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Teaching the Holocaust. Knowledge Quiz:. 1. Was Hitler part Jewish? 2. What did the Jews do to bring on what happened to them? 3. Who else besides Jews did the regime go after? 4. What were the two main methods of mass murder used by the Nazis? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Teaching the Holocaust
Knowledge Quiz:1. Was Hitler part Jewish?
2. What did the Jews do to bring on what happened to them?
3. Who else besides Jews did the regime go after?
4. What were the two main methods of mass murder used by the Nazis?
5. What groups/social categories besides victims were involved in the Holocaust?
REICH WAR AGAINST THE JEWS
More than 2,000 anti-Jewish measures were put into effect in Germany under Nazi rule.
Small steps over years
Exercise 1: How do you take a society…technologically advancedworld power with coloniesindustrializedliberaltolerant of diversitya cosmopolitan western civilizationwith a highly educated population
And turn it pretty quickly into one poised to discriminate, cheat, rob, humiliate and murder hundred’s of thousands of its citizens?
FOUR PART PROCESS TO SOLVE THE JEWISH QUESTION
1. Definition: 1920s -1935 Define a Jew (legal and propaganda)
2. Expropriation: Transfer Wealth: 1933 – 1945Aryanize the economy (in Germany)Steal their possessions Use their slave labor
3. Segregation: Social and Geographic: 1935-1945 Race Mixing and Segregation Laws
Identify and Isolate the VictimsConcentrate them into Ghettos
4. Extermination: 1941-1945Einsatzgruppen, mobile killing unitsKilling Center Concentration Camps
Who Was Involved in the Holocaust: The Perpetrators
Different Levels of Perpetrators
Top Level Leaders- political power, policy makers, initiators, true believers (Hitler, Himmler, Reinhard Heydrich, Goring, Goebbels, etc.)
Front Line Killers – the ordinary men who did the murdering
Accomplices - Support bureaucrats & businessmen
Bystanders – silent or indifferent
What’s important here for teaching?
Why Did They Do It?
Was it …Biology?????
Personality?????Society?????
Anti-Semitism/Hate Propaganda In-group vs. Out-group War and patriotism Military culture Career advancement Peer pressure/conformity Obedience/ following orders Social norms Alcohol Greed Not personality or mental illness
HOLOCAUST IS TIME OF
HATRED
AND
AVARICE!!!
STANLEY MILGRAM QUOTE"The social psychology of this century reveals a major lesson: often it is not so much the kind of person a man is as the kind of situation in which he finds himself that determines how he will act." (1974)
Ethical Issue
Where is the line that you won’t cross?
What are your values?
Do you have a choice?
Who Was Involved in the Holocaust: The Bystanders
What did they see?
Discrimination Speeches Lots of restricting laws Book burnings, boycotts Loosing their jobs Possessions taken away Being marched away Wearing the yellow star Being harassed Empty homes Ghettoes in the town, village, city Nearby concentration camps
Being shot into mass graves Slave laborers
“The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is
for good men to do nothing.”
Edmund Burke
“I swore never to be silent whenever and wherever human beings endure suffering and humiliation. We must always take sides. Neutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim. Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented.” Elie Wiesel
“Indifference, to me, is the epitome of evil. The opposite of love is not hate, it's indifference. The opposite of art is not ugliness, it's indifference. The opposite of faith is not heresy, it's indifference. And the opposite of life is not death, it's indifference.” Elie Wiesel
“There may be times when we are powerless to prevent injustice, but there must never be a time when we fail to protest.” Elie Wiesel
“He who passively accepts evil is as much involved in it as he who helps to perpetrate it.” Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
“We will have to repent in this generation not merely for the hateful words and actions of the bad people but for the appalling silence of the good people.”
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Ethical Issue
Where is the line that you won’t cross?
What are your values?
When do I speak out?About what do I speak out?
Who Was Involved in the Holocaust: Victims
Who Was Involved in the Holocaust: Resisters and Rescuers
“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed people
can change the world: indeed it's the only thing that ever has!”
- Margaret Mead
A boat used by Danish fishermen to transport Danish Jews to safety in Sweden
Large SmallScale Scale
National GroupIndividual
Categories of Rescue
http://www.jfr.org/site/PageServer
Rescuer info and reunion films
Like ordinary men who were perpetrators, but made the more courageous choice
Why Courageous???
Ordinary individuals who made the choice to rescue
Irena Sendler
Dervis Korkut
Alexander Roslan with Jacob and David Gutgelt
Pastor André Trocmé, wife Magda and children.
O
Otto Rasch
Ernst Szymanowski
Raoul Wallenberg
Sempo Sugihara
STANLEY MILGRAM QUOTE
"It may be that we are puppets--puppets controlled by the strings of society. But at least we are puppets with perception, with awareness. And perhaps our awareness is the first step to our liberation." (1974)
Ethical Issue
Where is the line that you won’t cross?
What are your values?
You do have a choice.
The Holocaust Which role do you
most often play? Victim, Perpetrator, Bystander, or Rescuer?
Which role would you like to play?
What can you do to become the person you want to be?
Why Teach the Holocaust
Values Clarification Moral Development Gangs/Violence Peer Pressure Courage Good and Evil Anti-Hate/Prejudice
Civic Engagement (STAND http://www.standnow.org/ )
Social Action Active Citizenship Fragility of Democracy Self Worth Identity Leadership
History, Standards and
The Other Lessons:
