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FINAL REPORT AUGUST 1997
REPORT NO. 93-11-3
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF STORED AMMUNITION
IN KUWAIT, 1996
19980526 157
Prepared for: U.S. Army Armament Research, Development
and Engineering Center ATTN: AMSTA-AR-QAN-P Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000
Distribution Unlimited
^.S- ARflf y.
DTIC QUALITY INSPECTED S
VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIVISION SAVANNA, ILLINOIS 61074-9639 SAVANNA, ILLINOIS
AVAILABTLTTVNOTTCF.
A copy of this report will be furnished each attendee on automatic distribution. Additional
copies or authority for reprinting may be obtained by written request from Director, U.S. Army
Defense Ammunition Center, ATTN: SIOAC-DEV, 3700 Army Depot Road, Savanna, IL
61074-9639.
DISTRTBT JTTON INSTRUCTIONS
Destroy this report when no longer needed. Do not return.
***
Citation of trade names in this report does not constitute an official endorsement.
The information contained herein will not be used for advertising purposes.
UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1a. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
UNCLASSTFTF.D 2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY
2b. DECLASSIFICATION / DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE
4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S)
93-11-3 6a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center
6b. OFFICE SYMBOL (if applicable)
6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code)
ATTN: SIOAC-DEV Savanna TT. 61074-9639
STOAC-DFV
8b. OFFICE SYMBOL (if applicable)
8a. NAME OF FUNDING / SPONSORING ORGANIZATION
U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Centerl AMSTA-AR-QAN-P
8c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code)
ATTN: AMSTA-AR-QAN-P Picatinnv Arsenal. NJ 07806-5000
Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188
1b. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS
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UNLIMITED
5. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S)
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9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
10. SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. TITLE (Include Security Classification)
Environmental Monitoring of Stored Ammunition in Kuwait, 1996
PROJECT NO. TASK NO. WORK UNIT ACCESSION NO.
12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S)
Bradley J. Haas 13a. TYPE OF REPORT
Final 13b. TIME COVERED
FROM TO 16. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION
14. DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month, Day)
1997 August 15. PAGE COUNT
17. COSATI CODES FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP
18. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number)
19. ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number)
The U.S Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division (SIOAC-DEV), was tasked by the U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) to obtain temperature and humidity data of the ammunition storage conditions provided by MILVANs and above-ground magazines located in Kuwait. A total of 8 MILVANs and 7 magazines were instrumented at the ammunition supply point (ASP), approximately 50 kilometers south-southeast of Kuwait City. This report contains test results for MILVANs and above-ground magazines monitored January - December 1996.
20. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT
XXUNCLASSIFIED/UNLIMITED | ISAMEASRPT. | |DTIC USERS 22a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL
JEROME H. KROHN
21. ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
ITNCT.ASSTFTFn 22b. TELEPHONE (Include Area Code)
815-273-8929
22c. OFFICE SYMBOL
SIOAC-DEA
DD Form 1473, Jun 86 Previous editions are obsolete SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE
UNCLASSIFIED
U.S. ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER
VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIVISION
SAVANNA, IL 61074-9639
REPORT NO. 93-11-3
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF STORED AMMUNITION
IN KUWAIT, 1996
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART PAGE NO.
-1 1. INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND 1-1
B. AUTHORITY 1_1
C. OBJECTIVE 1-1
D. CONCLUSION 1_1
2. ATTENDEES 2-1
3. TEST SETUP 3_1
4. TEST RESULTS 4-1
5. PHOTOGRAPHS 5-1
6. TABLES 6-1
7. GRAPHS 7_1
8. APPENDIX 8-1
li
PARTI
INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND. The U.S. Amy Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation
Engineering Division (SIOAC-DEV), was tasked by U. S. Army Armament Research,
Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) to monitor ammunition storage conditions in
MELVANs and above-ground magazines located in Kuwait. This report contains test results of
data obtained January - December 1996.
B. AUTHORITY. This test was conducted IAW mission responsibilities delegated by the U.S.
Army Armament Munitions and Chemical Command (AMCCOM), Rock Island, IL.
