|h fp |f dfoj&~pkmklk g ~gpkj|# }~f{}k# b{gplogj rhf o} g aobpg|fp gbpom{c|{pgc rfpekp&aobpg|fp io}hkp*

\hk afyk rg} ipfa fjk }mhffc lo}|pom| |f gjf|hkp*

\hk afyk rg} g mhgjbk ipfa fjk pk}olkjmk |f gjf|hkp pk}olkjmk*




\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! ?0\ffc}

\hk afyk rg} l{k |f kmfjfaom jkmk}}o|*

\hk afyk fmm{ppkl jf afpk |hgj =9 afj|h} `kifpk |hk lg|k |hk igaoc rg} pkmp{o|kl*

Fjk ~{p~f}k fi |hk rfpekp‟} afyk rg} |f }kke fp f`|goj w{gcoiojb rfpe (mhkme g# `# fp m/4

g* |hk rfpekp afykl |f f`|goj w{gcoiojb rfpe# gjl f`|gojkl w{gcoiojb rfpe# FP

`* |hk rfpekp afykl |f f`|goj gj rfpe# gjl f`|gojkl w{gcoiojb rfpe }ffj gi|kp |hk afyk# FP

m* |hk rfpekp afykl ifp w{gcoiojb rfpe }~kmoiomgcc# {| lol jf| f`|goj |hk rfpe* Oi |hk rfpekp lol

jf| f`|goj |hk w{gcoiojb rfpe (mhkme o fp oo*/

o* \hk rfpekp hg} g ~pofp ho}|fp fi afyk} |f f`|goj w{gcoiojb rfpe# FP

oo* \hkpk o} f|hkp mpklo`ck kyolkjmk |hg| |hk rfpekp gm|oykc }f{bh| w{gcoiojb rfpe }ffj

gi|kp |hk afyk*

\hk rfpe }f{bh| fp f`|gojkl rg} |ka~fpgp fp }kg}fjgc ka~cfakj|*

\hk rfpe }f{bh| fp f`|gojkl rg} gbpom{c|{pgc fp io}hojb*

Gcc jgak}# lg|k}# cfmg|ofj}# mfaakj|}# k|m*# ipfa |hk MFK*


= Ckgl g lo}m{}}ofj gjl pkyokr fi `gmebpf{jl ojifpag|ofj* G}e ~gp|omo~gj|} rhg| |hk |hoje aobh| `k {jow{k

mfjmkpj} ifp f{p }|g|k‟} aobpgj| ~f~{cg|ofj*

= Oj }agcc bpf{~}# ~pfyolk mg}k kxga~ck} gjl g mhkmeco}| ifp ~pgm|omojb |hk kcoboòco| mhkmeco}|*

]ga~cojb G~~pfgmh


Olkj|oiojb gjl lpgrojb g }ga~ck |hf{bh|i{cc rocc kj}{pk |hg| o| rocc akk| f{p ojifpag|ofj jkkl}* \hk |~k fi

ojifpag|ofj f{ jkkl |f ejfr# |hk |~k fi }ga~cojb lk}obj f{ mhff}k# gjl |hk loiiom{c|ok} f{ gj|omo~g|k oj

bk||ojb g pk}~fj}k rocc giikm| |hk }otk fi |hk }ga~ck f{ jkkl*

Pkikp |f ojifpag|ofj f{ mfj}olkpkl oj |hk Olkj|oi |hk ^{p~f}k# \oaojb# gjl ^pkyof{} Kx~kpokjmk} fi _f{p pf}~km|oyk Pk!oj|kpyokrojb }km|ofj fi |ho} b{olk*

]ga~cojb g~~pfgmh4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

J{a`kp fi oj|kpyokr} jkklkl ifp }ga~ck }otk4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

^f~{cg|ofj} fi }~kmogc oj|kpk}|4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV


= Ckgl g lo}m{}}ofj gjl pkyokr fi `gmebpf{jl ojifpag|ofj* Lo}m{}} mhfomk} g`f{| gj ~f~{cg|ofj} fi }~kmogc

oj|kpk}| fp lkmo}ofj} |hg| f{ {}kl |f }|pg|oi&}}|kag|otk f{p }ga~cojb*

= ^pfyolk }ga~cojb co}|} |hg| |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp} rocc `k {}ojb*

