Technaluflakes e Ta

7/29/2019 Technaluflakes e Ta

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ALUMINIUMPOWDER AND ALUMINIUM PASTES

FOR BUILDING MATERIALS AND PYROTECHNICS

Aluminiumpulver & -pasten fr Baustoffe und Pyrotechnik


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ECKART 2

Contents

STANDART

STAPA

3

4 5

6 7

8 9

10 11

12

14

15 16

17 18

Introduction

STANDART Aluminium powder RO

STAPA Hydropor pastes

Retarded STAPA Hydropor pastes

STAPA Alupor pastes

Retarded STAPA Alupor pastes

STAPA Alupor Poral pastes

Aluminium contained in nonautoclaved construction materials

STANDART Pyro aluminium powder


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They can be divided into three product categories:

STANDART

Aluminium powdersSTAPA Hydropor pastesSTAPA Alupor pastes

The properties of the aluminium flakes vary according to theparticle size and the type and the level of inhibitor used. A rangeof products is offered to achieve optimum results under variousproduction methods.

For several decades, laminar aluminium flakes have been playing

a major part in the construction industry, in addition to otherapplications such as paints, plastics and printing inks.

These so-called technical aluminium flakes are widely used inthe manufacture of lightweight concrete. In this context, theyhave the function of generating gas which gives the lightweightconcrete its characteristic properties.

Since the mid-90s, the lightweight concrete industry has shown atendency towards increasingly lower densities of the raw materialin the individual strength categories. This trend and the continuousdevelopment of processes as well as different methods ofmanufacturing lightweight concrete have led to the developmentof a wide range of blowing agents. All products are made from

pure aluminium (99.5%).

Introduction

Lightweight Concrete Powders / Pastes


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Laser granulometryThe determination of the distribution of particle size using lasergranulometry only gives relative values as this method is moresuitable for sphere-shaped particles than platelet-shaped particles.The indicated values are suitable for specification to a limitedextent only.

Active metal contentThe active metal content indicates which portion of the flakes ispure metal. This is used to determine the quantity of aluminiumflakes required to develop Hydrogen in the blowing process.

Surface determinationTo measure the surface, the Blaine-apparatus standardisedaccording to DIN 66127 has been used. A sample is compactedto a pre-determined porosity through which a gas, usually air, ispassed. The flow resistance serves to calculate the surface sizeaccording to the Carman-Kozeny equation.

Aluminium powders have been used since the beginning of thecommercial manufacture of lightweight concrete. Continuous anduser-oriented development led to the development of theSTANDART aluminium powders RO. Special characteristics ofthese solvent-free blowing agents are the initial delayed reactioncombined with high casting stability which are created byphysical processes.

The coding of these aluminium powders indicates their fineness.The higher the indicated number (e.g. 550), the finer is the particlesize. All RO types can be blended or processed in any proportion.This also applies to their suspensions, thus enabling manufacturersto adjust their required reactivities with a wide variety ofcombinations.

Table 1 gives an overview of the STANDART aluminium powderRO basic types. The following test methods were used for theircharacterisation:

Filtering of near-mesh material(wet sieving according to DIN 53195)One of the main methods used to test aluminium flakes fortechnical purposes is the determination of the particle size, as thereaction duration and consequently the suitability for a certainquality are mainly dependent on the distribution of particle size.The particle size is most effectively determined by filtering ofnear-mesh material. This process is generally carried out using awet filtering technique with a suitable solvent.

Aluminium powder RO

STANDART


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SelectionAn important requirement is the raw density to be generated. As ageneral rule, light qualities demand fine particle sizes and heavyqualities demand coarser particle sizes. Other important factorsare: the characteristic of the raw materials (e. g. sand quality, setting

characteristics of the raw materials) the composition of the used formulation (e. g. solid water factor,

lime-cement proportion) the resulting process parameters (e. g. casting temperature, cycle

times, standing times) characteristics of the plant

We offer to all customers technical consultation and are happy toassist you on your premises in the choice of the types most suitablefor your production processes.

