Table of Contentsarco-hvac.ir/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Refrigerants...Refrigerant Reference Guide 5th Edition 2010 Table of Contents Section 2 -- Retrofits and Conversions Page •

Refrigerant Reference Guide 5th Edition 2010

Table of ContentsSection 1 -- Refrigerants -- Technical Guidelines

Page

• Part Numbers

• Refrigerant Property Summary

• Application Summary

• Product Data Summary and Thermodynamic Tables R-11 and R-12 R-13 R-22 R-23 R-123 and R-124 R-134a R-401A and R-401B R-402A and R-402B R-403B R-404A R-407A R-407C R-408A R-409A R-410A R-414B R-416A R-422A and R-422C R-422B and R-422D R-500 and R-502 R-503 R-507 R-508B

• Ultra-Low Temperature Refrigeration

• AHRI Chemical Names and Color Codes

1

2-6

7-8

9-10

11-1314-1516-1718-1920-2223-2425-2728-3031-3233-3435-3637-3839-4041-4243-4445-4647-4849-5152-5455-5758-5960-6162-63

64-65

66

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Table of ContentsSection 2 -- Retrofits and Conversions

Page

• Blend Behavior and Technical Issues

• Retrofit Checklist and System Data Sheet

• Retrofit Guidelines and Procedures

R-12 Retrofitting - General Considerations R-12 to R-134a R-12 to R-401A/B, R-409A, R-414B R-12 to R-416A R-22 to R-407A, R-407C R-22 to R-422B, R-422D R-22 to R-404A, R-507, R-422A, R-422C R-500 to R-401A, R-401B, R-409A, R-414B R-502 to R-402A, R402B, R-408A R-502 to R-404A, R-507 R-502, R-402A, R-402B or R-408A to R-422C R-13 and R-503 to R-23 or R-508B

• Sizing Thermostatic Expansion Devices

67

68-87

88-89

90-101

90919293949596979899

100101

102-104

105-119

121-135

137-147

ii

Section 3 -- Refrigerant Management Services

Section 4 -- Miscellaneous Technical Literature

Section 5 -- Regulatory and EPA Updates

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1. Refrigerants: Technical Data

• NRI Part Numbers

• Properties Summary Table

• Thermodynamic Data

• AHRI Cylinder Color Codes

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2 - 6

7-10

11- 65

66

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PART NO.100R11200R11

30R12145R12

5R139R13

23R1380R13

5R13B110R13B128R13B190R13B1

30R2250R22

125R221000R221750R22

5R239R23

20R2370R23

100R113200R113

30R114

100R123200R123650R123

100CR123200CR123

30R124145R124

DESCRIPTION100 LB. DRUM OF REFRIGERANT 11200 LB. DRUM OF REFRIGERANT 11

30 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 12145 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 12 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

5 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 139 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 13 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT23 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 13 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT80 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 13 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

5 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 13B110 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 13B1 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT28 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 13B1 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT90 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 13B1 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

30 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 2250 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 22125 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 22 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT1000 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 22 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT1750 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 22 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

5 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 239 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 23 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT20 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 23 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT 70 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 23 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

100 LB. DRUM OF REFRIGERANT 113200 LB. DRUM OF REFRIGERANT 113

30 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 114

100 LB. DRUM OF REFRIGERANT 123200 LB. DRUM OF REFRIGERANT 123650 LB. DRUM OF REFRIGERANT 123100 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 123 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT200 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 123 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT


12 OZ. CAN OF REFRIGERANT 134a30 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 134a30 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 134a AUTOMOTIVE VALVE125 LB. OF REFRIGERANT 134a RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT1000 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 134a RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT1750 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 134a RETURNABLE /DEPOSIT

012R134a30R134a

A30R134a125R134a

1000R134a1750R134a

REFRIGERANTS

NRI PRODUCT PART NUMBERS

2

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REFRIGERANTS

PART NO.30R401A

125R401A

30R401B125R401B

27R402A110R402A

13R402B

25R403B110R403B

24R404A100R404A800R404A

1300R404A

25R407A100R407A925R407A

1550R407A

25R407C115R407C925R407C

1550R407C

24R408A100R408A

30R409A125R409A

25R410A100R410A850R410A

1450R410A

25R414B

25R422B110R422B

24R422C

25R422D110R422D

DESCRIPTION30 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 401A125 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 401A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

30 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 401B125 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 401B RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

27 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 402A110 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 402A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

13 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 402B


24 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 404A100 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 404A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT800 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 404A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT1300 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 404A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

25 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 407A100 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 407A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT925 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 407A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT1550 LB CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 407A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

25 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 407C115 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 407C RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT925 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 407C RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT1550 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 407C RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT



25 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 410A100 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 410A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT850 LB. CYLIDNER OF REFRIGERANT 410A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT1450 LB. CYLIDNER OF REFRIGERANT 410A RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

25 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 414B


24 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 422C

25 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 422D110 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 422D RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT


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REFRIGERANTSDESCRIPTION30 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 500125 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 500 RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT




5 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 508B10 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 508B RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT20 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 508B RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT70 LB. CYLINDER OF REFRIGERANT 508B RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT

3 LB. CYLINDER OF R-170 (ETHANE) RETURNABLE/DEPOSIT4 OZ. CYLINDER OF R-170 (ETHANE)4 OZ. CYLINDER OR R-1150 (ETHYLENE)16 OZ. CYLINDER OF R-600 (BUTANE)16 OZ. CYLINDER OF R-600A (ISOBUTANE)14 OZ. CYLINDER OF R-290 (PROPANE)16 OZ. METAL CAN OF PENTANE LIQUID

PART NO.30R500

125R500

30R502125R502

5R5039R503

20R50380R503

25R507100R507800R507

1400R507

5R508B10R508B20R508B70R508B

3R170004R170

004R1150016R600

016R600a014R290

016RPENTANE


DESCRIPTIONHIGH PRESSURE LIQUID REFRIGERANT TEST KITLOW PRESSURE LIQUID REFRIGERANT TEST KITNON-CONDENSABLE VAPOR REFRIGERANT TEST KITOIL ANALYSIS TEST KITHALON ANALYSIS

PART NO.NRIHPNNRILP

NRINCNNRIOA

NRIHALON

ANALYTICAL TESTING

LUBRICANTSPART NO.

1501G3001G5001GWF321TD

150AKB1G200AKB1G300AKB1G

AKB500E1GPE321GPE681GVPO1G

DESCRIPTIONREFRIGERATION MINERAL OIL 150 SUS / 32 ISO VISCOSITY*REFRIGERATION MINERAL OIL 300 SUS / 68 ISO VISCOSITY*REFRIGERATION MINERAL OIL 500 SUS / 100 ISO VISCOSITY*WAX-FREE REFRIGERATION MINERAL OIL 150 SUS / 32 ISO VISCOSITY*WAX-FREE REFRIGERATION MINERAL OIL 300 SUS / 68 ISO VISCOSITY*ALKYLBENZENE OIL 150 SUS / 32 ISO VISCOSITY*ALKYLBENZENE OIL 200 SUS / 46 ISO VISCOSITY*ALKYLBENZENE OIL 300 SUS / 68 ISO VISCOSITY*ALKYLBENZENE OIL 500 SUS / 100 ISO VISCOSITY*POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 150 SUS / 32 ISO VISCOSITY**POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 300 SUS / 68 ISO VISCOSITY**VACUUM PUMP OIL 200 SUS / 46 ISO VISCOSITY**

* Also available in 5 gallon and 55 gallon containers.**Also available in pint, quart and 5 gallon containers

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PART NO.SOLEST321GSOLEST461GSOLEST681G

SOLEST1001GSOLEST1201GSOLEST1501GSOLEST1701GSOLEST2201GCP4214-3201GSOLEST3701G

DESCRIPTIONPOLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 150 SUS / 32 ISO VISCOSITY*POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 200 SUS / 46 ISO VISCOSITY*POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 300 SUS / 68 ISO VISCOSITY*POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 500 SUS / 100 ISO VISCOSITY*POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 600 SUS / 120 ISO VISCOSITY*POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 700 SUS / 150 ISO VISCOSITY*POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 800 SUS / 170 ISO VISCOSITY*POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 1000 SUS / 220 ISO VISCOSITY*CP4214-320 LUBRICANT 1500 SUS / 320 ISO VISCOSITY*POLYOLESTER LUBRICANT 1700 SUS / 370 ISO VISCOSITY*

SOLEST LUBRICANTS

*Also available in 5 gallon and 55 gallon containers.

CHEMICALSPART NO.

