TASK 1.4

Digital Folio By: Leonardo Francisco

Hardware

Computer hardware is the physical part of a computer, including the digital circuitry, as distinguished from the computer software that executes within the hardware. The hardware of a computer is infrequently changed, in comparison with software and data, which are "soft" in the sense that they are readily created, modified or erased on the computer.

Examples of hardware

Motherboard CPU (central processing unit) Random Access Memory (RAM) Zip drive Hard disk Mouse Microphone Speaker Digital camera

Motherboard

Computer (system unit) and attached external devices.

Mouse

A mouse is a handheld computer two dimensional pointing device, designed to sit under one hand of the user and detect movement relative to its supporting surface. In addition, it usually features buttons and/or other devices, such as "wheels", which allow performing various system-dependent operations. Extra buttons or features can add more control or dimensional input and any computer input device is now being termed a mouse as a generic input device.

Operating a mechanical mouse.1: Moving the mouse turns the ball.2: X and Y rollers grip the ball and transfer movement.3: Optical encoding disks include light holes.4: Infrared LEDs shine through the disks.5: Sensors gather light pulses to convert to X and Y velocities.

Keyboard

A computer keyboard is a peripheral modelled after the typewriter keyboard. Keyboards are designed for the input of text and characters, and also to control the operation of a computer.

Physically, computer keyboards are an arrangement of rectangular or near-rectangular buttons, or "keys". Keyboards typically have characters engraved or printed on the keys; in most cases, each press of a key corresponds to a single written symbol. However, to produce some symbols requires pressing and holding several keys simultaneously, or in sequence; other keys do not produce any symbol, but instead affect the operation of the computer, or the keyboard itself.

scanner

In computing, a scanner is a device that analyses an image (such as a photograph, printed text, or handwriting) or an object (such as an ornament) and converts it to a digital image. Most scanners today are variations of the desktop (or flatbed) scanner The flatbed scanner is the most common in homes. Hand-held scanners, where the device is moved by hand, were briefly popular but are now not used due to the difficulty of obtaining a high-quality image. Both these types of scanners use a charge-coupled device (CCD) as the image sensor, whereas a drum scanner uses a photomultiplier tube as the image sensor.

Modem

A modem is a device that modulates an analogy carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data. Modems can be used over any means of transmitting analogy signals, from driven diodes to radio.

Modem

Monitor

A monitor is a device that can display signals generated by a computer as images on a screen. There are many types of monitors, but they generally conform to display standards. Once an essential component of computer terminals, computer displays have long since become standardised peripherals in their own right.

Printer

A printer is a device that produces hard copy (permanent human-readable text and/or graphics of documents stored in electronic form, usually on physical print media such as paper or transparencies). Many printers are primarily used as computer peripherals, and are permanently attached to a computer which serves as a document source.

Printer

Microphone

A microphone, sometimes referred to as a mike or mic : is an acoustic to electric transducer or sensor that converts sound into an electrical signal.

Microphones are used in many applications such as telephones, tape recorders, hearing aids, motion picture production, live and recorded audio engineering, in radio and television broadcasting and in computers for recording voice, VoIP, and for non-acoustic purposes such as ultrasonic checking.

Speaker

is an electromechanical device which converts an electrical signal into sound. The term loudspeaker is used for both individual devices and for complete systems consisting of one or more drivers.

Loudspeakers are used in numerous applications from hearing aids to air raid sirens.

Loudspeakers are the most variable elements in any audio system, no matter the cost, and may be responsible for marked audible differences between otherwise identical systems.

Digital camera

Digital camera

A digital camera is an electronic device used to capture and store photographs electronically in a digital format, instead of using photographic film like conventional cameras, or recording images in an analog format to magnetic tape like many video cameras. Modern compact digital cameras are typically multifunctional, with some devices capable of recording sound and/or video as well as photographs.

Networking hardware

Networking hardware typically refers to equipment facilitating the use of a computer network. Typically, this includes routers, switches, access points, network interface cards and other related hardware.

The most common kind of networking hardware today is copper-based Ethernet adapters, helped largely by its standard inclusion on most modern computer systems. Wireless networking has become increasingly popular, however, especially for portable and handheld devices.

Other hardware prevalent within computer networking is datacenter equipment (such as file servers, database servers and storage areas), network services as well as other specific network devices such as content delivery.

Software

Operating system Word processing Spreadsheet Database Web browser Graphics editor Presentation software Project management Desktop publishing Suite Virus checkers Web authoring

Operating System

An operating system (OS) is a software program that manages the hardware and software resources of a computer. The OS performs basic tasks, such as controlling and allocating memory, prioritizing the processing of instructions, controlling input and output devices, facilitating networking, and managing files.

Word processing

Word Processing is used to create documents using computers. These applications evolved from text based editors used by programmers and computer professionals.

Spreadsheet

spreadsheet is a rectangular table (or grid) of information, often financial information.

It is a sort of improvised thing of a paper spreadsheet.

