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6 Chemical Periodicity

More About the Periodic Table

e 1. Accordingly to the periodic law the properties of elements repeat at regular intervalswhen the elements are arranged in order of

(a) their increasing atomic mass.(b) their increasing atomic size.(c) their increasing number of neutrons in the nucleus.(d) their increasing number of isotopes.(e) their increasing number of protons in the nucleus.

b 2. Which periodic group or series of elements is not correctly matched with its commonfamily name?

(a) alaline earth metals !!A(b) alali metals !!!A(c) lanthanides "#$e % &1'u(d) halogens !!A(e) noble gases !!!A

b . *f the following+ which element does not match its designation?

(a) #,r representative metal

(b) -!n representative nonmetal(c) 1-,i metalloid(d) &-W d /transition metal(e) 0h f /transition metal

c -. *f the following+ which periodic group(s) do not match their designation?

(a) d /transition metals !!! !!(b) representative metals !A+ !!A(c) noble gases !!!(d) alaline earth metals !!A

(e) halogens !!A

a ". 333333 is a d/transition metal.

(a) $r (b) 4a (c)Al (d) ,b (e) 5a

d 6. 333333 is a noble gas.

101



102

(a) 22i (b) -27o (c) #1l (d) 68r (e) 29e &. 333333 is an actinide.

(a) 22i (b) -27o (c) #1l (d) 68r (e) 29

b #. Which one of the following is an inner transition ( f /transition) element?

(a) :b (b) ;o (c) $o (d) :u (e) i

c . Which of the following is not a representative element?

(a) $l (b) ,r (c) 5i (d) 8 (e) 5

a 10. $hoose the response that includes all of the listed elements that are d /transition elements+and no others.

!. 22i !!. -27o !!!. #1l !. 68r . 29

(a) ! and !! (b) !! and !!! (c) !!! and !(d) ! and (e) !+ !!!+ and

c 11. What would be the outer electron configuration of group !A (*+ ,+ ,e+ . . .)?

(a) ns2np6 (b) ns2np2 (c) ns2np- (d) np6 (e) ns0np6

e 12. What would be the outer electron configuration of group !!! (,c+ <+ 'a . . .)?

(a) ns2

nd 2

np0

(b) nd 1

ns2

(c) ns2

(n/1)d 1

(d) ns1np (e) (n/1)d 1ns2

e 1. What would be the outer electron configuration of alaline earth metals?

(a) ns2np2 (b) np2 (c) ns0np2 (d) nd 2 (e) ns2

b 1-. What would be the outer electron configuration of halogens?

(a) ns2np6 (b) ns2np" (c) ns2np& (d) ns2np- (e) ns2nd "np0

b 1". $hoose the term that best describes all members of this series of elements=>e+ :n+ ;e+ 5e+ 8r

(a) metalloids (b) noble gases (c) alaline earth metals(d) alali metals (e) representative elements



Chapter 6 103

e 16. $hoose the term that best describes all members of this series of elements=

8+ $a+ a+ $l+ 5

(a) metalloids (b) d %transition elements (c) alaline earth metals(d) alali metals (e) representative elements

Atomic Radii

e 1&. Which of the following statements is false?

(a) he effective nuclear charge eperienced by an electron in an outer shell is lessthan the actual nuclear charge.

(b) Within a family (vertical group in the periodic table) of representative elementsatomic radii increase from top to bottom.

(c) @lectrons in inner shells screen+ or shield+ electrons in outer shells from the fulleffect of the nuclear charge.

(d) he atomic radii of representative elements decrease from left to right across a period (horizontal row in the periodic table).

(e) ransition elements have larger atomic radii than the preceding !A and !!Aelements in the same period because transition elements have electrons in their d orbitals.

a 1#. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

(a) Al (b) ,i (c) (d) , (e) $l

e 1. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

(a) (b) Al (c) 4a (d) !n (e) l

a 20. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

(a) $s (b) a (c) l (d) b (e) i

b 21. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

(a) 4a (b) !n (c) 4e (d) (e) *

c 22. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

(a) 'i (b) 11 5a (c) &:b (d) B (e) "!

c 2. Which element has the largest atomic radius?