N4820N4830N4835N4840N4855N4860N4880N4890

NDS17OZNDS1G

NS16OZNS1GNIMC

NIMC1G

NSR1GNSR5G

AN1GNKB1GNKN1GNKF1GNMK1GN

5PG9655PG961PG705PG70

55PG705PG40

55PG4055PG35D

PROPYL55G

DESCRIPTION12 OZ SPRAY ADHESIVE14 OZ ELECTRIC CONTACT CLEANER20 OZ ELECTRIC MOTOR CLEANER11 OZ FOOD GRADE SILICONE19 OZ PENETRATING LUBRICANT19 OZ MULTI KLEEN, AEROSOL20 OZ BLAST KLEEN CONDENSER COIL CLEANER19 OZ EVAP KLEEN, EVAPORATOR COIL CLEANER

17 OZ HD SOLVENT1 GALLON HD SOLVENT

16 OZ NICKEL SAFE ICE MACHINE CLEANER1 GALLON NICKEL SAFE ICE MACHINE CLEANER8 OZ ICE MACHINE CLEANER1 GALLON ICE MACHINE CLEANER

1 GALLON SCALE REMOVER5 GALLON SCALE REMOVER

1 GALLON CONTAINER OF ALKA KLEEN COIL CLEANER**1 GALLON CONTAINER OF KLEEN BRITE COIL CLEANER**1 GALLON CONTAINER OF KLEEN COIL CLEANER**1 GALLON CONTAINER OF KLEEN FOAM COIL CLEANER**1 GALLON CONTAINER OF MULTI KLEEN COIL CLEANER**

5 GALLON CONTAINER OF 96% INHIBITED PROPYLENE GLYCOL55 GALLON CONTAINER OF 96% INHIBITED PROPYLENE GLYCOL1 GALLON CONTAINER OF 70% INHIBITED PROPYLENE GLYCOL5 GALLON CONTAINER OF 70% INHIBITED PROPYLENE GLYCOL55 GALLON CONTAINER OF 70% INHIBITED PROPYLENE GLYCOL5 GALLON CONTAINER OF 40% INHIBITED PROPYLENE GLYCOL55 GALLON CONTAINER OF 40% INHIBITED PROPYLENE GLYCOL55 GALLON CONTAINER OF 35% INHIBITED PROPYLENE GLYCOL55 GALLON CONTAINER OF 99.9% UNINHIBITED USP FOOD GRADE PROPYLENE GLYCOL

**Also available in 2.5 gallon and 55 gallon containers

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RECOVERY CONTAINERS


PART NO.DC30

100RC30100RC40100RC50

125RC50F125RC50HP200RC125

1500RC10004500RC2000

130RC9150RC23200RC80

DESCRIPTIONEZ ONE SHOT DISPOSABLE RECOVERY CYLINDER30 LB. RECOVERY CYLINDER ($100.00 DEPOSIT)40 LB. RECOVERY CYLINDER ($100.00 DEPOSIT)50 LB. RECOVERY CYLINDER ($100.00 DEPOSIT)50 LB. RECOVERY CYLINDER W/FLOAT ($125.00 DEPOSIT)50 LB. RECOVERY CYLINDER RATED 400 PSI ($125.00 DEPOSIT)125 LB. RECOVERY CYLINDER ($200.00 DEPOSIT)1000 LB. RECOVERY CYLINDER ($1500.00 DEPOSIT)2000 LB. RECOVERY CYLINDER ($4500.00 DEPOSIT)9 LB. VERY HIGH PRESSURE RECOVERY CYLINDER ($130.00 DEPOSIT)23 LB. VERY HIGH PRESSURE RECOVERY CYLINDER ($150.00 DEPOSIT)80 LB. VERY HIGH PRESSURE RECOVERY CYLINDER ($200.00 DEPOSIT)

Deposits subject to change

CYLINDER REFURBISHINGPART NO.

CYLDISPDRUMDISP

HST125HST240HST

1/2TONHSTTONHST

HSTR125HSTR240HSTR

1/2TONHSTRTONHSTR

DESCRIPTIONDISPOSAL OF EMPTY NON-REFILLABLE CYLINDERDISPOSAL OF EMPTY NON-REFILLABLE DRUMSHYDROSTATIC TESTING - 30 / 40 / 50 LB. CYLINDERHYDROSTATIC TESTING - 125 LB. CYLINDERHYDROSTATIC TESTING - 240 LB. CYLINDERHYDROSTATIC TESTING - 1/2 TON CYLINDERHYDROSTATIC TESTING - TON CYLINDERREFURBISHING & HYDROSTATIC TESTING - 30 / 40/ 50 LB. CYLINDERREFURBISHING & HYDROSTATIC TESTING - 125 LB. CYLINDERREFURBISHING & HYDROSTATIC TESTING - 240 LB. CYLINDERREFURBISHING & HYDROSTATIC TESTING - 1/2 TON CYLINDERREFURBISHING & HYDROSTATIC TESTING - TON CYLINDER

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TechnicalGuidelines

RefrigerantName

COMPONENTS(Weight %) TYPE

TEMP. GLIDE (˚F) LUBRICANTS COMMENTS

R-22

R-23

R-123

R-124

R-134a

R-401A

R-401B

R-402A

R-402B

R-403B

R-404A

PURE

PURE

PURE

PURE

PURE

22/152a/124(53/13/34)

22/152a/124(61/11/28)

125/290/22(60/2/38)

125/290/22(38/2/60)

290/22/218(5/56/39)

125/143a/134a(44/52/4)

HCFC

HFC

HCFC

HCFC

HFC

HCFCBLEND

HCFCBLEND

HCFCBLEND

HCFCBLEND

HCFCBLEND

HFCBLEND

0

0

0

0

0

8

8

2.5

2.5

2

1.5

Mineral Oil orAlkylbenzene

Polyolester



Polyolester

Alkylbenzeneor MO/AB Mix





Polyolester

Refrigeration systems, commercialrefrigeration, air conditioning, chillers.

Very low temperature refrigeration.Properties similar to R-13; can alsoretrofit R-503.

Low pressure centrifugal chillers. Can retrofit R-11 equipment with modifications.

High ambient air conditioning. Canretrofit R-114 equipment withmodifications.

Medium temperature refrigeration, chillers, automotive A/C. Can retrofitR-12 and R-500 equipment.

Low/medium temperature refrigeration.Can retrofit R-12 and R-500 equipment.

Low/medium temperature refrigeration. Can retrofit R-12 and R-500 equipment.

Low/medium temperature refrigeration.Can retrofit R-502 equipment.

Has been used successfully to retrofitR-13B1-type equipment, but has slightly different operating conditions.

Ice machines. Can retrofit R-502equipment.

Low/medium temperature refrigeration.Can retrofit R-502 or R-22 equipment with modifications.

Refrigerant Reference Guide 7 5th Edition 2010

Property Summary

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TechnicalGuidelines

RefrigerantName

COMPONENTS(Weight %) TYPE

TEMP. GLIDE (˚F) COMMENTS

R-408A

R-409A

R-410A

R-414B

R-416A

R-422B

R-422C

R-422D

R-507

R-508B

125/143a/22(7/46/47)

22/124/142b(60/25/15)

32/125(50/50)

22/124/600a/142b(50/39/1.5/9.5)

134a/124/600

(59/39.5/1.5)

125/134a/600a(55/42/3)

125/134a/600a(82/15/3)

125/134a/600a(65.1/13.5/3.4)

125/143a(50/50)

23/116(46/54)

HCFC

BLEND

HFCBLEND

HCFCBLEND

HCFCBLEND

HFCBLEND

HFCBLEND

HFCBLEND

HFCBLEND

HFCBLEND

10

10

1

13

0.2

13

3

5

5

5

0

0


New residential A/C systems. Not forretrofitting.

Medium temperature refrigeration,automotive A/C. Can retrofit R-12equipment.

Medium temperature refrigeration,air conditioning. Can retrofit R-22equipment.

Low/medium temperature refrigeration.Can retrofit R-502 and R-22 equipment,with modifications.



Low/medium temperature refrigeration,some A/C, automotive A/C. Can retrofit R-12 equipment.

Property Summary

Low/medium temperature refrigeration,some A/C. Can retrofit R-12 or R-500equipment.

Low/medium temperature refrigeration.Can retrofit R-502 or R-22 equipmentwith modifications.

Very low temperature refrigeration.Can retrofit R-13 or R-503 equipment.

R-407A

R-407C

32/125/134a(20/40/40)

32/125/134a(23/25/52)

HFCBLEND

HFCBLEND

LUBRICANTS

Mineral Oil, Alkylbenzene or

Polyolester


Polyolester


Polyolester



Polyolester



Polyolester

Polyolester

Polyolester

Polyolester orPOE/MO Mix

Polyolester orPOE/MO Mix


Low/medium temperature refrigeration,air conditioning. Can retrofit R-22equipment.

HCFCBLEND

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Refrigerant Reference Guide

Technical Guidelines

9

Application Summary

5th Edition 2010

ASHRAE #COMPONENTS

(WEIGHT %)CHARGING

(% ORIGINAL) APPLICATION COMMENTS

Low-Medium Temperature Refrigeration (R-502 type)

Low-Medium Temperature Refrigeration (R-22 type)

R-402A

R-402B

R-404A

R-408A

R-422C

R-507

125/143a/134a(44/52/4)

95 -100%

95 -100%

85 - 90%

85 - 90%

95 -100%

85 - 90%

Overall Concerns:

Discharge temperature is important - can’t tolerate large increase. Higher discharge pressure can affect controls. If oil return is not already a problem with R-502, the blendswill not necessarily make things worse. HFC blends will need POE. Most of the blendshave very low glide. Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):

R-408A Closest match to R-502 properties and performance. Slightly higher discharge temperatureR-402A Higher discharge pressure, lower discharge temperature than R-408AR-402B Similar discharge pressure, higher discharge temperature. Good for ice machines. ***R-408A, R-402A and R-402B might have problems with oil circulation and will benefit from at least a partial change to alkylbenzene. They are also HCFC-based and are subject to leak repair regulations.***R-422C Similar in pressure/temperature to R-502, but will show some loss in capacity. Hydrocarbon components in the blend will promote mineral oil circulation in some systems. Addition of POE may be required in larger systems for proper oil return.R-404A & R-507 Can be used to retrofit R-502 but mineral oil must be flushed with POE.Options in New Equipment

R-407A Being used in some supermarkets as a lower GWP option.R-404A & R-507 Off the shelf equipment (standard design). These two are interchangeable with each other in new equipment.

