Tasmania - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

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Tasmania

Flag Coat of arms

Slogan or nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle;

Holiday Isle; Tassie

Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas

(Fertility and Faithfulness)

Other Australian states and territories

Capital Hobart

Demonym Tasmanian, Taswegian

(colloquial)

Government Constitutional monarchy

- Governor Peter Underwood

- Premier Lara Giddings (ALP)

Australian State- Established as Van

Diemen's Land

1825

- Responsible

Government as

Tasmania

1856

- Became State 1901

- Australia Act 3 March 1986

Area

- Total 90,758 km (7th)

35,042 sq mi- Land 68,401 km2

26,410 sq mi

- Water 22,357 km2(24.63%)

8,632 sq mi

TasmaniaFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tasmania(abbreviated as Tasand known colloquially

as "Tassie") is an island state, part of the

Commonwealth of Australia, located 240 kilometres

(150 mi) to the south of the Australian continent,

separated by Bass Strait. The state includes the island

of Tasmania, the 26th largest island in the world, and

the surrounding 334 islands.[8]The state has a

population of 507,626 (as of June 2010), of whom

almost half reside in the greater Hobart precinct.

Tasmania'sarea is 68,401 square kilometres

(26,410 sq mi), of which the main island covers 62,409

square kilometres (24,096 sq mi).[9]

Tasmania is promoted as the natural state, the "IslandofInspiration",[10]and A World Apart, Not A World

Awayowing to its large and relatively unspoiled natural

environment. Almost 45% of Tasmania lies in reserves,

nationalparks andWorld Heritage Sites.[11]The island

is 364 kilometres (226 mi) long from its northernmost to

its southernmost points, and 306 kilometres (190 mi)

from west to east.

The state capital and largest city is Hobart, which

encompasses the local government areas of City ofHobart, City of Glenorchy, and City of Clarence, while

the satellite town of Kingston (part of the Municipality

of Kingborough) is generally included in the Greater

Hobart area.

The northernmost terrestrial point of the state of

Tasmania is Boundary Islet, anature reserve in Bass

Strait which, due to a quirk of history, is shared with the

state of Victoria.

The subantarctic MacquarieIsland and its surrounding

islands are also under the administration of Tasmania as

a nature reserve and part of the Huon Valley Council

local government area. The Bishop and Clerk Islets,

about 37 km south of Macquarie Island, are the

southernmost terrestrial point of the state of Tasmania,

and the southernmost internationally recognised land in

Australia.

Contents

1 Etymology

Coordinates: 42S 147E
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lara_Giddingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lara_Giddingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Labor_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Underwoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tasmania_in_Australia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tasmania_in_Australia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tasmania_in_Australia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Tasmania.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tasmania.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Tasmania.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tasmania.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Tasmania.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop_and_Clerk_Isletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huon_Valley_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_Straithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_Straithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonymhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality_of_Kingboroughhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality_of_Kingboroughhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality_of_Kingboroughhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality_of_Kingboroughhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Glenorchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Clarencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Australian_capital_citieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_East_Capehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Australia#Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_islands_by_area#Islands_25.2C000_km.C2.B2.E2.80.93250.2C000_km.C2.B2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australiahttp://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Tasmania&params=42_S_147_E_region:AU_type:isle_scale:2500000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop_and_Clerk_Isletshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huon_Valley_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macquarie_Islandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subantarctichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_Straithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_Islethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipality_of_Kingboroughhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingston,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Clarencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Glenorchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Australian_capital_citieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_East_Capehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Wildernesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_parkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Australia#Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_islands_by_area#Islands_25.2C000_km.C2.B2.E2.80.93250.2C000_km.C2.B2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_Straithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranked_list_of_Australian_states_and_territories#By_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia_Act_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_states_and_territorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Labor_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lara_Giddingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premier_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Underwoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_monarchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonymhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tasmania_in_Australia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Tasmania.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tasmania.svg


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Population (End of March 2012[1])

- Population 512,100 (6th)

- Density 7.24/km2(4th)

18.8 /sq mi

Elevation

- Highest Mount Ossa

1,617 mAHD

[2]

(5,305 ft)

Gross State Product (200910)

- Product ($m) $22,341[3](7th)

- Product per capita $44,011 (8th)

Time zone UTC+10 (AEST)

UTC+11 (AEDT)

Federal representation- House seats 5

- Senate seats 12

Abbreviations

- Postal TAS

- ISO 3166-2 AU-TAS

Emblems

- Floral Tasmanian Blue Gum

(Eucalyptus globulus)[4]

- Animal Tasmanian Devil(unofficial)

(Sarcophilus harrisii)[5]

- Bird Yellow Wattlebird

(unofficial)

(Anthochaera paradoxa)[5]

- Mineral Crocoite[6]

(PbCrO4)[7]

- Colours Dark green, red & gold

Web site www.tas.gov.au

(http://www.tas.gov.au/)

2 History

2.1 Physical history

2.2 Indigenous people

2.3 European arrival

2.4 Colony of Tasmania

2.5 Recent history

3 Government

3.1 Politics3.2 Local government

4 Geography

4.1 Climate

4.2 Soils

5 Ecology

6 Demography

7 Economy

8 Culture

8.1 Cuisine8.2 Events

8.3 Literature

8.4 Media

8.5 Music and performing arts

8.6 Tasmanian cinema

8.7 Visual arts

9 Transport

9.1 Air

9.2 Antarctica base

9.3 Road

9.4 Rail

9.5 Shipping

10 Sport

11 Notable people

12 Gallery

13 See also

14 References

15 External links

Etymology

The state is named after Dutch explorer Abel Tasman, who made the first reported European sighting of the

island on 24 November 1642. Tasman named the island "Anthony van Diemen's Land" after his sponsor

Anthony van Diemen, the Governor of the Dutch East Indies. The name was later shortened to Van Diemen's

Land by the British. It was officially renamed Tasmania in honour of its first European discoverer on 1 January

1856.[12]

Tasmania was sometimes referred to as "Dervon", as mentioned in The Jerilderie Letter written by the notorious

Australian bushranger Ned Kelly in 1879. The colloquial expression for the state is "Tassie" (pronounced

"Tazzie"). Tasmania is also colloquially shortened to "Tas" (pronounced "Taz"), especially when used in business

names and website addresses. TAS is also the Australia Post abbreviation for the state.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_postal_abbreviationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ned_Kellyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushrangerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jerilderie_Letterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Landhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_East_Indieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_van_Diemenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel_Tasmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explorerhttp://www.tas.gov.au/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_state_colourshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocoitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_Wattlebirdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Australian_bird_emblemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Devilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Australian_mammal_emblemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Blue_Gumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Australian_floral_emblemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Senatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representativeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Eastern_Daylight_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%2B11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Eastern_Standard_Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC%2B10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Australian_states_and_territories_by_gross_state_producthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Height_Datumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Ossa_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranked_list_of_Australian_states_and_territories#By_population


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Tasmania from space

Tessellated pavement, a rare rock

formation on the Tasman Peninsula

Autumn on the Derwent River in

Tasmania

The name for Tasmania in Palawa kani is "Lutriwita".(source?)