STANDART Aluminium powder RO

Typical characte-

ristics of particle

size distribution

determined with

Cilas 1064

D 50

approx. m

Active metal

content

%

Apparent

density

kg/dm3

Blaine

values

cm2/g

Raw density

categories

g/dm3

Product fineness

RO 50

RO 100

RO 200

RO 400

RO 500

RO 550

>_ 75 >_ 55

>_ 97 >_ 80

>_ 97 >_ 85

>_ 98 >_ 90

>_ 99 >_ 94

>_ 99 >_ 96

RO

powder

standard

types

Screen analysis / Wet sieving with water as

rinsing liquid

according to DIN 53195

< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m

%

>_ 800, heavy

>_ 350, l ight

coarse

very fine

85

70

50

30

24

20

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 91

>_ 90

0,16 0,22

0,11 0,15

0,09 0,13

0,09 0,13

0,09 0,13

0,09 0,13

~ 10.000

~ 13.000

~ 17.000

~ 22.000

~ 27.000

~ 30.000

Table 1


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Tables 2 and 3 give an overview of the STAPA Hydropor pastes.The following features are used for their characterisation.

Filtering of near-mesh material(wet sieving according to DIN 53195)One of the main methods of testing aluminium flakes for technicalpurposes is the determination of the particle size, as the reactionduration and consequently the suitability for a certain quality aremainly dependent on the distribution of particle size. The particlesize is most effectively determined by filtering near-mesh material.This process is generally carried out using a wet filtering techniquewith a suitable solvent.

Laser granulometryThe determination of the distribution of particle size using lasergranulometry only gives relative values as this method is moresuitable for sphere-shaped particles than platelet-shaped particles.The indicated values are suitable for specification to a limited extentonly.

Active metal contentThe active metal content indicates which portion of the flakes ispure metal. This is used to determine the quantity of aluminiumflakes required to develop Hydrogen in the blowing process.

Solid ContentThe solid content setting indicates the percentage of solids in thelisted type. STAPA Hydropor pastes are offered as standard intwo solid contents.

STAPA Hydropor pastes allow for dust-free processing ofaluminium pigments and therefore are a significant contributingfactor to safety. Hydropor pastes are aqueous based andconsequently do not contain hydrocarbon solvents. In addition,they disperse easily and aid quick processing and short mixingtimes.

They are used in the most diverse systems and have provedparticularly useful in formulations with a lime-cement proportion< 1. The coding gives the user an idea of their particle size. Thehigher the indicated number (e. g. 900), the finer the particle size.The letters N or V indicate the applicable particle size distribution.Types marked with N have a comparatively narrower particlesize, types marked V have a wider particle size. All Hydroportypes can be blended or processed at any proportion. This alsoapplies to their suspensions and offers a broad range ofcombinations to achive optimum reactivity.

Product description Hydropor pastes

STAPA


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Typical characte-

ristics of particle

size distribution

determined with

Cilas 1064

D 50

approx. m

Active metal

content

%

Solid content

%

Raw density

categories

g/dm3

Product finenessHydropor N

standard

types


rinsing liquid


< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m

%

>_ 800, heavy

>_ 350, l ight

coarse

very fine

>_ 94

92-98 83-93

>_ 90

98-99,2 91-93

>_ 97,5 92-97

>_ 99 96,5-99

>_ 99 >_ 98

N 100

N 200

N 300

N 500

N 700

N 900

N 1000

85

52

47

38

32

30

25

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 89

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75


Typical characte-

ristics of particlesize distribution

determined with

Cilas 1064

D 50

approx. m

Active metal

content

%

Solid content

%

Raw density

categories

g/dm3

Product finenessHydroporV

standardtypes


rinsing liquid


< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m

%

>_ 800, heavy

>_ 350, l ight

coarse

very fine

92-97 75-85

94-98 80-90

>_ 90

>_ 95 >_ 90

>_ 98 >_ 94

>_ 95

V 100

V 200

V 300

V 500

V 700

V 900

60

55

35

22

19

17

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 90

>_ 90

>_ 90

>_ 89

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

Table 2

Table 3


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The increased reduction of apparent density and consequentlymore sensitive expanding processes generated a requirement forblowing agents with modified reaction properties. For this reason,in the mid-90s STAPA Hydropor pastes with a specially modifiedinitial reactivity were developed. These pastes are coded with anadditional number in their particle size categorisation (e. g. 903).The full range of STAPA Hydropor pastes with this modificationis available and can be combined to any proportion with thestandard products listed in Tables 2 and 3.

They can be used to achieve the following positive effects:

reduction of casting viscosity prevention or reduction of cavities

(air cavities in the porous structure) increased temperature tolerance during production improvement of physical characteristics a more homogenous pore appearance in the blowing direction reduced use of blowing agents

The delay of the initial reaction can take several minutes and iscustomised according to our clients' specifications as much aspossible.

