ED 151 354

ODOMENT RES88E

SP 042 384,

Airrtio A ' Spwriarty, Dick,: Leduc, Farry . ,

TITLE. Public"Attitude Sur'vey of Canada,on 5ohool/Amated1-_ 1

- Sports, Amateur and Professional Athletics, and the ,

Effect Of T.V, Sports/Athletics Ag*gripssiori. - .

INSTITUTION' 'Windsor Univ. (Ontario).; Winysor Univ. ( tario).Faculty of Physical and Health Education.

SPONS,AGEkr National Association fos-Physical Education of- College Woken. pibana, Ill.; "Ontario Dept. of ,

Education, Toronto.; Ontario Royal Commission .=Violence in the,Commnnication Industry, Torontlik,

PUB DATE- 77. NOTE . *Luz.

EDRS PRICE NF -$0.83 HC-$7.35 Plus Postage.DESCRIPTORS -Aggression; *Athletic's; Forign C4ntries;

*Governance; Government Role; *National SurVeys;Private Agencies; *Public Opinion; Television'Research*Canada; *Ow ersip

ABSTRACTThis article presents the results of a public

attitude survey of a quota sample of approziiately 4,000 age,18,andolder Canadians, in which reppondents were asked.to.ezpress theiropinion' op who shotak own and operate professional athletics,national4and international amateur athletics, and-school/amateursport. iAttitude was also assessed on what form school/amateur .sportshould take, t.e., athletic eicellencepr:socializin4 'port. The_perception of TV athletic aggression upon family members and.responsibility for controlling level of TV athletic Aggression wasalso assessed. Approxim.ately-Ahree-quarters df the respondents feltthat professional athletic tteams should be owned and operated by someform of :private enterprise,, while the remainder felt that this-westhe government's responsibility (21 percent) or had no opinion (fourpercent).. Responsibility for ownership and operation ofnational/international,amateur-athletics was viewed mainly as theresponSibilitY of the government, with,only 18 percent attr4utingresponsibility to private enterprise. In terns of organizing andpaying for schoor/aaatenr youth spOrt; about halfrof the resOondgntssail this as a 4overnnent'resp6nsibility0 one - quarter as an amateurathletic organization responsibility ..and 14 percent as a sbhgol

, responsibility..the overwhelming malOrity of the respondents favored) socializing, sport as opposed to athletic exdpilence. Over 50 percent

of the respondents felt that TV little affectel themselves or theirfamily, members, in respect of athletic aggTession. When gupstioned diresponsibility for regulating the ,aggressiveness of T1 athletics, 70petcent indkcated a41etic.organizatiot responsibility, with theremainder split between- government,-network, and combinedresponsibility. (Author/113B)

-

Y.

44****************************4******************4******************** Reproductions' supplied by EARS are the best that can be made* 4 . from the original document.**********************************************************************

: ft..

t

I

P1mLic ATTITUDE SURVEY OF CANADAON SCHOOL /AMATEUR SPORTS, AMATEUR,AND) PROFESSIONAL ATHLETICS

'

AND THE-EFFECT OF T.V, SPOUS/ATHLETICS AGGRESSION

'by Dr. Dick Moriarty, Directipr of SIR/CAR* and 'r.e\ Dr: Larry Leduc, International Buqiness Study Research Unit

University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada'

This article repsrts the results of a national public attitude survey

on sport or/athleV,cs and TV conducted by the University of Windsor Sports

4

a

InsTute for Research/Change Agent Research (SIR/CAR) - International

BuSiness-Study Research Unit (IBSRU) , both of the University of Windsor

(in cooperation with the Elliott Research Corporation orToronto, Canada)

1

Preakatiorhestuamd,

The project team forttis attitude survey of the out-of-school tax-paying

public (eighteen years of age and'above) consisted of:

,1'. Dr. J. Alex Murray, Director of IBSRU and the Canadian-American Seminar

(Business Administration);

2. Dr. Larry Leduc,' IBSRU-SIR/CAR statistician and analyst

.Political Science);-4

3. Professor Mary Getace, SIR/CAR-IBSRU liaison and'me ia analyst

(Communication Studies);. '

F

4. *Dr. Dick Moriarty, Director of SIR/CAR and principal investigator

.on the studies reported;4.and

.

5. Prof or M'arge Holman Prpich, Associate Dikector of SIR/CAR and

editor of the studies reported.N

irk

1 ..

*SIR/CAR is the i-egisterd4 trademart name for theiSports Institute for Research/

.,.

. . .

ChangeAgent Reseadch which is housed in the University of Windsor Faculty ofHuman Kinetics. This'study was funded in part by the Ontario Ministry of Education,NAPECW/SCPEAM Scholarly Directions and Innovative Research.ponceptUalization Grant,

, and the Ontarip RpOil Commission on Violence in the Communications Industry./U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, 't pc ,?41`,',$(J.1 1'1 ,01'[`( ,H.11 t rf1r,S e ,

EDUCATION A WELFARE ", r:i i, pi- t,C . . ,,,, ,t.1() krTIO.... ',isms"' OF y . .EDUCATION

- THIS DOCUMENT HAS, NON REPRO-DUCED ExACNY AS RECENEO PROMTHE PER6ON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN'S(ATING IT POINTS Of VIEW OR OPINIONS'STATED 00 NOT NECESSARILY REPRE-SENT C4cicIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OPEDUCATION POSITION OR PM'

'Tr), Tolt (Jilt r

ir-fr (1101/, 71 1 I Lr.lif II If'1,I( I A'Jt) .-11[ f 111 11 ( ()Ntrik( TO12'

.6

e

4 ir

'Special ,donsultants included Mi Helen Gurney, Chief Edaation,Officer:

Student Planning and Egchange, Ontaric-Ministry of Education; EfecutiveSecretary

hey Goulding of the Ontarkd Federation of School Atbloitic Associations;/

t$. '

/ExeCueive Secretary Ted Emerson of'the Southwestern Ontario Secondary Schools

Asabciation; and associate principal investigators, Dr. Aral ccibe of the

Department of Psychology, and, Dr: Gordon Olafson, of the Pa lty of Human,

:AlKinetics, of the University of Windsor.

4. This report summarizes the public attitude survey degme t bf The Role;

of Interschool Sports in the Secondary Schools of Ontario, - ocus on SWOSSA

and OFSAA (Southwestern pntario Secondary Schools Associati n and OntariO,

Federation of School ikthletic AssOciations)1and Studies o Television .and

0.15* Youth 4ports: Laboratory/Field Research on'the Effects of ro-Social and

2Anti-Social T.V. Models on Children/Youth in tports/Athleti

The questions to,be asked on this survey were identifi,

of Windsor SIR/CAR.workshcp on "Socializing Sport or Athleti Excellence in'4

the Interface of,Secondary School Sport And Youth Amateur Athletics: A

Cooperative-Change Agent Research Project Involving Represen

at the University

tives of the. ,

Maritimes (Dean Garth Paton of UNB) ; Quebec (Dr. tiel Seluc of the '(Jniversity

...-of Ottawa and'forMerly of the University of Quebec at Montrei ); Ontario .

. . i

(Helen Gurney and IleV toglding ottSe,Ontario Ministry of Ed tion and OFSAA,

.respectively), and the.Prairilf and,the West fDr. Barry Mitche son of. the

University of Alberta) as well as representatives of the U.S. ational Feder on

of School Athletic Associat.ione'(Dr. Clif4brd Fagan)-; and representatives from'

the st e/provingial,regional, local and municipal school spqrt and athateur,

. *.-athletic organizations throughout Ontario, Michigan and New York.

,Procedure for` Collecting Data ti. ,

The questions contained below were initially pilot tested by the, IBSRU-.

SIR/CAR and subsequently included in the prbvincial sections ?Maritimes =14,478r:

.

Quebec = 1,090; Ontari6 = 1,4184 Prairies = 668; and British Columbia = 429) 4/

of the national survey (3,989 interviews) conducted annually'by the Elliott

Research Laboratoiles. The data and design for the survey is a national and

provincial sample controlled for province, urban-rural locatidn, age and sex.

The quotas for each of these categories are matched to Statistics Canada

estimates as shown in Table 1.

The-inteviewsare distributed among 94 interviewing areas across Canada.

Each of these areasis.subOivided on'thelasis of pop cation distiibution,

into a number of cells. tupervisors'then preselect cells for interviewing.

accordt6gto the systematic method. In each cell thus selected, erandom.

I

cluster of 10-interviews isieOnductqL by a trained field stall'', following route,

L'

.,

410 ...

,

,

---,_, .

patterns written 'out' each interViewer.by a superVisor for eigiyen area.% A

k ,

4

S'stematic procedures are used for the selection of respondents within

households.10 ,

The. large size of the national:saMple employed in these studied perpits40

accurate breakdown of. itatisticd for each province and region, an important

factor in Canadian surveys, as well As for population subcategories of'age,

. -sex, occupation,- political and unionuffiliation and economic status.

\. .

ft general; estimates of sample Variance for quota'sammOS will be la0er.

than .those for siMpte random samples,.but within, acceptable stastical limits f

A

if the overall sample site is large, and the sample carefdlly constructed..11.

Table 3.

WEIGHTS FOR NATIONAL 76

e

61

. ,Number of.Interviews

TOTAL CANADA 3,952%

Nova Scotia 191liew Brunswick \157Newfoundland 102Prince Edward ISland 28

Maritime's =478 ( 478)

cs

Percent of, Effective 'National Statistics

Weight Size Sample Canada

3,989 - 109.0%

Quebec = 1,090 (4090)

Ontario= 1, Q13 (1013)

Manitoba '1' ''' . '227Saskitchewari l'' 217 '

Alberta .390 , .80/

British Columbia

Prairies = 834 ( $34)

411.m 536 ( 536)

( ) = regions

URBAN-RURAL-

UrbanRural

SEX

-*ale

'Female'

AGE'

18-2930-49-50 and over

V

2,951.1,001

44.

1,9861,966

1,2521,712

988

f

.75

.751.00

.75

1.00

1.40..80.80

.80

4

100.0%

143 3.6, . 3.6118 ..___ 3.0 ".. 2.9 '

162 --,Ii 2.5 2,.421 -0.5 , 0.5

( 384) 9.61,090(1090)27.3 27.3 .

1,418 (1418)35.6 3611

482 4.6.

4.5174 4.4 4.0012: 7.8 7.6

( 668)16.7..429( 429)10.7 -10..7

, ----

3,027'- 962

2,0071,982

- 1,285

978

75.9.24.2

50.349.7

.132.1243.324,5

4

76.123.9

50149.9 1

33.541.6 '

4

Jr'

1.

i-

0,

el

),it

7 Table 2 provides clinservative estimates of aniple:error computed for these

'samples at the 9A level of confidence (2a). Daing_of the one of the surveyr.

I

*

'tables as an example (see 10) the estimate that 30.7% of the 1976-77

national 'respondents disagree with the statement "High School sports should be

Only for the best athletes" can be understood, as accurate within ±2%,taking

1e error estimate froi Table 2." CompaFable'estimates a sampling error can_

be obtained from such tables for eaph statistic included'iethe report.

The largesample size of both the national and provincial samples employed

in this study permits accuratelpreakdoWn of statistics for: :

1. The five regions of Canada .(Maritimes 384 = 91.6%; Quebecp1,090 = 27.4);

Ontario 1,418 = 35.6%; Prairies 668 = 16.7% and British Columbia 429\= 10%)

2. The ter\ provinces 4Newfoundland r NFL 102 = 2.6%; Prince Edward

Island - PEI 120 = 5%; New Brunswick - NB 118 = 3%; Nova Scotia - S

NS 143 = 3.t.%; Quebec - QUE.l,090 = 27.3%; Ontario - ONT 1,418 = 35.6%i

Manitoba - MAN 182= 4.6%; Saskatchewan - SASK 174 = 4.4%;AW r .

