Downtown TampaParking Study Findings and ObservationsFebruary 2019

There is available parking.

Finding

Off-Street: 22,000 spacesOn-Street: 1,600 spacesTotal: around 24,000 spaces

City operates: • 1,600 on-street spaces• ~7,500 off-street

spaces

Other large operators include:• 717: ~4,000 spaces• SP+: ~2,200 spaces• County: ~1,600 spaces

Inventory

Typical Morning Utilization

9 AM – 11 AM

Typical Afternoon Utilization

2 PM – 4 PM

Typical Evening Utilization

6 PM – 8 PM

Saturday with Special Events

9 AM – 11 AM

Saturday with Special Events

2 PM – 4 PM

Saturday with Special Events

6 PM – 8 PM

Utilization by Garage/Lot

6,000 spaces availableat the peak time of day

Unused Parking Where People Want It

Some under/near highway (non-event days)

Some core availability in select facilities

Ample availability north of core

Availability off-street near courthouse

Tampa Street office buildings

Unused Parking Where People Want It

Some under/near highway (non-event days)

Some core availability in select facilities

Ample availability north of core

Availability off-street near courthouse

South Regional Garage: Thursday Afternoon

Pricing is not set up to make rational choices.

Finding

AverageMonthlyPricing(Off-Street)

Fort Brooke Garage$1.60/hour

Whiting Street$1.50/hour

Pricing On and Off Street

Transient Pricing

0 1 2 3 4 5Price ($ per hour)

On-S

treet

Off-S

treet

Low

High

Low

High

$1.50

$0.125

$0.75

$4.50

Streets are cheaper than garages

No financial incentive for customers & visitors to park off-street

Long-Term Monthly Pricing

0 1 2 3 4 5Price ($ per day)

Mont

hly

Daily

Equ

ivalen

t

Low

High

Low

High

$139

$19

$0.90

$6.60

Price ($ per month)0 30 60 90 120 150

6

Average break-even point based on construction/financing costs

Average break-even point

Long-Term vs. Transient Pricing

0 1 2 3 4 5Price ($ per hour)

Mont

hly Low

High

Low

High

$139

$19

$0.11

$0.82

Price ($ per month)0 30 60 90 120 150

6

vs. $0.75 (7x higher)

vs. $4.50 (5.5x higher)Hour

ly Eq

uiva

lent

Monthly rates are a fraction of transient rates

Average break-even point

Average break-even point

Pricing has led to a manipulated market.

Finding

AverageMonthlyPricing(Off-Street)

Royal Regional$19

Poe$72

Fort Brooke$86/156

South Regional$86

Twiggs$72/144

Zack$33

Whiting$64/130

Pierce$27

Selmon Lots$30

Wait List‘Density’

Royal Regional85%

Poe43%

Fort Brooke43%

South Regional66%

Twiggs20%

Pierce371%

Selmon Lots96% -209%

Ratio of wait-list customers to permit sales capacity

One type of product dominates this market.

Finding

Parking by supply and peak utilization

Fort BrookeMonthly permits and other special uses

South RegionalHighly driven by

events

PoePrimary facility for

Straz events

Royal RegionalLow-price

monthly permits

Customers have no incentive to ask for anything different.

Finding

Market is set up for monthly permit-access parking

The Downtown office real estate market

continues to compete with Westshore

The status quo won’t let Tampa grow.

Study Observation

Tampa’s Employment Markets

Westshore95,000 - 100,000 jobs

12.5MM SFClass A Rent: $29.75

Class A Occupancy: 94.3%3 – 4 spaces/1000 SF

Downtown Tampa50,000 - 60,000 jobs

6.3MM SFClass A Rent: $28.27

Class A Occupancy: 89.7%1 – 2 spaces/1000 SF

Q1 2017

Tampa’s Employment Markets

Westshore95,000 - 100,000 jobs

12.5MM SFClass A Rent: $32.28

Class A Occupancy: 94.3%3 – 4 spaces/1000 SF

Downtown Tampa50,000 - 60,000 jobs

6.3MM SFClass A Rent: $30.03

Class A Occupancy: 92.3%1 – 2 spaces/1000 SF

Q3 2018

17,000 SF Absorption

170,000 SF Absorption

…and yet, Tampa is growing and maturing.

Study Observation

A 24-hour, 7-day city

New Residential Population

Arts, Culture, Sports, Entertainment

What is Parking Doing to Affordability?

What is Parking Doing to Affordability?

Building parking adds to the cost of residential units and office space.

With so muchavailability, can better management not address this?

What is Parking Doing to Affordability?

The walking problem might have a price solution.

Study Observation

AverageMonthlyPricing(Off-Street)

Royal Regional$19

Poe$72

Fort Brooke$86/156

South Regional$86

Twiggs$72/144

Zack$33

Whiting$64/130

Pierce$27

Selmon Lots$30

Wait List‘Density’

Royal Regional85%

Poe43%

Fort Brooke43%

South Regional66%

Twiggs20%

Pierce371%

Selmon Lots96% -209%

Ratio of wait-list customers to permit capacity

Sample walk distances(Off-Street)

The pricing problem doesn’t point just to price increases.

Study Observation

Fort Brooke GarageSHOULD BE THE LOWER PRICE

Whiting StreetSHOULD BE THE HIGHER PRICE

Pricing On and Off Street

This involves everyone– in public AND private sectors.

