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Rulers

Chandragupta Maurya (born 340 BCE, ruled 320 BCE 298 BCE) was the founder of the

Maurya Empire. He succeeded in conquering most of theIndian subcontinentand is considered

the first unifier of India as well as its first genuine emperor. Prior to Chandragupta's

consolidation of power, small regional kingdoms dominated the northwestern subcontinent,while theNanda Dynastydominated the middle and lower basin of the Ganges. After

Chandragupt's conquests, the Maurya Empire extended fromBengalandAssamin the east, to

AfghanistanandBalochistanin the west, toKashmirandNepalin the north, and to theDeccan

Plateauin the south. His achievements, which ranged from conquering Macedoniansatrapiesin

the northwest and conquering theNanda Empireby the time he was only about 20 years old, to

achieving an alliance withSeleucus I Nicatorand establishing centralized rule throughoutSouth

Asia, remain some of the most celebrated in thehistory of India. Over two thousand years later,

the accomplishments of Chandragupta stand out in thehistory of South Asia.

Bindusara was the secondMauryanemperor (born 320 BC , ruled. 298 BC272 BC) after

Chandragupta Maurya. During his reign, the empire expanded southwards. He had two well-known sons,SusimaandAshoka, who were the viceroys of Taxila and Ujjain. TheGreekscalled

him Amitrochates or Allitrochades - the Greek transliteration for theSanskritword

'Amitraghata' (Slayer of enemies). He was also called 'Ajatashatru' (Man with no enemies) in

Sanskrit. He also went by the title Deva-nampriya.

Ashoka Maurya or Ashoka(304232 BC), popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was an

Indianemperorof theMaurya Dynastywho ruled almost all of theIndian subcontinentfrom 269

BC to 232 BC. One of India's greatest emperors, Ashoka reigned over most of present-day India

after a number of military conquests. His empire stretched from present-dayPakistanand

Afghanistanin the west, to the present-dayBangladeshand the Indian state ofAssamin the east,

and as far south as northernKeralaandAndhra Pradesh. He conquered the kingdom namedKalinga, which no one in his dynasty had conquered starting fromChandragupta Maurya. His

reign was headquartered inMagadha. He embracedBuddhismfrom the prevalentHindu

tradition after witnessing the mass deaths of thewar of Kalinga, which he himself had waged out

of a desire for conquest. He was later dedicated to the propagation of Buddhism across Asiaand

established monuments marking several significant sites in the life ofGautama Buddha. Ashoka

was a devotee ofahimsa(nonviolence),love,truth,toleranceandvegetarianism. Ashoka is

remembered in history as aphilanthropicadministrator. In thehistory of India, Ashoka is

referred to asSamraatChakravartinAshoka - the Emperor of EmperorsAshoka . The emblem of

the modernRepublic of Indiais an adaptation of theLion Capital of Ashoka.

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