AlbertaL ALB 312-= 7.8% and British Columbia - BC 439 = 10.7ir

0

total for Canada 3,9139e 10013.

as well as subcategories:

1. Age (18-21 years 408 = 10.2%; 22-29 yeks 877 = 224; 30-39 years

946 = 23.7%; 40-49 years 779 = 19.5%.; 50-59 tars 479 = 12% and

over 60 years 499 = 12.5i,

s.

2. Sex (male 2,007 = 5g% and7female.1,982 = 49.7%)f,

3%, 'Demography (urban 3,026 = 75.9 %' and rural 962 = 24.1%);

4. Econaiic leVel (high 464 = 146%; medium. high, 1,556 1= 39%;

4

midi ,low 1,438 36% and low 5317= 13.3%)i

ti

1

76-

.

TABLE '2"

s.-

SAMPLING 'ERRoit AT 95% LEVEL OF OONFIDENCE (2q)

-t

6

FOR PERCENTAGES, BY REGION_(

.-'4PEROENTAGES'AZ4ROXIMATELY

N 10%

. g,

30% 50%

Maritimes 490 t (±6%

Ontario ±3 ±4 ±5

Quebec 1,060 t3 ±4 ±5

Prairie 840404- t3". ±5

',Britiafie/glumbia 550 ±4 ±5 ±6

NA,MONOL 44,_000 tl .±2 ±2

p-I

0.

I

r

-7-.

on ..(union 14374 =. 34.4% anilknon-uhion 2,615 = 6T01,

loyment leVel.(curreht4sraployed 2;271= 59% housewives

1,14A = 28.7%; retired' A0-P.

5-8%1' and, unemployed '340 8.5%) ; '4.

7. Occupation (white collar1,71/2 = 44.7%; skilled labbur'863 = 21.6%; -v

, . . --,L,_ ,,)

unskilled labour 6637.r16.6% and opera' 720'

= 18%); 11rt ,

.

48. Political party (Liberals - Liff--41:231 =.30.9%) lorb, Asive Conservatives-

\,

Conservatives -'t: -kis-4,

PC '1,106 = 27.7%; New DemoCratio party -, _1514(= 13:8 Val. - -----

i,k,4,4

Credit - SC '130 = .3.3% -and IndependehtsIA71

4'-"/

ilreatment of Raw D,apa

Processiqg an4 Analysis of Data

Elliott Research ,Coroporation,colleoted.the data by conducting interviews1:,,,

P4r

1

II I

---.. w,in the field and then converting the4raw data,tp b80- column IBM cards. The

cards were transmitted to the International Business Stud gearch Un SI/y CAR* . w

and processwd by Dr. Larry Leduc utilizing the Statigtical Packa or the ,

Social Sciences (SPSS - N/rsion6:.01)at 40 diaveisity of Windsor-Computer:

..., t..-,-A

Centre using the fBM 360-65 computer..,

sampleThe l for this test was 3,989 age eighteen and above taxpayers from)

Canada. illiott41'esearch Corporation conducted the'audio opinionliaire. They

hand-hUld the question Sheets, read the-quegtions to the respondents and then

recorded the response from among the alternatives listed.

Analysis- of 'Data

all

The'_ahalysis of the datklor the SIR/CAR-IBS/1U survey is reported below

under the major subheadings: (1) Canada Overall; (2) Five Regions and Provinces;

(3) Subgroup Response do the Basis of Age, Sex, Demography, Economic Level,-'

Union Affiliation, EmploymentStatus, OccupatiOn and Political Party.

ti)

/1 1..

V

i

$,

. I"

...Z.

t/5"8""

,.

. 1"

The statistical test employed was. C s4are 'trt for significance with

an .alpha level of .01, along with Cramer' s V an§'rendall's Tau Et and C toJ I - ss-\ I

determine the degree and direotikin of association.

1.f

1

a

0

4

4 4

lea

0

.r I

t -9-

School /Amateur Sport

4 0-

Q. 1 4wLooki:14 at 'the activity of orvnized sports in high schools, could,

1r"

you please tell in whether you strongly agree, disagree, disagree

-me

or strongly disigree with each Of the following: .

a) high school spOrtsshould only be for the best athletes. _

b) high schools shduld emphasize only a fealsports of high quality

c) high schools shoUld'maintain two levels of sports, one for the.

strong athletes andone for an average plaker

sports in,high school should by aveilabA' for everyone

regardle0fof ability

e) high sChools should emphasize as

of ability.

,o

O

ma7\Ir sports as possible

11

-1

1ft

f

IAI

.

r

10 t,,V at

respectiver with this concept. Only 5.7% either agreed or stronglyagreed,

.

(a)' HIGH SCHOOL SPORTS SHOULD ONLY Bt FOPTHtrBEST ATHLETES\,

.. OVA701.1.

JOitaverall response to t11s question indicated rather overwhelming .

opposi the concept that high school sports shoAld be ar4E.lor the best

3% eitherstrongly, dislgreed or disagreed (62.6% and 30.7 %,t-

(3.4% an4

5 Regions and 10 Provinces J.)

Chi squilTe analysie showed significant difference in the degree of opposititm.

.with British Columbia BC.strongest in opposition (95.7%) and the Maritimes.I ..

4.

weakest in opposition (90.9%). ,2i regtons Opposed an ithlitic excellence

4 .4

,program for only the best athletes; however, Ape limited support which Aid. .

...

-exist in general decreased fram East to West (Maritim6s% W6.8Quebec,ff.5%;

11.

Ontario 5,5%, Prairies 5.9%; and BC 3.3%):

Therewas' also a significant differencerence onka provinbial basis, with

Saskatchewan strongest in opposition (95.8i), follOwed closely by BC (95.7%),

Ontario (93.9%), Quebec and Prince Edward Island-PEI (92.8 %), Alberti (88:5%)Z;

New Brunswick-NB (82;8%), Novaificotla-NS (01.4%) and, Manitoba /77.410.

.%4a

Subgroups

-, .

All subgroup analysis Showed significant difference except economic level

and-sex. `profile of the respondent's showed young pity `dwellers and white

collar non -union workers stronciesillin oppobition; gand*older.fetired rued

Spcial:Crigit unskilled:41+n worke\s less opposed to,a 'best athlete'only' program.

11

'

,r NO ,OPINION1% AGREE

ONLY BEST ATHLEOS

CI

0

12%,

CANADA

4/14

.44

f

I

L f ND OPINION,

.. 2% I, GREE.

.. 7%

MARITIMES

2. QUEBEC

'

ONTfIgIO''

is

AI RIES,

NO OPINION1%

OPINIONGREE-.

6%

NO OPINION.;1%

5, BRITISH COLUMBIA,

-CANADA BY 5 'REGIONS) 13

1

Pi,

AG

RE

E. A

GR

EE

6%'

9.4%

I SA

GR

EE

.

* .

.

YEARS

18 - 21 , 96%1

ONLY BEST ATHLETES

STRONGLY DISAGREE DISAGREE ; AGREE , SIONGLY AGREE

22 - 29 9511 'i5%

, 30 39 941r 15%

'AO 49 . 951

50 759 -.. 9211

60 &. OVER 8611

.

51

71 *

1131

I

1 100 .90 80 -70. 60 50 40 30 20 10, 0 10 20 30 40 .'50" 60 : 79 80 9O

CANADVBY UNION .

/

r

ni

17

7

4*

\

'e.

-

NA. 1 (b) HIGH SCHOOLS' SHOULD E reiHASIZE ONLY A-P(EW SPORTS OF HIGH QUALITY

, .

. 4%Overall

; ,

Similar trends we vident on this question. In generatb there was' . /. .

disagreement with this suggeptiqn, although the percentage of disagreement. '

4

wad Overall,. 80;8i- eitfier strongly disagreed or disagreed (42% and4

. ,

38.8%) with the prospects, og high sceools emphasizing only a fey sports_ of

J .

high quality:

"

;--

P

. .,.. 'or' ' - . , '' . .

.. .9

.1' ' -5 FteaioltP and.l9 -Prqvipces, - --.. , ...

1wit4" thg first qufstioht sut:poit was -strongest iri the West and ..- ..., . ' ,

weakeit in the, Bast..;(9j88.4%; bntaip 8114.(9% ; Brairies,84% ;. as compared1. . . --.--. .

Quebec , :71.8%), -; Pr cialanalysis showedwith ,Haritimes,, *-46% ;

similar n

, - -

(24anItobl. highest

NqVa *Sokitizes'£3,5

,

to_

A . fopposition frOm West ta't, fith'screexceptions

-8*9..1h

f'pll'oWeo,.

by Sas* ka.' tchewan;.'Th+

88% BC,. 87.4 %;,'. ' ". .. ,

. ....... - .. ,,,,,,Oh.ario, ;343.9%*; ,as CortOpare,i, d with Newfoundland, -7.8-.6%;

- -..-,-.. ,

Alb,erta;. 78. 2%; Prince' Eclwaid.,. IsilthdenI,1 75 %;. QdrabeC, 71.8%; land New

, ,

,,-.. si. ; '"'" ' I.') 4 "'.' 1 '. .'; ..... ..-

trunswick, 67.5%).: Put:6no.'ther way, 'about :1/4 in sOthe prbvinces supported- . .. . T ' ;' .'''i I . .

thiS statement ,(QUe faedi.-.26(%; PEX, 5% n& /VW Brunswick, ..22k)'

4f

:. .4. . ,e - ,, ' '_ '

, ' I.' ' ' 1 . .." ' :. . .. . T. V

4,

. . I . : ' ' , . ' , S 13 kit ItRUP S.: A ' b " . ' ,

I ,V* e was signifisant.,ditferenee

.

inhfall ~subgroups except ,economics

0-,. - . . .. , I ' .

AA 4 ' A

4.

, .

sex and union 'affiriatj.on.

disagreement

agreement was

was stronger.. ,- .,. . - ,.,. . .

stronger in4the 'have note' than in the 'haves' Nnskilled labourers./ , - 2:t.---- r: , . ..,A. ....,,, . .

20.7% ),... white' wcollar orker's .13,.9%; retired 25.'3% > current employdd 15.5 %;,t, , , l

over 60 age 26.1% fo.118-21 "age,'11".%;' rural 19..8% > urban 16.4% iin reStiOns4 to

,when sub.grOup anitlyelis was Fonducted. In general,/.., . .. . . ' .

...

'in the 'haves ' than the 'have notst. aolf'bon'co.

.4.

tly_

strongly agiee or agree). P1(

.

/'

FEW SPORTS - EtGH.QUALI f`e..

NO OPINION 2%

Y.

MARITIMES

2. QUEBEC

))

NO OPINION4%

NO OPINION2%

'NO 00I ION

DBA REE.81

t

CANADA

( 1%

PRAIRIES

NO OPINIONAGREE...

NO OPINION

BRITIN COLUMillik

CANADA Bi5 REGIONS

:af

AQREZ

20

Yr

YEARS

1

4

FR SPORT - NIGH QUALITY

STRONGLY DISAGREE DISAGRE AGREE STRONGLY AGREE4

18 - 21 87%I

22 - 29 85%

.30 - 39 . 82%1 .,

40 - 49 80%1

50 - 59 81;

1117

114%

117%

60 & 0;ER 681t 1

_-

% 100 90 SO 70 60 50 40, 30 20 10

CANADA BY AGE

10 4 30 40 51p.

60 70 ' 80, 90

ti

24

f

\

FEW SPORT NIGH QUALITY,

- -STRONGLY DISAGREE DISAGREE .

. 11. 4

LIBERAL LIB ' ?CI% I .

PROGRESSIVE PC

CONSERVATIVE ,

NEW DEMOCRATIC NDP

PARTY

79%1

84%.I

SO.CIAL = SC- 76% 1

,CREDIT.

