Targeting Academic Research for Deposit and Disclosure

Presentation to Prof Adam Wheeler, DVC

18 Sep 2003

Pauline Simpson & Jessie Hey

Presentation road map

• Scholarly communication - set the scene

• Open Access Journals

• Open Archives Initiative

– TARDis project

– e-Prints Soton

PUB

SUB

LIB

A R

Scholarly Communication –present model

Bibliometrics – citation analysis, impact factors

Evaluation – RAE, Tenure, Promotion

Research funding proposals

‘Crisis in Scholarly Communication’ new alternate models

• Open Access Journals • Open Archive Initiative

                                                                                         

   

Open?

• ‘Open’ = freely accessible - ‘open access journals’

and/or

• ‘Open’ = interoperable - Open Archives Initiative (OAI)

Open Access Journals

• the worldwide movement to disseminate scientific and scholarly research literature online, free of charge and free of unnecessary licensing restrictions.

– Open access is barrier-free and cost-free access to the use of information

– Open access is NOT cost-free publication - costs still have to be met but in a new way

– Open access is NOT low-quality publication

– Open access is NOT vanity publication

– Open access is a new way of managing scholarly publishing with a new economic model

Changing the economic model

• Essential feature : payment is for publication not for access

• Peer-review still in place to ensure quality • Publication payment can come either from author or

from research funding agency (many authors already pay more in page charges or colour charges than open access is likely to cost)

• Open access favours small society publishers (publication costs likely to be lower)

• Enables commercial publishers to continue albeit with lower profit levels

• BUT transition to new model difficult for publishers

•Documenta Mathematica

http://www.mathematik.uni-bielefeld.de/documenta/Welcome-eng.html

This journal is free of charge (electronic). Printed volumes are available for a low price.

•Geometry & Topology http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/ Publication is in electronic format completely free to individuals with papers appearing a few days after acceptance. Low-priced paper copy is available.

•Public Library of Science and BioMed Central

Examples of Open Access Journals and Publishers

Public Library of Science

• non-profit organization of scientists and physicians committed to making the world's scientific and medical literature a freely available public resource.

• PLoS Biology out Oct 2003• PLoS Medicine 2004

BioMed Central

• 90+ open access journals– business model is to charge authors $500 per article and

then make the content available free to readers

• JISC agreement with BioMed Central 1/7/03– Up to 80,000 medical and clinical researchers at 180

universities will now be able to publish their work at no charge in any of BioMed Central's extensive range of online medical journals. The costs of peer review will continue to be borne by individual academics or their institutions. The JISC deal will benefit authors from UK Higher Education Institutions, who will no longer have to pay their own author charges.

• Work published with BioMed Central by researchers at University of Southampton

Research article     Biodiversity of nematode assemblages from the region of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, an area of commercial mining interestLambshead PJD, Brown CJ, Ferrero TJ, Hawkins LE, Smith CR, Mitchell NJBMC Ecology 2003, 3:1 (9 January 2003)[Abstract] [Full text] [PDF] [PubMed] [Related articles]

• Review     Mitotic death: a mechanism of survival? A reviewErenpreisa J, Cragg MSCancer Cell International 2001, 1:1 (23 November 2001)[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [PubMed] [Related articles]

• Research article     Cost-utility of enoxaparin compared with unfractionated heparin in unstable coronary artery diseaseNicholson T, McGuire A, Milne RBMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2001, 1:2 (15 October 2001)[Abstract] [Full text] [PDF] [PubMed] [Related articles]

• Oral presentation     Recruiting and supporting consumers in prioritising research topicsRoyle J, Oliver SBMC Meeting Abstracts: 9th International Cochrane Colloquium 2001, 1:op014 (26 August 2001)[Abstract]

• Oral presentation     Pathways to evidence based reproductive healthcare in developing countriesGeyoushi B, Stones WBMC Meeting Abstracts: 9th International Cochrane Colloquium 2001, 1:op048 (26 August 2001)[Abstract]

Directory of Open Access Journals

• Compiled by Lund University 2003– The directory only contains fulltext, open access scientific and

scholarly journals that use an appropriate quality control system to guarantee the content

• >520 journal titles (Apr 03 = 480)– Maths 39 Statistics 4

• All peer reviewed• Increasing coverage by ISI

Agriculture and Food Sciences Arts and Architecture Biology and LifeSciences Business and Economics Chemistry Earth and Environmental Sciences Health SciencesHistory and Archaeology Languages and Literatures Law and Political Science Mathematics and statistics Philosophy and Religion Physics and Astronomy Social Sciences Technology and Engineering

BioMed Central letter to VC

• Sent to all Vice Chancellors 13 Jun 2003

• Encourage open access publication to maximize access and benefit to scientists, scholars and the public throughout the world.