History

Main article: History of Tasmania

Physical history

Main article: Geology of Tasmania

The island was adjoined to the mainland of Australia until the end of the last glacial period approximately 10,000

years ago. Much of the

island is composed of

Jurassic dolerite intrusions

(upwellings of magma)

through other rock types,

sometimes forming large

columnar joints. Tasmania

has the world's largest

areas of dolerite, with many

distinctive mountains and

cliffs formed from this rock

type.

The central plateau and the

southeast portions of the

island are mostly dolerite.Mount Wellington above

Hobart is a good example,

showing distinct columns

known as the Organ Pipes. In the southern midlands as far south as

Hobart, the dolerite is underlaid by sandstone and similar sedimentary

stones. In the southwest, Precambrian quartzites was formed from

very ancient sea sediments and form strikingly sharp ridges and

ranges, such as Federation Peak or Frenchmans Cap.

In the northeast and east, continental granites can be seen, such as at Freycinet, similar to coastal granites onmainland Australia. In the northwest and west, mineral-rich volcanic rock can be seen at Mount Read near

Rosebery, or at Mount Lyell near Queenstown. Also present in the south and northwest is limestone with

magnificent caves.

The quartzite and dolerite areas in the higher mountains show evidence of glaciation, and much of Australia's

glaciated landscape is found on the Central Plateau and the Southwest. Cradle Mountain, another dolerite peak,

for example, was a nunatak. The combination of these different rock types offers incredible scenery, much of it

distinct from any other region of the world. In the far southwest corner of the state, the geology is almost

completely quartzite, which gives the mountains the false impression of having snow-capped peaks year round.

Indigenous people

Main article: Tasmanian Aborigines
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Aborigineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunatakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle_Mountainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queenstown,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Lyell,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosebery,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Read_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frenchmans_Cap,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartzitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precambrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandstonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Wellington_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurassichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_glacial_periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palawa_kanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_Derwent_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Autumn-in-Tasmania.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasman_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessellated_pavementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tessellated_Pavement_Sunrise_Landscape.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tasmania.A2005320.2355.250m.jpg


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The early settlers were mostly convicts and their military guards, with the task of developing agriculture and

other industries. Numerous other convict-based settlements were made in Van Diemen's Land, including

secondary prisons, such as the particularly harsh penal colonies at Port Arthur in the southeast and Macquarie

Harbour on the West Coast. In the 50 years from 1803 to 1853, around 75,000 convicts were transported to

Tasmania.[18]Van Diemen's Land was proclaimed a separate colony from New South Wales, with its own

udicial establishment and Legislative Council, on 3 December 1825.

Colony of Tasmania

Main article: Colony of Tasmania

The Colony of Tasmania (more commonly referred to simply as "Tasmania") was a British colony that existed on

the island of Tasmania from 1856 until 1901, when it federated together with the five other Australian colonies

to form the Commonwealth of Australia. The possibility of the colony was established when the Westminster

Parliament passed the Australian Colonies Government Act 1850, granting the right of legislative power to each

of the six Australian colonies.

The Legislative Council of Van Diemen's Land drafted a new constitution which they passed in 1854, and it wasgiven Royal Assent by Queen Victoria in 1855. Later in that year the Privy Council approved the colony

changing its name from "Van Diemen's Land" to "Tasmania", and in 1856, the newly elected bicameral

parliament sat for the first time, establishing Tasmania as a self-governing colony of the British Empire.

The Colony suffered from economic fluctuations, but for the most part was prosperous, experiencing steady

growth. With few external threats and strong trade links with the Empire, the Colony of Tasmania enjoyed many

fruitful periods in the late 19th century, becoming a world-centre of shipbuilding. It raised a local defence force

which eventually played a significant role in the Second Boer War in South Africa, and Tasmanian soldiers in

that conflict won the first two Victoria Crosses awarded to Australians. Tasmanians voted in favour of

federation with the largest majority of all the Australian colonies, and on 1 January 1901 the Colony of Tasmaniabecame the Australian state of Tasmania.

Recent history

The state was badly affected by the 1967 Tasmanian fires, in which there was major loss of life and property. In

the 1970s, the state government announced plans to flood environmentally significant Lake Pedder. As a result

of the eventual flooding of Lake Pedder, the world's first greens party was established; the United Tasmania

Group.

In 1975, the Tasman Bridge collapsed when the bridge was struck by the bulk ore carrier MV Lake Illawarra.This made crossing the Derwent River at Hobart almost impossible.

National and international attention surrounded the campaign against the Franklin Dam in the early 1980s.

On 28 April 1996, in the incident now known as the Port Arthur massacre, lone gunman Martin Bryant shot and

killed 35 people (including tourists and residents) and injured 21 others. The use of firearms was immediately

reviewed, and new gun ownership laws were adopted nationwide, with Tasmania's law one of the strictest in

Australia.

In April 2006, the Beaconsfield Mine collapse was triggered by a small earthquake. One person was killed andtwo others were trapped underground for 14 days.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaconsfield_Mine_collapsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firearmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Bryanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Arthur_massacre_(Australia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Damhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derwent_River_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MV_Lake_Illawarrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasman_Bridge_disasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Tasmania_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Pedderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967_Tasmanian_fireshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_Crosshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Boer_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_history_of_Australia_during_the_Second_Boer_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responsible_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicameral_parliamenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privy_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Victoriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Assenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_of_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_colonyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_South_Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macquarie_Harbourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_colonyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land


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Parliament House, Hobart.

The Tasmanian community has for some time been divided over the issue of the proposed Bell Bay Pulp Mill to

be built in the Tamar Valley. Proponents argue that jobs will be created, while opponents argue that pollution

will damage both the Bass Strait fishing industry and local tourism.

In January 2011, wealthy philanthropist David Walsh opened the Museum of Old and New Art (MONA) in

Hobart to international acclaim. Within 12 months, MONA became Tasmania's top tourism attraction. [19]

Port Arthur

Government

Main article: Government of Tasmania

The form of the government of Tasmania is prescribed in its

constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended

many times since then. Since 1901, Tasmania has been a state of the

Commonwealth of Australia, and the Australian Constitution regulates

its relationship with the Commonwealth and prescribes which powers

each level of government enjoys.

Politics

Main articles: Governors of Tasmania and Parliament of Tasmania

Tasmania is a State in the Australian federation. Its relationship with the Federal Government and Parliament are

regulated by the Australian Constitution. Tasmania is represented in the Senate by 12 senators, on an equal

basis with all other states. In the House of Representatives, Tasmania is entitled to five seats, which is the

minimum allocation for a state guaranteed by the Constitutionthe number of House of Representatives seats

for each state is otherwise decided on the basis of their relative populations, and Tasmania has never qualified

for five seats on that basis alone. Tasmania's House of Assembly use a system of multi-seat proportional

representation known as Hare-Clark.