INDEPENDENT - IND - S2: I

2-5

,rAGREE

tt

119%.

118%

1 13%

4122

STRONGLY'AGREE's

A y

y

2 '190 90. 80.: 70 60,.. 50 '40 30 '20 .10:

.CAN'ADA BY PARTY .

10 30' 40 .50 60 i70 80 '90 I6C

. ,

2.6

trIt-- ', -12-

\.%.

1*(c) HIGH SCHOOLS SHOULD MAAIN TWO LEVELS OF SPORTS, ONE FOR THESTRONG ATHLETgS AND ONEJOR THE, AVERAGE PLAYERS --

,..,---/ ,

.: ,?-.

. ..,..

Overall 'Iv -s

SupRort for1the co cept of two levelsW441041iii.on in the high school

_k-

* sT.

VMS considerable. 62.5% strongly agreed or agredd'wien this conr_ept; 35.4%M

disagreed or strongly disagreed, while 2.1% no opinion.

4

..

5,Regionkand 16"Provinces-

4,Significant diffgrence of opinion c*f*regional and provincial basis

was,shown Jpc, 65.6% was'strongest in support,followed by Ontario, 64%;

irairies, 62i; mtillimes, 61.3%; and Quebec, 60.2%). In general, thdre

was a alight decline in support from West to East; hOwever,Ipn a provincialr

basis,dataArwe'd a different picture, with PEI and Newfoundlaml first andrtW

second in suppoit (82.11(fand 72.5%, respecti ), followed by Saskatchewan,

71.5%; Manitoba, 66.2%; and BC, 65.6%; followed in the'second half of the

ranking by Nova_Scotia, 65.5%; Ontario. 100 Quebec,

and New Brunswick, 42%. The fact that4 49.7%, or a plurality, in New

Brunswick oppOsed a two-level prograM or;spowed indifference by showing no:

opinioi (7.6%) accounts for the low rank of -the Maritimes on a regional basis.

Subgroups

\iv

Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference on,age; employment Status

and political affiliation. In those groups where a significant difference was

-detected it can be noted that the 'haves' Were higher in Opposition '(cdrrent

,

emploYed4

p'37.5% > unemployed 34.6%18-21 age group 39.1% > over 60 age 29.7).°

In terms of political affiliation, Social Credit-SC,' 42.3%; New Democratic Party-

. 1

NDP.3., 0%and Independent, 38% were appreciably higher disagreement or. ,

indifference aecomp&red to Progressive Conservatives-PC, 35% and Liberlia 27%.s: (r - ,*

2' Ole

'I5

ra

j 640.

es.

r

SCHOOL TWO LEVELS STRONG ATHLETE AVERAGE,PLAYEEi-

.10

2Z

4,

2a

rANAli4

.

AARITitiESCRY

DISAGREt

4%

4 ,DISAGREE

QUEBEC,' ).. .

s

2%

AGREE,

2%

3. ONTARIO

v

DISAGREE

'DISAGREE

PRAIRIES

I

DISAGREE

5. BRITISH COLUMBIA

CANADA BY 5 REGIONS

111111111,

AGREE

2%

1%

4

'1

4

MO

.

PIN

ION

'1%

NO

OP

INE

D10

%

AG

RE

E-

NO

0 IN

ION

5%

73% AG

RE

Eow

-r

NO

OP

INIO

N

ISA

GR

EE

22%

NO

oPrr

hoN

3.7%

I

*S

O%

AG

RE

EG

RE

E

V2%

,A

GR

EE

ISA

GR

EE

14.

3%

z

col 8 r p 2 r rn rn

ao

"rnr

n

rn

73 e

1

.44

410

A. 1 td) SPORTS HIGH SCHOOL' SHOULD BEyAVAILABLEFOR EVERXONE REGARDLESS

4.0F ABILITY

()Venal].

. --There was an ove helndng support for sports for all in high, school, with1!

95.9% strongly agreeior Agreeing and only 3.2% disagreeing or strongly,

disagreeing. '

5 Regiodlind 10 Pfovinces

BC, 98.4%, was strongest ih support, followed by Quebec, 96.5%;

Ontariio, 560%; Prairies, 954% And' Maritimes, with 90.4.in favour and 9%

4.41' /

against or expressing no opinion. Support existed in all regions and increased

as we go from east to west. On Aprovincial basis, PEI, 100%; Newfoundland, 96%;

Nova.Scotia, 97.4% join BC, 98.9%; Saskatchewan, 98.2%; Manitoba, 97.8%;

Quebec-17.496.5% and Ontario, 96.3% in strong support of-sports.for everyone in

high:scgbol. ,New Brunswick was ,weakest in- support, ,with .77 -.1% for and.N.9%

against or expressing no opinion.

p

'Subgroups

4

:Category analysis on cross tabffiStion of subgrbups showed significant

difference in categories for employmgnt.status, political affiliation,.economiC

,

level and age. For examplb, in terms of opposition,:retired q.7% >,employed 3.6%;* "-

.high income 5.7% ->low 2.9%; and a genera1,increase in opposition With age

'(3% against or indifferent in the 18-21 age level < 8.9% against or indifferent

_

in the over-60 age group).

. 32I

,e j

4

SCHOOL SPORT"FOR ALL

33

v.

. CANADA

1, MARITIMES.

QUEBEC'

ONTARIO

4; PRAIRIES

4

6% DISAGREE

3% DISAGREE/^--\

3% DISAGREE

4% DISAGREE

I5 BRITISH COLUMBIA

*CANADA'BY 5 REGIONS

..

,

l

I

..

. -14

0A. 1 (e) HIGH SCHOOLS SHOULD EMPHASIZE AS MANY SPORTS AS POSSIBLE REGARDLESS

OF ABILITY

/greed83.2% strongly agreed or /greed with this concept. 14.7% disagreed or

4,\)

strongly disagreed and 2.2% had no opinion;

5 Regions and 10 Provinces'

There was a significant increase in.regional support fro east to west

(Maritimes, 77.3%; 'Ontario', 81.3%; Quebec, 85:7%; Prairies 3.2%; and BC, 87.98)4 .!*

-4Simirarly, opposition and /or indWerenOe was strongest in t66.4kast ,(Maritimes,

22.7% > BC,V122%), On aprovincial basis similar trends were displayed with

oppos,ition or indifference strongest in PEI, 35.7%; New-Brunswipk,3034 >-

Quebec, 14.3% and,. BC, 14.2%). Throughout the rest of the-Canadian provinces

'opposition or indifference was less than 20% in all provinces and, indeed,

less than 15% in five of the provinces.

L

Subgroups

Sdbgroups showed a significant differenCe o mployment and age.. Support

was weakest among metired and unemployed in inverse proportion to, age

(the older age 'groups were weaker s4 rt of this position),

9

4

37

4.

,I

a 1

_r

MANY SPORTt'REGARDLESS OFApIlfTY

4

8

fANADA

w.

ts-

V

*A*

.

2. QUEBEC "

Kfr

igfTARIO,

4; PRA

BRITISH CON

.

" CANADA BY,5 REGIONS70-:

1164-

e

c

MEDI Uti HIGH

l

4.J

MEDIUM LOW'

LOI:t

_

SPORT -FORIALL - REGARDLESS OF ABILITY

', STRONGLY DISAGREE D1SAGREE. PfEE STRONGLY AGREE .

6% L 1 93%

3%

.3% I

I

a

Z- 101 vo 80 70 v60 50 40 30 20 10., -10 20 30 40 60 70 80 go 10,

*N, CANADA)). ONOMIC LEVEL

P.

4,1

4'4

`AN

.amiaa..11w

r"''

MANY SPATS ;REGARDLESS OF ABILtTY

-14

STRONGLY, DISAGREE DISAGREE AGREE STR1W AGREE

22

30 - 39.

40 - 49

50 - 59

& OVER

4

,

lox

ifs

13Z t1

4

1 89t

1 80%

1611

82%

7 186X

1 77%

"-..11r0 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 ID 20. 30 40 '50 60° 70 80) 90 r1

42 CANADA BY AGE 43.

eel

tr

-15-

Q. 2 (a) Who do you think should organize and pay for sports for

4

IP.

1

young people - the schools, government, or volunteer Orgeirizatienc,

such as Littli League and Minor Hockey?- 17

I. Schools

2. Government

43. Associations

4. No opinion 4

5.4' All three wI

6. Government and Associations

7. School and Governmebt

0( -School and Associations

9. Parents, Parents and SchoOls/Parents and Associations

40. Other combinations - lotteries, etc.

44

rd.

-16-

A. 2 (a) WHIIDO;YOU THINK SHOULD ORGANIZE AND RAYFOR SPORTS-FOR IOUNG PEOPLE -TRW-SCHOOLS, GOVERNMENT, OR VOLUNTEER ORGANIZATIONS SUCH AS

./ LITME LEAGUE AID MINOR HOCKEY?

. t-...,

Overall."

11 On the critical issue of who should organize and-pay for Sports for the\

young, 45.7% favoured government paying for the programs; 26.6%.favoured0

.

amateur associations'paying. faethe programs; and' 14.3% favoured the schools

paying for the programs. The iemaining'13.5% were divided among the other

'alternatives (no opinion, 4%; all three, 3.3%; government and associations,

2.44; schools and government,*1.9% ;schools andassociationr, .9%;and parents,fschools and association's,

4

5 Regions and 10 Provinces

Quebec was- stmongest in ooking to the government for organization and

support (61%), followed at quite a &trance by the Maritimes,..45.5%; BC, 42%;1,

Ontario, 41.7%; and Prairles, 29.5%. Maritimes, 31.94 were strongest In

support of amateur athletics associations organizing and paying for youth sports, with 4

a slight decline in support from east to west (Quebec, 24.2%; Ontario, 26.9%;

Prairies,- 27.8% and BC, 25.2%). In terms of school brganization and financing

'of sport-,.Prairies ranked. first, 20.7%; Ontario second, 16.8%; BLS third, 14%;

Quebec fourth,,9.6%; and the Maritimes las?,'8.1%. Attitude favouring cooperatiim

organization and payment is higher in the west (BC, 15.9% and Prairies,' 14,,8%)

than in the east (Ontario, 9.7%; Maritimes, 7%; and Quebec, 2%).

In terms of provincial attitude, we firid similar significant difference

...

of opinion, with exception of Saskatchewan, where associations lire ranked first,

24.9%, government second, 20.34; and schools last 12.4%. All-other provinces,

ranked government firlst, associations second and schools third in terms, of

responsibility for organizing and paying for sportsfathletics., T4pre was

/45

-

Yie

I

YOUTH SPORTS WHO SHOULD- ORGANIZE & PAY

AMATEUR

ATHLETIC,'

26%

SCHOOLS

14%

GERNMENT

95%

14,

-4GCANADA-.

a*

MARITIMES

2. QUEifiC

3. ONTARIO

Others 14%

Schools. 8%

Schools

Gov.

Others 6%

24% Assoc.

61%Gov.

Assoc.

-Q0ers

14: PRAIRIES .sck)91s

Gov.

Others

SSOC .

BRITISR COLUMBIA

CANADA BY, 5 REGIONS

A

f

qv

A. 2 (a) (cunt' d)

-17-

:considerable difference in the degree of support or the yarious.agencils.