• Adapt tenure and promotion policies to allow credit for peer reviewed open access publications

• Content rather than title of journal as significant

Also encouraged by : JISC Scholarly Communications Group Briefing Paper for

RCUK (draft) Prof David De Roure member of Group

‘Crisis in Scholarly Communication’ new alternate models

• Open Access Journals • Open Archive Initiative

                                                                                         

   

Open Archives

• Subject based e-Print archives (centred on author deposit)– Pioneering example is ArXiv set up by Paul

Ginsparg at Los Alamos in 1991– Successful in limited subject areas– Free EPrints Software developed at Southampton

to encourage more self archiving (JISC funding)

• Open Archive Initiative software standards developed to enable cross searching (OAI-PMH)

• Alternate models proposed based on institutional research output

JISC FAIR programme in the UK Focus on Access to Institutional

Resources

• Inspired by the vision of the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) that digital resources can be shared between organisations based on a simple mechanism allowing metadata about these resources to be harvested into services

• To support the disclosure of institutional assets:

To support access to and sharing of institutional content within Higher Education and Further Education and to allow intelligence to be gathered about the technical, organisational and cultural challenges of these processes…

FAIR Programme

• £3 million on 14 projects starting August 2002

• Clusters:– Museums and Images– E-Prints– E-theses– IPR– Institutional portals

UK Focus on Access to Institutional Resources – e-Prints

• TARDis: Targeting Academic Resources for Deposit and dISclosure

• SHERPA: broader - Consortium of Research Libraries – filling archives and joint infrastructure

• HaIRST: A testbed for Scotland• ePrints-UK :harvesting UK e-Print

archives

TARDis

• HEFCE – JISC Programme - Focus on Access to Institutional Resources (FAIR) £196,000

• Aug 2002 – Jan 2005 (30 months)

• Cross University collaboration:– University Library– School of Electronics and Computer Sciences– Information Systems and Services– Academic Community!

• Project Team– Project Director : Sheila Corrall– Project Manager: Pauline Simpson– Advocacy : Jessie Hey– Software : Chris Gutteridge / Tim Brody– Admin : Natasha Lucas

• Steering Group: – Project Team +

• Mark Brown, Peter Hancock, Les Carr

People

• Aim: to set up a sustainable Southampton e-Print archive

e-Prints Soton– Enhancing our version of software– Feeding into EPrints software – future versions

• To gain content – full text documents– Offering a mediated service in parallel– Making easier to deposit– Advocacy– Project target – 2000– Pilot with 2 schools in progress

What are e-Prints?

e-Prints are: • electronic copies of any research output

– journal articles, book chapters, conference papers etc even multimedia

– they may include unpublished manuscripts and papers prepared for publication (as copyright allows)

Also broader and narrower definitions:Academic output - NottinghamPeer-reviewed – Stevan Harnad

• An e-Print archive is an internet based repository of such digital scholarly publications which can provide immediate and free worldwide access benefiting both author and reader

Collection policy defined to be broad research output of University

researchers

Why deposit your research in e-Prints Soton?

•To make your research more visible and available in electronic form

• To promote your work and that of other academics within your community at the University of Southampton

• To use it as a secure store for your research publications - which can help you to respond to the many requests for full text and publication data

• To contribute to national and global initiatives which will ensure an international audience for your latest research (other universities are developing their own archives which, together, will be searchable by global search tools)

How researchers make research available currently though the

university web site• Survey

– Central record of University research output not maintained.

– Retrospective central research publications listings collated from individual departments and made available on the web (University Research Report)

– Snapshot– departmental recording practices

• Minimal to highly structured• Variety of methods

– looked at web sites – personal and schools

• Example web site

Current practices at example Southampton departments

Department

Total number of publications

Full text

Percentage of full text

Faculty of Law, Arts and Social Sciences

Archaeology 252 2 1% English 243 3 1% Modern Languages 160 0 0% Music 280 5 2% Politics 138 6 4% Economics 357 89 25%

Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences

Biology 796 24 3% Medicine 1603 247 15% Health Professions and Rehabilitation Sciences

332

0 0%

Nursing and Midwifery

439 0 0%

Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics

Chemistry 1128 111 10% Electronics and Computer Science

7008 866* 12%

Maths Education 170 34 20% Mathematical Studies

849 310 37%

Ocean Circulation and Climate Group, SOES

286 9 3%

James Rennell Division, SOC

792 68 9%

* - personal web sites not counted

Local needs identified / wider issues

• Bibliographic records and full text

• Input publication data only once

• Help with file formats• Integrating current

records• Import/export to

other archives• Satisfy variety of

demands for publication records

• Copyright (Romeo project)

• Secure storage• Quality control• Peer review• Workload• Visibility• Citation impact

Policy maker involvement

Benefits of an institutional repository:• Raises profile of institution• Manages digital institutional research assets• Supports

– Research output measures e.g. RAE, research report

– funding agency requirements

• Endorse, encourage new deposits• Encourage authors to amend copyright transfer

Upcoming UK Policy level event

• JISC seminar: • Global Access to UK Research:

Removing the barriers• 20 November 2003• Universities UK, Woburn House,

London

Can add additional text to copyright

• "I hereby transfer to <publisher or journal> all rights to sell or lease the text (on-paper and on-line) of my paper <paper title>. I retain the right to distribute it for free for scholarly/scientific purposes, in particular, the right to self-archive it publicly online on the World Wide Web. The author/s hereby assert their moral rights in accordance with the UK Copyright Designs and Patents Act (1988)."

How can we start to integrate with school practice?

• Non-linear dynamics of a nematic liquid crystal in the presence of a shear flowE. Vicente Alonso, A.A. Wheeler and T.J. SluckinProc. Roy. Soc. A. 459 , 195-220 (2003)

•[reprint] also pdf, ps and hardcopy

• http://www.maths.soton.ac.uk/search/listpreprints.phtml?table=applied&uid=40618960c732ac68a7b5cf574a759ecc

• http://www.maths.soton.ac.uk/staff/Sluckin/papers/vicente_alonso_et_al_03.pdf

Further Information

• e-Prints Soton Pilot http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/

• TARDis http://tardis.eprints.org/

• JISC seminar: Global Access to UK Research: Removing the barriers 20 November 2003Universities UK, Woburn House, London

A national vision:e-Prints + data + e-learning