104

(a) B (b) $l (c) ,n (d) 8r (e) ,e

b 2-. Which element has the largest atomic radius?

(a) $a (b) ,r (c) $r (d) (e) 5a

e 2". Which element has the largest atomic radius?

(a) B (b) 16, (c) 11 5a (d) 2# 5i (e) &:b

e 26. Which element has the smallest radius?

(a) 5a (b) 7g (c) Al (d) ,i (e)

a 2&. Which element has the smallest radius?

(a) B (b) $l (c) r (d) ! (e) At

e 2#. Which element has the smallest radius?

(a) 7o (b) Au (c) i (d) !n (e) e

e 2. Which element has the smallest radius?

(a) 8 (b) 5a (c) :b (d) 7g (e) $l

e 0. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii.,r+ :b+ ,b+ !+ !n

(a) :b C ,r C !n C ,b C ! (b) ! C ,b C !n C :b C ,r (c) !n C ,b C ! C ,r C :b (d) ,b C ! C !n C ,r C :b(e) ! C ,b C !n C ,r C :b

b 1. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing atomic radii.8+ 5a+ 7g+ $s+ $l

(a) 5a C 7g C $l C 8 C $s (b) $l C 7g C 5a C 8 C $s

(c) $s C 8 C $l C 7g C 5a (d) $l C 7g C $s C 8 C 5a(e) $l C 7g C 5a C $s C 8

c 2. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing atomic radii.b+ + $l+ B+ ,i



Chapter 6 105

(a) $l D B D b D ,i D (b) b D ,i D D B D $l(c) b D ,i D D $l D B (d) b D $l D D ,i D B(e) b D $l D D ,i D B

Ionization Energy

a 33. The minimum energy required to remove the most loosely heldelectron is

(a)first ionization energy.(b)electron affinity(c)potential energy(d)kinetic energy(e)electronegativity.

b -. he first ionization energy of sulfur is less than that of phosphorus. A reasonableeplanation for this fact involves

(a) the stability of the half/filled subshell in atomic sulfur.(b) pairing of two electrons in one p orbital in sulfur atoms.(c) the smaller size of sulfur atoms relative to phosphorus atoms.(d) the ease with which phosphorus attains a noble gas electronic configuration.(e) the higher electronegativity of sulfur relative to phosphorus.

e ". Which element has the lowest first ionization energy?

(a) B (b) $l (c) r (d) ! (e) At

a 6. Which element has the lowest first ionization energy?

(a) $s (b) :b (c) $a (d) a (e) 5a

e &. Which element has the lowest first ionization energy?

(a) B (b) (c) * (d) , (e) ,r

bE#. Which element has the lowest first ionization energy?

(a) e (b) (c) $ (d) 5 (e) *

a . Which element has the highest first ionization energy?

(a) (b) Al (c) 4a (d) !n (e) l

e -0. Which element has the highest first ionization energy?



106

(a) ,n (b) $d (c) As (d) c (e) $l

e -1. Which element has the highest first ionization energy?

(a) 'i (b) $s (c) $l (d) ! (e) Ar d -2. Which element has the highest first ionization energy?

(a) e (b) (c) $ (d) 5 (e) *

aE-. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing first ionization energy.7g+ Al+ ,i+ + ,

(a) Al C 7g C ,i C , C (b) 7g C Al C ,i C C ,(c) Al C 7g C ,i C C , (d) 7g C Al C ,i C , C (e) Al C 7g C C ,i C ,

d --. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing first ionization energy.

:b+ !n+ ,n+ ,b+ As

(a) ,b D ,n D !n D As D :b (b) As D !n D ,n D ,b D :b(c) :b D As D ,b D ,n D !n (d) As D ,b D ,n D !n D :b(e) As D ,n D ,b D !n D :b

b -". Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing first ionization energy.

e+ $a+ $s+ 7g+ 8

(a) 7g D e D $a D 8 D $s (b) e D 7g D $a D 8 D $s(c) $s D 8 D $a D e D 7g (d) $a D 7g D e D $s D 8 (f) $a D 7g D e D 8 D $s

c E-6. Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing first ionization energy.