C. OBJECTIVE. The objective of the instrumentation was to obtain temperature and humidity
data of the ammunition storage conditions inside MILVANs and above-ground magazines in
Kuwait during 1996. The data obtained will be used by ARDEC, Technology Division, Product
Assurance and Test Directorate, AMSTA-AR-QAN-P, to determine the reliability of ammunition
stored in Kuwait.
D. CONCLUSION. The maximum temperature of an ammunition item stored in a MIL VAN
was 136.2 degrees Fahrenheit. The maximum repeatable temperature at an ammuniton item
stored in an above-ground magazine storage was 102.9 degrees Fahrenheit. Above-ground
magazines hold a more constant temperature than MILVANs, as the storage temperature in
MILVANs more closely tracks the ambient temperature. Above-ground magazines provide a
storage temperature exceeding 100 degrees Fahrenheit a lower percentage of the time than
MILVANs. However, the percentage of storage temperature readings exceeding 90 degrees
Fahrenheit in above-ground magazines was greater than that in MILVANs. Additionally, a
ceramic coating applied to MILVANs appeared to reduce the temperature at ammunition items
stored inside.
1-1
PART 2
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1996
ATTENDEES
Bradley J. Haas
Mechanical Engineer DSN 585-8336 (815) 273-8336
Quinn D. Hartman General Engineer DSN 585-8992 815-273-8992
William R. Meyer General Engineer DSN 585-8090 815-273-8090
David V. Valant Electronics Technician DSN 585-8988 815-273-8988
Director
U.S Army Defense Ammunition Center ATTN: SIOAC-DEV 3700 Army Depot Road Savanna, IL 61074-9639
Director
U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center ATTN: SIOAC-DEV 3700 Army Depot Road Savanna, IL 61074-9639
Director U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center ATTN: SIOAC-DEV 3700 Army Depot Road Savanna, IL 61074-9639
Director U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center ATTN: SIOAC-DEV 3700 Army Depot Road Savanna, IL 61074-9639
2-1
PART 3
TEST SETUP
A weatherstation was set up at the ammunition supply point (ASP), approximately 50 km
south-southwest of Kuwait City to monitor ambient conditions (wind speed, wind direction,
ambient temperature, ambient humidity, solar radiation, and ground temperature). Readings
were recorded every 15 minutes. The storage module for the weather station was swapped out
and sent to DAC, SIOAC-DEV, every 6 months for downloading.
The temperature and humidity readings of eight MDLVANs were obtained by ACR data
loggers. These data loggers were placed at various strategic locations inside each MILVAN, such
as top of load, 6 inches below top of MILVAN, etc. The data loggers were programmed to record
readings every 30 minutes. Every 6 months, each data logger was replaced with a fresh data
logger, with the initially installed data loggers shipped back to DAC, SIOAC-DEV. Table 1
displays the type of MILVAN storage and the DODIC contained by each MILVAN monitored.
TABLE 1: MILVAN SETUP
MILVAN TYPE OF STORAGE DODIC DODIC DESCRIPTION H3DA Ceramic Painted Unknown None 25 Ceramic Painted A589 .50 Caliber Cartridge 97 Ceramic Painted Unknown None 302 Ceramic Painted Unknown None 306 Ceramic Painted N285 M577/577A1 Fuze 334 Ceramic Painted D528 155mm Projectile 338 Ceramic Painted D550 165mm Cartridge 411 Uncovered Unknown None
3-1
ACR data loggers were also placed inside 7 above-ground magazines to obtain temperature
and humidity levels of stored ammunition. The data loggers were programmed to record a value
every 30 minutes. Every 6 months, each data logger was replaced with a new data logger, with
the initially installed data logger shipped back to DAC, SIOAC-DEV, for downloading. Table 2
contains a list of the above-ground magazines instrumented and their contents. Several items
were moved from one above-ground magazine to another. For the purpose of this table, each of
these items is listed with the above-ground magazine it was located the majority of the time.
TABLE 2: MAGAZINE SETUP
ABOVE-GROUND MAGAZINE DODIC
4 C786, C787 5 D533, D540, D509, C697, N286 6 K180, M023 7 N464, N285 8 D541.D502, D563 9 D505 13 A589
3-2
PART 4
TEST REST JT.TS
Eight uncovered MILVANs were instrumented. Seven of these MILVANs were painted
with a ceramic coating. Table 1 in Part 3 of this report contains a detailed list of the MILVANs
instrumented.