Database

Database

Often abbreviated DB. A collection of information organized in such a way that a computer program can quickly select desired pieces of data. You can think of a database as an electronic filing system. Traditional databases are organized by fields, records, and files. A field is a single piece of information; a record is one complete set of fields; and a file is a collection of records. For example, a telephone book is analogous to a file. It contains a list of records, each of which consists of three fields: name, address, and telephone number.

An alternative concept in database design is known as Hypertext. In a Hypertext database, any object, whether it be a piece of text, a picture, or a film, can be linked to any other object. Hypertext databases are particularly useful for organizing large amounts of disparate information, but they are not designed for numerical analysis.

To access information from a database, you need a database management system (DBMS). This is a collection of programs that enables you to enter, organize, and select data in a database.

A web browser is a software application that enables a user to display and interact with text, images, and other information typically located on a web page at a website on the World Wide Web or a local area network. Text and images on a web page can contain hyperlinks to other web pages at the same or different website. Web browsers allow a user to quickly and easily access information provided on many web pages at many websites by traversing these links. Web browsers format HTML information for display, so the appearance of a web page may differ between browsers.

Web browser

Graphics editor

A graphics editor is a computer program that allows users to paint and edit pictures interactively on the computer screen and save them in one of many popular "bitmap" or "raster" formats such as JPEG, PNG, GIF and TIFF.

Usually an image viewer is preferred over a raster graphics editor for viewing images.

Some editors specialize in the editing of photo-realistic images such as the popular Adobe Photoshop, while others are more geared to artist-created illustrations.

Presentation software

A presentation program is a computer software package used to display information, normally in the form of a slide show. It typically includes three major functions: an editor that allows text to be inserted and formatted, a method for inserting and manipulating graphic images and a slide-show system to display the content.

Presentation programs can either supplement or replace the use of older visual aid technology

Project management

Can be done by using project tools such as graphs and tables

Desktop publishing

Desktop publishing combines a personal computer and page layout software to create publication documents on a computer for either large scale publishing or small scale local economical multifunction peripheral output and distribution. Users create page layouts with text, graphics, photos and other visual elements using software such as QuarkXPress, Adobe InDesign, the free Scribus, Microsoft Publisher, Apple Pages and to some extent OpenOffice.org Draw. For small jobs a few copies of a publication might be printed on a local printer. For larger jobs a computer file can be sent to a vendor for high-volume printing.

Virus checkers

Are software applications which check, scan for viruses on your computer which may do harm in which they then clean or eliminate.

Such examples of virus checkers are of Norton anti-virus.

utility software

Utility software is a type of computer software. It is specifically designed to help manage and tune the computer hardware, operating system or application software, and perform a single task or a small range of tasks; as opposed to application software which tend to be software suites. Utility software has long been integrated into most major operating systems.

Types of utility software

Disk defragmenters System Profilers Compression Encryption

Disk defragmenters

Disk defragmenters. Examples include a Disk defragmenter which can detect computer files whose contents have been stored on the hard disk in disjointed fragments, and move the fragments together to increase efficiency; a Disk checker can scan the contents of a hard disk to find files or areas that are corrupted in some way, or were not correctly saved, and eliminate them for a more efficiently operating hard drive; a Disk cleaner can find files that unnecessary to computer operation, or take up considerable amounts of space.

Accessories and Consumables

Floppy Disk Flash Drive Labels Pre-cut stick-on Cleaning materials An ergonomic aid toner cartridge CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-

Floppy disk and floppy disk drive (FDD).

Floppy Disk

A floppy disk is a data storage device that is composed of a disk of thin, flexible ("floppy") magnetic storage medium encased in a square or rectangular plastic shell. Floppy disks are read and written by a floppy disk drive or FDD.

USB Flash Drive

USB flash drives are NAND-type flash memory data storage devices integrated with a USB interface. They are typically small, lightweight, removable and rewritable. USB flash drives have several advantages over other portable storage devices, particularly the floppy disk. They are generally faster, hold more data, and are considered more reliable (due to their lack of moving parts) than floppy disks.

USB Flash Drive

Ink cartridge

Ink cartridge

An ink cartridge is a replaceable component of an ink-jet printer that contains the ink (and sometimes the print-head itself) that is spread on paper during printing.

CD-RW

Compact Disc ReWritable (CD-RW) is a rewritable optical disc format. Used to despense data which can be both written and deleted on.

Labels

A label is any kind of tag attached with adhesive to something so as to identify the object or its contents. Labels come in many forms and can be differentiated by the type of base material, called stock, that they are printed on, and by the adhesive type that they use. The most common type is made with a paper stock and a colloquial term for it is a sticker. Labels have many uses, from product identification to name tags.

Cleaning materials

Cleaning materials

Are used in cleaning materials in which are dirty or need daily cleaning. They come in many shapes and forms such as liquid, sprays, and cloths.

An ergonomic aid

Are such appliances in which aid a person in the daily activities. Such things as a bench light which aids your site.