For eicample, 6 of the 10 provinces showed 40 to 6 %-of the sample favouring

glhernment organfzatioh and payment (Quebec, 61.6 %; PEI, 51.1%; Newfoundland,

56.9%i Noire Scotia, 49-,.7%; iC,'42%; Ontario, 41.7%), whil, 4 sh lower

support for government-involvement (Manitoba, 36.4 ; New Brunswick, 35%;

Alberta, 30.5%; and Saskatcheuanfonly 20.3%). In general, 1/4 4pport amateur-/

dFa

athletic associations organizing and paying for youth sports (Newfoundland,

24.5%; Quebec, 24.2%; Ontario, 26:9%; Manitoba, 29.8%; Saskatchewan,/=

24.9%;

Alberta, 28.2%; and BC, 25.24),.with even more support in the Atlantic

provinces (PEI, 39.34; Nova Scotia, 35.1%Cand New BrunswiA, 31.1%). SUpport

a

or school organizaIion and payment of youth-sports is oighest in Alberta (26.9%),

r°west in PEI (3.6%)'and'in general, increases as we go from east to west

F

(Newfoundland, 6.9%; New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, 8.9%; Quebec, 9.6%;

Ontario; 16.8%; Manitoba, 18%; Saskatchewan, 12.4%; BC, 14% and Alberta, 26.9%).

1

Subgroups. .

In terms:of subcategory analysis, there.was a sigfifficant difference in ,

ipie. e

all gories on.thie highly controver2141 question of respqnsibliti for

.0

organizing -and financing youth sports.. Age'groUp analysis iholied 1/2 the young

. .

age group identifying government, 1/4 looking to amateur athletics associations,

15% favouring schools and most of the. remainder favouring-some combined effort

10% or so).. In the older-group there was a decline in support for ,government

organization and fihancing (18-21 age'group,'?!.2% > overi$0, age group, 40%);

increased support for the role,of amateur athletics associations in orginizing, :: . ,.:

. . . .

and paying for youth sports was.skowni(18 -21 age group,26.3% < over 60.age..-

group, 30.2%); and-there was consistent support for the role of, schools in

organizing and suppdrting youth sports (18721 age group, 11.5% andover 60

_ , 60

-

I

, eA. 2 (a) (contdd)

ok,

*.

age group, 14..5%). There was a marked trend uprd in support for-a cooperative

effort with increase in age (18-21' age group, 6.1%; 22-29lege group,8.6%;'

30-39 age group, 8.7 %; 40 =49 age group, 5.9% ; 50-59 age group, 9.7% and0 A

over 60 agegroup, 5.7%). Ur4an respondents identified government more {than

rural (47.8% > 38.8%), while rural wirelhigher ih support Of amateur athletics-

associations (32% > 24.9%1,1). In terms of politihal affiliation,inembeis of .all

.

parties perceiVed high responsibility in terms of government organization and

support otryouth sports (NDP, 52.8%; Liberal, 46.9%; Independent, 45w.3 %1 Social I

Credit, 44.3% and PC, 41.610 In political affiliation amateur-Nathletics/IL

, -

associations, responsibility wasconsistently in the vicinity of 20 to 30% and

school responsibility in the vioinity'of 12 to,16%. There -W-Pen no significant

diffeience'on sex or economii.level.. In other subgroup categories where

-significant difference existed we.find white collar, workers and skilled labourers

slightly more eupportive of cooperative responsibility in organizing and-funding/ -

youth sports (11% > 7%) and union workers slightly in support of

government involvement (49% > 43$)-

. .1

:10

Y'*

4.

V

51

- .

01.

'

/lot

100

COMM))

SCHOOLS

80

70

ASSOCIATIoyo

-

,. 4.

.b..

CANADA-/---,-,...,......;, ,LIBERAL

.

CONSERVATIVE' DEMOCRATIC. ,

, ' .PARTY ,., ...

, '52 ;-i "; dirr, . ';

M

a

WHO SHOUID ORGANIZE:&PAY i.-. YOUTH :SPORTS

4

93% 'to

14%87%'

77%

C

41,1120

;GOVERNMENT """7""10

0

30%

47%-"

!

es.

16%

29%

'4

2%

13%

o -I

A

731--9%

Nv.

53%

44%

4,

0.-i ;NEW .4

RED IT

; .

INDEPENDENT.

53

-19-

NationakInternational Athletic Competition

Here is a list, basic industries or institutions of Canada.:Tun

Some people think that -

1. Some of these indust4Aes'or institutions should"be owned and

operated by the Government ;

2. Others feel that they should be owned and operated by private

. companies;

3. Still others

private co

41.

.

feel that they shmullitbe owned and operated by

e% under Government supervision; and

Another g .feela that there is place for both Government,

and Rrivate companies in some of these industries.

UNDER WHICH SYSTEM,DO YOU THINK EACH OF THESE INDUSTRIES SHOULD OPERATE?

(ONE kIMBER CIRCLED OPPOSITE EACH bt' THEINDUSTRIES/INSTITUTIONS)

(a) National or InternationalAthletic Competitions - e.g., Olympics

(b) Professional Athletic Teams

Respondents were asked to.react to the que9tions above in order to assessIL

Canadian attitie, responsibility and right'in terms of ownership and

operation of athletic teams'involved in national and international competition

4 .

such as the Olympics and also professtonallathletic teams. Respondents

were provided " with the choices (1) Go

(3)

nt, (2) Private Companies,

Private Under GoVdrnment, (4) Both Government and Private or

H(5).11Pmfi't Know. This "data was controlled rdr region, province, sex and

t

analysis for OdOupation, employment status,.

. .

party, sexeeconomic level and demography.

age and also allogCsubgroj

union affiliation, politicalr

'r

.4

5.4

MN-

A. (a) UNDER WHICH S

-20-

YOU THINK EACH OF THESE NDUSTRIA SHOULD OPERATE?

S.

..( .Overa ll.6

National or International Athletic Competitions - e.g. Olympics

lurality (46.4

in A rms of ownership

athletic competition i

the respondents selected

Of Canadians fps! that the responsibility and right

operation, of national'and internationafteame for.,

Onli 18.6% of

rrivate companies; 16.6% selected private under

and

s the 4sponsibilib3 of the goVernmSnt.

govetnment; 14.9% perceived this as a

private and 3.8% had' no opinion.

shared responsibility of government andAt_

5 Regions anNOIRProvinces

On a ,regional basis, British Columbia was highest in selection of government%, 4 . .

(50.2%);0110Wed by Quebec, 48.3 %; Ontario, 47.3%; Maritimes, 46.3%, Ati*

the 'Prairies

other hand,

followed by

'

lOwest in selection of government, 39%2%. The Prairies, on the

were hi§hest,in'their selection of private companies 421.7%),,f

the6Maritimew, 23.5%; Ontario, 19.3%; British COlumbia, 17.4%;

and Quebec, 13.1%. British COlumbia; which wap strongest in its selection

'.""e....Overnment, was lowest in itb selection of government regulat4on tlk.2%).Irrt.

This position was substantially the same in the Prairies, 13.9%; Ontario, 14.3%;

and the Maritkmes, 14.5%. Quebec, on A other hand, shod 23.5% of the

of

1.

* respondents selecting government regulation. The support for joint'g.*Kernment..

and private responsibility in the 46 of national and international compet4imn

was highest in the Prairies, 18.1%, with a geneial droioff in the rest of the

regions (BC, 15.501htario, 15.3%; Quebec IWI;ssend Maritimes, 1116..

55

OWNERSHIP & OPERATION OF NATIONAL./

INTERNATIONAL ATHLETICS

ti

56

GOVERNMENT

46%

SOVERWAi& PRIVATE

15%

f

NO OPINION 3%

0

ley

MARITIMES

2,*QUEBEC

IF

ONTARIO

4, PRAIRIES

GOV REG

NO OPINION 5%

GOV &PRIV-

PRIVATE

GOV &PRIV

NO OPINION 3% PRIVATE'

GOV. REG 0

NO OPINION

01p1PRIV

RIVATE9% t

GOV RE

OV &PRIV

5, BRITISH COLUMBIA

PRIVATE.

GOV REG

11460V.

PRIVATiNO OPINION 4%

tANADA BY 5 REGIONS.

1 57

r

A. 3 (a (co t'd)

on(

.1

4

incial basis, plurality of the respondents in all of the

-21-

. ,

PcovinSes supported governMent ownership and oper4tion and over 45% in 6 of

the,10 provinces supported this position (PEI, 60.7%; BC,50.2%; Newfoundland,

50%;' Quebec, 483%7 Ontario, 47.3%; 'and Nova -Scotia, 45.5%). The Prairie

provinces were lowestoin their suprt of government, ownership and operationAh,

(Saskatchewan, 36.4%; Alberta, 38.2%vand Manitoba, 43.4%)"..- Selection of

. private companies for own shipand operation of national and international

.teams was strongest in th ritimes and Prairies (PEI, 32.1%; New BrunswAlik,

'26.1%; NeWfoundland, 21.6% and Nova Scbtia,,21,5% inqhe Maritimesiand.

/Manitoba, 26.8%, Saskatchewan, 224.4 and Alberta, 21.5% in the Prairies).

I >

,:Weakest support. for private ownership and operation 9f national and international4

6e--t

4 41

- cempetition was found in Quebec (13.1%); British Columbia (17.4%) and Ontario'- 1 1. .

(19.3%). Quebec was strOngestifi support of government 'regulatiqk (23.i%),

'while Prince Edward Island waklowest in tht country and in th itimeaPA(7.1%)and Nova Scotia was highest in the Maiitimes (17.3%). The rema

'provinces were In the vicinity of 12 to 15% in .support.of government regulation

(Saskatchewan, 120( New Brunswick, 12.1%; BrAish Columbia, 13.2%; Manitoba,

13.6%; Ontario) 14.1% and NewfoundlarM, 14.7%). In terms of ioint government,and-private ownership 'and' operation, Alberta was highest in support 022.8%)

and prince Edward,IslanFlowest (0%). As a grodi the Maritimes were lowest

in joint support (Newfoundland, 9.8%; New Brunswick, 10.2% and Nova Scotia,

14.1%) with the temaning provinces al relativeily low in support, .

'.(Quebec, 12%; Manitoba, 13.2%; Ontario, 15.3%, BC, 15.5%; and gaskatchmmen, 15.7%).

4ri

53

a

I

4

A. 3 (a) (coliti:d)

NI,

It to note that Saskatchewan with .1.5%.and New Brunswiqk with

Al2% in responding 'no opillionLere relatively high in ambpalence1 ...

10, %

indifference. The range in the remaining provinces on 'no opinion' was from

-22-

A% to 3.9%.

Subgroups

In terms of subgroup analys4, sighificant difference on`this queston

waiidentified on,all subcategories with the excerliOn of sex, economic levele

and union affiliation. Perhaps thl.most striking significant difference is

to be found in political party affiliation, The NDP was highest in support of

.

government ow r'ship and operation (49.7%), fplloWed.closely by the Liberals.

(48.7t)/ dents (46.2%),and'Progressive Cons4vatives Social.

4Credit were ldkest in support...of government ownership and operation (33.3%).

IPziyatewoynership and operation was most strongly supported by the Social-

7...,

.-

Credit t28:4%),followed by the NDP (2Q.1%); Progressive Conservative (19.6%),, .

Independents (18.4))

were also highest in

and last tile Liberals (16 %). The Social Credit respondentsqr .

support of government regulation (23.3%),,follqWed-by

the Liberals(18.5%1: The NDP was lowest ih support of goArnment regulation

. (13.4%) followed closely by. Independents (15.5%), and Progressive Copbervatiyes

(16.4 %). Joint government and private ownership-and operation in national

and international oompetition was the lowest su pported of the four alternatives

(Independents, 12.3%) Social Credit,2.9%; NDP, 13.1%; Liberals, 14.9%;

and Progreielve Conservatives, 16.9 sit

IT

59, p

100

WHO SHOULD OWN & OPERATE NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL ATHLETICS''

GOVERNMENT& PRIVATE

90

I.

PRIVATE

70

_

GOVERNMENT60____

REGULATION

50

20

GOVNNMENT

10

CANADA

60

80%

65%

-

=

15%

17%

-80%.

0

1/4

20%

16%

44%

20%

13%

-50%

91

t

6%-

26%

23%

33%

t4'. V

8 %

18%

I(4

LIBERAL - SERVAT I VE

L..,4

NEWDEMOCRATIC

PARTY'

SOCIAL'

CREDIT INDEP4IBENT.