At the 2002 state election, the Labor Party won 14 of the 25 House seats. The Liberal Party saw their

percentage of the vote decrease dramatically, and their representation in the Parliament fell to seven seats. The

Greens won four seats, with over 18% of the popular vote, the highest proportion of any Green party in any

parliament in the world at that time.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Greenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Labor_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_state_election,_2002http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_Transferable_Votehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_representationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_House_of_Assemblyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representativeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Senatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Constitutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Constitutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Port_Arthur_Panorama.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MONAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Walsh_(art_collector)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamar_Valley,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Bay_Pulp_Millhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_House,_Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CG-ParliamentHouseHobart.jpg


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Composition of the Parliament of Tasmania

Political

Party

House of

Assembly

Legislative

Council

ALP 10 2

Liberal 10 1

Greens 5 0

Independent 0 12Source: Tasmanian Electoral Commission

On 23 February 2004, the Premier Jim Bacon announced his

retirement, after being diagnosed with lung cancer. In his last

months he opened a vigorous anti-smoking campaign which

included many restrictions of where individuals could smoke,

such as pubs. He died four months later. Bacon was succeeded

by Paul Lennon, who, after leading the state for two years, went

on to win the 2006 state election in his own right. Lennon

resigned in 2008 and was succeeded by David Bartlett, whoformed a coalition government with the Greens after the 2010 state election resulted in a hung parliament.

Bartlett resigned as Premier in January 2011 and was replaced by Lara Giddings, who became Tasmania's first

female Premier.

Tasmania has numerous relatively unspoiled, ecologically valuable regions. Proposals for local economic

development have therefore been faced with strong requirements for environmental sensitivity, or outright

opposition. In particular, proposals for hydroelectric power generation proved controversial in the late 20th

century. In the 1970s, opposition to the construction of the Lake Pedder reservoir impoundment led to the

formation of the world's first green party, the United Tasmania Group.[20][20]

In the early 1980s the state was again plunged into often bitter debate over the proposed Franklin River Dam.

The anti-dam sentiment was shared by many Australians outside Tasmania and proved a factor in the election of

the Hawke Labor government in 1983, which halted construction of the dam. Since the 1980s the environmental

focus has shifted to old growth logging, which has proved a highly divisive issue. The Tasmania Together

process recommended an end to clear felling in high conservation old growth forests by January 2003, but was

unsuccessful.

Local government

Tasmania is divided into 29 Local Government Areas. Local councils are responsible for functions delegated bythe Tasmanian parliament, such as urban planning, road infrastructure and waste management. Council revenue

comes mostly from property taxes and government grants.

As with the House of Assembly, Tasmania's local government elections use a system of multi-seat proportional

representation known as Hare-Clark.

Geography

Tasmania's landmass of 68,401 km2

(26,410 sq mi) is located at , right in the pathway of thenotorious "Roaring Forties" wind that encircles the globe. The island is surrounded by the Indian and Pacific

Oceans and separated from mainland Australia by Bass Strait.

Tasmania has been volcanically inactive in recent geological times but has many jagged peaks resulting from

recent glaciation. Tasmania is the most mountainous state in Australia. The most mountainous region is the

Central Highlands area, which covers most of the central western parts of the state. The Midlands located in the

central east, is fairly flat, and is predominantly used for agriculture, although farming activity is scattered

throughout the state. Tasmania's tallest mountain is Mount Ossa at 1,617 metres (5,305-feet). The mountain lies

in the heart of the world famous Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park.[2][21]Much of Tasmania is still

densely forested, with the Southwest National Park and neighbouring areas holding some of the last temperaterain forests in the Southern Hemisphere.

42S 147E
http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Tasmania&params=42_S_147_E_region:AU_type:isle_scale:2500000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Hemispherehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle_Mountain-Lake_St_Clair_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Ossa_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midlands_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Highlands_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacial_periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_Straithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roaring_Fortieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_Transferable_Votehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_representationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_House_of_Assemblyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_Government_Areas_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_growthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Labor_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hawkehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Damhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Tasmania_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Pedderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lara_Giddingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hung_parliamenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_state_election,_2010http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bartletthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_state_election,_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Lennonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Baconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_(politician)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Greenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party


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Topography of Tasmania

Dove Lake and Cradle Mountain,Central Tasmanian Highlands

Wineglass Bay, in Freycinet National

Park

Russell Falls, in Mount Field NationalPark

The Tarkine, located in island's far North West, is the largest

temperate rainforest area in Australia covering approximately 3,800

square kilometres (1,500 sq mi).[22]With its rugged topography,

Tasmania has a great number of rivers. Several of Tasmania's largest

rivers have been dammed at some point to provide hydroelectricity.

Many rivers begin in the Central Highlands and flow out to the coast.

Tasmania's major population centres are mainly situated around

estuaries (some of which are named rivers).

The Derwent River flows south and reaches the coast at Hobart; the

Tamar River flows north from Launceston; the Mersey River also

flows north to the North West coast at Devonport, and the Franklin

and Gordon Rivers flow west and meet the coast at Strahan. The

South Esk River is the longest river in Tasmania. It starts in the

mountains at Fingal and flows through Avoca, Evandale, Longford,

Hadspen and finally Launceston. The river is dammed at Launceston's

Trevallyn Dam and used for the city's hydroelectricity. Although most

of the water is dammed at Lake Trevallyn, some flows on into theCataract Gorge, where it becomes a tributary to the Tamar Estuary,

and the outflow from the power station also joins the Tamar River

downstream of Launceston.[23]

Climate

See also: Climate diagrams of Tasmania and Climate of Tasmania

Tasmania has a cool temperate climate with four distinct seasons.

Summer lasts from December to February when the averagemaximum sea temperature is 21 C (70 F) and inland areas around

Launceston reach 24 C (75 F). Other inland areas are much cooler,

with Liawenee, located on the Central Plateau, one of the coldest

places in Australia, ranging between 4 C (39 F) and 17 C (63 F)

in February. Autumn lasts between March and May and experiences

changeable weather, when summer weather patterns gradually take

on the shape of winter patterns.[24]

The winter months are between June and August and are generally the

wettest and coolest months in the state, with most high lying areas

receiving considerable snowfall. Winter maximums are 12 C (54 F)

on average along coastal areas and 3 C (37 F) on the central

plateau, as a result of a series of cold fronts from the Southern

Ocean.[25]Spring is a season of transition, where winter weather

patterns begin to take the shape of summer patterns, although

snowfall is still common up until October. Spring is generally the

windiest time of the year with afternoon sea breezes starting to take

effect on the coast.

Rainfall in Tasmania follows a complicated pattern rather analogous to

that found on large continents at the same latitude in the Northern

Hemisphere. On the western side, rainfall increases from around

1,458 millimetres (57.4 in) at Strahan on the coast up to 2,690 millimetres (106 in) at Cradle Valley in the
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Oceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaweneehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Tasmaniahttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Climate_diagrams_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataract_Gorgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevallyn_Damhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadspenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longford,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evandale,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avoca,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fingalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Esk_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strahan,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersey_River_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamar_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derwent_River_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_rainforesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarkinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Field_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Fallshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Russell_Falls_2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freycinet_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wineglass_Bay_from_Lookout_crop.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle_Mountainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dove_Lake_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cradle_Mountain_Behind_Dove_Lake.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Topography_of_Tasmania.jpg


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Moulting Lagoon and Great Oyster

Bay with the Freycinet Peninsula in

the distance

highlands.[26]

There is a strong winter maximum in rainfall: January and February

typically averages between 30 and 40% the rainfall of July and

August, though even in the driest months, the number of rainy days

per year is much greater than on any part of the Australian mainland.

