TAKS Gr10 ELA/M/SS/Sci Rel '03 - Texas Education Agency

Page 105

SCIENCE

TAKS Gr10 ELA/M/SS/Sci Rel '03 4/8/03 9:48 AM Page 105

Page 106


Page 107

Density =

( ) = ( )( )( )Speed =

Acceleration =

Momentum = mass × velocity

Force = mass × acceleration

Work = force × distance

Power =

% efficiency = × 100

Kinetic energy = (mass × velocity 2)

Gravitational potential energy = mass × acceleration due to gravity × height

Energy = mass × (speed of light) 2

Velocity of a wave = frequency × wavelength

Current =

Electrical power = voltage × current

Electrical energy = power × time

voltageresistance

12

work outputwork input

worktime

final velocity − initial velocitychange in time

distancetime

specificheat

change intemperature

mass ingrams

heat gained orlost by water

massvolume

FORMULA CHARTfor Grade 10 Science Assessment

Constants/Conversions

g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s 2

c = speed of light = 3 × 10 8 m/s

speed of sound = 343 m/s at 20°C

1 cm 3 = 1 mL

1 wave/second = 1 hertz (Hz)

1 calorie (cal) = 4.18 joules

1000 calories (cal) = 1 Calorie (Cal) = 1 kilocalorie (kcal)

newton (N) = kgm/s 2

joule (J) = Nm

watt (W) = J/s = Nm/s

volt (V) ampere (A) ohm (Ω)

D =

Q = (m)(∆T)(Cp)

s =

a =

p = mv

F = ma

W = Fd

P =

% = × 100

KE =

GPE = mgh

E = mc 2

v = f λ

I =

P = VI

E = Pt

VR

mv 2

2

WO

WI

Wt

vf − vi

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dt

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02

34

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1112

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Centim

eters


Page 108

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Page 109


Page 110 GO ON

DIRECTIONSRead each question and choose the best answer. Then fill in the correct answer on your answerdocument.

SAMPLE A

When a 10% hydrochloric acid solution is heated in an open test tube, the test tube should always be pointed —

A so bubbles are visible

B at a 180° angle from the flame

C toward a ventilated area

D* away from nearby people

10/11 Science Sample A


Page 111

SAMPLE B

Mass = 40 g

Volume = 20 mL

The picture shows a cube that contains 20 mL of a solution. The solution has a mass of 40 grams. What isthe density in g/mL of this solution? Record and bubble in your answer on the answer document.

Correct Answer: 2

10/11 Science Sample B


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1 Dogs (Canis familiaris) are most closelyrelated genetically to which of the followingorganisms?

A African hunting dog (Lycaon pictus)

B* Gray wolf (Canis lupus)

C Grizzly bear (Ursus arctos)

D Domestic cat (Felis catus)

10EN02B06DZ01736

2 The primary way liquids and gases transmitheat is by the process of —

F reflection

G conduction

H radiation

J* convection

10EN05I06BZ01729


Page 113 GO ON

3 During a severe drought a dry lake was explored for fossils. The diagram represents the fossilsuncovered and the layers they were in. According to this information, this area was once a —

A* forest that was replaced by a freshwater lake

B freshwater lake that was replaced by a desert

C saltwater sea that was replaced by a forest

D freshwater lake that was replaced by a forest

10EN01B02CZ01225

Fish skeleton

Shell

Fern frond

Leaf fromhardwood tree

Fossil LayersYoungest

Oldest

4 A laboratory investigation included examiningprepared slides of pond water. Single-celledorganisms with a nucleus and either cilia orflagella were visible. These organismsprobably belong to the kingdom —

F Animalia

G Fungi

H Plantae

J* Protista

10EN02B08CZ01197


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8 How much force is needed to accelerate a 1,300 kg car at a rate of 1.5 m/s 2?