Due to the climate in Kuwait, heat is the most important factor in the breakdown of
ammunition in storage. Table 3 contains the maximum temperatures at various MILVAN
storage locations during each of the 10 hottest days of 1996.
Table 3
MILVAN Storage; 10 Hottest Days
Julian Date
Ambient A589 (25)
N285 (306)
D550 (338)
Top (H3DA)
6" Below Top
(H3DA)*
6" Below Top
(334)*
D528 (334)*
Top (#411)*
6" Below Top
(#411)* 183 117.9 128.5 136.2 119.7 133.9 128.5 126.5 113.5 153.4 141.0 186 117.9 126.5 132.8 116.1 122.5 124.5 123.5 106.9 141.0 129.6 233 117.9 N/A 133.9 118.8 133.9 128.5 126.5 106.1 153.4 141.0 195 117.8 127.5 132.8 117.9 129.6 124.5 123.5 108.5 149.0 133.9 187 117.1 125.5 130.6 115.2 122.5 122.5 122.5 108.5 138.6 127.5 231 116.9 N/A 133.9 118.8 128.5 127.5 125.5 106.1 149.0 139.8 194 116.7 126.5 132.8 115.2 124.5 122.5 122.5 106.1 147.6 131.7 230 116.6 N/A 129.6 116.1 122.5 124.5 121.6 105.3 142.3 133.9 225 116.5 N/A 126.5 114.3 119.7 121.6 120.6 107.7 132.8 125.5
* Instrumented MILVAN in parenthesis (No.)
The maximum temperature of an ammunition item was 136.2 degrees Fahrenheit on Julian
date 183. The load consisted of fuzes, DODIC N285. The fuzes and small arms items generally
reached higher temperatures than the projectiles and large cartridges. This result appears to be
due to the smaller mass of these items, resulting in a faster heat soak. Note also that MILVAN
4-1
411 was the only MIL VAN with no ceramic paint coat. No ammunition item on the inside of
MIL VAN 411 was instrumented. However, the temperatures reached on the top of MIL VAN
411 and 6 inches below the top of MIL VAN 411 were consistently higher than the temperatures
at the same locations of their ceramic-painted MIL VAN counterparts. Therefore, the ceramic
paint appears to be an effective means of reducing the temperature of ammunition stored in
MILVANs.
The temperatures were at the most extreme from June - Septemberl996. Table 4 shows a
breakdown of the percentage of time each month the temperature exceeded 90 degrees and
100 degrees for ambient temperature and ammunition items stored in MILVANs. All the items
in this table were stored in ceramic-painted MILVANs. No data were available on items stored
in MILVANs without a ceramic paint coating.
Table 4
Percentage of MJLVAN Temperature Readings by Month
%> Month Ambient A589 N285 D528 D550 90 Jun 67.4 76.5 70.6 61.7 59.4 100 Jun 36.3 46.3 46.7 8.7 34.3 90 Jul 84.8 94.6 90.3 91.1 75.6
100 Jul 47.5 56.8 52.6 35.5 43.8 90 Aug 82.7 N/A 88.2 90.4 75.7
100 Aug 48.0 N/A 51.1 35.4 43.2 90 Sep 58.8 N/A 71.8 57.0 53.1
100 Sep 27.9 N/A 42.0 22.4 27.5
Table 4 illustrates again that the fuzes and small arms items are at the elevated temperature
a greater percentage of the time than the large cartridges and projectiles. This is particularly
evident in the percentage of time each item was in storage in excess of 100 degrees. The larger
mass of the projectiles and large cartridges appears to slow the heat soak process.
4-2
The Kuwait environment is generally very dry. Table 5 contains the peak relative humidity
levels of each item stored in MILVANs by month from May - October, the months that contain
the most harsh combination of temperature and humidity.