B+ e+ *+ 5+ $

(a) B D * D 5 D $ D e (b) e D $ D * D 5 D B(c) B D 5 D * D $ D e (d) * D B D 5 D e D $(e) e D $ D 5 D * D B

Electron Affinity

c -&. he amount of energy absorbed in the process in which an electron is added to a neutralgaseous atom is defined as 33333.



Chapter 6 107

(a) shielding effect (b) electronegativity (c) electron affinity(d) first ionization energy (e) standard reduction potential

c -#. Which of the following elements has the most negative electron affinity?

(a) ,i (b) (c) , (d) ,e (e) ed -. Which of the following elements has the most negative electron affinity?

(a) As (b) Al (c) 8 (d) ,e (e) ,n

d "0. he general electron configuration for the element group that would have the largestnegative value for the electron affinity for its atoms is 33333333?

(a) ns2np6 (b) ns2np- (c) ns1 (d) ns2np" (e) ns2np

e "1. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing values of electron affinity+ i.e.+

from most negative to least negative. (5ote= 5one of these elements is an eception tothe general trends of electron affinities.)

$l+ ,e+ ,+ $s+ :b+ e

(a) $l C , C ,e C :b C e C $s (b) $l D e D ,e D , D :b D $s(c) $l D ,e D , D e D :b D $s (d) $l C , C ,e C e C $s C :b(e) $l C , C ,e C e C :b C $s

Ionic Radii

d "2. Which one of the following species is not isoelectronic with neon?(a) 7g2F (b) 5aF (c) *2% (d) $l % (e) AlF

e ". Which one of the following pairs contains isoelectronic species?

(a) 5a+ 5aF (b) ,+ ,e (c) ,2% + ,e2%

(d) B2+ $l2 (e) 5aF+ *2%

b "-. Which of the following ions is not isoelectronic with the others?

(a) !

/

(b) ,b

F

(c) e

2/

(d) a

2F

(e) $s

F

b "". Which of the following ions is not isoelectronic with a noble gas?

(a) 7g2F (b) 2% (c) $sF (d) ,e2% (e) a2F

e "6. Which ion has the largest radius?



108

(a) *2% (b) ,2% (c) ,e2% (d) e2% (e) o2%

e "&. Which ion has the largest radius?

(a) B % (b) $l % (c) r % (d) ! % (e) At %

b "#. Which ion has the largest radius?

(a) 'iF (b) 5aF (c) e2F (d) 7g2F (e) AlF

cE". $onsider the group of ions that are isoelectronic with rypton. Which response containsall the true statements and no others?

!. he ion with the highest positive charge is the largest ion.!!. he ion with the highest atomic number bears the highest positive charge.!!!. he ion with the lowest atomic number bears the least negative charge.!. he ion with a 1% charge is obtained by adding one electron to a 4roup

!!A element.. All the ions have a noble gas electronic configuration.

(a) !! and !!! (b) !+ !!+ and (c) !!+ !+ and (d) ! and ! (e) !!+ !!!+ !+ and

a 60. Which ion has the smallest radius?

(a) B % (b) $l % (c) r % (d) ! % (e) At %

a 61. Which ion has the smallest radius?

(a) *2% (b) ,2% (c) ,e2% (d) e2% (e) o2%

e 62. Which ion has the smallest radius?

(a) As% (b) ,e2% (c) r % (d) :bF(e) ,r 2F

eE6. Which ion has the smallest radius?

(a) 8 F (b) $sF (c) ,r 2F (d) a2F (e) lF

d 6-. Which ion or atom has the largest radius?

(a) , (b) ,2% (c) ,e (d) ,e2% (e) r

e 6". Which ion or atom has the largest radius?

(a) ,r 2F(b) :bF(c) 8r (d) r % (e) ,e2%



Chapter 6 109

b 66. Arrange the following set of ions in order of increasing ionic radii.$a2F+ $l % + 8 F+ % + ,2%

(a) $a2F C 8 F C % C ,2% C $l % (b) $a2F C 8 F C $l % C ,2% C %

(c) 8 F C $l % C $a2F C ,2% C % (d) $l % C ,2% C % C $a2F C 8 F

(e) %

C ,2%

C $l %

C 8 F

C $a2F

e 6&. Arrange the following set of ions in order of decreasing ionic radii.