Further east in the Lake Country, annual rainfall declines to around

900 millimetres (35 in), whilst in the Midlands, annual rainfall is as lowas 450 millimetres (18 in) at Ross and generally below 600 millimetres

(24 in). The eastern part of Tasmania has more evenly distributed

rainfall than in the west, and most months receive very similar

averages.

The more densely populated northern coast is much drier than the western side, with annual rainfall ranging from

666 millimetres (26.2 in) in Launceston to 955 millimetres (37.6 in) in Burnie in the north west and 993

millimetres (39.1 in) in Scottsdale located further to the east.[27][28]Most rain falls in winter, and in summer the

average can be as low as 31 millimetres (1.2 in) per month in Launceston.

The east coast is wetter than the Midlands, with an average annual rainfall ranging from 775 millimetres (30.5 in)

in St. Helens to around 640 millimetres (25 in) in Swansea.[29][30]Here the rainfall is evenly distributed over the

ear, but can be very erratic as heavy rainfalls from the warm Tasman Sea are quite frequent. Whereas a three-

day fall of 125 millimetres (4.9 in) occurs only once every 50 years on the north coast, it occurs on average

once every four or five years around Swansea and Bicheno, and on 78 June 1954, there were many falls as

large as 230 millimetres (9.1 in) in two days in that area. The east coast is sometimes called the "sun coast"

because of its sunny climate.[31]

Several sections of inland Tasmania, together with Flinders Island, were declared drought-affected areas by the

state government in 2007.[32]

The highest recorded maximum temperature in Tasmania was 42.2 C (108.0 F) at Scamander on 30 January

2009, during the 2009 southeastern Australia heat wave. Tasmania's lowest recorded minimum temperature was

13 C (8.6 F) on 30 June 1983, at Butlers Gorge, Shannon, and Tarraleah.[33]

City Mean Min. Temp oC Mean Max. Temp oC No. Clear days Rainfall (mm)

Hobart 8.3 16.9 41 616[34]

Launceston 7.2 18.4 50 666[35]

Devonport 8.1 16.8 61 778[36]

Strahan 7.9 16.5 41 1,458[37]

Soils

Despite the presence of some quaternary glaciation, Tasmania's soils are not more fertile than those of mainland

Australia, largely because most are severely leached and the areas with driest climates (least leaching) were

unaffected by glaciation or alluvia derived therefrom. Most soils on the Bass Strait Islands, the east coast and

western Tasmania are very infertile spodosols or psamments, with some even less fertile "lateritic podzolic soils"in the latter region. Most of these lands are thus not used for agriculture, but there is much productive forestry

which remains one of the state's major industries.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psammentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spodosolshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaching_(agriculture)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strahan,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devonport,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarraleah,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butlers_Gorge_Power_Stationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_2009_southeastern_Australia_heat_wavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scamander,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flinders_Islandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicheno,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Helens,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottsdale,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freycinet_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Oyster_Bayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moulting_Lagoon_Important_Bird_Areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blick_ueber_Great_Oyster_Bay_zur_Freycinet_Peninsula.jpg


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Ferns in Hellyer Gorge, to the

northeast of Savage River National

Park.

Although Tasmanian devils are

nocturnal, they like to rest in the sun.

Scarring from fighting is visible next

to this devil's left eye.

On the north coast, apart from some relatively fertile alluvial soils used for fruit-growing, there are also deep red,

easily workable soils known as "krasnozems" ("red land"). These soils are highly acidic and fix phosphate very

effectively, but their extremely favourable physical properties make them extensively used for dairying, beef

cattle and fodder crops.

The Midlands and the Lower Derwent present a different story from the rest of the state. Owing to a relatively

dry climate and alkaline (mostly dolerite) parent material, these soils are relatively unleached and contain lime in

the deeper subsoil. They are mostly classified as "prairie soils" or "brown earths" and bear some resemblance to

the chernozems of Russia and North America, although they are much lower in available phosphorus and

somewhat acidic in the surface levels. Their higher nutrient levels, however, allow them to support productive

pasture, and large numbers of sheep are grazed in these regions. Some grain crops are also grown in the driest

areas. In the alluvial areas of southeastern Tasmania, rich alluvial soils permit apples to be grown.

Tasmania became known as the 'Apple Isle' because for many years it was one of the world's major apple

producers. Apples are still grown in large numbers, particularly in southern Tasmania, and have the distinction of

being the first approved by the Japanese government for import, due to their verifiable pest-free status.[38]

Ecology

Main article: Flora and

fauna of Tasmania

Geographically and

genetically isolated,

Tasmania is known for its

unique flora and fauna.

Tasmania has extremely

diverse vegetation, from the

heavily grazed grassland of

the dry Midlands to the tall

evergreen eucalypt forest,

alpine heathlands and large

areas of cool temperate

rainforests and moorlands in the rest of the state. Many flora species are unique to Tasmania, and some are

related to species in South America and New Zealand through ancestors which grew on the super continent of

Gondwana, 50 million years ago. The island of Tasmania was home to the Thylacine, a marsupial which

resembled a wild dog. Known colloquially as the Tasmanian Tiger for the distinctive striping across its back, itbecame extinct in mainland Australia much earlier because of competition by the dingo, introduced in prehistoric

times. Owing to persecution by farmers, government-funded bounty hunters and, in the final years, collectors for

overseas museums, it appears to have been exterminated in Tasmania. The Tasmanian devil became the largest

carnivorous marsupial in the world following the extinction of the thylacine in 1936, and is now found in the wild

only in Tasmania.

Demography

Tasmania's population is unusually homogeneous. The state receives relatively little immigration, and an

estimated 10,000 or fewer "founding families" in the mid-19th century are the ancestors of about 65% of itsresidents. As of 1996 more than 80% of Tasmanians were born in the state and almost 90% were born in

Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, and Ireland. The homogeneity makes it an attractive location to study

population genetics.[39]As of 2008, Tasmania is the only state in Australia which has an above-replacement
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_geneticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylacinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Largest_mammals#Marsupials_.28Marsupialia.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_devilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dingohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsupialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylacinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gondwanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_rain_foresthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_and_fauna_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernozemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doleritehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_devilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tasmanian_Devil_resting.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savage_River_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellyer_Gorgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hellyer_Gorge,_Tasmania.jpg


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Estimated resident population since 1981

Western Tasmania and South West

Tasmania with natural resources on

1865 map

total fertility rate. Tasmanian women have an average of 2.24 children each.[40]This is also the highest TFR

recorded in Tasmania after 1975.[41][42]

Major population centres include Hobart, Launceston, Devonport, Burnie, as well as the state's largest town of

Ulverstone excluding Kingston, which is often defined as part of the Greater Hobart Area.