'161

-23-

A. 3 (a) (cont'd)

Looking at occupations, as we go from white collar workers to skilled

labourers to unskilled labourers to.others we find a-general decline in support

for,government ownership and Operation (48.5% > 40.90; and increase in

support for pFivate,ownership < 19.6); or government regulation

(15.1% < 19.6%). White collar workers. support joint government and private

ownership and operation much more so than labourers - skilled or unskilled -

(16% > 12.6% ara 12.2%,-respgctively). In terms of occupation, currently

employed ird unemployed are higher in their-sqpport,of government ownership

and operation (48.8% and 50.4%, respeCtively) than are housewives and retired

(42% and 39.2%, respectively). On the oWer hand, housewives and retired

(19% and,22Ware much more optimistic on governpent regulation than current

employed or unemployed (15.1% "slisl 15.8%, respectively). .Botired are strongest

in their support of private ownership and operation (23.6%) as compared with

housewives (19.2%), current employed (18.3%) or current unemployed (14.7%)..

In terms of age, support of government ership and operation falls off

appreciably as we observe from youngest topOilest (18-21 age group) 54%;

22-29 age group, 48.7%;i30-39 age'group, 44.9%;,40-49, 48.4%; 50-69, 44.6%;e

and over-69, 37.7%). The opposite is true in terms of private ownership and

coperatkOn18-21, 14.1% < over.10, 23 %). Similarly, there is an increase in

"IL support for government regulation with age (1811 age group, 13.8% < 50-59

'age group, 19.8 %). 4DptimiSm togr joint' goliernment and private cooperation declines

with age (18-21, 15.8% > over-60, 13.2%) .

62

1'

I

-24-

A. 3 (a) (cont'd)

In terms of demography, urban dwillers see national and international

athletic competition as a government responsibility (48.5% > 40%); .whereas

rural-respondents perceive it as an area for private companies (21.7% >

or government regulation. (19% > 15.9%).o

Although there was not,a significant difference on economic level

p<.03) there was a trend in this direction showing that high and mediumlbigh

socio-economic' groups.see 'national' and, international competition as government

right and responsibility (51.4% and 47.3% > 45.5% and 42.1%)'; whereas low end

medium mow economic levels sef this as an area for privateetompany initiative

(20.2% and 18.7% > 18% and 18.1%).

e

63-"yr.__

.00

7.

4

N.

*

=25-I

a'Professional 'Athletic Teams ,

.- ._ ....,.

- .

A. 3 (b) UNDER WHICH SYSTEM DO YOU THINK PROFESSIONAL ATHLETI TEAMS SHOULD OPERATE?

1. Government 2. Private Companies 3. Private under Government regulations

4. Joint Government and Private 5. No Opinion . -.

cOverall

Professional Athletic' ms/

A plurality,14../.6%) of Canadians feel that professional athletics should,

..).-4-be owned .and operated by private industry. GovernmentOwnershiP and. operation

*f

fol owed a distant second (20.8 %), followed by government regulation (16,44:t)s.-

and joint government and private ownership and operation (9.9%). .Only 4.3% of

the respqndents had no' opinion' on this question. -

5 Regions and 10 Provinces

All regions had a majority favouring private companies owning and operating

professional athletics, with the exception of Quebec (30.6%). Ontario was

.highest in support of private company...!swnershiP and opetatiob (57.9%) followed

tb

by th Prairies (53.4%),- British Columbia (53.2%), and the Maritimes. (5148%).

In Quebec support for government lownership was substantially,split with 27.6%

favouring governmeht ownership and 27.5% favouring government regulation. Ins

all other regions government ownership exceeded government regulation (BC,

20.3% > 12.7%; Ontario, 19.1% > 10.8%; Maritimes, 18.9% > 13.5% ancf Prairies,

14,8% > 14%). Support for joint government and - private ownership and operation

was Worded by 9 to 12% of the people across the country (Prairies, 12.8%0

Maritimes, 10.5%; Quebec, 9.4%; Ontario and British Columbia, 91.

In terms of 'provincial analysis , 7 of thm,-10 provinces had a Majority

favouring private ownership and operation. _Manitoba was highest (64.9%),

followed by Ontario, 57.9%; PEI, 57.1 %; Newfoundland, 53.9%1 BC, 53.2%;.

Nova Scotia, 52.4% and Saskatchewan, 51.2%.. Quebec, although it had a plurality

favouring private ownership, ;;;as lowest insupPqtt of this sponsor' (30.6%),

64

t.

a.

.

I

/11

-

,

OWNERSHIP & opEkrqr OF PRoisfoNAL A-THI4TfCTEAAS:

6

4

Na 0P/N ON 4

GOVERNMENT 11'.

GOVERNMENT

21%

REGULATION'

16%10%

GOVERNMENT

PRIVATE

0

,,d

kill/ATE 49%

ft

4

I

c

CANADA

p

ay

, ,

a

I

c

4-

NO OPINION 6% OV REG

.)"/ GOV iglItik.,,M411-111EpS

sNotilt -.

2. QUEBEC

JP'. PRIV

NO OPINION 3%

% . NO OPINION 3%

.,..

.3: ONIN

GOV &PRIV

GOV REG:11%, .

OVAPRIV

PI .

. PRAIRIES

NO OPINION .6%

GOV

GOVREG ,

OVPRIV

4

NO OP INI ON146%V REGO

1P CVABRITISH COLUMBIA

*---4ANADA- 5 REG IOttS

.4t

20%RIV53%

PRIV

I

.111

-26-

A. (cont'd)

with Alberta and New BrunsWick showiligipluralities approaching .a simple majority

lAlberta, 47.% arvi New Brunswick, 48.4%). Alberta was the only province wiliph'

showed a'larger percentage favouring government' regulation as opposed to

government ownership And operation (19% > 133%). As indicated above, Quebec

was 4bstantiatly split with 27.64-favouring government_omiershipLabAL.2.7-54----,

'( i

------Ar

,favouring government regulation. Similar division of support exiskaer-f;TWew-7----,

Brunswick, with 14.6% favouring government own-Aship 4pd 12.7% favouring

government reg9lation. Prince Edward Island was highest in support of government

ownership and operation (35.7%). as compared with government regulation 17.1%),

followed by British Columbia, 20.3% >'12.7%; Newfoundland,19.6% > 12.7%; Nova

Scotia, 19.4% > 15.1%;jpntario, 19.1% > 10.8%; ..41catchiwan, 18% >.10.1%; andII

414anitoBa, 14.54 > 9:24. Alberta was strongest in support of jointgovernmentm'

and private ownership and operation 416.9i)f Prince Edward Island lowest (0%),. 10 .

laith the remaining provinces shgwing 8 to 12% ppport. The percentage of 'no

;.opinion' responses was high for New Brunswick (11.5%) and SaskAtchewarl (10.64);

Approximately 5% for NewfoUnOand, Quebec and British Columbia, with the

`remaining provinces recording 1 ,to 3%.

-411-

Subgroup

All subgroup analysis, with the exception ofeconom*c level, showed

skgnificant.diffeence. A14 political parties showed a plurality or majority

in favour of private ownership anlipperation of professional athletics

OrograssiVapnservatives, 52.4%; NDP 50.3%; Liberals and Independents"47%,

and Social COdit, 43.4.%Y...Only the SOciaL,Credit favOured gOvernment

er6gulation (23.1%)

44

over goverriMent(

ownerehip and operation (18.7%).it

.

4

67

a

..

`WHO SHOUT. OWN & OPE PROFESSIONAL ATHLETIC TEAMS

90

PRIVATE

70

f47%, -

60

".-GO/ERNMENT50 50%

- 91LATION

- 40.113%

30

20

GbVERNMEilT

10

.

tt

6 3tANADA

..

22%

4

is r

52i

48%11%

LIBERAL.;

32115%

. 50%

4

.4

C04gliVATIVE

NEr .

TIC

4

.

"II

SOCIALCREDIT-

..INDEPENDENT

69.

3 (b).(cont'd)

-27-

a

All other parties Showed a preference of government ownership over governmentw-regulatfOh (NDP, 24.3% > 12%; Liberals, 22% 2%; Independents, 21.1% > 15.5%;_ ..

and Progressive Conservatives, 17.7% > 15.4%). Sqpial Credit (12.9%) and. . ...

,. ,'

,Progressive Conservatives (1'1.1%) showed he higilest support for joint government:#1.--1 .

.

..and private ownership operation, whereasthe other parties were in_the,____,,,_.... ______A ,

. A.-

-* -SP' vicinity of 9%. 4.1.0,0.,,,,..

I.terms of occupation, as we go `from

labourers to unskilled 14bourers, thereggss a gehefal tncreiR for governmen

,

ownership and operation (20:3% < 23.6%)'and /or government.iegu atiqn (14.8%.I

bht a general decline in, support for private ownership and operation (52.2% > 48).

.

ft

ite collar workers to skilled

.

Housewives 445.4%) and retired (41.9%) were less supportive of private ership

and operation than, were current employed (50.9%) and more'suppOrtive of

Igolvernment regulation. (18% and 23.5%:>.,15.1%). Analysis of female and .mile'

-

respondent; Showed similar trends.

Analysis of,,,the various age groups shows a declihe indlupport for private

ownership and operktion (18 -21 age up, 56.7Ie> over-60,. 45.5%) and/0W' 1

gavernment i ctontrol-and operation (22-29 age group, 23.24 > over-60 age 4roup,

18.1%) but an increase in support for goLernment regulati (1'8-21 age group,

41 .13.44 < 50-59 agq group, 9.9t). _

,

,grban dweller's suppok government conttol and operation (21.94,ml:ie so#

than the rural respondents (17.5%).

,

4a

(

44

1

..gyp..

I,

,J

-28-

TV Sport/Athletic Aggression.

04,

Q. 4..4a) Ttiere has been gate a bit of talk lately about aggressiveness of

sports on T.V. Do you feel that aggressive-athletic competition

asshown on T.V. affects you or members of your family a great

deal, somewhat, a little, or not at all?

1 a,great deal 2.somewhat '3 a little 4 not.at all ,5 no opinion

IF ANSWERED "A GMAT DEAL" OR "SOME", ASK:). c

(b) Do you think this makes ioie aggreiiiVe Or-16IE aggressive

in theinown sports activities?

1 mire 2*less 3 noichange 4 no opinion

I

5,no reply

1

`st

(c) Do you-think that someth' g should be dons about aggressiveness in

sports on T.V.?

1 yes no 3 no Opinionak-

(d) Who ,do yo'll think 'should be' responsible for regulating the aggressiveness

in sports on T.V.: government, T.V. networks or athletic organizations?

1 government 2 T.V. networks 3 athletic organizations 4 no opinion4),

5-ail three 6 government'and T.V. networks 7 government and

athletic organizations 8 T.V: networks and athletic organizations

9 shouts' not be regulated 10 others,-parents, etc.

F

L

, 71.

ey.

L

a

A -29-

A. 4. (i) DO YOU FEEL THAT AGGRESSIVE ATHLETIC COMPETITION AS'SHOWN ON T.V.AFFECTSYOU OR MEMBERS OF YOUR FAMILY A GREAT DEAD, SOMEWHAT,A LITTLE QR NOT AT ALL? 4

4W

Overall 0,

The majority of respondents (55.8%) felt that aggressiVd athletic

competition as shown on T.V. dffected famiii=iembers not .at all'408.4%) or

only a little. bit (17.4%), as compared %rkth 41.8% who felt that it affected

family members somewhat (25.5%) or a great.deal (1g.3%).