AlF+ 4aF+ $a2F+ :bF+ 8 F

(a) :bF D 4aF D $a2F D 8 F D AlF (b) :bF D 8 F D $a2F D AlF D 4aF

(c) 4aF D AlF D $a2F D :bF D 8 F (d) :bF D $a2F D 8 F D 4aF D AlF

(e) :bF D 8 F D $a2F D 4aF D AlF

d 6#. Which of the lists of increasing ionic radii is not correct?

(a) $l %

C r %

C ! %

(b) AlF

C 7g2F

C 5aF

(c) $a2F

C ,r 2F

C a2F

(d) ,2% C $l % C 8 F (e) 5aF C *2% C 5%

c 6. Which of these comparisons according to radius is (are) correct?

!. 5aF D 7g2F !!. !nF D ,r 2F !!!. $l % D 8 F !. $l D 8

(a) ! and !! (b) !! and ! (c) ! and !!! (d) !! and !!! (e) !!! and !

Electronegativity

e &0. A property that measures the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond is(a) binding energy. (b) mass defect. (c) electron affinity.(d) ionization energy. (e) electronegativity.

e &1. Which element has the lowest electronegativity?

(a) ; (b) 'i (c) 5a (d) 8 (e) $s

c &2. Which element has the lowest electronegativity?

(a) 7g (b) 5a (c) :b (d) < (e) ,c

a &. Which element has the lowest electronegativity?

(a) 8 (b) $a (c) 4a (d) 4e (e) As

c &-. Which element has the lowest electronegativity?





Chapter 6 111

(a) ,+ B (b) ;+ $ (c) :b+ $l (d) As+ r (e) $+ !

b #". Which pair of elements below would be least likely to form an ionic bond between them?

(a) 5a and , (b) $ and 5 (c) Al and B

(d) 7g and r (e) $s and *e #6. $hlorine is most likely to form an ionic compound with 333333.

(a) B (b) * (c) $ (d) 5 (e) 'ie #&. !odine is most likely to form an ionic compound with 333333.

(a) (b) ,i (c) r (d) 5 (e) 7g

Hydrogen and the Hydrides

c ##. Which one of the following reactions does not produce ;2(g)?

(a) electrolysis of ;2* (b) zinc with ;$l(aG)(c) combustion of ethane+ $2;6 (d) iron with steam(e) steam cracing of hydrocarbons

d #. Which of the following statements about hydrogen is false?

(a) ;ydrogen occurs as a diatomic molecule.(b) ;ydrogen can be produced by the reaction of an active metal and ;$l(aG).(c) 5;+ the binary hydride of nitrogen+ is called ammonia.(d) ;ydrogen forms only molecular compounds.

(e) 7etal hydrides are basic.

a 0. Which one of the following reactions is the Hwater gasH reaction?

(a) $(s) F ;2*(g) 1500°C → $*(g) F ;2(g)

(b) 2$;-(g) F *2(g) heat → 2$*(g) F -;2*(g)

(c) $;-(g) catalyst → $(s) F 2;2(g)

(d) 25a(s) F 2;2*(l) → 25a*;(aG) F ;2(g)(e) $-;10(g) catalyst → 2$2;2(g) F ;2(g)

d 1. Which pair of gases is the product of the Iwater gas reactionJ?

(a) ;2* F ;2 (b) $* F ;2* (c) *2 F ;2*(d) $* F ;2 (e) ;2 F *2

c 2. Which one of the following (pure) compounds of hydrogen is ionic?

(a) ;B (b) ;$l (c) 5a; (d) ;2* (e) ;2,e



112

d . Which one of the following is an ionic hydride?

(a) $;- (b) ;2,e (c) As; (d) a;2 (e) 2;6

b -. Which of the following responses lists only the ionic hydrides?

!. 'i; !!. 2;6 !!!. 4e;- !. ;$l . a;2

(a) ! (b) !+ (c) !!+ !!! (d) !!+ !!!+ ! (e) !+ !!+

d ". Which one of the following is a molecular hydride?

(a) :b; (b) ,r;2 (c) 5a; (d) ; (e) $a;2

b E6. Which of the following is incorrectly classified?

