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Type of Cassette by IECType I Iron Oxide tapes

Type 2 chrome & cobalt

Type 3 Ferric Oxide & chrome dioxide / Ferrichrome

type 3 Metal cassette

Rectifier Ave DC valueMax Rectification

efficiency

Voltageregulation

Half wave 0.318 Vp 40.60% 121 %

Full wave 0.636 Vp 81.20% 48 %

- < /4 = /4 > /4

Open Inductive parallel inductive

Impedance capacitive series capacitive

ModulatingIndex

SignificantSide bands

1 3

2 4

3 6

4 7

5 8

Class Operation

A Saturation

AB Cut-Off

B Above Cut-Off

C Below Cut-Off

Hard Disk 13 Months

IC 18 Months

Transistor Biasing & Region OperationB-E B-C Operating Mode Application

Forward Reverse Active Amplifier

Forward Forward Saturation Switching

Reverse Reverse Cut-off Switching

Reverse Forward Cut-off Switching

Tunnel/Esaki Diode High Speed switching

PIN Diode High Frequency

Varactor Diode VVC

Computer system1st Gen electro-mechanical calculator

2nd Gen Vacuum tube

3rd Gen Transistor Computer

4th Gen IC Computer

5th Gen VLSI

LED 200,0

ILD 50,0

N-type Expensive

F-type not expensive

PL259 UHF connector

ISDN BRI 2B + D

ISDN PRI(American)

23B + D

ISDN PRI(European)

30B + D

Resonant Impedance Current

Parallel Max Min

Series Min Max

Generator Left Hand Rule

Motor Right Hand Rule

Feedbackconnections

SourceSignal

OutputSignal

Zi Zo

Voltage series V V Inc Dec

Current series V I Inc Inc

Voltage Shunt I V Dec Dec

Current Shunt I I Dec Inc

Computer Sizes

Personal Computer

Mini-Computer

Main-Frame Computer

Super Computer

Beta IB/

Alpha IC/

Gamma IC/

Categories of Measurement StandardInternational International Agreement

Primary

National Standards lab of different

country

Secondary Basic reference standard

WorkingPrincipal tools of measurementstandard

Emission Symbols

Hierarchal StructureClass North American CCITT

1 Regional Quaternary

2 Sectional Tertiary

3 Primary Secondary

4 Toll Primary

5 End Office Logical

1st Type of modulation of main carrier

2nd The nature of signal modulating the main carrier

3rd Type of information to be transmitted

ParameterCommon

BaseCommonEmitter

CommonCollector

Input Impedance low moderate high

Output Impedance high moderate low

Current Gain low (~1) moderate high

Voltage Gain high moderate low (~1)

Power Gain moderate high low

Phase Shift none 1800 none

Pitch (Bend) Angular Rotation of Moving body

Roll (Twist) Rotational displacement

Yaw Angular Displacement of moving joint

Market Situation Sellers Buyers

Perfect Competition Many Many

Monopoly 1 Many

Monopsony Many 1

Bilateral Monopoly 1 1

Duopoly 2 Many

Oligopoly few Many

Oligopsony Many few

Bilateral Oligopoly few few

BASICBeginners All-purpose SymbolicInstruction Code

COBOL Common Business Oriented Language

FORTRAN Formula Translation

HTML Hyper Text Markup Language

URL Uniform Resource Locator

HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

DNS Domain Name System

ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

EDVAC Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer

EDSAC Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator

UNIVAC Universal Automatic Computer