A proven method for testing the delay of technical aluminiumproducts is the so-called calcium hydroxide reactivity

In this process, the aluminium pastes are made to react with acalcium hydroxide solution while the generation of hydrogen istimed. (Graph 1)

Retarded STAPA Hydropor pastes

STAPA


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Calcium hydroxide reactivity

STAPA Hydropor V 900 und V 903 at various settings

No delay (V900)

Slight delay (V903)

Medium delay (V903)

Long delay (V903)

Graph 1


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ECKART 10

and so allow the reactivity to be determined according to therequirements of the individual production processes. They areavailable in solid contents of 70 and 75%.

In addition, STAPA aluminium RO porous pastes (Table 3) arealso anhydrous. One special feature of this paste category is areaction time delay created by a physical process while at thesame time maintaining constantly high casting stability using themost diverse systems and formulations. STAPA aluminium ROporous pastes are very compatible with each other and can bemixed at any proportion both as a paste or a suspension.

They are available with a standard 70% solid content.

STAPA Alupor pastes are blowing agent pastes based on die-thylenglycol. These anhydrous products distinguish themselves byincreased storage life which makes them particularly attractive foruse in warmer regions. The product category of the STAPA

Alupor pastes allows for good water wettability and thereforethey are easy to disperse. They allow for dust-free processing andare consequently a significant contributing factor to safety.

STAPA Alupor pastes are based on the same particle sizes as theSTAPA Hydropor-pastes already introduced and are equallydivided into N types (Table 1) and V types (Table 2). Thesepastes and their suspensions can be mixed at all proportions

Alupor pastes

STAPA

STAPA Alupor pastes

Typical characte-

ristics of particle

size distribution

determined with

Cilas 1064

D 50approx. m

Active metal

content

%

Solid content

%

Raw density

categories

g/dm3

Product finenessAluporN

standard

types


rinsing liquid


< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m%

>_ 800, heavy

>_ 350, l ight

coarse

very fine

>_ 94

92-98 83-93

>_ 90

98-99,2 91-93

>_ 97,5 92-97

>_ 99 96,5-99

>_ 99 >_ 98

N 100

N 200

N 300

N 500

N 700

N 900

N 1000

85

52

47

38

32

30

25

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 89

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

Table 1


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STAPA Alupor pastes

Typical characte-

ristics of particle

size distribution

determined with

Cilas 1064

D 50

approx. m

Active metal

content

%

Solid content

%

Raw density

categories

g/dm3

Product finenessAluporV

Standard-

types


rinsing liquid


< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m

%

>_ 800, heavy

>_ 350, l ight

coarse

very fine

92-97 75-85

94-98 80-90

>_ 90

>_ 95 >_ 90

>_ 98 >_ 94

>_ 95

V 100

V 200

V 300

V 500

V 700

V 900

60

55

35

22

19

17

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 90

>_ 90

>_ 90

>_ 89

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

STAPA Alupor RO pastes

Typical characte-

ristics of particle

size distribution

determined with

Cilas 1064

D 50

approx. m

Active metal

content

%

Raw density

categories

g/dm3

Product finenessAlupor

RO

types


rinsing liquid


< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m

%

>_ 800, heavy

>_ 350, l ight

coarse

very fine

>_ 80

>_ 97

>_ 94 >_ 86

>_ 95

>_ 96

RO 50

RO 100

RO 200

RO 400

RO 550

85

70

50

30

20

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 90

Table 3

Table 2

Solid content

%

70

70

70

70

70


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ECKART 12

Similar to the retarded STAPA Hydropor pastes, these anhydrouspastes have also a time delayed initial reaction.

This development made it possible to benefit from the advantagesof blowing agents with retarded reaction in regions which are notvery suited to the use of STAPA Hydropor pastes. These specialpastes complete the product range of STAPA aluminium pastesand offer our customers the benefits of modern blowing agentsregardless of their production site. All STAPA alupor V basic typesare offered with a time-delayed initial reaction which, again, canbe determined as required. (Graph 2)

The application of these products can result in the followingeffects:

reduction of casting viscosity prevention or reduction of cavities

(air cavities in the porous structure) increased temperature tolerance in the manufacturing process improvement of physical characteristics a more homogenous pore appearance in the blowing direction reduced consumption of blowing agents