Pk!Oj|kpyokr ^pf|fmfc


O| o} oa~fp|gj| |hg| |hk pk!oj|kpyokrkp ifm{} fj mfcckm|ojb |hk af}| mfa~ck|k# igop# gjl gmm{pg|k ojifpag|ofj

~f}}o`ck# boykj |oak gjl oj}|p{akj|g|ofj mfj}|pgoj|}* [}ojb ojlk~kjlkj| pk!oj|kpyokrkp} rhf hgyk jf ejfrj

mfjicom|} fi oj|kpk}| kj}{pk} |ho} pk}{c|* (]kk ~gbk 99 ifp afpk ojifpag|ofj*/




\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! ?=\ffc}

Gj}rkp |hk}k w{k}|ofj} gjl pkikp |f |hk ojifpag|ofj f{ mfj}olkpkl oj |hk Lkykcf~ _f{p Pk!Oj|kpyokr

Ifpa }km|ofj (~gbk => ifp ~pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokr} fp ~gbk 97 ifp pk|pf}~km|oyk pk!oj|kpyokr}/ |f

k}|g`co}h f{p pk!oj|kpyokr ~pf|fmfc}*

]ga~cojb co}| g~~comg|ofj (Lf f{ ~pfyolk g co}| oj |hk fplkp |hg| igaocok} }hf{cl `k mfj|gm|kl6 Fp lf f{ ifccfr}fak f|hkp ~pfmk}}6/

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

Ag|kpogc} jkklkl `kifpk |hk oj|kpyokr4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

]gik| mfjmkpj}4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV



Kakpbkjm mfj|gm| (jgak&j{a`kp/4VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

Hfr |f mfj|gm| }kckm|kl igaocok}4 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

J{a`kp fi g||ka~|} |f mfj|gm|4 VVVVVVVVVVV

Gmmk~|g`ck pk!oj|kpyokr pk}~fjlkj|}4


Kxga~ck4 Olkgcc# f{ }hf{cl |gce |f |hk ~kp}fj rhf rg} fpobojgcc oj|kpyokrkl* Oi |hg| ~kp}fj o} {jgygocg`ck# o}

gjf|hkp ~gpkj|# b{gplogj# mcf}k igaoc aka`kp# fp pffaag|k gmmk~|g`ck6 @k }{pk |f mfj}olkp |hk |pglkfii}

`k|rkkj cf}ojb g pk}~fj}k gjl mfcckm|ojb ~f}}o`c ck}} gmm{pg|k ojifpag|ofj*

^pfmkl{pk |f lfm{akj| g||ka~|} gjl |pgme pk}~fj}k pg|k}4



^pfmkl{pk oi igaoc o} jf| hfak4



^pfmkl{pk oi igaoc hg} afykl4



Pk!oj|kpyokr oj|pfl{m|ofj }ga~ck (ojmc{lk f{p ~{p~f}k'/4



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oj|kpyokrkl* Hk fp }hk rocc kx~cgoj |hk ~{p~f}k fi |hk yo}o| gjl |hkj kxm{}k hoa fp hkp}kci |f agek g ~hfjk mgcc#

ifccfr {~ ro|h g igaoc lfrj |hk }|pkk|# k|m*




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W{gco| Mfj|pfc ” G} o| pkcg|k} |f OL)P }}|ka}# w{gco| mfj|pfc o} |hk ~pfmk}} fi kj}{pojb |hk ~pf~kp

olkj|oiomg|ofj gjl pkmp{o|akj| fi kcobo`ck aobpg|fp mhoclpkj*

Pkmp{o|akj| ” \hk ~pfmk}} fi ageojb mfj|gm| ro|h aobpgj| igaocok}# kx~cgojojb |hk AK^ |f |hka#f`|gojojb |hk jkmk}}gp ojifpag|ofj |f agek g lk|kpaojg|ofj |hg| |hk mhocl o} kcobo`ck ifp |hk

AK^# gjl pkmfplojb |hk `g}o} fi |hk mhocl‟} kcoboòco| fj |hk MFK*



G~~kjlox G4 Bcf}}gp

\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! 77>Bcf}}gp

Pk!oj|kpyokr ” \hk ~pfmk}} fi mhkmeojb |hk kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj} pkmfplkl fj g ]|g|k‟} MFK}* O|ojyfcyk} mfjl{m|ojb g }kmfjl oj|kpyokr ro|h igaocok} |f mhkme kgmh mpo|kpofj |hg| agek}

mhoclpkj kcobo`ck ifp |hk AK^*

]mhffc Lo}|pom| @f{jlgpok} ” Gj glaojo}|pg|oyk `f{jlgp k}|g`co}hkl ojlk~kjlkj|c ` kgmh }|g|k‟}