5 Regions and 10 Provinces

Iron*ally, analysls on a regional basis showed Ontario; where the Royal

Commission on Violence in the Communications Industry has been functioning

for the past year, was highest (57.2%) in total response to 'not at all' (40.3%)

0 or 'a little' (16.9%). The other four regions were substantially 5 points

t.

lower in response to these items (Maritimes, 45.8 'not at all,' +-17,5 °a little'

53.3%; Quebpc, 36.1%C+ 17.7% = 53.8%; Prttiries, 35.4% + 18.2% = 53.6!Ond

British ColuMbia, 36% + 16.6%,= 52.6%). Concern was highest in Quebec, with

21.7% responding 'a girt deal' and 23.3% responding 'somewhat for a total4

of 45%. The Maritimes were lowest with 12.5% responding A great deal', and

,

18.2% 'somewhat' fhr a ,total of 30 7%.I

*Ontario had a total 0°41.3% respondinge:.

toirese two choices 414.1% 'a great deal' and 27.2% ''somewhat')-with theD

J

Prairids recording 42.6% (13.4% and 29.2%) and British'Columbia 44:4%

(17.9% and 26.5%4. The highest resporise of "no opinion' was recorded in the10*

. .

Maritimes (6.1%), whereas the response in the other four regions ranged from. ,

'

A1.1% to 3.7%.

14. A

N

4

-/

I

1

j,V ATHLETIC AGGR4SION - FAMILY AFFECT

NO OPINION

sit

73

CAN ADA

' 13-.;

NO OPINION 6% GREAT DEAL ,

12%

NOT

MARITIMESATALL

NO OPINION

QUEBEC'

3, ONTARIO

NOTATALL SOME

WHAT

LITTLE

SOME-WHAT

LITTLE

GREAT-JDEAI

NO OPINION 2% GREAT DEAL

NOTATALL

SOMEWHAT

L I TTLEr-

NO OPINION 4% GREATEAL

OME4 PRAI RIES HAT

NOTATALL

LITTLE4.

NO - OP I N I ON a% GREIRT

NOT AT ALL

5, BRITISH COLUMBIA

CANADA BY 5 REGIONS

EAL

26%WHAT

LITTLE

4

A

1,

A. 4 (a) (cont'd)

730-

On a provincial bdsis, Nova Scotia showed the largest percentage of

respondents indicating that T.V. athletic aggression did notliffect their .

,

family at all (52.4%) and was also highest on atcolpined-response for 'not

at all' .and 'a little' (17.3 = total 69.7%). Newfoundland recorded similar

responses ('not at all' 48t + 'a little' 19.6% = 67.6%). Ontario respondents

took a middle position on this issue (40.3% ,'mot at 1,11' and 16.9% 'a little'

57.2%). All of the other provinces had approximately 53% of the respbndents

indicating one bf these two choj.ces (PEI,not,st ill' 42.9% + 2a little' 10.7%

.53.6%; New Bruwwick, 36.3% t 17.2%-=- 53.5%; Quebec, 36.1% +.17.74 =_5.8%;

Manitoba, 34.2% + 19.7% = 53%; Saskatchewan, 35% + 18.9% = 53.9%; Alberta,.

36.4% + 16.9% = 53.3%; British Columbia, 36% + 16.6%A= 52.6%).4 In terns of, 0

concorn for the effect of T.V. athletic aggression, Quebec scored highest

45% (21.7% 'a deal' + 23.3% 'somewhat'). Of the 1Q provinces" 7were

in the 40-45% response on these items (BC, 17.9%'a great deal' + 26 ;5% 'somewhat'

= 44.4%; Alberti, 15.4% + 28.5% = 43.9%; Saskatchewan, 16% + 30V = 40.6 %;.111

Manitoba, 12.7% + 29.8% = 42.5 %; Ontario, 14.1% + 27.2% = 41.3%; and Prince

Edward Island,'21.4% +21.4% = 42.8%). Nova Scotia scored loweit on these

responses with 11% responding 'a great deal' and 15.2% ' sbmewhat' for alttIal

of 26.2%. °Newfoundland (8.8% + 20.6%= 29.4%). and NVw Brunswick-(x15.9% +

19.1% = 35 %) were at the same end of the spectrum.

r

J.

It

Pal

.ap nit

ti

SEAT

DEAL

:0

'

-31-

A. 4 (a) (cunt' d)

Sub r u

. , ..

Analyiis showed significant differen6e on all categOr, ies except political- N.

.

. .. . , . ,. ,

party and economic leVel. In tehm of occupation, skilled and unskilled

labourers perceived themselves as more impervious to the effect of.T.V. athletic

a.mlirras

aggression than did white collar workers (skilled labourers !not at all' 43%

a

1

and 'a_little' 15.9% 59%; unskilled labourers 'not at all'.41.7% and `somewhat`'

17.8% = 59% ?. white coll workers 'not:at a.11' 35.8% + 18.4% s 54.2%).

Similarly 45.5% of the white-col workers felt that family members. were P

affecited by aggresdion 'a greatdeal' doft'somewhat', as compared with 377:141

...

of the skilled labourers and 38% of the unskilled labourers. In terms of

Aployment, hOusewives are much more concerned about *the ffet ef T.V. than 'il

were %urrently employed; retiredor unemployed (housewives, 20.7% 'a great deal'A.

+ 26.2% isorltWhii' =1446:9i,> uneiloyed 14.% 4- 201,9% = 35.4%; ,retired 16.31

1 + 22% = 38.3% or currentlysemployed 14.4% +26.3% = 40.7%). Similarly, while

unemployed responded that athle4foaggression on T.V. affected teir family

. .

'''not at all',

(42.4%) drielittle' .(19.5%) for a total of 61.9E, housewives were- ,

appreciibly lower ('not at aft. 34.1 %'+ 'a little' )5.310 49.4!). quri-enty

employed and retired shaded '5.7.7% and 59.3%, respectively, indicating that

qr.:T.y.

,

athletic aggression affected their family 'not at all' or 'a lif.1eji.

. IAnalysis dt data on the basis of sex showed aeitilar trend with 60.9%. . ..-... I

Arthe men indicating little or no effect of T.V. aggression as compeffed.a

mo

with only 50.6% of the women. 48.5% of tht women felt that T.V. athletic:

-0

aggressibn affected their family 'a greack deal' (18.6%) 'somewhat' (27. .4 % .) -

as compared with only 374% o f, the men (sS great deal' 14.1% + tsomewhat' 23.2114.

'

78I

ima

.

_4,

11

it°

CU IFNI EMPLOYED

.

HOUSEWIFE

4 .

RETIRED-°"

Oro

a

I

TV ATHLETIC AGGRESSION FAM I61' AFFECT

NOT AT ALL A LITTLE SOMEWHAT

t

,Z 100

58x1

44,

r

-1) ,

.4"GREAT BEAU:,

.RYl%

*

4047 1..._-

*J 50%

592

52; )

,4t87,

135Z-

4

4

80 10 . '50 4040" 30 20 1Q 0 10 20 30, - 50, 70 SO. 90 :*

CANADA BY EMPLOYED.4.

VP

,11

11

80

-

Of age groUi4nalysis the ma it f that T.V. athletic aggression.

1n. does not affgct them at All or only a' little bit; however, there was aieneral

41decline with, age (18-21 age group, 'not Si all,' 45.8% + 'a little.' 18.7% = 64.5$4

- .

. )t2i29 age group, ,35.9%

40-49 age group, 3748%

*

19.9% = 51%8%; 30 -39 age'group, 35.7% * 18.8% = 54.5 %;'t

'14

15.7% = 53%; 50-59 age group, 43% = 56:4%

andLover-60 age group, 39:3% + 15.4% = 54.7 %). iSimilarly, in.the 18-21 age

group we find that only 11.6% feel that memhirs of their family are affected4

by T.V. athletic aggression (11.16%-'a.great deal' + 23% 'somewhat'), while in

4 -4$

the 40-49 age group 45.4% respqnded 'a great deal' (18.7%) or 'some;hati(26.7%).

Urban dwellers are slightly more convinced.thatvthere is little or no

effect (56.5% > 53.5%) than therural population.

'

I

4a

6a

-40

4

V

a

a

b

I

YEARS

ca!'"It

2129 ' .tf

30"6-.:1tA

411} -- 49

. 2

TV ATHLETIC AqGRESSICIN AIILY AFFECT.

o

NOT AT ALL A LITTLE SOMEWHAT

65%

O

'59% 1

*59

&oV4R

Nib

54%

53%1 .

- AIX,. I

' )

4

GREAT DEAL)

i

1 35%.

"I 427

143%

. 1.45%

40%

1--

', 7 100 90 40 70 60 ; 50 40 30 '20 0- 10.

42'50

82. , '

CANADA BY.AGE

.

ti I I A

-

156%

155%10.

s.

50 60. 70. -80 90.

. 8.3

.

a 4,,

.

.

-3:='1

. 40 I.

A. ,4 (b) IFNNSWEREp "A.6REAT DEAL"fOR "SOME" ASK:DOXOU -716 MIA. MAKES PEOPLE MORE AGGRESSIVE OR LES4,AGGREESIVE

0 : IN TpEIR OWN,SIPORI*--ACTIVITIES? '- , --- ',-- I -

.1-more 2 less 41-noechange 4 no opinion 5110wieply

/1.'

-:!!,------- *- .1.`"

A..-

: Overall

, o

Of thost who felt that T.1K athletic aggression had an effect upon their1.

failliesi 84.9%.felt that it made families more aggressive; while only a%

/ 7 4,

.-felt that itmade'them'14aggressive and 9.2% felt that there was.-no change.. .

, ...

14441°Regions and 10 Provinces

w

Quebec scored highestin conviction that T.V. athletic aggression made.

ftly meMbers,more-gggressive.(90.2%).but this position was also strongly

'supported.,in the other regions (Prairie$, 84.6 %; British Columbia, 83.2%; 3

I. ,..-

.. . . IN

Dio, 83.1% and Maritimes, 75.2A) The Maritimes were strongest in support

10- . - , till0

',ifor T.V. athletic aggppsioh making people less aggressiveg.(4.2%) followed --

w '' e

by Ontario, .31 v BC, and the Prairies, 2.4%. The-Maritimes similarly.

were highest in feeling that no change resulted in.family behaviour as a,result.

. 4.44.-

of T.V. athletic-aggression (11.6%)-ollowed by Ontario,-'10.7%; BC, 917%;

Prairiesk, 8.4% and Quebec;16.5%. 5' .°.,

i...

A

Jo ,

In.terme of provincial subgrOup analysis, PrinCe Edward Island (91.7%)AIR

and Quebec.(90.2%) were highest that T.V. athleitic:Competition

makes,farpily members more aggressive. New Brunswick, 67.31; Newfoundland,-7A :

. , 10 ''skatChew0..76.1% were lowest in percentage-response on this choice.'

ibe,five remaining provinces showed 81to 88% of.ihe respondents l ndicating44..- . ... _ .

. ,. . Aw .

6' ? that family members became sore aggressive (Ontario, 83.1%; BC, 83./11j.. . .

, . . 4 . -

.._,'Nova'Scotia, 84%;- Ma4tona, 85.g%; and

.Alberta, 810.31.1. ,Prince Edward Island

.' , , ; ' ./ /

je_ (8.3%) and Newfoundlnd (5.,7i) were highest in- indicating that' T.illathletic.:..Vr

, , , ...

competition made gamily members less aggressive, while theremainder of the4, jkiwor'ig.°- ,,

, c

provinces were In ifip). to 31,tegiondop response t6 this choice.,

*f 84

assms01111

Pb

TV'ATHLETIt AARESSION AFFECT- =

4 _

s

LESS 1%

0 CHAN

OR

OP I N I

6%

.

w,

MQ.RE

AGGRESS,N

LITTLE OR

NONE,

58%1_

Q.

85./

"ft

V.

CANADA

11

'LESS 1%* NO-OPINICAT-7%

4 MORE

1 MARITIMES

1111(8EC

sr

3. 4)NTARIO

PRAIRIES

4

BRItI§H COLUMBI'A-.