Overall Concerns:

Capacity match to R-22 is important in capacity-critical applications. Storage applications can tolerate a loss of capacity traded off for longer run times. TXVoperation and distributor capacity should be close to R-22 to avoid costly component changes. All retrofit blends will operate at lower discharge temperatures than R-22. Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):

R-407A Similar capacity and TXV/distributor/pressure drop performance.R-407C Slightly lower capacity, similar TXV/distributor/pressure drop performance. R-407A and R-407C will require a change from mineral oil to POE for proper oil circulation. Partial POE replacement of mineral should work in most systems. R-422D Lower capacity, change in TXV/distributor/pressure drop performance.R-422B Significant drop in capacity at lower temperatures, change in TXV/distributor/ pressure drop.R-422C Higher capacity, TXV change. Similar to R-404A. All R-422 blends contain a hydrocarbon that will promote mineral oil circulation in some systems. Addition of POE may be required in larger systems for proper oil return.R-404A & R-507 Can be used to retrofit, however mineral oil must be flushed, POE used instead, and system components (TXVs, etc.) will need to be changed.Options in New Equipment

R-407A Being used in some supermarkets as a lower GWP option.R-404A & R-507 Off the shelf equipment (standard design). These two are interchangeable with each other in new equipment.

R-404A

R-407A

R-407C

R-422B

R-422C

R-422D

R-507

125/134a/600a(82/15/3)

85 - 90%

95 -100%

95 -100%

95 -100%

95 -100%

95 -100%

85 - 90%

125/143a(50/50)

125/134a/600a(82/15/3)

125/143a/22(7/46/47)

125/290/22(60/2/38)

125/290/22(38/2/60)

125/143a(50/50)

125/134a/600a(65.1/31.5/3.4)

125/143a/134a(44/52/4)

32/125/134a(20/40/40)

32/125/134a(23/25/52)

125/134a/600a(55/42/3)

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10

Application Summary

ASHRAE #COMPONENTS

(WEIGHT %)CHARGING

(% ORIGINAL) APPLICATION COMMENTS

Air Conditioning (R-22 type)

R-414B

R-416A

80-85%

95 -100%

Overall Concerns:At higher evaporator temperatures, blends that contain R-22 will cause higher dischargetemperatures. R-414B contains less R-22 and R-416A is based on R-134a. These productswill produce lower discharge temperatures, but they will also lose some capacity compared to the other R-12 retrofit products listed above. Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):R-414B, R-416A Only these two products are approved for automotive A/C retrofit.R-401A, R-401B, R-409A For R-12 or R-500 air conditioning (direct expansion systems).

R-134a

R-401A

R-401B

R-409A 22/124/142b(60/25/15)

90%

80 - 85%

80 - 85%

80 - 85%

Overall Concerns:Match R-12 evaporator conditions (slightly higher discharge pressures OK).Oil return must be addressed. Temperature glide not a problem in most applications.Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):R-409A Better at lower temperatures, maintains performance, higher discharge temperature and pressure.R-414B Better at warmer temperatures, lower discharge temperature than R-409A.R-401A Good overall performance, need AB oil below 30˚F coil temperatures.R-401B Better at lower temperatures, needs AB oil to replace 50% mineral oil.R-416A Biggest change in properties, poor low temperature performance.

Medium-High Temperature Refrigeration (R-12 type), Automotive Air Conditioning

Low-MediumTemperature Refrigeration (R-12 type)

R-407C

R-410A

R-422B

R-422D

22/124/600a/142b(50/39/1.5/9.5)

134a/124/600(59/39.5/1.5)

32/125/134a

(23/25/52)

95 -100%

New Equip.only

9 5-100%

95 -100%

Overall Concerns:Keep component changes to a minimum (similar TXV or orifice size, minimize pressuredrop), maintain capacity unless the system is oversized enough to handle a drop in capacity.Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):R-407C Lowest GWP, similar capacity and component operation (TXV/orifice).R-422B or R-422D Slight drop in capacity, possible change of components based on pressure drop. Hydrocarbon components in the blends will promote mineral oil circulation in some systems. Addition of POE may be required in larger systems for proper oil return.New equipment is designed around R-410A. Higher pressure and capacity exclude R-410A from being used as a retrofit blend.

125/134a/600a(65.1/31.5/3.4)

32/125(50/50)

125/134a/600a(55/42/3)

High Ambient and Centrifugal Chillers

R-124

R-123

PURE

PURE

N/A

N/A

Existing R-114 high ambient A/C systems can be modified to use R-124. New systems are available with R-134a. Centrifugal chillers require major equipmentupgrades to retrofit to another refrigerant. Chiller manufacturers will need to beconsulted for such jobs.

22/152a/124(53/13/34)

PURE

22/152a/124(61/11/28)

Very Low Temperature and Cascade Refrigeration (R-13 and R-503 type)

R-23

R-508B

R-403B

95%

R-13: 105-110%R-503: 90-95%

70 - 75%

PURE

23/116(46/54)

290/22/218(5/26/39)

R-13 systems can be retrofitted to R-23 or R-508B. R-23 will have similar run-time properties to R-13 but there will be higher discharge temperatures. R-503 systemsshould use R-508B

R-403B has been successfully used in R-13B1 systems but the evaporator will likelyrun under vacuum conditions.

Air Conditioning (R-22 type)

Plate: Black

Available in the following sizes

Pressure-Temp Chart

27.0”26.5”26.0”25.4”24.7”23..9”23.1“22.1”21.1”19.9’18.6’17.2”15.6”13.9”12.0”10.0”7.8”5.4”2.8”0.01.53.24.96.88.8

10.913.215.618.221.024.027.130.434.037.7

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

11.0”8.4”5.5”2.3”0.62.44.56.79.2

11.814.617.721.024.628.532.637.041.746.752.057.763.870.277.084.291.899.8108117127136147158169181194207220234

Physical Properties of Refrigerants

Environmental ClassificationMolecular WeightBoiling Point (1 atm, ˚F)Critical Pressure (psia)Critical Temperature (˚F)Critical Density, (lb./ft^ 3)Liquid Density (70 ˚F, lb./ft ^ 3)Vapor Density (bp, lb./ft ^ 3)Heat of Vaporization (bp, BTU/lb.)Specific Heat Liquid (70 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)Specific Heat Vapor (1 atm, 70 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)Ozone Depletion Potential (CFC 11 = 1.0)Global Warming Potential (CO2 = 1.0) ASHRAE Standard 34 Safety Rating

R-12

CFC120.9-21.6600

233.535.3

82.960.39371.2

0.23240.1455

1.010910

A1


R-11 and R-12Technical

Guidelines

R-11

CFC137.474.7

639.338834.6

92.730.36577.9

0.20930.1444 (sat)

1.04750

A1

Application: Large centrifugal chillers, open drive A/C, process cooling, high-medium-low temperature refrigeration (large and small systems)

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral oil

Retrofitting to: R-134a page 90, 91 R-401A, R-401B page 90, 92 R-409A page 90, 92 R-414B page 90, 92 R-416A page 90, 93

R-11psig

Temp(˚F)

R-12psig

R-11100 LB DRUM200 LB. DRUM

R-1230 LB. CYLINDER

145 LB. CYLINDER

R-11Application: Large low pressure centrifugal chillers


Retrofitting: • R-123 is being successfully used to retrofit R-11 chillers • Retrofit jobs are usually done in cooperation with equipment manufacturers

R-12

Plate: Black



THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF R-11

Temp

[˚F]

3035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160165170175180185190195200205210215220225230235240

PressureLiquid[psia]

5.66.37.07.98.89.8

10.912.113.414.816.317.919.721.623.625.728.130.533.236.038.942.145.449.052.856.760.965.370.074.980.085.491.197.1

103.3109.8116.7123.8131.3139.1147.2155.6164.5

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

95.9395.5495.1494.7594.3593.9593.5593.1492.7392.3291.9191.5091.0890.6690.2389.8189.3888.9488.5188.0787.6287.1786.7286.2685.8085.3384.8684.3983.9183.4282.9382.4381.9381.4280.9080.3879.8579.3178.7678.2177.6577.0876.50

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.14810.16540.18420.20470.22690.25090.27690.30490.33510.36760.40240.43970.47970.52240.56800.61670.66840.72350.78200.84420.9100.9801.0541.1321.2151.3021.3941.4921.5941.7021.8161.9362.0622.1952.3352.4822.6362.7992.9703.1493.3383.5363.745

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

14.1415.1616.1917.2318.2619.3020.3421.3922.4423.4924.5425.6026.6627.7328.8029.8730.9432.0233.1134.2035.2936.3937.4938.5939.7040.8241.9443.0644.1945.3346.4747.6248.7749.9351.0952.2653.4454.6255.8257.0158.2259.4360.65

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

95.9496.5697.1797.7998.4199.0299.64100.3100.9101.5102.1102.7103.3103.9104.5105.1105.7106.3106.9107.5108.1108.7109.3109.9110.5111.0111.6112.2112.7113.3113.8114.4114.9115.4116.0116.5117.0117.5118.0118.5118.9119.4119.8

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

0.031120.033210.035280.037330.039370.041390.04340.0454

0.047380.049350.051310.053260.055190.057110.059020.060920.062810.064690.066560.068420.070270.072110.073940.075760.077580.079390.081190.082980.084760.086540.088320.090080.091840.093600.095350.097100.098840.10060.10230.10400.10580.10750.1092