(a) 8; % ionic hydride (b) $;- % ionic hydride (c) ;! % molecular hydride(d) $s; % ionic hydride (e) ;2, % molecular hydride

d &. Which response includes all the elements below whose compounds with hydrogen would be epected to be molecular hydrides+ and no others?

r+ 8+ +

(a) 8+ (b) r+ (c) 8+ r (d) r+ + (e) r

c #. Which one of the following hydrides is basic?

(a) ;2e (b) 2;6 (c) $a;2 (d) ;! (e) $;-

d . Which one of the following hydrides is not acidic?

(a) ;B (b) ;$l (c) ;2, (d) $a;2 (e) ;2,e

d E100.What would be the general balanced eGuation for the reaction of the ionic hydride 7; 2 with ecess water?

(a) 7;2(s) F ;2*(l) → 7*;(aG) F ;2(g)

(b) 7;2(s) F ;2*(l) → 7*(s) F 2;2(g)

(c) 7;2(s) F ;2*(l) → 7;2(s) F ;2*(g)

(d) 7;2(s) F 2;2*(l) → 7(*;)2(aG) F 2;2(g)

(e) 7;2(s) F ;2*(l) → 7*(s) F -;2(g) F *2(g)



Chapter 6 113

a 101. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of nitrogen with hydrogenat high temperature and pressure. What is the sum of the coefficients? KonLt forgetcoefficients of one. 9se the smallest whole number coefficients.

(a) 6 (b) & (c) # (d) - (e) "

c 102. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of magnesium with hydrogenat high temperature. What is the sum of the coefficients? KonLt forget coefficients of one.9se the smallest whole number coefficients.

(a) " (b) 6 (c) (d) - (e) none of these

a 10. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction of magnesium withhydrochloric acid. What is the sum of the coefficients? KonLt forget coefficients of one.9se the smallest whole number coefficients.

(a) " (b) 6 (c) (d) - (e) none of these

d 10-. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of zinc with dilute sulfuricacid+ ;2,*-. What is the sum of the coefficients in the balanced eGuation? 9sethe smallest whole numbers possible. KonMt forget coefficients of HoneH.

(a) si (b) seven (c) eight (d) four (e) five

b 10". Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of sodium hydride with water.What is the sum of the coefficients in the balanced eGuation? 9se the smallest wholenumbers possible. KonMt forget coefficients of HoneH.

(a) three (b) four (c) five (d) si (e) eight

Oxygen and the Oxides

b 106. *ygen was discovered by riestley in 1&&- when he observed the 333333333.

(a) electrolysis of water (b) thermal decomposition of mercury(!!) oide+ ;g*(c) reaction of sulfuric acid+ ;2,*-+ with sodium(d) results of fractional distillation of air

(e) the thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate+ 8$l*

e 10. !hich of the follo"ing statements about o#ygen is false$

(a)The most common form of o#ygen is a diatomic molecule.(b)%zone is an allotrope of o#ygen.(c) &oth ozone and o#ygen are o#idizing agents.



114

(d)%#ygen forms binary compounds "ith nonmetals called acidanhydrides.

(e)%#ygen forms basic nonmetal o#ides.

a 10#. Which one of the following will not react with oygen to form a peroide?

(a) e (b) $a (c) ,r (d) a (e) all form peroides

c 10. Which statement does not accurately describe ozone?

(a) !ts molecules are angular.(b) !ts density is about 1 times that of *2.(c) !ts two oygen % oygen bond lengths are 1.2 N and 1.-# N.(d) !t is unstable.(e) !t is a very strong oidizing agent.

d 110. Which of the following anions represents a peroide?

(a) */ (b) *2/ (c) *2/ (d) *2

2/(e) */

c 111. Which one of the following compounds is a superoide?

(a) 5a2*2 (b) ,r* (c) 8*2 (d) 'i2* (e) $l2*&

c 112. What is the principal product of the reaction of sodium with oygen?

(a) 5a* (b) 5a2* (c) 5a2*2 (d) 5a*2 (e) 5a2*

a 11. Which one of the following does not represent correctly the maOor product formed by thereaction of an alali metal with oygen at ordinary temperatures and pressures?

(a) 'i2*2 (b) 5a2*2 (c) 8*2 (d) :b*2 (e) $s*2

a 11-. Which of the following statements about binary oides is false?