F 867 N

G* 1,950 N

H 8,493 N

J 16,562 N

10EN05I04AZ01775

7 Which of the following shows the length of arubber strip measured precisely to 2.22 centimeters?

A

B

C

D*

10EN01B02BZ01285

6 Which of these is a hypothesis that can betested through experimentation?

F* Bacterial growth increases exponentiallyas temperature increases.

G A fish’s ability to taste food is affected bythe clarity of aquarium water.

H Tadpoles’ fear of carnivorous insect larvaeincreases as the tadpoles age.

J The number of times a dog wags its tailindicates how content the dog is.

10EN01B02AZ01389

+ ++

+

–

–

–

–

5 The picture shows a model of the element —

A fluorine

B helium

C* beryllium

D oxygen

10EN04I07EZ01603


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10 To produce 4 molecules of sugar, a plantneeds —

F 6 molecules of hydrogen

G 12 molecules of ATP

H 18 molecules of water

J* 24 molecules of carbon dioxide

10EN04I08CZ01165-0103

Q

S

R

T

Cross Section of a Leaf

11 Which structure regulates gas exchangeduring the processes of photosynthesis andrespiration?

A Q

B R

C S

D* T

10EN03B13AZ01164-0103

9 Oxygen (O2) is an example of —

A an alloy

B* a molecule

C a salt

D a mixture

10EN04I07EZ01166-0103

Photosynthesis

lightenergy

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O

The first equation represents photosynthesis. Plants use energy from sunlight to produce sugar andoxygen from carbon dioxide and water. The second equation represents aerobic respiration. Plants andanimals release stored energy in a reaction between sugar molecules and oxygen. This reaction producescarbon dioxide and water.

10EN0103

Use the information below and your knowledge of science to answer questions 9–11.


Page 116 GO ON

12 Which conclusion is best supported by thesedata?

F Earth’s surface is composed mostly ofsilicon and calcium.

G Oxygen is closer to Earth’s surface thanaluminum.

H* There is more aluminum than calcium atEarth’s surface.

J Silicon is much heavier than iron atEarth’s surface.

10EN01B02DZ01426

ElementPercent by

Mass

Oxygen 46.6

Silicon 27.7

Aluminum 8.13

Iron 5.00

Calcium 3.63

Most Abundant Elementsat Earth’s Surface

13 The table shows times required for the sametoy car to travel 10 m across an identicalsection of a floor after it is pushed. Thedifference in times was probably caused bydifferences in —

A* force exerted

B surface friction

C air resistance

D car mass

10EN05I04BZ01158

Trial

Toy Car Speed

1

2

3

4

5

7

4

7

Time(s)


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14 Which would most likely cause the liquid in Tube A to rise?

F Starch concentrations being equal on each side of the membrane

G* Water passing from a region of lower starch concentration to one of higher starch concentration

H Water and starch volumes being the same

J Solute in the tubes changing from a higher temperature to a lower temperature

10EN02B04BZ01759

B

Dialysis membrane10 mL of 5% starch solution

10 mL distilled water

Glass tubeTubing

Osmosis Apparatus

A


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17 Which structure in the upper arm isresponsible for raising the lower arm?

A 1

B 2

C* 3

D 4

10EN02B10AZ01313

1

2

3

4

16 Pain medications can be made as powders ortablets. The powders tend to work faster thantablets with the same ingredients becausepowder —

F* dissolves faster in solution than a singletablet

G has more total mass than a single tablet

H travels through the bloodstream moreeasily than a tablet

J is easier to swallow than tablets

10EN01I03BZ01440

15 The reason for wafting or fanning a smallamount of chemical vapors toward the nose asa means to detect odors in a test tube is to —

A avoid experimental error from excessiveloss of mass of reactants or products

B avoid splashing chemicals into the face ofany person

C* protect the respiratory tract againstpotentially harmful vapors

D determine the relative strength of theodor before smelling directly

10EN01B01AZ01386


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20 A car traveled 150 km in 2.5 hours. What wasits average speed in km per hour? Record andbubble in your answer on the answerdocument.

Correct Answer: 60

10EN05I04AZ01811-0151

19 This seed is best dispersed by —

A water

B birds

C* wind

D insects

10EN03B13AZ01156

18 All of the following symptoms are likelyassociated with bacterial infection except —

F skin rashes or lesions

G elevated body temperature

H swollen glands or tissues

J* increased red blood cell count

10EN03B04DZ01704


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21 Which of the following will allowmeasurement of a liquid’s volume withthe greatest precision?

A 50 mL cylinder graduated in 1 mLincrements

B* 100 mL cylinder graduated in 0.5 mLincrements

C 100 mL cylinder graduated in 1 mLincrements

D 200 mL cylinder graduated in 5 mLincrements

10EN01B02BZ01403


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25 The medulla, part of the brain stem, reactsquickly to increased levels of CO2 in the bloodand stimulates a response from the —

A excretory system

B immune system

C* respiratory system

D integumentary system

10EN02B10AZ01176

23 Which organism lives in the human intestineand aids in the digestive process?

A* The bacterium Escherichia coli

B The fungus Trichophyton rubrum

C The protozoan Entamoeba coli

D The algae Fucus vesiculosus

10EN03B04DZ01703

22 The diagram represents the chromosomes of a person with a genetic disorder caused by nondisjunction,in which the chromosomes fail to separate properly. Which chromosome set displays nondisjunction?

F 2

G 8

H* 21

J 23

10EN02B06CZ01307

1

6

13

19 20 21 22X Y23

14 15 16 17 18

7 8 9 10 11 12

2 3 4 5

24 Which of the following is most likely to causeincreases in a predator population?

F Fewer prey

G* A reduction in competition

H More parasites

J A period of drought

10EN03B07BZ01308


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27 Energy conversion within an animal cellwould be severely limited by removal of thecell’s —

A* mitochondria

B chloroplasts

C plastids

D lysosomes

10EN02B04BZ01255

5′ AGAUCGAGU 3′ → 5′ ACAUCGAGU 3′

26 The chain above represents three codons. Which of the following changes would be expected in theamino acid chain if the mutation shown above occurred?

F The amino acid sequence would be shorter than expected.

G* The identity of one amino acid would change.

H The amino acid sequence would remain unchanged.

J The identities of more than one amino acid would change.

10EN02B06CZ01228

Codon ChartSecond Position

U C A G

U

PhenylalaninePhenylalanineLeucineLeucine

SerineSerineSerineSerine

TyrosineTyrosineStopStop

CysteineCysteineStopTryptophan

UCAG

CLeucineLeucineLeucineLeucine

ProlineProlineProlineProline

HistidineHistidineGlutamineGlutamine

ArginineArginineArginineArginine

UCAG

A

IsoleucineIsoleucineIsoleucineMethionine

ThreonineThreonineThreonineThreonine

AsparagineAsparagineLysineLysine

SerineSerineArginineArginine

UCAG

G

ValineValineValineValine

AlanineAlanineAlanineAlanine

Aspartic acidAspartic acidGlutamic acidGlutamic acid

GlycineGlycineGlycineGlycine

UCAG

First Position(5′)

Third Position(3′)


Page 123 GO ON

28 Ten different types of culture media were inoculated with the same strain of bacteria and incubated atthe same temperature. Nine of the cultures grew. Which of these conclusions can be drawn from thisinformation?

F The media used in the experiment are all capable of sustaining bacterial growth.

G The temperature varied greatly during the experiment.

H Only the culture that failed to grow bacteria was inoculated properly.

J* One of the media lacked the nutrients needed for the bacteria to grow.

10EN01B02DZ01392


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31 What is the density at 20°C of 12.0 millilitersof a liquid that has a mass of 4.05 grams?

A* 0.338 g/mL

B 2.96 g/mL

C 16.1 g/mL

D 48.6 g/mL

10EN04I07AZ01707

30 Which organisms in this food web can bedescribed as both primary and secondaryconsumers?

F Hawks

G Weasels

H* Raccoons

J Mice

10EN03B12EZ01315

Hawks

Weasels Raccoons

Mice

Grass/shrubs

29 Which conclusion about the frogs is supportedby these data?

A Four frogs out of ten preferred the greenarea.

B* The frogs randomly moved into thecolored areas.

C Most frogs tended to avoid the red area.

D Most frogs preferred the color blue.

10EN01B02DZ01416

Ten frogs were placed in a large containerwith three sections. Each section had equalamounts of light, shelter, food, and water.Each section was painted a different color: red,green, or blue. Daily observations were madeof the frogs’ locations for six weeks. These datawere compiled to produce the following froglocation frequencies.

Red area = 31%

Green area = 35%

Blue area = 34%

Red

Gre

en

Blu

e


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33 This relationship is an example of —

A predation

B parasitism

C* mutualism

D commensalism

10EN03B12BZ01247

In Central America there is a tree calledbullhorn acacia (Acacia cornigera) thatprovides both food and shelter to a certainspecies of ant (Pseudomyrmex ferruginea). Theants live within the tree without causing itharm. In fact, the ants protect the tree byvigorously attacking and stinging otheranimals that try to eat it.

32 Which switch, if opened, will cause the lightbulb to stop glowing?

F* Q

G R

H S

J T

10EN05I06FZ01116

Q

R

ST

34 The owner of a pet store assures a customerthat if she buys only one female hamster, shewill not need to worry about the hamsterhaving offspring, because there will be nomale with which the female can breed. Whatpossibility is the pet-store owner overlooking?

F The hamster could be infertile.

G The sex of the hamster could change.

H* The hamster could be pregnant.

J The hamster could be a twin.

10EN01I03BZ01437


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38 At 0°C sound travels through air at a speed of 330 m/s. If a sound wave is produced with awavelength of 0.10 m, what is the wave’sfrequency?

F 0.0033 Hz

G 33 Hz

H 330 Hz

J* 3300 Hz

10EN05I05AZ01105

37 Multicellular eukaryotes that are usuallymobile and obtain food from other organismsprobably belong to the kingdom —

A Plantae

B Fungi

C* Animalia

D Protista

10EN02B08CZ01198

36 In the rock cycle, which of these is a chemicalchange involved with the formation of igneousrocks?

F Compression of sediments

G Heat loss from lava

H Subduction of plates

J* Formation of minerals

10EN04I08AZ01766

35 Which of the following pieces of equipmentwould be most appropriate for measuring thevolume of a marble?

A

B*

C

D

10EN01B02AZ01373

cm

12

34

56

78

9

0

10

9090

100

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

mL

g

100 mL


Page 127 GO ON

39 Wolves and hawks are at the same trophic level because they —

A both live on land

B are both large mammals

C* both eat primary consumers

D have similar hunting patterns

10EN03B12EZ01209

Common Food Web

Wolves OwlsHawks

Foxes Snakes

Rabbits Mice Frogs

Grasshoppers

Berries Grass Grain


Page 128 GO ON

42 Which of these characteristics might help aplant species survive in an area with limitedsunlight?

F Bright flowers

G* Large leaves

H Short stems

J Thick cuticles

10EN03B13AZ01309

41 What characteristic of water remains thesame no matter what is dissolved in it?

A* The ratio of hydrogen to oxygen

B The ability to refract light

C The hydroxide ion concentration

D The freezing temperature

10EN04I09AZ01716

40 The diagram represents the total travel of a teacher on a Saturday. Which part of the trip is made atthe greatest average speed?

F Q

G R

H* S

J T

10EN05I04AZ01355

School

Store

Home

Gym

Q

R

T

15 km/9 min12 km/8 min

14 km/12 min 11 km/15 min

S


Page 129 GO ON

43 Approximately how much of the energy available in the tissues of the producer is eventuallyincorporated into the tissues of a secondary consumer?

A* Less than 1%

B Between 20% and 30%

C Approximately 50%

D More than 50%

10EN03B12EZ01248

Consumption 1000 kcal

Consumption 30 kcal

100 kcal incorporatedinto tissues of herbivore

3 kcal incorporatedinto tissues of carnivore

5000 kcal available intissues of plant


Page 130 GO ON

47 Certain chemicals in the diet of moth larvaeseem to influence the early development of themoths’ wings. Careful observation ofdeveloping pupae could result in —

A* data to verify the hypothesis

B changes to the conclusion

C a conclusion about the moths’ eggs

D development of a new moth species

10EN01I03AZ01429

46 What is the current in a copper wire thathas a resistance of 2 ohms and is connectedto a 9-volt electrical source?

F 0.22 amp

G* 4.5 amps

H 11.0 amps

J 18.0 amps

10EN05I06FZ01756

PbO2 → PbO + O2

45 What are the coefficients that will balancethis chemical equation?

A 2, 1, 1

B 3, 4, 2

C* 2, 2, 1

D 4, 3, 2

10EN04I08CZ01777

44 In an investigation 10,000 dung beetles wereexamined for the presence of parasites. Thedata showed that about 5% of the beetles hadparasites. The results are —

F invalid because only dung beetles wereexamined

G unsupported because the parasitepopulation was small

H erroneous because more beetles shouldhave had parasites

J* valid because the sample size wassufficient for accuracy

10EN01B02DZ01418


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49 According to the graph, about how muchhemoglobin would be saturated at an O2pressure of 7.3 kPa?

A 32%

B 67%

C* 89%

D 92%

10EN01B02CZ01288

Partial Pressure of O2(kPa)

Sat

urat

ion

(%)

10987654321

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

Hemoglobin Saturation vs.Partial Pressure of Oxygen

48 Which system is responsible for producingenzymes that aid in breaking down substancesto be absorbed for the body’s growth andrepair?

F* Digestive system

G Reproductive system

H Respiratory system

J Skeletal system

10EN02B10AZ01177


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50 Which of the following salts has the greatest solubility in water at 25°C?

F CaCO3

G FeS

H HgCl2

J* KClO4

10EN04I09DZ01769

Solubility Rules

1. All sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts are soluble.

2. All silver, lead, and mercury salts are insoluble.

3. All carbonates, sulfides, and hydroxides are insoluble.

4. All sulfates are soluble except calcium sulfate and barium sulfate.

51 In this food chain, the spiders are —

A producers

B primary consumers

C competitors

D* secondary consumers

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Plants → Aphids → Spiders → Sparrows


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BE SURE YOU HAVE RECORDED ALL OF YOUR ANSWERS

ON THE ANSWER DOCUMENT.

53 What trait will most likely be observed in alloffspring of the above set of parents?

A* Green feathers

B Yellow feathers

C Long beak

D Short beak

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Gene

Bird Traits

G

g

L

l

Green feathers (dominant)

Yellow feathers (recessive)

Long beak (dominant)

Short beak (recessive)

Trait

GGLl (male) × Ggll (female)

55 Laboratory equipment is cleaned and properlystored after use primarily so that —

A chemical products can be measured andrecorded as data

B time is saved in setting up the nextexperiment

C toxic materials can be kept in thelaboratory

D* the possibility of contamination in thelaboratory is minimized

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54 As temperature drops to the dew point, cloudsform in the atmosphere, and dew forms onground surfaces. A scientist proposes thatadding more water molecules to theatmosphere will change the dew point. Thisproposal is —

F an invalid observation

G* a valid hypothesis

H an invalid problem

J a valid conclusion

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52 Objects of the same mass but of different sizesand shapes were dropped from a given height.Their rates of free fall were measured andrecorded. Which of the following is most likelythe question this experiment was designed toanswer?

F How does height affect the force ofgravity?

G How does gravity affect objects of differentdensities?

H How do mass and weight affect fallingobjects?

J* How do size and shape affect an object’srate of free fall?

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TTAAKKSS GGRRAADDEE 1100 SSPPRRIINNGG 22000033


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TAKS Gr10 ELA/M/SS/Sci Rel '03 - Texas Education Agency