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.19820.19770.19730.197

0.19660.19630.196

0.19570.19550.19520.19500.19480.19460.19450.19430.19420.19410.19400.19390.19390.19380.19370.19370.19370.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19370.19370.19370.19370.19370.19380.19380.19380.19380.1938

12

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]

-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160


5.46.27.18.19.3

10.612.013.515.217.119.221.423.826.429.332.435.739.343.147.251.656.361.366.672.378.484.891.598.7

106.3114.3122.7131.6141.0150.8161.1172.0183.3195.2207.7220.7234.4248.6263.5279.0

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

96.6396.1495.6695.1794.6894.1893.6893.1892.6792.1691.6591.1390.6190.0889.5589.0288.4887.9387.3886.8286.2585.6885.1084.5283.9283.3282.7182.0981.4780.8380.1879.5278.8578.1677.4676.7576.0275.2874.5173.7372.9372.1071.2470.3669.45

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.15370.17560.19990.22680.25650.289

0.32470.36370.40630.45250.50280.55730.61620.67980.74830.82210.90130.98641.0781.1751.2791.3911.5101.6371.7721.9152.0682.2312.4042.5882.7832.9913.2113.4453.6943.9584.2384.5374.8555.1935.5545.9396.3516.7927.265

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-4.145-3.115-2.081-1.0430.0001.0472.0983.1544.2145.2806.3507.4258.5059.59110.6811.7812.8813.9915.1016.2217.3518.4819.6220.7721.9223.0824.2525.4326.6127.8029.0130.2231.4432.6733.9135.1636.4337.7038.9940.3041.6142.9544.3045.6747.06

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

70.9971.5672.1372.7073.2773.8474.4174.9875.5576.1176.6877.2477.8078.3578.9079.4580.0080.5481.0781.6182.1382.6583.1783.6884.1884.6785.1685.6486.1186.5887.0387.4787.9088.3288.7389.1289.5089.8790.2290.5590.8691.1591.4291.6691.87

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.01010-0.00754-0.00501-0.002490.000000.002470.004930.007360.009780.012180.014570.016930.019290.021620.023950.026250.028550.030830.033100.035360.037610.039840.042070.044280.046490.048690.050880.053060.055240.057400.059570.061730.063880.066030.068180.070320.072470.074610.076760.078900.081060.083210.085380.087550.08973

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.17790.17700.17610.17530.17460.17390.17320.17260.17200.17150.17100.17050.17000.16960.16920.16880.16850.16810.16780.16750.16730.16700.16680.16650.16630.16610.16590.16570.16550.16530.16510.16490.16480.16460.16440.16420.16400.16380.16360.16340.16320.16290.16270.16240.1621

13

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

10152025303540

4.5”0.32.14.77.6

10.814.318.222.527.232.337.843.950.457.565.173.382.191.6102113122136149163177193209226244264284305

Physical Properties of RefrigerantsEnvironmental Classification

Molecular Weight

Boiling Point (1 atm, ˚F)

Critical Pressure (psia)

Critical Temperature (˚F)

Critical Density, (lb./ft^ 3)

Liquid Density (20 ˚F, lb./ft ^ 3)

Vapor Density (bp, lb./ft ^ 3)

Heat of Vaporization (bp, BTU/lb.)

Specific Heat Liquid (20 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)

Specific Heat Vapor (1 atm, 20 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)

Ozone Depletion Potential (CFC 11 = 1.0)

Global Warming Potential (CO2 = 1.0)

ASHRAE Standard 34 Safety Rating

R-13CFC

104.5

-114.3

567.8

84.6

35.9

72.7

0.4332

64.35

0.2121

0.1451

1.0

14400

A1


R-13Technical

Guidelines

Applications: Very low temperature refrigeration

Performance: Operates in the low temperature stage of the cascade system because of its low boiling point


Retrofitting to: R-23 page 101 R-508B page 101

See Ultra-Low Temperature Refrigeration Section - Pages 64 - 65

Temp(˚F)

R-13(psig)

R-135 LB. CYLINDER9 LB. CYLINDER

23 LB. CYLINDER80 LB. CYLINDER

R-13

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]

-140-135-130-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

10152025303540


6.47.79.1

10.712.514.516.819.322.225.428.932.737.041.646.752.258.264.771.779.387.496.2

105.6115.6126.4137.8150.0163.0176.7191.3206.8223.1240.4258.6277.9298.2319.5

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

98.2097.5696.9296.2795.6294.9694.3093.6392.9592.2791.5890.8790.1789.4588.7287.9887.2386.4685.6984.9084.1083.2782.4481.5880.7179.8178.8977.9476.9675.9674.9173.8372.7171.5470.3169.0167.64

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.20080.23590.27560.32040.37070.42690.48940.55880.63560.72030.81350.91581.0281.1501.2831.4281.5861.7571.9422.1432.3602.5942.8483.1213.4163.7354.0784.4504.8515.2865.7566.2676.8237.4308.0948.8249.632

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-21.91-20.89-19.86-18.82-17.78-16.73-15.67-14.61-13.54-12.46-11.37-10.28-9.173-8.061-6.939-5.809-4.668-3.517-2.356-1.1840.0001.1962.4053.6274.8636.1147.3818.6669.96811.2912.6314.0015.3916.8118.2719.7621.29

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

45.0845.5846.0846.5747.0647.5548.0348.5148.9849.4549.9150.3750.8251.2651.7052.1252.5452.9553.3453.7354.1154.4754.8255.1555.4755.7756.0656.3256.5756.7956.9857.1557.2857.3857.4357.4457.39

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.059-0.05582-0.05268-0.04957-0.04649-0.04343-0.04040-0.03739-0.03441-0.03145-0.02851-0.02559-0.02269-0.01980-0.01693-0.01408-0.01124-0.00841-0.00560-0.002800.000000.002790.005570.008340.011110.013880.016650.019430.022200.024990.027780.030590.033420.036270.039150.042060.04503

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.15060.14890.14730.14580.14440.14300.14180.14060.13940.13830.13730.13630.13530.13440.13350.13270.13190.13110.13040.12960.12890.12820.12760.12690.12620.12560.12490.12420.12360.12290.12220.12150.12070.12000.11910.11820.1173

15

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

0.52.64.97.4

10.113.216.520.124.028.232.837.743.048.854.961.568.576.084.092.6102111121132144156168182196211226243260278297317337359382


Molecular Weight













R-22HCFC

86.5

-41.5

723.7

205.1

32.7

75.3

0.294

100.5

0.2967

0.1573

0.05

1810

A1


R-22Technical

Guidelines

Applications: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration and air conditioning

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral, alkylbenzene and polyolester lubricant

Retrofitting to: R-407A or R-407C page 94 R-422B page 95 R-422C page 96 R-422D page 95 R-404A or R-507 page 96

Temp(˚F)

R-22psig


125 LB. CYLINDER1000 LB. CYLINDER1750 LB. CYLINDER

R-22

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160


8.810.211.713.415.317.319.622.124.927.931.234.838.743.047.552.557.863.569.776.283.390.898.8

107.3116.3125.9136.1146.9158.3170.4183.1196.5210.6225.5241.1257.5274.7292.7311.6331.4352.1373.7396.4420.0444.7

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]89.8289.3388.8388.3387.8287.3286.8086.2985.7685.2484.7184.1783.6383.0882.5281.9681.3980.8280.2479.6579.0578.4477.8377.2076.5775.9275.2774.6073.9273.2372.5271.8071.0670.3069.5268.7267.9067.0566.1865.2764.3263.3462.3161.2260.07

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.18270.20870.23740.26920.30420.34270.38490.43100.48130.53600.59550.66000.72990.80540.88680.97461.0691.1711.2801.3961.5221.6561.7991.9522.1162.2912.4782.6782.8913.1183.3613.6203.8974.1934.5104.8495.2135.6046.0246.4776.9667.4978.0758.7069.400

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-5.189-3.897-2.602-1.3030.0001.3082.6203.9375.2606.5887.9239.26310.6111.9613.3314.6916.0717.4618.8520.2521.6623.0824.5125.9627.4128.8730.3531.8433.3434.8636.3937.9439.5041.0842.6944.3145.9547.6249.3251.0452.8054.5956.4258.3160.24

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]98.0998.6699.2299.79100.3100.9101.4102.0102.5103.0103.6104.1104.6105.1105.6106.1106.5107.0107.4107.9108.3108.7109.1109.5109.9110.3110.6110.9111.2111.5111.8112.0112.3112.5112.7112.8112.9113.0113.0113.0113.0112.9112.8112.5112.2

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01264-0.00943-0.00626-0.003110.000000.003090.006150.009180.012200.015190.018150.021100.024030.026940.029830.032700.035560.038410.041240.044060.046860.049660.052440.055220.057980.060740.063500.066250.068990.071730.074470.077210.079960.082700.085450.088210.090980.093760.096560.099370.10220.10510.10800.11100.1140

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.24580.24400.24230.24070.23910.23760.23610.23480.23340.23210.23090.22960.22850.22730.22630.22520.22420.22310.22220.22120.22030.21940.21850.21760.21670.21590.21500.21420.21330.21250.21170.21080.21000.20910.20830.20740.20650.20560.20460.20360.20260.20150.20040.19920.1979

17

Plate: Black



Molecular Weight













R-23HFC

70

-115.6

701.4

78.7

32.8

67.46

0.29

102.7

0.4063

0.1663

0

14800

A1


R-23Technical

Guidelines

Applications: Very low temperature refrigeration

Performance: Operates in the low temperature stage of a cascade system

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with polyolester lubricant

Retrofitting: Replacement for R-13 page 101

See Ultra-Low Temperature Refrigeration Section - page 64-65

Pressure-Temp Chart

-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520

7.8”4.0”0.32.95.89.0

12.716.721.326.331.837.944.652.060.068.778.188.399.4111124138152168185203222242264287