Table 5
Relative Humidity of MIL VAN Storage
Month Ambient A589 D528 D550 N285 May 100.0 26.1 36.4 24.5 23.1 Jun 95.3 30.1 37.9 54.8 36.4 Jul 100.0 30.1 37.9 60.1 40.5
Aug 100.0 N/A 37.9 60.1 40.5 Sep 100.0 37.0 45.1 74.2 40.5 Oct 100.0 N/A 41.6 74.2 N/A
*A11 values in percent relative humidity
The peak relative humidity values of the ammunition items stored inside the MILVANs are
consistently lower than the peak ambient relative humidity values. Nonpeak relative humidity
values inside MILVANs below 20 percent are prevalent in most cases. The MILVANs appear to
seal reasonably well, as an ambient relative humidity reading of 100 percent did not translate to a
reading near 100 percent on the inside of the MIL VAN.
Seven above-ground magazines contained storage items which were instrumented.
Movement of items from one above-ground magazine to another occurred with several items.
Table 2 in Part 3 contains a listing of where each item was located the majority of the time.
Table 6 contains a listing of the days containing the 10 hottest ambient temperatures. Also
included in this table are the storage temperatures at one ammunition item within each
above-ground magazine. A listing of peak temperatures for items stored in each above-ground
magazine is contained in Part 6 of this report.
4-3
Table 6
10 Hottest Days
Julian Date Ambient C786
(Mag 4) D533
. (Mag 5) K180
(Mag 6) N464
(Mag 7) D541
(Mag 8) D505
(Mag 9) 183 117.9 98.4 113.5 100.7 99.2 100.7 102.2 186 117.9 93.4 99.9 94.1 94.1 97 99.2 233 117.9 98.4 102.9 99.9 98.4 100.7 102.2 195 117.8 95.5 101.4 97 96.3 98.4 99.9 187 117.1 93.4 100.7 94,8 94.1 97 99.2 231 116.9 98.4 102.2 99.9 98.4 100.7 102.2 194 116.7 94.8 100.7 97 95.5 98.4 99.2 230 116.6 98.4 102.2 99.9 98.4 100.7 101.4 225 116.5 97.7 102.9 98.4 98.4 100.7 102.2 196 116.4 95.5 102.2 97.7 97.0 99.2 101.4
*A11 values in degrees Fahrenheit
Maximum temperatures vary only slightly from above-ground magazine to above-ground
magazine. The 113.5 degrees recorded in above-ground magazine 5 on Julian date 183 appears
to be an aberration. One possible explanation of this reading is the above-ground magazine may
have been open that day. Several items contained in above-ground magazine 5 showed peak
temperatures in excess with any other peak temperature on that Julian date. Peak storage
temperatures inside the above-ground magazines are consistently lower than MIL VAN storage
peak temperatures.
Table 7 contains the peak relative humidity values at one item in each above-ground
magazine from May - October. These months contain the greatest combination of heat and
humidity.
4-4
Table 7
Monthly Peak Above-ground Magazine Humidity Readings
Ambient C786
(Mag 4) D533
(Mag 5) K180
(Mag 6) N464
(Mag 7) D541
(Mag 8) D505
(Mag 9) May 100.0 N/A 53.9 66.6 57.4 40.2 42.7 Jun 95.3 N/A 53.4 67.6 58.0 40.2 45.5 Jul 100.0 45.1 53.9 67.6 58.0 40.2 45.5 Aug 100.0 45.1 43.3 44.1 39.8 25.2 34.1 Sep 100.0 50.8 46.3 51.5 48.5 30.1 43.8 Oct 100.0 41.2 41.8 39.0 41.0 25.2 43.8
The relative humidity values in above-ground magazines appear to remain more stable than
the relative humidity values in MILVANs. The peak values in MILVANs were slightly higher
than inside above-ground magazines. However, relative humidity readings below 20 percent
were more frequent in MILVANs than in above-ground magazines.
Table 8 contains the temperature distribution of one ammunition item stored in each
above-ground magazine.
