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[TDX2] Future WSN Sensor Technology

Tom Weller

University of South Florida

Outline

• Overview – How Can We Build Better Sensors?

• Embedded Sensors

• A New WSN Concept

• Summary

How Can We Build Better Sensors?

• What is “better”?

How Can We Build Better Sensors?

• Let’s focus on cost and energy:

Embedded Sensors

• Applications

• Missions

• Challenges

A New WSN Concept

Channel

n-1

n+1

x2

Tran

scei

ver

Sensor

Sensor Node #n

High-QCoupled

Interrogator

fo

2fo

A New WSN Concept

Interrogator/CommunicationsUVM

Field Testing, Sensor/TransceiverUSF

Sensor Node

fo 2fo

- Humidity- pH

time

f (H

z)

node #

f o(H

z)

12

3

Concrete Structure

1 2 3

A New WSN Concept

A New WSN Concept

FDR

Transmitting SetupTransmitting Setup

Receiving Receiving AntennaAntenna

2.6 GHz

1.3 GHz

A New WSN Concept

A New WSN Concept

RXAntenna

TXAntenna

Stimuli-responsive sensor varactor to control frequency response of narrowband micromechanical multiplier

fo 2 · fo

+

-

Variation of node response based on sensor state

20nm Nitride Gap

Electrode

Disk Resonator

After HF40min Release

nitride etched

away at the edge only

A New WSN Concept

Summary

• All WSN applications present challenges, and some may not be feasible with current‐day technology

• Gain from optimizing individual pieces of a system eventually goes to zero  systems‐centric thinking can reveal unique solutions

• In the advanced WSN concept discussed here, where will the most energy be used?

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