Temp(˚F)

R-23psig



R-23

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]

-140-135-130-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

10152025303540


6.37.69.1

10.812.815.117.620.623.827.531.636.141.246.752.959.667.075.083.793.2

103.5114.6126.6139.5153.3168.1184.0201.0219.1238.4258.9280.8303.9328.5354.6382.1411.3

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

92.7292.2091.6691.1290.5790.0089.4388.8488.2487.6387.0086.3685.7085.0384.3583.6482.9382.1981.4380.6679.8679.0478.2077.3476.4485.5274.5773.5872.5571.4970.3869.2268.0066.7265.3663.9262.36

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.13120.15620.18500.21780.25500.29720.34460.39780.45720.52340.59700.67840.76840.86750.97651.0961.2271.3701.5271.6981.8842.0872.3072.5472.8083.0923.4023.7394.1064.5084.9485.4315.9636.5517.2067.9408.769

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-30.60-29.15-27.70-26.25-24.78-23.31-21.84-20.35-18.86-17.35-15.84-14.32-12.78-11.23-9.671-8.097-6.509-4.906-3.288-1.6530.0001.6713.3615.0726.8068.56310.3412.1513.9915.8717.7719.7221.7123.7625.8628.0330.28

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

77.4377.9878.5279.0579.5880.0980.5981.0981.5682.0382.4882.9283.3483.7584.1484.5184.8685.1985.5085.7986.0686.3086.5286.7086.8686.9887.0687.1187.1187.0786.9786.8186.5986.2885.8985.3984.75

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.08247-0.07799-0.07356-0.06919-0.06486-0.06058-0.05634-0.05214-0.04798-0.04385-0.03975-0.03568-0.03163-0.02762-0.02362-0.01964-0.01569-0.01175-0.00782-0.003900.000000.003900.007790.011680.015560.019460.023350.027260.031190.035130.039100.043100.047150.051240.055410.059660.06402

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.25550.25200.24860.24550.24240.23940.23660.23390.23120.22870.22620.22380.22150.21930.21710.21500.21290.21090.20890.20700.20510.20320.20130.19950.19760.19580.19400.19210.19030.18840.18640.18440.18240.18020.17800.17560.1730

19

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

27.8”27.4”26.9””26.4”25.9”25.2”24..5”23.8”22.8”21.8”20.7”19.5”18.1”16.6”14.9’13.0”11.2”8.9”6.5”4.1”1.2”0.92.54.36.18.1

10.312.615.117.820.623.626.830.233.9

16.1”14.1”12.0”9.6”6.9”3.9”0.6”1.63.55.78.1

10.513.216.119.222.626.330.234.438.943.748.854.260.066.172.679.586.894.5103111120130140150


Molecular Weight













R-124HCFC

136.5

10.3

527.1

252.5

34.6

85.5

0.419

70.6

0.265

0.1762

0.03

609

A1



Guidelines

R-123HCFC

152.9

82.1

531.1

362.6

34.3

91.95

0.404

73.2

0.2329

0.1645(sat)

0.0015

77

B1

Applications: High ambient air conditioning

Performance: Slightly higher pressures and slightly lower capacity when used in an R-114 system

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral oil and alkylbenzene oil

Retrofitting: Consult equipment manufacturer’s guidelines

R-123psig

Temp(˚F)

R-124psig

R-123100 LB DRUM200 LB. DRUM650 LB. DRUM

R-12430 LB. CYLINDER

145 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-114

R-123Replaces: R-11

Applications: Large low presure centrifugal chillers

Performance: May require replacement seals, gaskets and other components to obtain the correct operating conditions and prevent leakage

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral and alkylbenzene oil

Retrofitting: Consult equipment manufacturer to retrofit R-11 chiller to R-123

R-124

20

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160165170175180185190195200


1.01.21.41.72.02.32.63.03.54.04.55.15.86.57.38.29.2

10.311.412.714.115.617.218.920.822.825.027.329.832.435.338.341.544.948.552.356.460.765.270.075.080.385.991.797.9

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]99.5499.1498.7398.3397.9297.5197.1096.6996.2895.8695.4495.0294.6094.1793.7493.3192.8892.4492.0191.5691.1290.6790.2289.7789.3188.8588.3987.9287.4586.9886.5086.0185.5285.0384.5384.0383.5283.0182.4981.9681.4380.8980.3479.7979.23

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.034130.039780.046180.053390.061490.070550.080670.091920.10440.11820.13340.15020.16860.18870.21060.23460.26060.28890.31950.35260.38830.42680.46820.51280.56050.61170.66640.72490.78740.85400.92491.0001.0811.1661.2561.3531.4541.5621.6761.7971.9252.0602.2032.3542.513

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]4.5585.7066.8578.0129.17010.3311.5012.6713.8415.0216.2017.3818.5719.7620.9622.1623.3624.5725.7827.0028.2229.4430.6731.9033.1434.3835.6336.8838.1339.3940.6641.9343.2044.4845.7647.0548.3549.6550.9552.2753.5854.9156.2457.5758.92

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]87.3588.0588.7589.4690.1690.8791.5892.2993.0193.7294.4495.1695.8896.6097.3298.0498.7699.48100.2100.9101.6102.4103.1103.8104.5105.2106.0106.7107.4108.1108.8109.5110.2110.9111.6112.3113.0113.7114.3115.0115.7116.3117.0117.7118.3

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]0.010610.013200.015780.018330.020860.023370.025870.028340.030800.033240.035660.038060.040450.042820.045180.047520.049840.052150.054440.056730.058990.061240.063480.065710.067920.070120.072310.074490.076650.078810.080950.083080.085200.087320.089420.091510.093590.095670.097730.099790.10180.10390.10590.10790.1100

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.19890.19840.19790.19750.19710.19670.19640.19610.19580.19560.19540.19530.19520.19510.19500.19500.19490.19490.19490.19500.19500.19510.19520.19530.19550.19560.19580.19590.19610.19630.19650.19670.19690.19720.19740.19760.19790.19810.19840.19870.19890.19920.19950.19970.2000

21

Plate: Black




Temp[˚F]-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160165170175180


3.84.55.25.96.87.88.9

10.111.412.914.516.318.320.422.725.227.930.834.037.441.044.949.153.658.463.569.074.880.987.494.3

101.6109.3117.5126.0135.1144.6154.6165.1176.2187.7199.9212.6225.9239.8

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]97.0396.5596.0695.5795.0894.5894.0893.5793.0692.5592.0491.5290.9990.4689.9389.3988.8488.2987.7387.1786.6086.0385.4484.8584.2583.6583.0382.4181.7781.1380.4879.8179.1378.4477.7377.0176.2875.5274.7573.9673.1472.3071.4470.5469.61

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.11810.13590.15570.17790.20240.22950.25940.29240.32850.36800.41120.45830.50950.56510.62530.69040.76080.83660.91831.0061.1001.2021.3101.4261.5511.6831.8251.9772.1392.3112.4952.6912.9003.1233.3603.6143.8844.1724.4804.8095.1615.5385.9426.3776.845

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]0

1.2222.4493.6814.9186.1597.4068.6579.91411.1812.4413.7215.0016.2817.5718.8720.1721.4822.8024.1225.4526.7928.1329.4830.8432.2133.5834.9736.3637.7639.1740.5942.0243.4644.9246.3847.8649.3550.8552.3753.9155.4657.0358.6260.23

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]76.7577.4678.1778.8879.5980.3081.0181.7282.4383.1483.8484.5585.2585.9586.6587.3588.0588.7489.4390.1190.7991.4792.1492.8193.4794.1394.7895.4296.0696.6997.3197.9298.5399.1299.70100.3100.8101.4101.9102.4102.9103.4103.8104.3104.7

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]0

0.002890.005760.008610.011430.014240.017020.019780.022530.025250.027960.030650.033320.035970.038610.041240.043850.046440.049020.051590.054150.056690.059220.061740.064250.066760.069250.071730.074200.076670.079130.081580.084030.086480.088920.091350.093790.096220.098660.10110.10350.10600.10840.11090.1134

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.18290.18240.18200.18160.18130.18100.18070.18050.18030.18010.18000.17990.17980.07970.17970.17970.17970.17970.17980.17980.17990.18000.18010.18020.18030.18040.18060.18070.18090.18100.18120.18130.18150.18170.18180.18200.18210.18230.18240.18250.18260.18270.18280.18280.1828

22

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

14.8”12.5”9.9”6.9”3.7”0.61.94.06.59.1

11.915.018.422.126.130.435.040.145.551.357.564.171.278.886.895.4104114124135147159171185199214229246263


Molecular Weight













R-134aHFC

102.3

-14.9

588.3

213.8

32.0

76.2

0.328

93.3

0.3366

0.2021

0

1430

A1


R-134aTechnical

Guidelines

Applications: Household appliances, refrigeration (commercial and self-contained equipment), centrifugal chillers and automotive air conditioning

Performance: • Similar PT properties in air-conditioning • Slight drop in capacity at lower temperature applications (below -10˚F)

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with polyolester lubricant for stationary equipment and polyalkaline glycol for automotive A/C systems

Retrofitting: Replacement for R-12 page 90, 91

Temp(˚F)