Name Population

Greater Hobart 211,656[43]

Launceston 106,153[44]

Devonport 25,551

Burnie 19,160[45]

Ulverstone 10,500

Economy

Main article: Economy of Tasmania

Traditionally, Tasmania's main industries have been mining (including

copper, zinc, tin, and iron), agriculture, forestry, and tourism. In the

1940s and 1950s, a hydro-industrialisation initiative was embodied in

the state by Hydro Tasmania. These all have had varying fortunes

over the last century and more, involved in ebbs and flows of

population moving in and away dependent upon the specific

requirements of the dominant industries of the time. The state also has

a large number of food exporting sectors, including but not limited to

seafood (such as Atlantic salmon, abalone and crayfish).

In the 1960s and 1970s there was a rapid decline in traditional crops

such as apples and pears,[46]with other crops and industries

eventually rising in their place. During the 15 years until 2010, new

agricultural products such as wine, saffron, pyrethrum and cherries

have been fostered by the Tasmanian Institute of Agricultural

Research.

Manufacturing declined during the 1990s, leading to a drain of some

of the island's trained and experienced working population to

mainland Australia, especially to urban centres such as Melbourne and Sydney. Since 2001, however, the

Tasmanian economy has experienced a significant improvement. Favourable economic conditions throughout

Australia, cheaper air fares, and two new Spirit of Tasmaniaferries have all contributed to what is now a

booming tourism industry.

About 1.7% of the Tasmanian population are employed by local governments.[47]Other major employers

include the Federal Group, owner of several hotels and Tasmania's two casinos, and Gunns Limited, the state's

biggest forestry company. Small business is a large part of the community life, including such success stories as

International Catamarans, Moorilla Estate and Tassal. In the late 1990s, many national companies based their

call centres in the state after obtaining cheap access to broad-band fibre optic connections. [citation needed]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tassalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorilla_Estatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Catamaranshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunns_Limitedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Institute_of_Agricultural_Researchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrethrumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffronhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crayfishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abalonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_salmonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydro_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinchttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulverstone,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnie,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devonport,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingston,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulverstone,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnie,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devonport,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_fertility_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_West_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Coast,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WesternTasmania1865.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ABS-3101.0-AustralianDemographicStatistics-EstimatedResidentPopulationStatesTerritories-EstimatedResidentPopulation-Persons-Tasmania-A2060848V.svg


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Apparently the state's housing market was undervalued in the early part of 2000, and a large boom in the

national housing market finally made Tasmanian housing prices rise dramatically. This has in part been attributed

to increased levels of interstate[48]and overseas immigration. A shortage of rental accommodation has caused

problems for many of Tasmania's low income earners. Thirty-four percent of Tasmanians are reliant on welfare

payments as their primary source of income.[49]This number is in part due to the large number of older residents

and retirees in Tasmania receiving Age Pensions.

Culture

Cuisine

See also: Tasmanian wine

During colonial times the cuisines of the British Isles were the standard in most areas of Tasmania. Tasmania

now has a wide range of restaurants, in part due to the arrival of immigrants and changing cultural patterns.

Scattered across Tasmania are many vineyards,[50]and Tasmanian beer brands such as Boags and Cascade are

known and sold in Mainland Australia. King Island off the northwestern coast of Tasmania has a reputation forboutique cheeses[50]and dairy products. Tasmanians are also consumers of seafood,[50]such as crayfish,

orange roughy, salmon[50]and oysters,[50]both farmed and wild.

Events

Main article: List of Events in Tasmania

To foster tourism, the state government encourages or supports several annual events in and around the island.

The best known of these is the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, starting on Boxing Day in Sydney and usually

arriving at Constitution Dock in Hobart around three to four days later, during the Taste of Tasmania, an annualfood and wine festival. Other events include the road rally Targa Tasmania which attracts rally drivers from

around the world and is staged all over the state, over five days. Rural or regional events include Agfest, a three-

day agricultural show held at Carrick (just west of Launceston) in early May and the Royal Hobart Show and

Royal Launceston Show, both held in October annually. Music events held in Tasmania include the Falls Festival

at Marion Bay (a Victorian event now held in both Victoria and Tasmania on New Year's Eve), MS Fest is a

charity music event held in Launceston, to raise money for those with multiple sclerosis, the Lute Festival is an

early music event held in different locations in Tasmania every two years and directed by Susan King

(Tasmanian Lutenist) . Recent additions to the state arts events calendar include the 10 Days on the Island arts

festival, and MONA FOMA, run by David Walsh and curated by Brian Ritchie.

Literature

Main article: Tasmanian literature

Tasmania has a vibrant and growing literary culture. Notable titles include For the Term of His Natural Lifeby

Marcus Clarke, The Sound of One Hand Clapping, Gould's Book of Fishby Richard Flanagan, The Alphabet

of Light and Darkby Danielle Wood, The Roving Partyby Rohan Wilson, The Butterfly Manby Heather Rose

and The Year of Living Dangerouslyby Christopher Koch and children's books such as The Museum of

Thievesby Lian Tanner and Tiger Taleby Marion and Steve Isham.

Media

See also: Tasmanian Media
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_Talehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lian_Tannerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Kochhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Year_of_Living_Dangerously_(novel)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heather_Rosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Roving_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Flanaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gould%27s_Book_of_Fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Sound_of_One_Hand_Clappinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Clarkehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_the_Term_of_His_Natural_Lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_literaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Ritchiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Walsh_(art_collector)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MONA_FOMAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_Days_on_the_Islandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Susan_King_(Tasmanian_Lutenist)&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Lute_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS_Festhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marion_Bay,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falls_Festivalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Launceston_Showhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Hobart_Showhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrick,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_showhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agfesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Targa_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rally_racinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taste_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Dockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxing_Dayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_to_Hobart_Yacht_Racehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Events_in_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oysterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmon_(food)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_roughyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crayfishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Island_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascade_Breweryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boagshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_winehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_to_Australia


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The Princess Theatre and Earl Arts

Center, Launceston

Tasmania has five broadcast television stations which produce local content including ABC Tasmania, Southern

Cross Television Tasmania an affiliate of Seven Network WIN Television Tasmania an affiliate of Nine

Network TDT Ten an affiliate of the Ten Network (joint owned by WIN and Southern Cross) and SBS.

Music and performing arts

Tasmania has a varied musical scene, ranging from the Tasmanian

Symphony Orchestra whose home is the Federation Concert Hall, toa substantial number of small bands, orchestras, string quintets,

saxophone ensembles and individual artists who perform at a variety

of venues around the state. Tasmania is also home to a vibrant

community of composers including Constantine Koukias, Maria

Grenfell and Don Kay, who is the patron of the Tasmanian

Composers Collective,[51]the representative body for composers in

Tasmania. Tasmania is also home to one of Australia's leading new

music institutions, IHOS Music Theatre and Opera and gospel choirs,

the Southern Gospel Choir. Prominent Australian metal bands

Psycroptic and Striborg hails from Tasmania.[52]Respected noir-rock

band The Paradise Motel[53]and eighties power-pop combo The

Innocents[54]are also citizens. The first season of The Molewas filmed and based mainly in Tasmania, with the

final elimination taking place in the famous Port Arthur gaol.