(a) asic oides are molecular.(b) ,ome oides lie e* are amphoteric.(c) 5onmetal oides are usually acidic.

(d) 7etal oides are usually basic.(e) Acid anhydrides are molecular.

c 11". Which response includes all the oides below that are ionic and none that are molecular?

!. 5a2* !!. $a* !!!. As2*" !. ,*

(a) !! and ! (b) !+ !!+ and !!! (c) ! and !!



Chapter 6 115

(d) !!! and ! (e) !! and !!!

e 116. Which response contains all the basic oides listed below and no others?

!. 5* !!. $a* !!!. 'i2* !. ,*2 . -*10

(a) ! and ! (b) !! and ! (c) !+ !!!+ and !(d) ! and (e) !! and !!!

c 11&. Which response includes all of the following oides that are basic anhydrides and noothers?

!. 52* !!. -*6 !!!. $a* !. *B2

(a) ! and !! (b) !! (c) !!! (d) ! (e) !!! and !

b 11#. Which response includes all the oides below that are molecular and none that are ionic?!. 8 2* !!. 2* !!!. 52*" !. 52*

(a) ! and ! (b) !!+ !!!+ and ! (c) !! and !!!(d) !!! and ! (e) ! and !!

a 11. Which response includes all of the following oides that are acid anhydrides?!. $*2 !!. $a* !!!. $l*2 !. l2*

(a) ! and !!! (b) !! and ! (c) ! and !(d) !!+ !!!+ and ! (e) !

e 120. Which of the following oides does not give an acidic solution when dissolved in water?

(a) ,*2 (b) $*2 (c) 52*" (d) -*10 (e) 5a2*

b 121. An amphoteric compound ehibits

(a) acidic properties. (b) acidic and basic properties. (c) metallic properties.(e) basic properties. (e) ionic properties.

b 122. Which one of the following oides is amphoteric?

(a) 'i2* (b) e* (c) $*2 (d) -*6 (e) $l2*

d 12. Which of the following oides is not amphoteric?

(a) Al2* (b) e* (c) ,n*2 (d) r 2*& (e) b*2

dE12-. *ne of the following oides is insoluble in water. Which one?



116

(a) $*2 (b) 52*" (c) ,*2 (d) ,i*2 (e) ,*

e 12". Arrange the following in order of increasing ionic character (most ionic at right).a*+ ,i*2+ ,*2

(a) a* C ,i*2 C ,*2 (b) ,*2 C a* C ,i*2 (c) ,i*2 C ,*2 C a*(d) a* C ,*2 C ,i*2 (e) ,*2 C ,i*2 C a*

a 126. Arrange the following in order of decreasing basicity.7g*+ $s2*+ $l2*&+ ,n*2+ -*10

(a) $s2* D 7g* D ,n*2 D -*10 D $l2*& (b) 7g* D $s2* D -*10 D ,n*2 D $l2*& (c) $s2* D ,n*2 D 7g* D -*10 D $l2*& (d) 7g* D $s2* D ,n*2 D -*10 D $l2*& (e) $l2*& D -*10 D ,n*2 D $s2* D 7g*

d 12&. Arrange the following in order of increasing acidic character (most acidic at the right).Al2*+ 5a2*+ 52*"

(a) Al2* C 5a2* C 52*" (b) 52*" C Al2* C 5a2* (c) Al2* C 52*" C 5a2*(d) 5a2* C Al2* C 52*" (e) 5a2* C 52*" C Al2*

c 12#. Which one of the following compounds would be epected to react with oygen atelevated temperatures to produce both an acidic oide and a basic oide?

(a) $;- (b) $,2 (c) $a, (d) 5* (e) ;2,

d 12. he acid formed by dissolving $l2*& in water is 3333333333.

(a) ;$l* (b) ;$l*2 (c) ;$l* (d) ;$l*- (e) ;$l

d 10. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of sodium with oygen (usethe major product). What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) 2 (b) & (c) (d) - (e) "

a 11. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of rubidium+ :b+ with oygen(use the major product). What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) (b) & (c) # (d) - (e) "

e 12. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of barium with a limitedamount (low pressure) of oygen. What is the sum of the coefficients?