R-134apsig

R-134a12 oz. can

30 LB. CYLINDER30 LB CYLINDER/with

Automotive Fitting125 LB. CYLINDER


Replaces: R-12

R-134a

Plate: Black



THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF R-134a

Temp[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160


4.04.75.56.47.48.69.9

11.312.915.316.618.821.223.826.629.733.136.840.845.149.754.860.265.972.278.885.893.5

101.4109.9119.0128.6138.9149.7161.1173.1185.9199.3213.4228.3243.9260.4277.6295.7314.7

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]90.4990.0089.5089.0088.5088.0087.4986.9886.4785.9585.4384.9084.3783.8383.2982.7482.1981.6381.0680.4979.9079.3278.7278.1177.5076.8776.2475.5974.9474.2773.5872.8872.1771.4470.6969.9369.1468.3267.4966.6265.7364.8063.8362.8261.76

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.096890.11270.13050.15050.17290.19780.22560.25630.29030.32770.36890.41400.46340.51730.57610.64010.70950.78480.86630.95441.0501.1521.2631.3821.5101.6471.7951.9532.1232.3052.5012.7102.9353.1763.4353.7134.0124.3334.6795.0525.4555.8926.3666.8827.447

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-5.957-4.476-2.989-1.4980.0001.5033.0134.5296.0517.5809.11510.6612.2113.7615.3316.9018.4820.0721.6723.2724.8926.5128.1529.8031.4533.1234.8036.4938.2039.9141.6543.3945.1546.9348.7350.5552.3854.2456.1258.0259.9561.9263.9165.9468.00

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]94.1394.8995.6596.4197.1797.9298.6899.43100.2100.9101.7102.4103.2103.9104.6105.3106.1106.8107.5108.2108.9109.5110.2110.9111.5112.2112.8113.4114.0114.6115.2115.7116.3116.8117.3117.8118.3118.7119.1119.5119.8120.1120.4120.6120.7

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01452-0.01085-0.00720-0.003580.000000.003560.007080.010580.014060.017510.020930.024330.027710.031070.034400.037720.041010.044290.047550.050790.054020.057240.060440.063620.066800.069960.073110.076260.079390.082520.085650.088770.091880.095000.098110.10120.10440.10750.11060.11380.11690.12010.12330.12650.1298

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.23590.23470.23360.23250.23150.23060.22970.22890.22820.22740.22680.22620.22560.22500.22450.22400.22360.22320.22280.22240.22210.22170.22140.22120.22090.22060.22040.22010.21990.21970.21940.21920.21900.21870.21850.21830.21800.21770.21740.21710.21670.21630.21590.21540.2149

24

Plate: Black

R-401A and R-401BAvailable in the following sizes

Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

8.1”5.1”1.7”1.03.05.27.7

10.313.216.319.723.427.431.736.441.346.652.458.565.071.979.387.195.4104114123134145156169181195209224239255272290


Molecular Weight













Temperature Glide (˚F) (see section 2)

R-401BHCFC

92.8

-32.3

679.1

218.3

31.1

74.6

0.303

98.2

0.3027

0.1725

0.039

1288

A1

8


TechnicalGuidelines

R-401AHCFC

94.4

-29.9

669

221

30.9

74.6

0.306

97.5

0.3037

0.1755

0.037

1182

A1

8

Applications: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration

Low temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration, R-12 air conditioning, R-500 systems

Performance: • Very similar capacity, higher glide • Similar evaporator pressure when average evaporator temperature is the same as R-12 • Head pressure runs higherLubricant Recommendation: Compatible with a combination of mineral oil and alkylbenzene or polyolester lubricants.

Retrofitting: Replacement for R-12 page 90, 92 Replacement for R-500 page 97

Temp(˚F)

R-401A30 LB. CYLINDER

125 LB. CYLINDER

R-401B30 LB. CYLINDER

125 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-12 and R-500

R-401A(R-22 /152a/124)(53 / 13 / 34 wt%)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

13.2”10.7”7.9”4.8”1.4”1.23.35.58.0

10.713.716.920.424.228.332.837.642.748.254.160.467.274.482.190.298.9108118128139151163176189203218234250267

R-401A R-401B

6.5”3.3”0.22.14.36.69.2

12.015.118.422.025.930.134.639.544.850.456.462.869.676.984.792.9102111121131142153166178192206220236252269287305

11.8”9.1”6.1”2.8”0.52.54.77.19.7

12.615.819.223.027.031.436.141.146.652.458.765.472.580.188.296.8106116126137148160173187201216231248265283

R-401B(R-22 /152a/124)(61 / 11 / 28 wt%)

R-401A:

R-401B:

Plate: Black



THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF R-401A

Temp

[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155


6.57.58.79.9

11.412.914.716.618.721.023.626.429.432.736.240.144.248.753.558.664.270.176.483.190.297.8

105.9114.5123.5133.1143.2153.9165.2177.0189.5202.6216.3230.7245.8261.7278.2295.5313.6332.6

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]88.1887.7187.2486.7786.2985.8285.3384.8584.3683.8683.3782.8682.3681.8481.3380.8080.2779.7479.2078.6578.1077.5476.9776.3975.8175.2174.6174.0073.3772.7472.0971.4370.7670.0869.3868.6667.9367.1766.4065.6064.7763.9263.0462.12

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.10490.12150.14010.16100.18420.21010.23860.27010.30480.34290.38460.43020.47990.53400.59270.65630.72510.79950.87980.96621.0591.1591.2671.3821.5051.6371.7791.9302.0922.2652.4492.6472.8583.0833.3243.5813.8574.1524.4684.8075.1715.5645.9876.444

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-5.371-4.035-2.694-1.3500.0001.3542.7144.0785.4496.8258.2079.59510.9912.3913.8015.2116.6418.0719.5120.9522.4123.8825.3526.8328.3329.8331.3532.8734.4135.9637.5239.1040.6942.3043.9245.5647.2148.8950.5852.3054.0455.8157.6159.43

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]94.9395.6096.2696.9397.5998.2598.9199.56100.2100.9101.5102.1102.8103.4104.0104.6105.2105.8106.4107.0107.6108.2108.7109.3109.8110.4110.9111.4111.9112.4112.8113.3113.7114.1114.5114.9115.2115.6115.9116.2116.4116.6116.8116.9

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01309-0.00977-0.00648-0.003230.000000.003200.006370.009520.012650.015750.018820.021880.024920.027930.030930.033910.036870.039820.042750.045660.048570.051450.054330.057200.060050.062900.065730.068560.071380.074200.077010.079810.082610.085410.088220.091020.093820.096630.099450.10230.10510.10800.11080.1137

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.24180.24020.23860.23720.23580.23450.23330.23210.23100.22990.22890.22790.22690.22610.22520.22440.22360.22290.22210.22140.22080.22010.21950.21890.21830.21780.21720.21670.21620.21560.21510.21460.21410.21360.21310.21260.21200.21150.21100.21040.20980.20920.20850.2078

PressureVapor[psia]

4.75.56.47.48.69.9

11.312.914.716.618.821.223.826.629.733.136.740.745.049.654.659.965.671.878.385.392.8

100.7109.2118.1127.6137.7148.3159.6171.4183.9197.1211.0225.6240.9257.1274.0291.7310.3

26

Plate: Black



THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF R-401B

Temp

[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155


6.98.09.2

10.612.113.715.617.619.822.325.027.931.134.538.342.346.751.456.461.867.673.880.487.595.0

102.9111120130140150162173186199212227242258274291309328348

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]88.3487.8787.4086.9286.4485.9685.4784.9884.4883.9983.4882.9782.4681.9481.4280.8980.3579.8179.2678.7178.1577.5877.0076.4275.8275.2274.6173.9973.3672.7172.0671.3970.7070.0169.2968.5667.8167.0466.2565.4464.5963.7262.8161.87

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.11450.13240.15240.17480.19970.22730.25770.29140.32830.36880.41310.46140.514

0.57130.63330.70050.77320.85160.93621.0271.1251.23

1.3431.4641.5941.7321.8812.0392.2092.39

2.5842.7913.0123.2483.5013.7714.06

4.3694.7015.0585.4415.854

6.36.783

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-5.346-4.016-2.681-1.3430.0001.3482.7014.0595.4226.7918.1669.54810.9412.3313.7315.1416.5617.9819.4220.8622.3123.7625.2326.7128.2029.7031.2132.7334.2635.8137.3738.9440.5342.1343.7545.3947.0548.7250.4252.1453.8855.6657.4659.30

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]95.5696.2196.8697.5198.1698.8099.44100.1100.7101.3102.0102.6103.2103.8104.4105.0105.6106.2106.7107.3107.8108.4108.9109.5110.0110.5111.0111.4111.9112.4112.8113.2113.6114.0114.3114.7115.0115.3115.5115.8116.0116.1116.3116.3

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01302-0.00972-0.00645-0.003210.000000.003180.006340.009470.012580.015670.018730.021770.024790.027790.030770.033740.036690.039620.042530.045440.048320.051200.054060.056920.059760.062590.065420.068240.071050.073850.076650.079450.082240.085040.087830.090630.093430.096240.099050.10190.10470.10760.11050.1134

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.24300.24140.23980.23830.23690.23550.23430.23300.23180.23070.22960.22860.22760.22670.22580.22490.22410.22330.22250.22180.22110.22040.21970.21900.21840.21780.21720.21660.21600.21540.21490.21430.21370.21310.21260.21200.21140.21080.21020.20950.20890.20820.20740.2067

PressureVapor[psia]

5.26.17.18.29.4

10.812.414.116.018.120.523.025.828.932.235.839.743.948.553.458.764.470.577.084.091.499.3108117126136147158170182195209224239255272290309328

27

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150


Molecular Weight













Temperature Glide (˚F) (see section2)

R-402BHCFC

94.7

-52.9

645

180.7

33.1

72.81

0.328

90.42

0.317

0.1741

0.03

2416

A1

2.5


R-402A and R-402BTechnical

Guidelines

R-402AHCFC

101.6

-56.5

600

168

33.8

72.61

0.356

83.58

0.3254

0.1811

0.019

2788

A1

2.5

Applications: Low temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration

Performance: Lower discharge temperature, Higher discharge pressureLubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral and alkylbenzene oil. If oil return becomes a concern, addition of polyolester lubricant in 5% increments could help resolve the issue.