Tasmanian cinema

Films set in Tasmania include The Tale of Ruby Rose, The Hunter, The Last Confession of Alexander Pearce,

Arctic Blast, Manganinnieand Van Diemen's Land. Common within Australian cinema, the Tasmanian

landscape is a focal point in most of their feature film productions. The Last Confession of Alexander Pearceand Van Diemen's Landare both set during an episode of Tasmania's convict history. Tasmanian film production

goes as far back as the silent era, with the epic For The Term of His Natural Lifein 1927 being the most

expensive feature film made on Australian shores.

Visual arts

The biennial Tasmanian Living Artists' Weekis a ten-day state-wide festival for Tasmania's visual artists. The

fourth festival in 2007 involved more than 1000 artists. Tasmania is home to two winners of the prestigious

Archibald PrizeJack Carington Smith in 1963 for a portrait of Professor James McAuley, and Geoffrey Dyer

in 2003 for his portrait of Richard Flanagan. Photographers Olegas Truchanas and Peter Dombrovskis areknown for works that became iconic in the Lake Pedder and Franklin Dam conservation movements. English-

born painter John Glover (17671849) is known for his paintings of Tasmanian landscapes. The Museum of

Old and New Art (MONA) opened in January 2011 at the Moorilla Estate in Berriedale,[55]and is the largest

privately owned museum complex in Australia.[56]

Transport

Air

Tasmania's main air carriers are Jetstar Airways and Virgin Australia; Qantas, QantasLink and Regional Express

Airlines have services from Tasmania. These airlines fly direct routes to Brisbane, Canberra, the Gold Coast,

Melbourne and Sydney. Major airports include Hobart International Airport (which has not had a regular
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobart_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Coast,_Queenslandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canberrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisbanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_Express_Airlineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QantasLinkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qantashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jetstar_Airwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berriedale,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorilla_Estatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Old_and_New_Arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Glover_(artist)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Damhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Pedderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Dombrovskishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olegas_Truchanashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Flanaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Dyerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAuleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Carington_Smithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archibald_Prizehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_the_Term_of_His_Natural_Life_(1927_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silent_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_cinemahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganinniehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_Blasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Confession_of_Alexander_Pearcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hunter_(2011_Australian_film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tale_of_Ruby_Rosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mole_(Australia_season_1)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Innocents_(Australian_band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Paradise_Motelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striborghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psycroptichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Gospel_Choirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IHOS_Music_Theatre_and_Operahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Composers_Collectivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Kay_(composer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Grenfellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Koukiashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotel_Grand_Chancellor,_Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Symphony_Orchestrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Broadcasting_Servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nine_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WIN_Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Cross_Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princess_Theatre,_Launceston&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Princess_Theatre_at_night,_Launceston.JPG


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A view of Hobart International

Airport.

The Spirit of Tasmanialinks the

island with mainland Australia.

scheduled international passenger service since the 1990s) and Launceston Airport; the smaller airports, Burnie

(Wynyard) and King Island, serviced by Regional Express; and Devonport, serviced by QantasLink; have

services to Melbourne. Inter-Tasmanian air services are offered by Airlines of Tasmania. Until 2001 Ansett

Australia operated majorly out of Tasmania to 12 destinations nationwide.

Antarctica base

Tasmania, Hobart in particular, serves as Australia's chief sea link toAntarctica, with the Australian Antarctic Division located in Kingston.

Hobart is also the home port of the French ship l'Astrolabe, which

makes regular supply runs to the French Southern Territories near and

in Antarctica.

Road

Within the state, the primary form of transport is by road. Since the

1980s, many of the state's highways have undergone regular

upgrades. These include the Hobart Southern Outlet, Launceston Southern Outlet, Bass Highwayreconstruction, and the Huon Highway. Public transport is provided by Metro Tasmania bus services within

urban areas, with Redline, Tassielink and Callows Coaches providing bus service between population centres.

Rail

Rail transport in Tasmania consists of narrow-gauge lines to all four major population centres and to mining and

forestry operations on the west coast and in the northwest. Services are operated by TasRail. Regular passenger

train services in the state ceased in 1977; the only scheduled trains are for freight, but there are tourist trains in

specific areas, for example the West Coast Wilderness Railway. There is an ongoing proposal to reinstatecommuter trains to Hobart. This idea however lacks political motivation.

Shipping

See also: Bass Strait Ferries

The port of Hobart is the second deepest natural port in the world,

second to only Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.[citation needed]There is a

substantial amount of commercial and recreational shipping within the

harbour and the port regularly hosts Cruise ships and occasionallymilitary vessels. Burnie and Devonport on the northwest coast host

ports and several other coastal towns host either small fishing ports or

substantial marinas. The domestic sea route between Tasmanian and

the mainland is serviced by Bass Strait passenger/vehicle ferries

operated by the Tasmanian Government-owned TT-Line (Tasmania).

The state is also home to International Catamarans, a manufacturer of

very high-speed aluminium catamarans that regularly broke records when they were first launched. The state

government tried using them on the Bass Strait run but eventually decided to discontinue the run because of

concerns over viability and the suitability of the vessels for the extreme weather conditions sometimes

experienced in the strait.[citation needed]

Sport
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TT-Line_(Australia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_Straithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_Janeirohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_Strait_Ferrieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Suburbs_Railwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Coast_Wilderness_Railwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TasRail_(2009)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huon_Highwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_Highway_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Outlet,_Hobarthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_highways_in_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Landshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingston,_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Antarctic_Divisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansett_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airlines_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devonport_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Island_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnie_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launceston_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS_Spirit_of_Tasmania_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Spirit_of_Tasmania_Port_Melbourne.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobart_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HobartAirportTerminal.jpg


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Bellerive Oval at night, during the

one-day cricket Australia vs England.

Main article: Sport in Tasmania

Sport is an important pastime in Tasmania, and the state has

produced several famous sportsmen and women and also hosted

several major sporting events. The Tasmanian Tigers cricket team

represents the state successfully (for example the Sheffield Shield in

2007, 2011 and 2013) and plays its home games at the Bellerive

Oval, Hobart; also the site of international cricket matches. Famous

Tasmanian cricketers include David Boon and former Australian

captain Ricky Ponting.

Australian Rules Football is also popularly followed, with occasional

discussion of a proposed Tasmanian team in the Australian Football

League (AFL). Several AFL games have been played at the Aurora

Stadium, York Park Launceston, including the Hawthorn Football Club and as of 2012, at the Bellerive Oval

with the North Melbourne Football Club playing 3 home games there. The stadium was the site of an infamous

match between St Kilda and Fremantle which was controversially drawn after the umpires failed to hear the final

siren.

Association football (soccer) is played throughout the state, with discussion of a Tasmanian Hyundai A-league

Club building on the existing Southern Premier League and the Northern Premier League. Tasmania hosts the

Moorilla International tennis tournament as part of the lead up to the Australian Open and is played at the

Hobart International Tennis Centre, Hobart. The Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race run every year between Boxing

Day and New Year since 1945, finishes in Hobart.

While some of the other sports played and barracked for have grown in popularity, others have declined. For

example in basketball Tasmania has not been represented in the National Basketball League since the demise of

the Hobart Devils in 1996.