Table 8
Above-ground Magazine Temperature Distribution by Percentage
%> Month Ambient C786 D533 K180 N464 D541 D505 90 Jun 67.5 N/A 100 81.5 49.6 100 100
100 Jun 36.7 N/A 0 0 0 0 0 90 Jul 84.9 100 100 100 100 100 100
100 Jul 47.7 0 58.8 0 0 0 33.3 90 Aug 82.8 100 100 100 100 100 100
100 Aug 47.1 0 97.6 1.0 0 40.6 92.8 90 Sep 57.8 99.5 98.8 100 100 100 100
100 Sep 27.0 0 1.8 0 0 0 10.6
4-5
The high percentage of temperatures ranging between 90 degrees and 100 degrees indicates
the temperature during these months remains relatively constant in comparison to the
temperatures in MILVANs. It appears the above-ground magazines provide temperatures below
100 degrees and temperatures in excess of 90 degrees more often than MILVANs. MILVANs
more closely track ambient temperatures.
4-6
PART 5
PHOTOGRAPHS
5-1
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5-3
U.S. ARMY DEFESE AMMUNITION CENTER PHOTO NO. A0317-SCN-92-334-3428. This photo shows an ACR data logger installed on DODIC item K180 in an above-ground magazine. The wire entering the box from the data logger is the external probe.
5-4
U.S. ARMY DEFESE AMMUNITION CENTER PHOTO NO. A0317-SCN-92-334-3431. This photo shows DODIC C697 in storage in a MILVAN. Note the data logger and external probe are fastened to the item.
5-5
PART 6
TART .FS
Table 9
Monthly Peak Temperatures for Above-ground Magazine 4 Items
1996 Ambient C787 Ext. Probe
C787 C786
Ext. Probe C786
May 113.1 87.9 87.9 N/A N/A Jun 114.9 92.7 92.7 N/A N/A Jul 117.9 96.7 97.7 98.4 98.4 Aug 117.9 N/A N/A 98.4 98.4 Sep 117.9 94.1 94.1 98.4 98.4 Oct 104.6 94.1 94.1 94.1 94.1 Nov 92.8 85.2 85.9 85.9 85.9 Dec 100.2 92.7 92.7 93.4 93.4
*A11 values in degrees Fahrenheit
Table 10
Monthly Peak Temperatures for Above-ground Magazine 5 Items
1996 Am- bient
Front Rear C787 Ext
Probe C787
D533 Ext.
Probe D533
D540 Ext
Probe D540
D509 C697 N286 Ext
Probe N286
PD62
Jan 71.1 69.7 70.3 69.7 69.7 70.3 70.3 70.3 70.3 70.9 69.7 N/A N/A 70.3 Feb 84.2 69.7 69.0 69.7 69.7 81.2 70.3 70.3 69.7 70.3 69.7 N/A N/A 69.7 Mar 83.5 72.2 71.6 72.2 72.2 70.3 72.8 72.8 72.8 72.2 72.2 N/A N/A 72.2 Apr N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A May 113.1 91.3 89.9 93.4 94.1 94.8 94.8 94.8 94.8 88.6 91.3 89.9 88.6 N/A Jun 114.9 94.8 94.1 97.7 97.7 98.4 98.4 127.5 115.2 92.7 95.5 93.4 92.7 N/A Jul 117.9 100.7 99.9 127.5 114.3 113.5 115.2 127.5 115.2 99.2 100.7 100.7 99.9 N/A
Aug 117.9 100.7 99.9 102.2 102.2 102.9 102.9 99.9 99.9 99.2 100.7 99.9 99.2 N/A Sep 117.9 100.7 99.9 102.2 102.2 102.9 102.9 99.9 99.9 99.2 100.7 99.9 99.2 N/A Oct 104.6 94.1 94.1 N/A N/A 94.1 94.1 94.1 94.1 94.1 94.1 93.4 93.4 N/A Nov 92.8 84.5 85.9 N/A N/A 84.5 84.5 85.2 85.2 85.9 99.9 81.2 81.9 N/A Dec 100.2 92.7 93.4 N/A N/A 92.7 92.7 93.4 92.7 92.7 99.9 91.3 91.3 N/A
*A1 lvalue sin de sgrees Fahren heit.
6-1
TABLE 11
Monthly Peak Temperatures for Above-ground Magazine 6 Items
1996 Ambient Front Rear M023 Ext.
Probe M023
K180 Ext.
Probe K180
M032 Ext.