Retarded STAPA Alupor pastes

STAPA

STAPA Alupor pastes, retarded

Typical characte-

ristics of particle

size distribution

determined with

Cilas 1064D 50

approx. m

Active metal

content

%

Solid content

%

Raw density

categories

g/dm3

Product finenessAlupor V

types

retarded


rinsing liquid

according to DIN 53195< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m

%

>_ 800, heavy

>_ 350, l ight

coarse

very fine

92-97 75-85

94-98 80-90

>_ 90

>_ 95 >_ 90

>_ 98 >_ 94

>_ 95

V 103

V 203

V 303

V 503

V 703

V 903

60

55

35

22

19

17

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 90

>_ 90

>_ 90

>_ 89

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75

70/75


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ECKART 13

Calciumhydroxide reactivity

STAPA Alupor V 900 and V 903 at various settings

Graph 2

No delay (V900)

Slight delay (V903)

Medium delay (V903)


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ECKART 14

STAPA Alupor poral pastes are a component of our Alupor rangewith a base of diethylenglycol. These pastes were developed foruse with formulations rich in lime. They are anhydrous and freeof fatty acids and disperse well.

The particle size of these products become finer with increasingcode number. Particle sizes may be mixed at any proportion toadjust the reactivity.

SelectionAn important precondition is the desired raw density of the light-weight concrete. As a general rule, light qualities demand fineand heavy qualities demand coarser particle size categories.

Other important factors are:

the characteristic of the raw materials(e.g. sand quality, setting characteristics of the raw materials)

the composition of the used formulation(e.g. solid water factor, lime-cement proportion)

the resulting process parameters(e.g. casting temperature, cycle times, standing times)

characteristics of the production plant

Our application experts are able to advise customers on thebest choice of product and can assist you on your premises ifrequired. In addition, we are able to offer customer-specificsolutions which our development division will customise to therequirements of individual companies.

STAPA Alupor poral pastes

STAPA Alupor Poral pastes

Typical characte-

ristics of particlesize distribution

determined with

Cilas 1064

D 50

approx. m

Active metal content

%

Raw density

categories

g/dm3

Product finenessAlupor

porouspastes


rinsing liquid


< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m

%

>_ 800, heavy

>_ 350, l ight

coarse

very fine

>_ 95 85-83

>_ 97 >_ 90

>_ 98 >_ 92

>_ 98 >_ 94

302K

402K

502K

602K

30

25

21

17

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 91


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ECKART 15

ProductsTwo product ranges are available for application in these areas:

STANDART aluminium powder Limestone aluminium mixtures

The characteristics of the available products are determinedmainly by the variance in the distribution of particle size and theparticle inhibition to ensure that their reaction profile can bedetermined precisely.

The listed STANDART aluminium powders have proven their valuein particular.

A test carried out by the DMT-Association for science and testingmbH [Deutsche Montan Technologie Gesellschaft Germanassociation of the coal and steel industry for science and testing]has shown that there is no risk of a dust explosion as long as theproportion of aluminium powder is


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SelectionThe use of aluminium powders and limestone aluminium mixturesdepends on the raw materials and additives used.For this reason, the optimal product can only be created throughuser experimentation with the respective systems.

Aluminium powder contained in nonautoclaved construction materials

Typical characte-

ristics of particle

size distribution

determined with

Cilas 1064

D 50

approx. m

Active metal

content

%

Solid

material

settings

kg/dm3

Blaine

values

cm2/g

Aluminium powder 10890

Slurry N 53199/G

Aluminium powder RO 200



>= 99

>_ 99

>_ 97 >_ 85

>_ 97 >_ 88

>_ 98 >_ 90

Screen analysis/wet sieving

according to DIN 53195 / DIN 53196

< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m

%

50

45

30

>= 85

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

>_ 92

0,30 0,40

0,30 0,40

0,09 0,13

0,09 0,13

0,09 0,13

~ 11.000

~ 17.000

~ 19.000

~ 22.000


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ECKART 17

Aluminium flitterAluminium flitters are platelet-shaped aluminium pigments withan average particle size above 150m. Among other things, theyare used for fireworks in theatres.

Burning timeThis is a special test method for pyro aluminium powder andgives an idea of its reactivity. To determine the burning time, amixture of pyro aluminium powder and potassium perchlorate areburned in a small cardboard tube. The elapsed time is defined asburning time.

Acetone soluble partThe acetone soluble part is determined using extraction and istherefore connected with the surface occupancy of the pyropowders.

Filtering of near-mesh material(wet sieving according to DIN 53196)One of the main methods of testing aluminium flakes for technicalpurposes is the determination of the particle size, as the reactionduration and consequently the suitability for a certain quality aremainly dependent on the particle size. The particle size is mosteffectively determined by filtering of near-mesh material. Thisprocess is generally carried out using a wet filtering technique witha suitable solvent.