Study Observation

A Three-Phase Process to Balance the Parking System

TDP: Well positioned to build stakeholder support, make a business case, and track parking needs

City: The administrator/operator of the largest share of parking in the system

Private Operators: The balance of the system, with smaller facilities but more downtown coverage

Other cities have taken different approaches to similar challenges.

Learning from Peers

ANN ARBOR APPROACH: PPP MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC PARKING

• Sets public pricing• Enforces• Manages Residential

Permit Program (RPP)

• Coordinates parking availability, location and price

• Issues monthly passes, validations, parking cards

• Maintains meters

City of Ann Arbor

Downtown Development

Authority

Republic Parking System

Overall Management Parking Logistics Human Interface

Public Private Partnership

ANN ARBOR WHAT COULD THIS MODEL LOOK LIKE IN TAMPA?

• Sets public pricing• Enforces• Manages Residential

Permit Program (RPP)

• Coordinates parking availability, location and price

• Passes through sales• Helps to negotiate

arrangements

• Offer sales based on market demand/TDP requests

• Work on pricingadjustment for special purposes

City of Tampa

Tampa Downtown Partnership

Tampa’s Private

Operators

Parking + Transportation Coordination + Logistics Bulk of the System

Public Private Partnership

ANN ARBOR APPROACH: PPP MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC PARKING

KEY PROGRAM SUCCESSES• Express commuter shuttles• Sidewalk improvements• Bike lanes + bike racks• Zip car subsidies

DDA Online menu of transportation choices

• Pedestrian signals• Transit passes subsidized for

downtown employees• Shared parking with key sites,

including downtown high school

INDIANAPOLIS APPROACH: PPP-MANAGED PRIVATE PARKING

Indy-based Private

Corporation

Indy-based Private

Corporation

Minority-owned Parking

Company

Woman-owned Parking

Company

City of Indianapolis

PARK INDY, LLC

+

• Maintains control + flexibility in key areas of economic development, public policy, and rate structures

• Bears all expenses + financial risk

$20m up-front investment

INDIANAPOLIS APPROACH: PPP-MANAGED PRIVATE PARKING

KEY PROGRAM SUCCESSES• Investment spent on

infrastructure improvements • Modernized parking

technology• Revenue sharing structure is

estimated to net the City up to $620m over life of contract

• 200 new jobs in the city (non-parking related) created by one of the companies to boost local economy

NEW HAVEN APPROACH: MANY EFFORTS = COLLECTIVE IMPACT

• Performance-based parking pricing pilot completed

• PPP bike-share program• Obtain foreclosed property to add

parking spaces• Express transit route proposed

Performance-based parking pilot recommended zones

ACHIEVEMENTS

SACRAMENTO APPROACH: CERTIFIED PARTNERS PROGRAM

CPP includes:

CITY OF SACRAMENTO

65 Lots citywide

20kParking spaces

(75% in central city)

6k Parking spaces in

lots/garages

8Garages and lots in

the central city

City owns/operates:

SACRAMENTO APPROACH: CERTIFIED PARTNERS PROGRAM

KEY PROGRAM SUCCESSES• Parking supply meets special event

demand but diffused over larger area (helps traffic management)

• Program is growing- Pay-to-park facilities- Private land uses with free parking for users

- Increased menu of parking options

SacPark Meter Phasing Plan

SACRAMENTO APPROACH: CERTIFIED PARTNERS PROGRAM

PARKING DISCOUNT PROGRAM OPTIONS• Electric Vehicle special monthly permit rates• Discounted Employee Parking Program (DEPP)• Alternative Mode Commuter Option (AMCO)

discount pass• Carpool parking reduced rate in select garages• Bicycle Parking Program• Merchant validation program

Parking Management and Services Program• Sells parking on behalf of others

• Keeps rates competitive

• Provides options to customer

• Ease of use for customer

• Maintain relationship with partners

Clients: mixed use residential parking, office, recreational facilities, etc.

SACRAMENTO APPROACH: CERTIFIED PARTNERS PROGRAM

TEMPE APPROACH: PRIVATE + NON-PROFIT PARKING MANAGEMENT

• Manage meters + contract with private operator

Downtown Tempe

Authority

Central Parking

Authority+

• Manage 18,000 parking spaces

Private property assessment ($1.5m p/a)Annual management fee ($400k) $ Money goes to private

property owners and City Money goes to City general fund to re-invest downtown

REVENUE

TEMPE APPROACH: PRIVATE + NON-PROFIT PARKING MANAGEMENT

KEY PROGRAM SUCCESS• Economic boost in past 6 years

- ASU projects- Whole Foods- 2 new hotels- 2,500 residential units- 3.1 M class A office space

• Free ADA parking in designated on-street, metered areas

• Park Mobile app• Bike share and first Arizona

bicycle commuter facility

Parking Division• Offers private inclusion in public system• Provides tiered ala carte services• Revenue sharing success –

more landowners buying in to program every year(Now 15 facilities with a large hospital garage joining)

Parking / Revenue Sharing Levels• Enforcement Only / In-Kind Services (e.g. security)• Permit Parking / All Net Above Cost

(plus signing, minor maintenance)• Hourly Parking / Negotiated Split

(plus payment equipment, lighting)

FORT LAUDERDALE APPROACH: PUBLIC MANAGES PRIVATE LOTS

Ann Arbor, MI

Old Pasadena, CA

Parking Benefit District