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Teaching unit Basketball

1 .- THE BASKET: A BRIEF HISTORY.Basketball was born in 1891 in the United States, namely, in the University YMCA, Springfield (Massachusetts) where the career of Physical Education was set. James Naismith, physical education teacher,he wanted to create a team sport that could be practiced in the gym during the cold winter. After analyzing the sports that were practiced at the time, such as rugby, football, baseball, etc.., Naismith created eleven rules of the game we know today as basketball.Naismith placed two peach baskets nailed to the extreme of a track, 3.05 meters from the ground. Hence the name "basketball" was originated. Basketball is a English compound word that defines the object of the game: putting the ball into a basket.At the Berlin Olympics in 1936 was included as Olympic sport. The women's basketball was not until the Olympic Games in Montreal in 1976.For the first time basketball appeared in Spain in 1921. The Escolapian Eusebio Millan Alonso introduced this team sport in Barcelona. The first team that was created was "Laietà Basketball Club" in 1922, at the Pia School of San Antonio. In 1923 the first Championship of Catalonia was held .In adittion to this ,the Catalan Basketball Federation was created.Then, a year later, the Spanish Federation of Basketball was founded.2 .- THE ELEMENTARY RULES.2.1 .- Definition.Basketball is played between two teams of five players. The aim is to introduce the ball into the basket of the opponent and to avoid that the other team receives possession . The ball may be passed, thrown,bounced or driving in any direction according to the rules.2.2 .- The courtIt is a rectangular area of 28x15 meters, bounded by the field lines (sides and bottom), divided into two camps (central line), there are some areas that determine specific rules, we have:

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- The area of release 3-point (line 6.25 m)- key area or 3 seconds.- The 3 gaps between two areas (one for each ring and a bottle in midfield.- The area of free throws (free throw line).

2.3 .- Basic basket vocabularyassit a pass to a

teammate that leads directly to a goal

backboard a board behind the basket, off which the ball may rebound

Block to stop the movement of an opponent, or stop an opponent's pass or shot

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bounce to rebound after hitting a surface

Bounce pass

Chest pass

a pass that bounces off the floor before it reaches the receiver

Two handed pass trown from heigt chess

double-dribbling violation of dribbling the ball with two hands, or stopping and restarting the dribble

dribble To bounce the ball repeatedly with one hand while running or walking

possesion To be holding or be in control of the ball

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drive A fast strong dribble directly to the basket in an effort to score.

foul A violation resulting from a illegal contact with an opposing player.

Free throw A free shot taken from the free throw line as the result of a foul

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guarding Following an opponent to stop him from driving, shooting or passing easily.

hoop The round metal rim from which a basketball net is suspended

Jump shot A shot taken while a player is jumping through the air

Set shot A shot taken with both feet on the floor in a set position

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Lay upA shot taken close to the basket that is usually hit off the backboard and into the basket

No-look pass A pass thrown without looking towards the receiver

Overhead pass

A pass trown from over the head.

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reboundget control of a ball that has come off the rim or backboard after a failed shot attempt

referee officials who call violations and fouls, give penalties, signal field goals, and stop and start play

shot To throw the ball in an attempt to score a goal

Slum dunk a high jump shot in which the ball is thrust down through the hoop

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Technical foula foul called against a player or coach for unsportsmanlike conduct such as arguing with a referee

Three-point line In europe ,the three point line is 6,25 m from the basket.

time-out clock stoppage requested by a coach for a short meeting with the players

Travelling the violation of moving with the ball without dribbling correctly

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turnover a player loses the ball to a member of the other team without taking a sho

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2.4 Basic basketball rulesThe 10 ":it is the time that has one team to pass to the opponent court.

Backcourtthe team with possession of the ball once has crossed the midfield, it can not return the ball back to his field.

The 24 ":it is the maximum time to attemp to shot to the opponent basket.

The score:You score by throwing the ball in the hoop. depending on where you are when you shoot the ball. at the circled line is a three point. the straight line before the three point line is the foul shot line, which is one point, but only one point when the umpire stops the game and has the person that got fouled stand on the line to shoot. inside the circled line is two points.

The 3 ":No player of the attacking team can not be more than 3 in the key area.

The 5 ":A player can not be more than 5 seconds with the ball in his hands without passing it, make it bounce or throw it.

5 personal fouls:If a player commits five personal fouls he must leave the basket court.

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3.BASKETBALL POSITIONS.

1.point guardThe point guard, also known as the "1", is typically the team's best ball handler and passer 2.shooting guard.The shooting guard, also known as the "2", is usually the team's best shooter, and typically is able to consistently hit long range shots

3.small forward.The small forward, also known as the "3", is typically somewhat shorter, quicker and leaner than power forwards and centers. The small forward position is considered to be perhaps the most versatile of the main five basketball positions.

4.power forward.Also known as the "4" position and abbreviated as "PF", the power forward plays a role similar to that of the center, down in the "post" or "low blocks". On offense, they can "post up", (playing with their backs to the basket), or set up for mid-range jump shots. On defense, they play under the basket in a zone defense or against the opposing power forward in man-to-man defenseThey are tall and strong players.

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5.Center.The center, also referred to as the "5" or the "pivot", usually plays near the baseline, close to the basket . The center usually scores "down low, in the paint" (near the basket, in the key) paint" (near the basket, in the key), but some can be good perimeter shooters, which can draw a good rebounding and skill to score close to the basket, as well as gathering rebounds, contesting shots and setting screens on plays.

4.- ELEMENTARY TECHNICAL BACKGROUND.The technique consists of the specific gesture to the sport and can be classified in many ways, for example:Technical gestures of attack (jumping, dribbling, passing, throwing,and driving)technical gestures and defense (defensive positions, guarding,turnovers,rebounds...)

5.- BASIC BASKETBALL TACTICS.Man to man.This tactic is one that is very important to know because it is the epitome of team playing. In this tactic, one team member is assigned to follow the movements of another player and “defends” this teammate from players of the opposing team—like a guard.

zone defense. Instead of a player being assigned a person to guard, they are assigned a “zone”. A zone is characterized by a specific area of the floor. When an offensive player steps into one’s zone, the man defending that zone must guard the player until he enters another’s zone. A term you might hear thrown around a lot is “1-3-1”. This is a tactic in which one player stands out to the front to defend the three-point line. Three more players, which are most often the shooting guard, power forward, and small forward, space out from the free-throw line. The last player then positions himself to guard the basket.Another tactic you might find handy to remember is the

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“1-2-2”. In this set up, one player stands out in front of the three-point line. Two more players are positioned to guard the free-throw line, and the two remaining players position themselves to guard the basket.