Probe M032
Jan 71.1 66.5 66.5 67.8 N/A N/A N/A 66.5 67.1 Feb 84.2 68.4 68.4 70.9 N/A N/A N/A 67.8 67.8 Mar 83.5 76.7 76.7 77.3 N/A 78.0 N/A 75.4 70.3 Apr N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A May 113.1 89.9 88.6 90.6 N/A 89.9 87.6 N/A N/A Jun 114.9 93.4 92.7 94.1 N/A 94.1 93.4 N/A N/A Jul 117.9 99.2 99.2 99.9 99.9 100.7 99.9 N/A N/A Aug 117.9 99.2 99.2 99.9 99.9 100.7 99.9 N/A N/A Sep 117.9 99.2 99.2 99.9 99.9 100.7 99.9 N/A N/A Oct 104.6 93.4 93.4 94.1 94.1 94.1 93.4 N/A N/A Nov 92.8 83.2 83.2 85.9 84.5 84.5 85.0 N/A N/A Dec 100.2 92.0 93.4 92.7 92.0 93.4 92.7 N/A N/A
*A11 values in degrees Fahrenheit.
TABLE 12
Monthly Peak Temperatures for Above-ground Magazine 7 Items
1996 Ambient Front Rear N340 Ext. Probe
N340 N464
Ext. Probe N464
N285
Jan 71.1 65.2 65.9 65.9 71.1 N/A N/A N/A Feb 84.2 67.1 67.1 66.5 84.2 N/A N/A N/A Mar 83.5 79.3 78.6 69.7 83.5 N/A N/A N/A Apr N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A May 113.1 88.6 98.9 N/A N/A 88.6 88.6 N/A Jun 114.9 92.7 92.0 N/A N/A 92.7 92.7 N/A Jul 117.9 99.9 99.9 N/A N/A 99.2 99.2 102.2 Aug 117.9 99.2 98.4 N/A N/A 98.4 99.2 N/A Sep 117.9 99.2 98.4 N/A N/A 98.4 99.2 92.7 Oct 104.6 92.7 93.4 N/A N/A 92.7 93.4 92.7 Nov 92.8 81.2 83.2 N/A N/A 97.0 96.3 81.2 Dec 100.2 90.6 92.0 N/A N/A 87.0 96.3 91.3
*A1 values in degrees Fa hrenheit.
6-2
TABLE 13
Monthly Peak Temperatures for Above-ground Magazine 8 Items
1996 Ambient Front Rear D563 D502 D541 Ext. Probe
D541 Jan 71.1 67.1 68.4 67.1 67.8 67.8 67.8 Feb 84.2 67.1 67.8 67.1 67.1 67.1 67.8 Mar 83.5 94.1 77.3 78.0 94.1 92.0 70.9 Apr N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A May 113.1 90.6 89.2 91.3 87.9 91.3 91.3 Jun 104.9 94.8 94.1 95.5 93.4 94.8 95.5 Jul 117.9 100.7 99.9 101.4 99.2 100.7 101.4
Aug 117.9 100.7 99.9 101.4 99.2 100.7 101.4 Sep 117.9 100.7 99.9 101.4 99.2 100.7 101.4 Oct 104.6 94.8 95.5 94.8 94.8 94.8 95.5 Nov 92.8 83.2 85.9 83.9 85.2 84.5 N/A Dec 100.2 92.0 94.1 92.7 93.4 92.7 93.4
* All values in degrees Fahrenheit.
TABLE 14
Monthly Peak Temperatures for Above-ground Magazine 9 Items
1996 Ambient Front Rear D505 Jan 71.1 68.4 69.0 69.7 Feb 84.2 68.4 69.0 69.0 Mar 83.5 86.5 86.5 89.2 Apr N/A N/A N/A N/A May 113.1 92.7 90.6 93.4 Jun 104.9 96.3 94.8 96.9 Jul 117.9 101.4 99.9 102.2 Aug 117.9 101.4 99.9 102.2 Sep 117.9 101.4 99.9 102.2 Oct 104.6 94.1 94.8 94.8 Nov 92.8 81.9 84.5 83.9 Dec 100.2 92.7 93.4 92.7
"All values in degrees Fahrenheit.
6-3
PART 7
GRAPHS
7-1
MILVAN GRAPHS
7-2
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