Notable people

Main article: List of Tasmanians

Notable people from Tasmania include:

F. Matthias Alexander (18691955)originator of the Alexander Technique

Former V8 Supercar and current NASCAR driver Marcos Ambrose (20032004 champion of V8

Supercar)Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane and Primate of Australia Phillip Aspinall

actor Simon Baker, star of The Mentalist

Elizabeth Blackburn, first woman from Australia to win a Nobel Prize

Australian cricketer David Boon

Retired V8 Supercar driver John Bowe (1995 champion)

Bob Clifford, owner and founder of Incat

Robert Fahey, real tennis player.

actor Errol Flynn

world champion woodchopper David FosterJohn Gellibrand, founder of Legacy

drummer Dave Haley from technical death metal band Psycroptic and black metal band Ruins (metal

band)

composer Don Kay
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Kay_(composer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruins_(metal_band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psycroptichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Haleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gellibrandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Foster_(woodchopper)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_choppinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errol_Flynnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_tennishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Faheyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Cliffordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bowe_(racing_driver)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V8_Supercarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Boonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mentalisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bakerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phillip_Aspinallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglicanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcos_Ambrosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASCARhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V8_Supercarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Techniquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F._Matthias_Alexanderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Tasmanianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobart_Devilshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Basketball_League_(Australia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobart_International_Tennis_Centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moorilla_Hobart_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Premier_League_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Premier_League_(Tasmania)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmania_United_FChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL_siren_controversy,_2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fremantle_Football_Clubhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Kilda_Football_Clubhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Melbourne_Football_Clubhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellerive_Ovalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawthorn_Football_Clubhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurora_Stadiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Football_Leaguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_AFL_Bidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Rules_Footballhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricky_Pontinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Boonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellerive_Ovalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheffield_Shieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Tigershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_in_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-day_crickethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellerive_Ovalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:One-day_Cricket_Australia_vs_England,_Bellerive_Oval,_January_2011_(2).jpg


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author Christopher Koch

Joseph Lyons, Prime Minister of Australia

his wife Dame Enid Lyons, the first woman member of the House of Representatives

former ATP Tennis player David Macpherson

Crown Princess Mary of Denmark (Mary Donaldson)

author and permaculturalist Bill Mollison, Right Livelihood Award, 1981

dancer and choreographer Graeme Murphy

Cyclist Luke OckerbyAustralian cricketer Ricky Ponting

Cyclist Richie Porte

composer Peter Sculthorpe

actress Rachael Taylor

Truganini, last surviving full-blooded Tasmanian Aborigine

David WalshOwner and founder of MONA

Gallery

Mount Roland, Tasmania

Cataract Gorge,

Tasmania

Hastings Thermal Pool,

Tasmania

Antarctic Garden,

Hobart Botanical

Garden, Tasmania

Hastings Caves,

Tasmania

Old chocolate vending

machine at the Cadbury

factory in Tasmania.

Salamanca Market in

Hobart, Tasmania.

See also

Australia

Outline of Australia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MONAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Walsh_(art_collector)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmanian_Aboriginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truganinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachael_Taylorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Sculthorpehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richie_Portehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricky_Pontinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crickethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luke_Ockerbyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graeme_Murphyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Mollisonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_Crown_Princess_of_Denmarkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Macpherson_(tennis)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representativeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enid_Lyonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Lyonshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Koch


17/20



Indexof Australia-related articles

Australia at Wikipedia books

Listof amphibians of Tasmania

Listof schools in Tasmania

Protected areas of Tasmania

University of Tasmania

References

Notes

1. ^"3101.0 Australian Demographic Statistics, Mar 2012"

(http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/3101.0/). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 27 September 2012.

Retrieved 5 October 2012.

2. ^ ab"LISTmap (Mount Ossa)" (http://www.thelist.tas.gov.au/listmap/listmap.jsp?

llx=419200&lly=5363700&urx=420100&ury=5364300&layers=17). Tasmanian Government Department of

Primary Industries and Water. Retrieved 6 October 2007.

3. ^5220.0 Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, 200910(http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/Lookup/5220.0Main+Features12009-10?OpenDocument).

4. ^"Proclamation of Tasmanian floral emblem"

(http://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/tpl/InfoSheets/FloraProclamation.htm). Tasmanian Government Gazette.

www.parliament.tas.gov.au. 27 November 1962. Retrieved 23 Eanir 2013.

5. ^ ab"Tasmanian State Emblems" (http://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/tpl/InfoSheets/StateEmblems.htm).

www.parliament.tas.gov.au. 29 January 2003. Retrieved 23 January 2013.

6. ^Proclamation of Tasmanian mineral emblem

(http://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/tpl/InfoSheets/MineralProclamation.htm),Tasmanian Government Gazette, 4

December 2000.

7. ^"Proclamation of Tasmanian mineral emblem"

(http://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/tpl/InfoSheets/MineralProclamation.htm).Tasmanian Government Gazette.

www.parliament.tas.gov.au. 4 December 2000. Retrieved 23 January 2013.

8. ^"Our Islands" (http://www.discovertasmania.com/about_tasmania/our_islands). www.discovertasmania.com.

9. ^'Facts About Tasmania' (http://www.brandtasmania.com/show.php?ACT=Public&menu_code=100.1100)

BrandTasmania.com. Retrieved 15 June 2009.

10. ^"Tasmania Island of Inspiration"

(http://web.archive.org/web/20080125040942/http://www.tourismtasmania.com.au/vismktg/2007/island_of_ins

piration/phase12/index.html). Archived from the original

(http://www.tourismtasmania.com.au/vismktg/2007/island_of_inspiration/phase12/index.html) on 25 January

2008. Retrieved 31 December 2007.

11. ^"Complete National Parks and Reserves Listings"(http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/manage/parksres/reserves.html). Parks and Wildlife Service. 28 January 2013.

Retrieved 3 April 2013.

12. ^Newman, Terry (2005). "Appendix 2: Select chronology of renaming"

(http://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/php/BecomingTasmania/BTAppend2.htm). Becoming Tasmania

Companion Web Site. Parliament of Tasmania. Retrieved 26 August 2011.

13. ^"Tasmanian Aboriginal People and History" (http://www.aboriginalartonline.com/regions/tasmania.php).

Aboriginal Art Online. Retrieved 29 March 2010.

14. ^"Tasmania embroiled in dispute over white tribe of Aborigines

(http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/australia/1494037/Tasmania-embroiled-in-

dispute-over-white-tribe-of-Aborigines.html)". The Daily Telegraph. 14 July 2005.