Temp(˚F)


110 LB. CYLINDER


Replaces: R-502

R-402A (R-125/290/22)(60 / 2 / 38 wt%)

6.39.1

12.115.418.922.927.131.736.742.148.054.260.968.175.884.092.8102112123134146158171185200215232249267286305326347370393418443470

R-402A(psig)

R-402B(psig)

3.66.09.0

12.015.418.622.627.031.036.042.047.054.060.067.075.083.491.6100110120133143155170183198213230247262283303323345

----

Retrofitting: Replacement for R-502 page 98 to R422C page 100

(R-125/290/22) (38 / 2 / 60 wt%)R-402B

Replaces: R-502

Performance: Higher discharge temperature, Lower discharge pressure

Applications: Ice machines

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral and alkylbenzene oil. If oil return becomes a concern, addition of polyolester lubricant in 5% increments could help resolve the issue.

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

PressureLiquid[psia]13.415.317.419.822.325.228.331.735.439.443.848.653.759.265.271.678.485.893.6

102.0110.9120.3130.4141.1152.4164.4177.1190.5204.6219.5235.1251.6269.0287.2306.3326.4347.4369.5392.6416.9442.2

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]89.7089.1488.5888.0187.4486.8686.2885.6985.0984.4883.8783.2582.6281.9981.3480.6880.0279.3478.6577.9577.2476.5175.7675.0074.2373.4372.6171.7870.9170.0269.1068.1567.1766.1465.0663.9362.7461.4860.1358.6757.07

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.29460.33550.38070.43050.48540.54550.61130.68320.76150.84670.93921.0391.1481.2651.3921.5281.6751.8342.0042.1872.3832.5952.8213.0653.3263.6073.9094.2334.5834.9595.3665.8056.2816.7997.3627.9798.6589.40810.2511.1912.26

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-5.410-4.067-2.718-1.3620.0001.3692.7464.1305.5226.9238.3319.74911.1812.6114.0615.5216.9818.4619.9521.4622.9724.5026.0427.6029.1830.7732.3834.0035.6537.3239.0140.7342.4844.2546.0747.9249.8151.7653.7655.8458.01

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]78.1678.8079.4580.0980.7381.3782.0082.6283.2483.8584.4685.0685.6586.2386.8187.3787.9388.4889.0189.5390.0590.5491.0291.4991.9492.3792.7893.1793.5493.8894.1994.4794.7194.9195.0795.1895.2295.2095.0994.8894.55

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01316-0.00983-0.00653-0.003250.000000.003230.006440.009620.012790.015940.019060.022180.025270.028350.031420.034480.037520.040550.043570.046590.049590.052590.055590.058580.061570.064560.067550.070540.073540.076540.079560.082590.085640.088710.091810.094940.098120.10130.10460.10800.1115

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.19680.19580.19480.19390.19310.19230.19150.19080.19010.18950.18890.18830.18780.18730.18680.18630.18580.18540.18500.18460.18420.18380.18340.18300.18260.18220.18180.18140.18100.18060.18010.17970.17910.17860.17800.17730.17660.17580.17480.17380.1725

PressureVapor[psia]12.013.815.818.020.523.226.129.432.936.841.045.650.656.061.768.074.781.889.597.7

106.4115.8125.7136.2147.4159.2171.8185.0199.0213.8229.3245.7263.0281.1300.2320.2341.3363.3386.5410.8436.3

29

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

PressureLiquid[psia]12.213.915.918.020.423.025.929.132.536.240.344.749.554.760.266.272.679.486.794.6

102.9111.8121.2131.2141.9153.1165.0177.6190.8204.8219.5235.0251.3268.4286.3305.2324.9345.6367.3390.0413.7

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]88.7688.2387.7087.1686.6286.0785.5284.9684.4083.8383.2582.6782.0881.4880.8880.2679.6479.0178.3777.7277.0576.3875.6974.9974.2873.5572.8172.0571.2770.4769.6468.8067.9267.0266.0865.1164.0963.0361.9160.7359.47

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.24540.27980.31780.35980.40610.45680.51240.57310.63920.71120.78940.87420.96591.0651.1721.2871.4121.5451.6891.8432.0082.1862.3762.5802.7983.0323.2833.5523.8404.1494.4824.8395.2245.6386.0866.5727.0997.6748.3038.9969.764

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-5.366-4.033-2.694-1.3500.0001.3562.7194.0895.4666.8508.2429.64311.0512.4713.8915.3316.7818.2319.7021.1822.6724.1725.6827.2128.7530.3131.8833.4735.0836.7038.3540.0141.7043.4245.1646.9448.7450.5952.4854.4256.41

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]85.5186.1486.7687.3887.9988.6189.2189.8190.4090.9991.5792.1592.7193.2793.8294.3694.8995.4195.9296.4296.9197.3897.8498.2998.7199.1399.5299.89100.2100.6100.9101.2101.4101.6101.8101.9102.0102.1102.1102.0101.8

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01306-0.00975-0.00647-0.003220.000000.003200.006380.009530.012660.015770.018770.021940.025000.028040.031070.034080.037080.040060.043040.046000.048960.051910.054850.057780.060710.063640.066570.069490.072420.075250.078280.081230.084180.087150.090130.093140.096170.099240.10240.10550.1087

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.21540.21410.21290.21170.21060.20950.20850.20750.20660.20570.20490.20410.20330.20250.20180.20110.20050.19980.19920.19860.19800.19740.19680.19630.19570.19520.19460.19400.19350.19290.19230.19170.19110.19040.18980.18910.18830.18750.18660.18560.1846

PressureVapor[psia]10.812.414.216.218.520.923.626.629.933.437.341.546.151.156.462.268.375.082.189.797.8

106.5115.7125.5136.0147.0158.7171.1184.1197.9212.5227.8243.9260.9278.7297.4317.1337.7359.3382.0405.7

30

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120

10.5”7.8”4.5”1.2”1.33.34.87.4

10.113.216.520.124.028.232.837.743.048.754.961.468.475.984.893.3102112122132144156168181195210225242258276295


Molecular Weight













Temperature Glide

R-403BHCFC

103.25

-46.8

637.7

191.6

32.9

72.8

0.35

82.1

0.313

0.182

0.028

4460

A1

2


R-403BTechnical

Guidelines

Applications: Very low temperature single-stage refrigeration

Performance: • Evaporator operates in a vacuum when the low side temperature is below -55˚F • Capillary tube must be replaced with a longer/ more restrictive size

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral and alkylbenzene oil. If oil return becomes a concern, addition of polyolester lubricant in 5% increments could help resolve the issue

Retrofitting: Follow equipment manufacturer’s guidelines

Temp(˚F)

R-403B(psig)


110 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-13B1

R-403B (R-290/22/218)(5 / 56 / 39 wt%)

(˚F) (see section 2)

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120


9.711.012.614.216.118.120.222.825.628.632.035.639.543.848.453.358.664.470.577.184.191.699.5

108.0117.0126.6136.7147.4158.7170.6183.2196.4210.4225.0240.4256.5273.4291.0309.5

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]88.2287.6587.0786.5085.9285.3584.7784.2383.6983.1482.5882.0281.4580.8780.2979.7079.1078.4977.8777.2576.6175.9675.3074.6373.9473.2472.5371.8071.0670.2969.5168.7167.8967.0566.1865.2964.3763.4162.43

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.4700.5270.5900.6580.7310.8120.8980.9921.0941.2031.3211.4481.5841.7301.8882.0562.2372.4312.6382.8603.0983.3523.6243.9154.2274.5604.9185.3015.7116.1536.6277.1387.689

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

4.235.526.838.149.46

10.7912.1313.4814.8316.2017.5818.9620.3621.7623.1824.6126.0427.4928.9530.4331.9133.4134.9236.4537.9939.5541.1242.7144.3245.9447.5949.2650.95

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

82.8983.5484.1884.8285.4686.0886.7087.3187.9188.5189.0989.6690.2290.7891.3191.8492.3592.8593.3393.8094.2594.6895.0995.4895.8596.2096.5396.8397.1097.3497.5597.7397.87

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

0.021970.025010.028040.031050.034050.037030.039990.042940.045870.048800.051710.054600.057490.060360.063220.066080.068920.071760.074580.077400.080220.093030.085830.088630.091430.094230.097020.099820.10260.10540.10820.11110.1139

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.20870.20800.20730.20670.20620.20560.20510.20460.20420.20370.20330.20290.20250.20210.20180.20140.20110.20070.20040.20000.19970.19930.19900.19860.19820.19780.19740.19700.19660.19610.19560.19510.1946

PressureVapor[psia]

9.410.812.314.015.817.819.522.124.827.931.234.838.742.947.552.457.763.469.676.183.190.698.5