LESSlt NO

OPINION

5511

ONE/ ITTLE

NOLESS 111 '71

PI N.OION

1LESS 111 604°.01214ION

LESS .111

ITTLE

7% 4°'OPINION

t

CANADA .BY REGION( ..

ITTLE

$6. ;"

4% .

_s

A. 4 (b) (cont'd

'

-3

. * . 0 4

21.8% of the respondents in New Brunswick', 13.3%4 'in Newfoundland, I2.5%in.

SaskatChewan, 11.3% in Manitoba,:10.7% in Ontaiio,s9.7%in British ColuMbier

8% in NOva.Scotia, k.5% in Oiiebecv 4.7% in Alberta and 0% in PEI felt that

TOV. athletic aggre sion.resulted in no change in family behaiiour.. -

1,Stilyrduks, 411'

Trie,411y significant differdnce in sdbgroup'analysis on this itemJ....-__ .. . . , . 4. .was on political patty wherein a significantly higher percentage. of Social-

political

A ,

, Credit respondents Allidicated that T.V.I

-members more aggressive (98.6% > 80.1%

.1

athletic` aggression made faculty

- the other parties);.and

were'significaniy,lbwer in the percentage resporlet ,indicating'nd bhange' -

(1.4% < 8.4% - 11.§%). :

Note: it

felt that T.V.

The statisties

faMily members

(7

it

.

.

-', -

.should be xeijrated,

that the ,majority of 4poondets (58:1%).

4thietc aggressibrihad little or no effect up4 family metbert._. .

. . .

ne IVabove are. based on thoseryho indicated that it affected--

, o

or 'a great dei

i

l', 0

...,

\. A. -

I7

69

V ,

-

41.

. .1

I

-35-

b

So

IPPP

0

4 (c) DO YOU,THINk SOMETHING SHOULD BE DONE OUT AGGRESSIVENESS 'IN

-SPORTS ON T.V-.7- _

c41 yes 2 no 3 no opinion ;

Overilk

61.5% of the respondents felt that something should be .one about Till.-

aggression, while 26.2% 'responded 'nok','and L2.3% had 'no opinion'..

. Nh5 Regions and 10, Provinces

.

Quebec was Strongest in conviction that there should be action- (76.3%)./

Three of the other four 'regions showed a majority respording .(Prairisit,

63.1%; pc, 59.9% and Onta4o, 55.4%)., while only one region lacked a simple

majority on.this issue, and even here there was a plurality of 40.8% in the

Maritimes. A substantially equal number in the Maritimes (3-9.2%) responded

'no' to tbisassue, while ?0.1% had 'no opinion'. Quebec walowest in

oppodition"to action or no opint6n (14,2% auld 9.4%, respectively). In. Ontario

33.3% responded 'no' 044 11.4% had 'no opinion': Prairies and British,

Columbia Approximately 24%'esponded 'no' and the remainder had 'no opinion'.

On a:provincial basis, 7 of the 10 provinces showed the-majority

indicating that ''yes' something should be done about T.V. athletic aggression.

Quebec was strongest in this position (26.3 %), follbwed by Manitoba, 70.2%rt.

Alberta, 63.1.%i BC, 59.9%; Saskatchewan, 55.8%; Ontario, 55'.4% and PE/, 53%6%.

.

Two of the remaining 3 provinc sithOwed a plurality favouring action with

Nova Scotia, 43.5% and New Brunswick, 40.8%, while only one province showed

ab a majority opposing action (Newfoundland; 46.1% 'no' > 34.3% 'yes'). Quebec

was lowest in percentage indicating no action (14.2%). Three provinces showed

30% or more opposed to action (New Brunswick, 38.2%; Nova Scotia, 37.1 and

Ontario, 33.3%),, while the remainder showed 20 or more percent opposed to action

96

O

-SHOULD SOMETHING BE DONE ABOUT--TV-ATHLETIC-AGGRESSION.

1, MARITIMES,

NO OPINION 9%

2. QUEBEC*NO

NO-

27%NO OPINION 12%.

3, ONTARIO '*

NO ,OPINION 13,8

'CANADA .

' .. .

.4-)

`

4

NO OPINION 45%

5,- BRITISH COLOMBIA`

,CANADA BY 5 REGIONS

I

A. 4 (c)' ':teont'd

(Manitoba, 205%;

'No opiniim' was

in Manitoba, Queb

p.

4

- 36-

Saskatchewan, 24.4%; BC, 24.B%;. Alberta, 26.4; And PEI, 25%).

highest in the Maritimes and Saskatchewan...(19 - 21%) and lowet*

Aecl Alberta and Ontario C=8 - 11%). 15% of those itivBritish

Columbia responded 'no opinion':

Subgroups/

4,

.-

SubgroUp analysis showed significant difference in/qpiniOntin all rate ories

with the exception of economic level, demography and union.affiliation., .

Demand for action was highest among housewives (68.7%) and retired (65.1%)

and opposition strongest among the unemployed (33.3%), and currently employed

(29.9 %)'.

Women responded 66.4% and 20.9% 'no', which was significantly higher

than men, who responded 56.6% 'yes' and 31.5% 'no'.

White collar workers wa nted action more so than skilled andpunskilled

ribour (63.9% > 56.7 and 57.8%).(

In'terms of porttical,parties; all.fi4e patties showed a majority

L.respo ding 'yes', with the Social Credit and Liberals Strongest in their support./

(46roximstely 65%) , followed by the Progressive Conservatives and*NDP7, / .

,

.reiProxiikitely 60%)dand the NDP (56%). NDP'S were higiost in opposition to

action 62.6%Land Social Credit 19west 418.101..

1PIn terms of age group Onalysis, the youngest age groups are least inclined,

to something being done, the oldest most inclines (18 -21 age group, 47.4%

a plurality respondingc.yes' and oyes -60 age groUp, 68.8%). Conversely/among

°the younger age groups there is substantial opposition (18-21 age groUp, 39.9%_

-indicating 'no') as compared with the older age groUps (over-60 age group, 1/.1%

responding 'no!).

z

O

V

SHORED SOMETHING BE DONE ABOUT TV- ATHLETIC AGGRESSITI

MALE 32/1

FrALE

NO YES

~.

21% I

_ 157%

I

1 66i

t

7.100 90 80 70 , 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 . Qs 50 §0 70 80 90 In').. ',6 i .-. / I

CNIADA,BY SEX .

96 ..

r.4

LIBERAL

PROGRESSIVE

CONSERVATIVE .

NEW DEMOCRATIC

PARTY

SOCIAL

CREDIT

_1

INDEPENDENT

r

AMID S9METHINq BE DONE ABOUT TV ATHLETIC AGGRESSION

4.)40

.23%r

28%1

%

YES

L1

1 65%

-(561

4

'5%

1607,

--!7, 100 80 70 60 50. 40 10. 20 lo 10 20 3 40 50 '60

9CANADI,1 BY PARTY

A

fBO 90, tnq

98

.

YEARS

18 - 21

22 -.29

""' a

SHOULD SOMEIHING BE DONE ABOUT TV ATHLETIC ,AGGRESSION

Nd : , _ YES,

40% I

-

31% f

1 477,

3p - 39 26% I

1 597

.. 40 - 4.9 24% 'I

,b<4

50 59 201

60 8 OVER

d.

1 617

1 657 , \

1 65%

liF9%

lOR . g0 80- 70 ". 40 30 20 10 .0 10 20 30 40.50 60 70 8(} 9n%

CANADA BY AGE

r

t..

1())0 I1

4

-

-31-

ti

1

A

A. 4 (d) WHO DO YOU THINK SHOULD,1.BE RESPONSIBLE ,FOR REGULATING THE AGGREStIVENESS( IN SPORTS ON M.V.: GOVERNMENT, T.V. NETWORKS'ORATHLOIC OAGAHitATIONS?

. 1 government 2 T.V. networks 3'athletic organizations. '4 no opinionN all -three 6 goverhmet!t and t.V: networks 7. government and

athletic organizations 8 T.V. networks and athletic. organizations .

9 should not be regulated 10 others - parents/etc.4 .

p

4,4

N

Overall r, , /

In terms of responsibility for regulatingaggressieness in T.V. athletics

the Vast majority of respondents see the ithietii organizations directly

esponsibie (69.94), with the government p],aying'a seconvo-afiry role (11.1%) and.

,

? -ta

. T.V. networks ranked third (9.5%).% 6.4% expressed no opinion and the remaining,

..responden were sUbstantiaily.equally. vided among the remaining alternatives.

,

m0.

5 Regions abd 10 Provinces

In terms of regional analysis, them was sUbstantial agreement as to the1

r .- , -1responsibility of\athletic organizati- jonsfor regulating Tvi. aggression ,

(Prairies, 73.2%; ilq, 72.9%; QuOlec,69.4) Ontario,. 68.5 %; -and Maritimes, 66.1%),

. The role of the government showed more diversity of opinion with Abec showing. .

. g

the highest ercentage (15%) and the Maritimes and Prairies the lowest

P

(8.3% and 8.5 %, espeCtively). Britidh Columbia showed 9.5% in favour of

'4government regulation and Ontario 10.7%. There was similar disparity in the

role of T.V. networks in regulating athletic aggression. In general;/there..

was,a-decline inyercentage response fOr T.V. network regulation is we db from

east to west (Maritimes, 11-- Quebec, 10.1%; Ontario, 8.9%, BC, 8%. andI

Pcairies,16.7%).. t

In terms of provinCial analysis, all 10 provinces show- a majority indicatfng

that athletic organizations have -responsibility foe contipling.T.O. disports

aggression (Manitoba, 78.9%) Alberta, 75.4%. British Columbia, 72.9%;

Quebec, 69.9%; New, Brunswick, 68.8%= Ontario, 68.5%F Nova Scotia, 67.5%;

Sas)tatchewan,,63.1%; Newfoundland, 62.7% and PEI, 5'7.1%). Prince Edward-Island

7/ . 101

a,

1

100

90

80

70

60

50

30

20

10

0

WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR 'CONTROL OFTV ATHLETIC AGGRESSION

REtPONSIBLE,- CONTROL TV AGGRESSION

11

I

k

A

loxe

It

70%

-

9%

CAT1ADA GOVERNMENT.

10%

TV NETWORK. ATHLETIC

ORGANIMTIONS"!NATION':

104

k

a,

IS RESPONSIBLE f0;. CONTROL OF TY IITHL IC A6GRESO,O.N.

a.

4e `

/

I' GOVERNMENT

117?

.

ATHLETIC

'ORGANIZATIONS

4

NeljoPiNiON

,

. 1,. MARITIMES ' GOV

ti

ac con.

/

NOTPINrON

'TV

rI GOVr

,

" #

0.

V

, 'CANADA

l

t

/NO OPINION 9S°°

TV

i

Gov, AtiL).O'FitN/,

---- Pok.-,--4. ,

A

. . CCP'S fNO OPINIO 'jt% ."

POliCES.

TV

9ov

COMBNO OPINION 4% 5%

-TV

5. ,BRITISH COLU-FIBIA6?9

ge,

CANADA BY' 5- RE.cipfluc

ti

105,

COMBINED 7%

TV

GOV

COM J -NE D

TV

4tGOV' 6%

g

COMBINED 10%

TV

GOV

V

COMBINED 3%

TV

COMBINED

TV 10%

GOV

5%

fi

NO OP I NrON 9%

13%COMB

t-r-TV 9

GOV

,

NO OP IN ION

81

TV

GOV 7

I

Cr)

NO OPINION 8%

TV 7V

JOV

9,%

NO OPINION 8%

TV 6%

GOV 9%

NO OPINION 4 %.5% COMB

TV 8%

GOV

0 -38 -

A. 4 (d) (cont'd)

( : 4 ! ,

(17.9%) and Quebec (15%) are highest in support:

of government responsibilityl.I

.,.in this area and.New Brunswick,lowest (6.4%). The remaining provinces all

. %fall'within 7 to 11% (Qntario, .10.7%; BC, 9.5%; Saskatchewan, 9.2%; Nova tcotia,

8.9%; Manitoba, 7.5%; and Newfoundland, 7.8%). In terms of T.V. network

responsibility for controlling T.V. athletic competition aggression, the

,Maritime provinces of Nova Scotia, 20.9%; Newfoundland, 18.6%; and PEI,'17.9%

-

are relatively high; Quebec shdwed 10.1% favouring this amoach, while-the

remaining provinces faliThetWeen 6 and 8 % (Alberta, 6.4%; Manitoba, 6.6%;

BC, 8% g es int.