Active metal contentThe active metal content indicates the percentage of thealuminium pyro powders is metal. This corresponds with thealuminium content which is available for the reaction.

Pyrotechnics is one of the most traditional areas of applicationfor platelet-shaped aluminium pigments. The wide range ofpyrotechnic products, from slurries and firecrackers to emergencysignals and special effects lighting demands a wide range ofspecial products with predetermined characteristics. This is whereECKART offers quality by tradition and offers sophisticatedsolutions for all areas of application. Demands on pyroaluminium pigments are varied and depend very much on thearea of application.

Pyro powders and slurriesAmong other factors, the reactivity of pyro powders is determinedby fatty acid components. In so-called slurries they can exceed4%. Their main use is in slurry explosives. These are explosiveswhich belong to the category of safety explosives. In this context,aluminium pigments are mainly added for the sensitisation of theexplosive.

The determining factor for pyrotechnic aluminium powders istheir particle size which gives many products their relevantcharacteristics. Pyro powders with a particle size less than 45 mare considered fine products; powders with larger particle sizeare considered coarser products. The colour of the aluminiumpowder allows the categorisation for pyrotechnic use; adifferentiation is made between dark (black), grey and lightqualities. Consequently, black (dark) powders often have a higherreactivity than grey or light powders.

Pyro aluminium powder

STANDART


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ECKART 18

SelectionTypical pyro aluminium powders and aluminium flitters fit into

the tables above. A wide range of additional qualities is availableand we are also happy to produce individual solutions incollaboration with our development division. Please do nothesitate to contact us if you are interested or have specificrequirements.

Standart Pyro aluminium powders

Active metal

content

%

Bulk density

kg/dm3

Acetone

soluble

part

%

Light powders

Pyro UZ

Pyro IZ

Grey powders

Pyro 3413

Dark powders

Pyro 4413

Pyro 5413 H Super

Pyro 6413

>_ 80 90

>_ 95

>_ 90

>_ 90

>_ 95

>_ 95

Screen analysis / Wet sieving

with organic solvent as rinsing liquid


< 160 m < 100 m < 71 m < 45 m

%

>_ 91

>_ 88

>_ 85

>_ 88

>_ 80

>_ 78

0,14 0,18

0,15 0,25

0,25 0,35

0,50 0,70

0,60 0,70

0,65 0,75

0,5

0,4

0,5

0,1

0,1

0,1

Burning

time

secs.

20

9

7

6

6

6

Standart Pyro aluminium flitter

Bulk density

kg/dm3

Typical particle size

m

Flitter extra fine

Flitter fine

Flitter medium

Flitter coarse

0,50

0,45

0,40

0,35

100 500

250 630

630 1.000

1.000 2.000


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With compliments

ECKART GMBH & Co. KGKaiserstrasse 3090763 FuerthGermany

Tel.: +49 (0)911-99 78-0Fax.: +49 (0)911-99 78-349

[email protected]

1/0508.0 TA

ECKART America L.P.4101 Camp Ground RoadLouisville, Kentucky 40211USA

Tel.: +1 502-775-4241Fax: +1 502-775-4249Toll Free in USA: 877-754-0001

[email protected]

ECKART Asia Ltd.11/F., East Wing,Hennessy Centre500 Hennessy Road,

Causeway Bay, Hong Kong

Tel.: +852 2926 2932Fax: +852 2882 5366

[email protected]

This information and our technical advice whetherverbal, in writing or by way of trials are given ingood faith but without warranty, and this also applie swhere proprietary rights of third parties are involved.Our advice does not release you from the obligationto verify the information currently provided especially

that contained in our safety data and technicalinformation sheets and to test our products as totheir suitability for the intended processes and uses.The application, use and processing of our productsand the products manufactured by you on the basis ofour technical advice are beyond our control and,therefore, entirely your own responsibility.

Unsere anwendungstechnische Beratung in Wort,Schrift und durch Versuche erfolgt nach bestemWissen, gilt jedoch nur als unverbindlicher Hin-weis besonders unter Bercksichtigung der Datenin unseren technischen Produktinformationen undSicherheitsdatenblttern auch in Bezug auf etwaige

Schutzrechte Dritter, und befreit Sie nicht von dereigenen Prfung der von uns gelieferten Produkte aufihre Eignung fr die beabsichtigten Verfahren undZwecke. Anwendung, Verwendung und Verarbeitungder Produkte erfolgen auerhalb unserer Kontroll-mglichkeiten und liegen daher ausschlielich inIhrem Verantwortungsbereich.

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Technaluflakes e Ta