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TEAM COHESIVENESS
MADE BY:
Shalini Prakash….(018)
Monisha Gautam..(026)
DEFINITION
“A dynamic process that is reflected in the tendency of a group to stick together and remain united in the pursuit of its instrumental objectives and/or for the satisfaction of member affective needs”
(Carron et al., 119). Task Cohesion Social Cohesion
Goals and Cohesion Productivity must be established by
setting challenging and specific goals. Making sure the members know what the individual goals are, for themselves and their team mates, is very important.
There can be no hidden agendas by any of the members, their goals must coincide with team goals.
What’s good for the team has to be good for the individual and visa
versa.
Cohesiveness & Team Performance
Cohesive teams potentially – perform better less conflict
cohesion-performance relationship is weakest if group norms do not encourage high productivity
Norms must be consistent with organizational goals
Cohesiveness and Performance
Team cohesiveness outcomes
Members of cohesive teams• want to remain members • are willing to share information • have strong interpersonal bonds • want to support each other • resolve conflict effectively • are more satisfied and experience
less stress
Causes of team cohesiveness
Member similarity • Homogeneous team easier to develop
cohesiveness, less conflict Team size • Smaller teams, more cohesive • Easier to agree upon goals, coordinate tasks• If team too small, difficult to reach goals
Cont…. Team success • Successful teams more attractive (self-identity)• Gives team more confidence (self efficacy) External competition and challenges• Cohesiveness higher with external
competition/challenges
Steps of Cohesion
Forming
First moments of a newly formed group’s life How team members fits into the team Often marked by tension, guarded interchanges, and
low levels of interaction People monitor their behavior and are tentative when
expression opinions
Storming
Members acquire roles and responsibilities Tension increases in the storming phase – over goals,
procedures, authority etc. Conflict often causes fight or flight responses Coach assess strength and weakness of their members
and begin to decide who will go in which role.
Norming
Group becomes more unified and organized Mutual trust and support increases Rules, roles, and goals are established
Communication increases
Performing
When all the members work together to achieve the common team goals-task oriented
mature groups spend less time socializing, less time in conflict and need less guidance than less mature teams
Efficient work coordination, conflict resolution
Guidelines for Establishing Team Cohesion Leader strategies• Communicate effectively • Explain individual roles in team
success• Develop pride within subunits • Set challenging team goals • Avoid formation of social groups • Conduct periodic team meetings • Get to know others; enhance personal disclosure
Group member strategies
• Get to know members of the group • Help group members whenever possible • Give group members positive reinforcement • Be responsible • Communicate honestly and openly with coach or
leader• Give 100% effort at all times
Carron’s Conceptual Model of Cohesion
Key Environmental Factors Normative factors hold groups together Contractual responsibilities Organization factors• Size of the team
• Distinctiveness from others
Key Personal Factors
Individual characteristics of group members• Level of satisfaction was best predictor of
both social and task cohesion.• Similar aspirations is another factor.
Key Leadership Factors Leadership style is vital to team
cohesion• Clear communication• Team goals• Team members’ roles• Enhancing feelings of cohesion• Compatibility between coach and
athletes
Key Team Factors
The task to accomplish Individual or team sport Strong desire to be successful (History) Shared experiences of successes Team stability (length of time playing
together)
Building Team Cohesion
Team Building Plan & Commitment to a Common Goal
Role Acceptance Communication Constructive Conflict
Commitment to a Goal
Role Acceptance Role Acceptance• Satisfaction of one’s role• To achieve as a team, individual sacrifices
must be made throughout the season. Role acceptance is directly related:• Opportunity to use specialized skills• Receive feedback and recognition• Role significance• Opportunity to work independently
Communication
Open door policy• active listening• Line of regard• Better to be vocal rather
than silent
Poor communication usually results in conflict
Team Conflict Role conflict is a major source• A goal is blocked due to lack of
ability, motivation, time or lack of understanding to achieve the goal
• Reward team success instead of individual statistics, honors, and awards
Team Cohesion… A Final Thought The more cohesive a team
is, the more it encourages peak performance in its members. If cohesion is lacking it can often prevent the team from reaching its’ potential.
THANK YOU