15. ^Smith, Fanny Cochrane (18341905) (http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A110661b.htm) AustralianDictionary of Biography Online

16. ^Giblin, R.W. (1928) The Early History of Tasmania

17. ^"ANAUSTRALIAN CENTENARY." (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10571640). The Argus (Melbourne,

Vic.:1848 1956)(Melbourne, Vic.: National Library of Australia). 12 September 1903. p. 5. Retrieved 16
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Argus_(Australia)http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10571640http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A110661b.htmhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/australia/1494037/Tasmania-embroiled-in-dispute-over-white-tribe-of-Aborigines.htmlhttp://www.aboriginalartonline.com/regions/tasmania.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_Tasmaniahttp://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/php/BecomingTasmania/BTAppend2.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parks_and_Wildlife_Servicehttp://www.parks.tas.gov.au/manage/parksres/reserves.htmlhttp://www.tourismtasmania.com.au/vismktg/2007/island_of_inspiration/phase12/index.htmlhttp://web.archive.org/web/20080125040942/http://www.tourismtasmania.com.au/vismktg/2007/island_of_inspiration/phase12/index.htmlhttp://www.brandtasmania.com/show.php?ACT=Public&menu_code=100.1100http://www.discovertasmania.com/about_tasmania/our_islandshttp://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/tpl/InfoSheets/MineralProclamation.htmhttp://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/tpl/InfoSheets/MineralProclamation.htmhttp://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/tpl/InfoSheets/StateEmblems.htmhttp://www.parliament.tas.gov.au/tpl/InfoSheets/FloraProclamation.htmhttp://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/Lookup/5220.0Main+Features12009-10?OpenDocumenthttp://www.thelist.tas.gov.au/listmap/listmap.jsp?llx=419200&lly=5363700&urx=420100&ury=5364300&layers=17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Bureau_of_Statisticshttp://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/3101.0/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_amphibians_of_Tasmaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Bookshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book:Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_Australia-related_articles


18/20



anuary .

18. ^"Convicts and the British colonies in Australia

(http://web.archive.org/web/20100319134158/http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/convicts/)".

Culture.gov.au.

19. ^MONA takes top billing Trips The Mercury The Voice of Tasmania

(http://web.archive.org/web/20120501182239/http://www.themercury.com.au/article/2011/12/30/288361_trips.

html).The Mercury (30 December 2011). Retrieved on 16 July 2013.

20. ^ abDavies, Lynn (2006). "Lake Pedder"

(http://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/L/Lake%20Pedder.htm). Centre for

Tasmanian Historical Studies. Retrieved 6 March 2010.

21. ^Ridge, Justin. "Mt. Ossa, Tasmania" (http://tourtasmania.com/content.php?id=ossa). The Interactive Tour of

Tasmania. Retrieved 26 August 2011.

22. ^'About the Tarkine' Tarkine: Australia's Largest Temperate Rain forest (http://www.tarkine.com.au/).

Retrieved 15 June 2009.

23. ^'Statistics Tasmania, 2006'

(http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/bb8db737e2af84b8ca2571780015701e/BE97516E2870B5AFCA257

10E00756153?opendocument), Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 25 June 2009.

24. ^"Climate of Launceston" (http://www.bom.gov.au/weather/tas/launceston/climate.shtml). Australian BOM.

Retrieved 1 January 2009.

25. ^"Tasmania Climate" (http://www.world66.com/australiaandpacific/australia/tasmania/geography). World 66.Retrieved 1 January 2009.

26. ^"Cradle Valley Climate" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_096005.shtml). Australian

Government Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 1 January 2009.

27. ^"Burnie Climate" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_091009.shtml). Australian Government

Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 1 January 2009.

28. ^"Scottsdale Climate" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_091219.shtml). Australian


29. ^"StHelens Climate" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_092033.shtml). Australian


30. ^"Swansea Climate" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_092038.shtml). Australian


31. ^"Climate of Tasmania" (http://www.tchange.com.au/climate/climate.html). T Change. Retrieved 1 January

2009.

32. ^"Midlands Drought area" (http://www.farmpoint.tas.gov.au/farmpoint.nsf/v-

attachments/B314475C0B2942F0CA2572F7007EA8CD/$file/Midlands-drought-area-24July07.pdf). Tasmanian

Government. Retrieved 1 January 2009.

33. ^"Rainfall and Temperature Records: National" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/extreme/records/national.pdf)

(PDF). Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 14 November 2009.

34. ^"Hobart Climate Statistics" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_094030.shtml). Australian


35. ^"Launceston Climate Statistics" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_091237.shtml).Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 1 January 2009.

36. ^"Devonport Climate Statistics" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_091126.shtm).

Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 1 January 2009.

37. ^"Strahan Climate Statistics" (http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_097072.shtml). Australian


38. ^"Why is Tasmania called the 'Apple Isle'?" (http://tourtasmania.com/tasfaq/economy/apple.html). Retrieved 1

December 2012.

39. ^Rubio, Justin P. et al (May 2002). "Genetic Dissection of the Human Leukocyte Antigen Region by Use of

Haplotypes of Tasmanians with Multiple Sclerosis" (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC447590/).

American Journal of Human Genetics70(5): 11251137.

40. ^"Australia had baby boom in 2007: ABS" (http://news.theage.com.au/national/australia-had-baby-boom-in-2007-abs-20081028-5ag2.html). The Age(Australia). Retrieved 2 April 2010.

41. ^"3301.0 Births, Australia, 2008" (http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/3301.0?OpenDocument).

ABS.19 January 2010. Retrieved 2 April 2010.

42. ^Vaughan, Joanna (11 November 2009). "Highest birth rate in 38 years"
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401).Censusdata.abs.gov.au. Retrieved on 12 September 2013.

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(http://www.goway.com/). Retrieved July 2011.

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composerid=donkay) Tasmanian Composers Collective. Retrieved 15 June 2009. Archived at Wayback Engine.

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name=News&file=article&sid=329). www.themetalforge.com. Retrieved 6 March 2010.

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sk=info). Facebook. Retrieved 26 August 2011.

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55. ^McKay, Danielle (27 March 2011) MONA puts Tassie on map(http://web.archive.org/web/20110514201426/http://www.themercury.com.au/article/2011/03/27/217761_tasm

ania-news.html), The Mercury.

56. ^Shock of the old and new (http://www.smh.com.au/travel/shock-of-the-old-and-new-20110110-

19khn.html), The Sydney Morning Herald, 10 January 2011.

Further reading

Alexander, Alison, ed. (2005). The Companion to Tasmanian History

(http://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/). Hobart, Tasmania: Centre for

Tasmanian Historical Studies, University of Tasmania. ISBN 1-86295-223-X. OCLC 61888464(//www.worldcat.org/oclc/61888464).

Robson, L. L. (1983). A History of Tasmania. Volume I. Van Diemen's Land From the Earliest Times to

1855. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-554364-5.

Robson, L. L. (1991). A History of Tasmania. Volume II. Colony and State From 1856 to the 1980s.

Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-553031-4.

External links

Tasmania Onlinethe main State Government website (http://tas.gov.au/)Discover Tasmania (http://www.discovertasmania.com/)official tourism website

University of Tasmania Tasmanian photograph collection

(http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/collections/photograph.html)
http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/breaking-news/highest-birth-rate-in-38-years/story-fn3dxiwe-1225796497889http://eprints.utas.edu.au/view/collections/photograph.htmlhttp://www.discovertasmania.com/http://tas.gov.au/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0195530314http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0195543645http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/61888464http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCLChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86295-223-Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/http://www.smh.com.au/travel/shock-of-the-old-and-

Documents

Tasmania - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia