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Tom Kirton - short bio• Solo in 1967
• CFI full time 1973
• CFI, Corporate pilot, Chief Instructor, Check Instructor 141 school, Instructor standardization pilot, Associate Professor Aeronautical Science/Embry-Riddle
• Number 1 interest--helping students begin their flying careers on a foundation of safety, airmanship achieved by mastering “the fundamentals”, and fun!
Here’s what we are going to do-
• Review safety habits in the traffic pattern
• Discuss some training incidents related to traffic patterns
• Enjoy a video of some actual landing bloopers
• Leave here with an increased commitment to keeping our flight environment safe!
A recent study by Grant Brophy - Safety Program Manager for Embry-Riddle-- concluded
•Low altitude
•Near airports
•During daylight hours
•During periods of good visibility
2nd Question
• Where do they happen in the traffic pattern?
– Final approach --13 of the 23 episodes studied!
– Second worst was base to final
– Surprising---crosswind to downwind turn
NTSB lists these as contributing factors
• Failure of pilots to adhere to prescribed communication procedures
• incorrect pattern entry techniques• failing to abide by aircraft right-of-way rules• failure to adhere to ATC instructions• failure to adhere to recommended standard
traffic pattern procedures
NTSB (continued)
• Air Traffic Controllers– failing to separate traffic– failing to issue traffic advisories– failing to identify traffic– failing to verify that aircraft had the correct
traffic in sight
What are some of the problems with these “contributing factor”
areas?
• Do pilots fly a standard traffic pattern in terms of being where you expect to see them?
• How about being cut-off on final? Have you ever been? Have you ever cut someone off? Why did you do it?
Let’s talk about some of the danger areas in the traffic pattern• Entry leg
– Where should it be?– What altitude should we fly it?– What should we do on this leg?
STOP B. Maintain speed or even speed up a little so that the jerk can see that you were too close for him to pull out.
STOP
C. Pass him on the right and give him a “gesture” that shows you are displeased with his decision making process.
180 side approach or emergency landing practice
How do you feel about being wing up or wing down the entire time you are on base and part of final?
Can you depend on everyone flying the same pattern and pattern size?
45 degreeCUB at 50
C172 at 70
Kingair at 120
X
YRadius
50K/30deg = 400ft
70K/30deg = 750ft
(70K/20deg = 1350ft !!!)
120K/30deg = 2500ft
Note--if “Y” distance = 1500 ft. Then time on base at 70K (wings level) = about 12 seconds--is this enough time to LOOK for traffic?
?
Situation--student in airplane A cuts off airplane B and sees traffic just before turning on final.
What should the student do?
A
B
? What if the situation is reversed? Your student is “B” and sees aircraft “A” in a cutoff path--
A
B
Wind is variable at 3-4 knots
How do you think he positioned the flight controls at the start of the takeoff?