Chapter 6 117

(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) (d) - (e) "

c 1. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of barium with an ecess (high pressure) of oygen. What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) 2 (b) # (c) (d) - (e) "

e 1-. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of copper with ecess *2 atelevated temperatures. What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) 6 (b) # (c) (d) - (e) "

d 1". Which of the following metal oides would not be epected to form under conditions oflimited oygen?

(a) Be* (b) b* (c) $u2* (d) $r* (e) ,n*

b 16. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of arsenic+ As-+ heated with anecess of oygen (he molecular formula for the product is the same as the empiricalformula). What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) & (b) # (c) (d) - (e) "

c 1&. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of barium oide with water.What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) 6 (b) # (c) (d) - (e) "

d 1#. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of lithium oide with water.What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) (d) - (e) "

c 1. 'ithium hydroide is sometimes used to remove carbon dioide from the atmosphere ofdisabled submarines. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for this reaction if the products are lithium carbonate and water. What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) & (b) 6 (c) " (d) - (e) #

d 1-0. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of dichlorine heptoide withwater. What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) & (b) # (c) (d) - (e) "



118

d 1-1. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of dinitrogen pentoide withwater. What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) 6 (b) # (c) (d) - (e) "

c 1-2. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of magnesium oide withsulfur dioide. What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) 6 (b) # (c) (d) - (e) "a 1-. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of carbon dioide with sodium

oide. What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) (b) 6 (c) & (d) - (e) "

d 1--. *ctane+ $#;1#+ is a maOor component of gasoline. Write the balanced formula unit

eGuation for the reaction of the complete combustion of octane. What is the sum of the

coefficients?

(a) - (b) & (c) 1& (d) 61 (e) 0

a 1-". Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of the complete combustion ofethane+ $2;6. What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) 1 (b) 16 (c) 1& (d) - (e) "

c 1-6. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of the complete combustion of pentane+ $";12. What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) 16 (b) 1 (c) 20 (d) 21 (e) 22

e 1-&. Write the balanced formula unit eGuation for the reaction of nitrogen oide with oygen.What is the sum of the coefficients?

(a) (b) 6 (c) # (d) - (e) "

b 1-#. 7ost of the air pollution resulting from combustion of (non/lead/containing) fossil fuelsis due to oides of 3333333333.

(a) 5+ + and , (b) $+ 5+ and , (c) $+ + and ,(d) and $ (e) + $+ and 5

c 1-. $ombustion of fossil fuels and the roasting of metal ores often both produce oides of

(a) (b) 5 (c) , (d) ,i (e) $

b 1"0. he brownish color of photochemical smog is due to 33333333.



Chapter 6 119

(a) $* (b) 5*2 (c) 5* (d) ,*2 (e) ,*

e 1"1. $ombustion of fossil fuels contaminated with sulfur leads to what phenomena?

(a) greenhouse effect (b) global warming(c) ozone destruction (d) photochemical smog(e) acid rain

d 1"2. he two acids that are maOor contributors to Hacid rainH are 3333333333.

(a) ;2$* and ;5* (b) ;2,*- and ;*-

(c) ;2$* and ;2,*- (d) ;2,*- and ;5*

(e) ;*- and ;5*

Conceptual Questions

1". 9se the screening effect to eplain why a sodium atom has a larger radius than alithium atom.

1"-. @plain why the 1st ionization energy of 5 is larger than that of *.

1"". he 2nd ionization energy is the energy to remove a second electron. Why is the2nd !@ of potassium much larger than the 1st !@? $omment on the relative values of the1st !@ of 5e and the 2nd !@ of 5a.

1"6. Why are electronegativity values not usually given for 4roup !!!A elements?

1"&. urning fossil fuels produces ,*2+ a pollutant responsible for acid rain. ,*2 isformed when sulfur in the fossil fuels combines with oygen during combustion. 4iveseveral ways to reduce the amount of acid rain produced by ,*2.

1"#. ;2/*2 fuel cells are gaining popularity as Izero emissionJ methods of poweringan automobile. @lectricity is generated when ;2 and *2 forms water. Kescribe someways that hydrogen and oygen could be produced for this reaction. Would these fuelcell cars really be zero emission?

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