Lk~gp|akj| fi Kl{mg|ofj |hg| agpe} |hk gpkg g }mhffc lo}|pom| }kpyk}*]KG ” (]|g|k Kl{mg|ofj Gbkjm/ \hk lk}objg|kl gbkjm {c|oag|kc pk}~fj}o`ck ifp |hk glaojo}|pg|ofj

gjl f~kpg|ofj fi |hk AK^# ojmc{lojb |hk olkj|oiomg|ofj ) pkmp{o|akj| fi aobpgj| mhoclpkj*

]kg}fjgc Ka~cfakj| ” Ka~cfakj| |hg| fmm{p} fjc l{pojb g mkp|goj ~kpofl fi |hk kgp `kmg{}k fi

|hk mmck} fi jg|{pk gjl |hg|# ` o|} jg|{pk# ag jf| `k mfj|oj{f{} fp mgppokl fj |hpf{bhf{| |hk

kgp*

]kke ” Rhkj gbpom{c|{pgc fp io}hojb rfpe o}&rg} gm|oykc ~{p}{kl# `{| hg} jf| k| `kkj fp rg} jf|f`|gojkl*

‘\f Dfoj‟ Afyk} ” G mhocl rhf o} jf| g aobpg|fp gbpom{c|{pgc rfpekp fp aobpg|fp io}hkp w{gcoiok} ifp

|hk AK^ oi |hk mhocl gmmfa~gjok} fp –dfoj}‑ g ~gpkj|# }~f{}k# fp b{gplogj rhf o} g aobpg|fp

gbpom{c|{pgc rfpekp fp aobpg|fp io}hkp rhf afyk} oj fplkp |f f`|goj w{gcoiojb rfpe* Oj |hkmg}k fi –|f dfoj‑ afyk}# |hk mhocl‟} afyk ag ko|hkp ~pkmklk fp ifccfr |hk rfpekp‟} afyk*

\hk WGL o} |hk lg|k |hg| |hk mhocl gjl rfpekp mfa~ck|k |hk afyk |f `k |fbk|hkp* Oi |hk mhocl‟}

afyk ~pkmklk} |hk rfpekp‟} afyk# |hk w{gcoiojb gppoygc lg|k o} |hk lg|k |hk rfpekp gppoykl* Oi |hk mhocl‟} afyk ifccfrkl |hk rfpekp‟} afyk# |hk w{gcoiojb gppoygc lg|k o} |hk lg|k |hk mhocl

gppoykl*

\ka~fpgp Ka~cfakj| ” Ka~cfakj| |hg| cg}|} ifp g coao|kl ~kpofl fi |oak# {}{gcc g ikr afj|h}#

`{| jf cfjbkp |hgj 70 afj|h}*

Ygcolg|ofj ” \hk ~pfmk}} fi g{|hkj|omg|ojb |hk kcoboòco| lk|kpaojg|ofj fj g MFK* Gi|kp ygcolg|ofj#|hk MFK ojifpag|ofj rocc `k ojmc{lkl oj |hk }|g|k‟} mhocl mf{j|*

Ykpoiomg|ofj ” \hk ~pfmk}} fi mfjiopaojb fp }{~~fp|ojb rhg| o} lfm{akj|kl fj |hk MFK*

Ro|h ” Mhoclpkj gjl&fp f{|h afyk –ro|h‑ g ~gpkj|# }~f{}k# fp b{gplogj rhkj |hk mhocl gjl&fp f{|h

gjl |hk rfpekp afyk |fbk|hkp gjl g| |hk }gak |oak*

¿Glg~|kl ipfa lfm{akj|} lkykcf~kl ` |hk –Mfj}fp|o{a ifp W{gco| gjl Mfj}o}|kjm oj Olkj|oiomg|ofj gjl Pkmp{o|akj|

(MFJWOP/‑*





G~~kjlox @4 P{ck} gjl Pkb{cg|ofj}

\kmhjomgc G}}o}|gjmk B{olk fj Pk!Oj|kpyokrojb ! 770P{ck} ) Pkb{cg|ofj}



G~~kjlox @4 P{ck} gjl Pkb{cg|ofj}

Documents

Technical Assistance Guide on Re-interviewing (2010) U.S. Dept. of Education- Office of Migrant Education