'no opinidlio, 14%, followkby Ontario, 9%; Newfoundland,, 8.8 %; Saskatchewan,

7.8%; Alberta and Prince EdWard Island, 7.1% approximately, with the remaining

provinces in the 2 to 4% raAge:

der.

Aubgroups

Subgroup analysis showed significant difference on political party,

occupation and demography.

All political parties were strongest in assignment of reeponeibilityI

for'regulating aggression in sports'to ithletic'organizations (NDP, 71.5%;

Liberals, 71.3%; PC, 70.4%; SC, 170.1% and Independents, - 66.7 %). Three

parties, assigned secondary responAbility to lie govirnment, wtth the television

networks a clbse third,(NDP,Al2.3% > 8.3%; Liberalfip.12% > 94%; and Independents-

11.7W`> 9). The locialCrecjit 13arty and Progressilre Coneervatives- ranked

*

,

T.V. networks second and government third4S0 15.3%-$ 9/::"IP441ad PC, 10.1% > 9.3%).,

Independents were strongest in support of some shared responsibility (4%),a

followed by PC (3.2%), Liberal (2.2%), NDP (1.1%) and Social Credit showing

only .6% Selectinisome'cooperative arrangement.

.

,f

100

COMBINED

90

GOVERNMENT80'

TV1(ET1:498110-"

S2;

80%

0

IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CONTROL OF.

TV ATHLETIC AGGRESSION

12%

9%,

ti

LIBERAL

1...

,.....".

'9%

10%

.70%

IP

....

amM

/-CONSERVATIVE,

V

I,

ftaf1 85/-,

8%

x

9;

15.%

4

4

12%

9%

60%

s--

DERSOCIAL INDEPENDENT

TIC CREDIT.

110

A. 4 (d) (conti-d)

. .

.: t , .,

On,the besis'of occupation, Ohite collar workers, skilled and unskilled11

* :-.___I ..

labourers and others assigned priMary responsibility'to the athletic organizations4

.'2(71.1%, 69.3%; 70% and 67,811; respectively). White collar workeri,ind skilled.1A- . ., 4

labourers" saw government With secondary. responsibility with. T.V. networks,, I, _

. .

third (11.4% >,8.1%, and 11.5% >.8.8%, respectively); unskilled labourers

'and others'saw the T.V. neiyOrks with secondary xesponsibility,. followed by .'

[

____governmetlt ( ,8% > 10.3% aid 11.5% > 10.9%). White cellar worker's ere twice. ,

..

'aiSirong in'support'for some coopdietive-responsib.lity as compar d withs/,the-aTtEer groups' approximate y % > 2%).

with primary respoy .

it '170:5%) yithgovernment second (11.8%)-aeld T.V.i

gi. '.

networks third (8.9 respondents similarly assi e '.primary6

i --1-, r ,.responsibility' to the, ow9mitatiOns (88:11), put .,reversed the statisticsf I o

iS

for second and'third,(T:V. hetworkb, 11.2% > government, 8.9%):, .

...H.

I.-

Teterms of demography, "Uirban dwellers sm.', the athletic'rganizations

os.

e`.

. 4k

1

1

a

41)

I -0

4

FOOTNOTES

1. 8el:Dick-Moriarty, Ann Marie'Guilmette and Prof. Marge Holman 64eds.)The Rol of Interschool S rts n the Seconds' Schools of OntarioFocus on SWOSSA and o AA, (Toronto, Ont.: The Ontario, Ministry of

41

Education, 1976).4107

2. A6 McCabe and Dick Morkarty, S-aLesofsionandYouthskte(Toronto, Ont.: The Ofteario Royal Commissiori on Violence in-theCommunications Industry, 1977). .:

NOTE; Both3stUdiei are,availablepfrom;the funding agencies and/pr theOntario Government Bobillic, 800 Bei, Gpreet, Toronto; Ontario.

t.

4 44.

..)

4

41.

1,

112

4

010 4,

t

S

.4

. A

1. NEWFOUNDLAND

7. MANITOBA

8. SA6KATCHEWAN

9. ALBERTA

10, BRITISH COLUMBIA

94% 1

94% t

88% t

'96% 1

2, PRINCE EDWARD SLAND 9321

3, NEW BRUNSWICK 83%

4, NOVA SCOTIA 81'2

5. QUEBEC 93% 1

6. ONfARIO

4 0,

4

ONLY BEST ATHLETE

STRONLY pISAGREE., plSAGRE \.. AGREE STRONGLY AGREE

I 6%

r

I 7%

A

L

1 17%

1 19%

7%

6%

771

1 6%

1 4%

1 23%

Aft

% 100 90 80 70 ,60 50 40. 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 5.0 60* 70 10 91

"CANADA BY PRbVINCE A

4-.

113 114

1. NEWF-OUNDLAND

2. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

FEW SPORTS - HIGH QUALITY

STRONGrDISAGREE DISAGREE ,

792

75%

5'

3. NEW BRUNSWICK 67% t

NOVA SCOTIA 852 I.

5; QUEBEC 712 )

I

6, ONTARIO 84% t

AGREE .

1 162

126%

.1 14%

MAN4TOBA 89%.1

. 8. SASKATCHEWAN 89% I

'1 10%

9. ALBERTA 1 9% 1

'1,0L BRITISH COLUMBIA 87% I

115

lir1 18%

----1 10%

STRONGLY AGREE. 4

' 2 100 90 410 7 -60. 50 40 30 20 10 0. 10 20 30 40 5 .430 70 80 90' 100

......' \-\ .

CANADA BY PROVINCE -

h

4P.* 116

is

R -7

"

.4s

NEWFOUNDLAND

2, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND.

3, NEW BRUNSWICK

4, NOVA SCOTIA

5, QUEBEC

6, ONTARIO

7, MANITOBA

8, SASKATCHEWAN

9, :ALBERTA

10, BRITISH COLUMBIA

a

°a./ SgiOOL = STRONG ATHLETE 841AVEPAGE PLAYLI;

DISAGREE ,AGREE STRONGLY AGREESTRONGLY DISAGREE

.43%

22%

-14.3% t

25%

39% I

32% I

32% :I

25% '1

43% 1.

150;

173%

.1 82%

I 65%

160%A

J 64%.

16629

32% .1

I 72% ,

154%

.166%

I%100 90 8fr 70 60 "50 '40 30 20 10 0'. 10 20 30

,

'4); .

CANADA' BY PROVINCE

`44

.4M.

4

a.

' sl A

.

40 50 60: 70 ry)

6 4.

d-

I

A

NEWFOUNDLAND

2. PRINCE EDWARD' ISLAND

3. UR BRUNSWICK

4, NOVA' SCOTIA

, 5: QUEBEC

t

6. ONTARIO

SCHOOL. SPORT FOR ALL

4111*

STRONGLY DISAGREE JIAG AGREE STRONGLY AGREE

7. MANITOBA

8. SASKATCHEWAN

9. , ALBERTA 4.t.,

10;`,_, BRITISH. COLUMIIIk,

tf

16% 1

1% 1

OX

1 96%

1% 1

177%

197%

1 96%

t9E%

1971

1981

I 92Z

0

100 90 80 70 60 50' 40 30 20 - 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1

CANADA BY fR0VINCE

. 120.:

1#

to

NEWFOUNDLAND

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

3. NEt BRUNSWICK

NOVA SCOTIA

5. QUEBEC

6. ONTART

7. MANITOBA

. 8. SASKATCHEWAN

-9; ALBERTA ,

10. 'BRITISH Ciii.111"BIA

121

*A

MANY SPORTS REGARDLESS OF ABILITY

STRONGLY DISAGREE DISAG7E AGREE STRONGLY AGREE

132 1

4

In 1 A 642

.282 1 1.632

132

122 1

162

112

10111

192 I

liz r

A

gn

. . .

S

187%

1 862

1 81Z

1 85%

4187%

1 79%

c 882,

2 100 90 80 -70 60 50 4O 30 20 10 0 10- 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 99 ,100.,

NN.

.

--122

1

ON

GR

DE

OM

EW

H

3%

/LI T

TL

-OP

I N

I ON

DE

OM

E6%

L.1

TT

LE

OP

INIO

N

LIT

TLE

2% N

O O

PIN

ION

qr

00P

I N

I ON

I TT

LE

NO

OP

I N

I

.G

RE

AT

DE

AS

OM

EW

HA

PIN

ION

68%

NO

OP

INIO

N11

%

GR

EA

T "

DE

AL

SO

ME

WH

AT

NO

NE

L I T

TLE

4% N

O O

PIN

ION

..

NO

NE

A. I

TT

LE

.43%

DE

AT

AL

/W

HA

TN

ON

a

TV ATHLETIC' AGGRESSION' -- FAMILY AFFECT .

'NOT AT ALL A LITTLE SOMEWHAT

1.. NEWFOUNDLAND

2. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND'

3. 11E4.BRUNSWICK

k. NOVA SCOTIA

5. OUEBEC

6

70% I

68% 1

.' ONTARIO

7. MANITOBA

8. SASKATCHEWAN

NO OPINION

2, 13ft

GREAT DEAL

53%. 1 1 43%

54% 1

, .

11;

47126%

135%

53% 11

145%

7.7

V% 1)11%

14

53% 1 1422

54%61

141%

at

. 9. ALBERTA 53% .1IP

144%

. . 7.

10. BRITISH COLUMBIk , 53%13 _

144%

% 1001 90 80 70 60 50 30' 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80. 90

. CANNIIVBY PROVINCE

41

.?' 5,

TV ATHLETIC AGGRESSION AFFECT

MORE

..... 4 k,i

.

4. ,

1. NEWFOUNDLAND . 2Ox 12%

2. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND - II 1111 39% I

a 4CIIV

47c. \

.3. NEW BRUNSWICK _ 24% i 17111

'NO OPINION .

OR :

*NO CHANGE

APF

LESS'

4. NOVA SCOTIA

5. 'QUEBEC

6. ONTARIO

7. MANITOBA

.8. SASKATCHEWAN

9. ALBERTA

10. BRITISH COLUMBIA

'12

/)

22% ,5%

41 I 1%

34% I 2%

36% I 0%

31%

39Z- I 2%,

37%4 1 I17

100 80 70 60 s' 50 40 30.20 10 0 10 20 30 40 .50 60 70 80 ."

CANADA BY PROVINCE

a

128

I

1. NEWFOUNDLAND

2. PRINCE EDWARD-ISLN 2

3. NEW BRUNSWICK

11; 110VASCOTIA

5. QUEBEC

6. ONTARIO.

7, MANITOBA

It SASKATCHEWAN4

9.. .ALBERTA

. 10 BRITISH COLUMBIA

SHOULD SOMETHING BE DONE ABOUT TV ATHLETIC AGGRESSION

6

, 462 t

NO YES .

25;

38% 1

3721

1 34%

1412

142 7

04%

33% t

212 1

242 1

26% 1

252.1

7r

55tr("""t

s2 (r.

1 567.

100 90' 80 73 60 50 40 30 .20 10

CANADA BY PROVINCE

9

1 632

-1602.

10 20 . 30 14 50, 60 70 _ 80 (1.1