107.0116.0125.5135.6146.3157.6169.5182.1195.3209.2223.9239.2255.3272.2289.9308.3

32

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

4.36.89.5

12.515.719.323.227.532.137.042.448.254.561.268.476.184.493.2103113123135147159173187202218234252270289310331353377401


Molecular Weight














R-404AHFC

97.6

-51.8

548.2

162.5

35.84

66.37

0.342

86.1

0.3600

0.2077

0

3920

A1

1.5


R-404ATechnical

Guidelines

Applications: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration and ice machines

Performance: • Similar PT and flow properties to R-502 • Higher capacity than R-22, therefore requires TXV change


Retrofitting: Replacement for R-502 page 99 Replacement for R-22 page 96

Temp(˚F)

R-404Apsig



1300 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-22 & R-502

R-404A (R-125/143a/134a)(44 / 52 / 4 wt%)

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155


102.3111.2120.7130.7141.4152.8164.7177.4190.8204.9219.9235.6252.1269.5287.8307.0327.2384.4370.6394.0418.5444.3471.4500.0

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]82.5382.0181.4880.9480.4079.8679.3178.7578.1977.6277.0576.4675.8775.2774.6674.0573.4272.7872.1371.4670.7970.1069.3968.6767.9367.1666.3865.5864.7563.8962.9962.0761.1060.0959.0357.9156.7355.4654.0852.5850.9249.0146.7343.74

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.26710.30440.34570.39130.44140.49650.55680.62280.69470.77300.85820.95061.0511.1591.2761.4031.5391.6861.8452.0162.2002.3972.6102.8393.0863.3523.6383.9474.2814.6425.0335.4585.9216.4266.9817.5928.2719.0299.88610.8712.0113.3915.1317.55

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-5.913-4.447-2.973-1.4900.0001.4993.0074.5246.0517.5879.13310.6912.2613.8415.4317.0318.6420.2721.9123.5725.2426.9228.6230.3432.0833.8435.6237.4239.2441.0942.9744.8746.8148.7950.8152.8854.9957.1859.4361.7964.2666.9

69.8173.21

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]81.1981.9282.6483.3684.0884.7985.5086.2086.9087.5988.2888.9589.6290.2990.9491.5892.2192.8393.4494.0494.6295.1995.7496.2896.8097.2997.7698.2198.6399.0399.3999.71100.0100.2100.4100.5100.6100.5100.4100.199.6098.8997.7895.98

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01439-0.01075-0.00714-0.003560.000000.003540.007050.010540.014020.017470.020910.024330.027730.031120.034490.037850.041200.044540.047870.051200.054510.057820.061130.064430.067740.071040.074350.077670.080990.084330.087680.091050.094440.097860.10130.10480.10840.11200.11570.11960.12360.12780.13240.1378

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.20410.20320.20230.20150.20080.20010.19940.19880.19820.19770.19720.19670.19630.19590.19550.19510.19480.19450.19410.19380.19350.19320.19300.19270.19240.19210.19180.19150.19110.19080.19040.19000.18950.18900.18840.18780.18700.18620.18520.18400.18250.18070.17830.1748


100.7109.5118.9128.9139.6150.8162.8175.4188.8202.8217.7233.4249.9267.3285.5304.7324.9346.1368.4391.8416.4442.3469.6498.4

34

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

3.96.49.2

12.215.619.223.227.532.237.342.848.755.162.069.377.285.694.6104114125137149162175190205221238255274293314335358382406


Molecular Weight















R-407A Technical

Guidelines

R-407AHFC

90.1

-49.9

658.6

181

31.4

72.6

0.291

100.8

0.3554

0.1967

0

2110

A1

10


Performance: • Slightly lower discharge temperature • Closest capacity match • Similar PT and flow properties = no component changes


Temp(˚F)



1550 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-22

R-407A (R-32 /125 /134a) (20 / 40 / 40 wt%)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)1.0”1.03.35.88.5

11.514.918.522.526.931.636.742.348.354.861.869.477.486.195.3105116127139152165179194210227245264284305327350375

R-407A

Retrofitting to: R-407A in R-22 Refrigeration page 94

Plate: Black



THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF R-407ATemp

[˚F]

-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140


10.812.514.316.418.621.123.926.930.333.937.942.246.952.057.563.469.876.784.091.9100109119129140151164176190204220236252270289308329350373396421

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

88.8188.2687.7287.1786.6186.0585.4984.9284.3583.7783.1882.5981.9981.3980.7780.1579.5278.8878.2377.5776.9076.2175.5274.8174.0873.3472.5871.8071.0170.1969.3468.4867.5866.6565.6964.6963.6462.5561.3960.1758.87

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.1640.1890.2180.2500.2850.3250.3680.4160.4690.5270.5910.6600.7360.8180.9081.0051.1111.2251.3491.4821.6261.7821.9492.1302.3252.5342.7603.0033.2653.5483.8534.1834.5394.9255.3455.8016.2986.8437.4438.1068.843

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-6.1454-4.6163-3.0826-1.54400.000

1.54963.10524.66726.23587.81149.394510.9912.5814.1915.8117.4419.0720.7222.3824.0525.7327.4229.1330.8532.5934.3536.1237.9139.7241.5543.4045.2747.1749.1051.0653.0655.0957.1659.2861.4563.69

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

95.4196.1296.8297.5298.2198.9099.59100.3100.9101.6102.3102.9103.6104.2104.8105.4106.0106.6107.2107.8108.3108.9109.4109.9110.4110.9111.3111.7112.1112.5112.9113.2113.4113.7113.9114.1114.2114.2114.2114.1113.9

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.01496-0.01117-0.007410.003690.000000.003660.007290.010880.014460.018000.021520.025020.028490.031950.035380.038800.042190.045580.048940.052300.055640.058970.062290.065610.068920.072220.075520.078820.082130.085430.088740.092060.095390.098740.10210.10550.10890.11240.11590.11940.1230

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.24340.24180.24040.23900.23760.23640.23510.23400.23290.23190.23090.22990.22900.22810.22730.22640.22570.22490.22420.22350.22280.22210.22140.22080.22020.21950.21890.21820.21760.21690.21630.21560.21480.21410.21330.21250.21160.21070.20970.20860.2074

PressureVapor[psia]

7.68.9

10.311.913.715.718.020.423.226.229.633.237.241.646.351.457.063.069.576.584.192.1101110120130142154166180194209225242260279299320342365390

36

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

3.05.48.0

10.914.117.621.325.429.934.739.945.651.658.265.272.680.789.298.3108118129141153166180195210226243261280300321342365389


Molecular Weight















R-407C Technical

Guidelines

R-407CHFC

86.2

-43.6

672.1

187

32

72.4

0.289

106.7

0.3597

0.1987

0

1770

A1

10

Applications: Medium temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration and A/C

Performance: • Slightly lower discharge temperature • Closest capacity match • Similar PT and flow properties = no component changes


Temp(˚F)

R-407C25 LB. CYLINDER


1550 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-22

R-407C (R-32 /125 /134a) (23 / 25 / 52 wt%)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

4.4”0.6”1.84.16.69.4

12.515.919.623.628.032.838.043.649.656.163.170.678.787.396.8106117128140153166181196211229247266286307329353

R-407C

Retrofitting to: R-407C in R-22 Refrigeration page 94 R-407C in R-22 Air Conditioning page 94

Plate: Black



THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF R-407CTemp

[˚F]

-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140


10.211.813.515.417.619.922625.428.632.035.839.944.349.154.359.966.072.579.486.994.9

103.4112.5122.2132.4143.4154.9167.2180.2193.8208.3223.5239.6256.5274.3292.9312.5333.0354.6377.1400.7

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

87.6687.1486.6186.0885.5585.0184.4683.9183.3682.8082.2381.6681.0880.5079.9079.3078.7078.0877.4676.8276.1875.5274.8574.1873.4872.7872.0671.3270.5769.8069.0068.1967.3566.4865.5964.6663.7062.7061.6560.5559.39

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.14180.16410.18900.21690.2480028250.32060.36280.40920.46020.51600.57710.64380.71640.79540.88120.97421.0751.1841.3021.4291.5661.7141.8732.0442.2292.4282.6422.8723.1203.3873.6753.9854.3214.6845.0785.5055.9716.4797.0377.652

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-6.192-4.653-3.108-1.5570.0001.5643.1344.7116.2967.8889.48811.1012.7114.3415.9717.6219.2720.9422.6224.3026.0027.7229.4431.1832.9434.7136.4938.3040.1241.9643.8245.7147.6249.5551.5253.5155.5457.6059.7161.8664.06

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

100.9101.6102.3103.0103.7104.4105.1105.8106.5107.2107.9108.5109.2109.8110.5111.1111.7112.3112.9113.5114.1114.6115.1115.7116.2116.7117.1117.6118.0118.4118.8119.1119.4119.7120.0120.2120.3120.4120.5120.5120.4

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.01508-0.01126-0.00747-0.00372-0.000000.003690.007350.010990.014600.018180.021740.025280.028790.032290.035760.039220.042650.046080.049480.052880.056260.059630.062980.066330.069680.073010.076350.079680.083010.086340.089670.093010.096360.099720.10310.10650.10990.11330.11680.12030.1239

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.25750.25580.25420.25270.25120.24980.24840.24720.24590.24480.24370.24260.24160.24060.23960.23870.23780.23700.23610.23530.23460.23380.23310.23230.23160.23090.23020.22950.22880.22810.22740.22660.22590.22510.22430.22350.22260.22170.22080.21970.2186

PressureVapor[psia]

6.98.09.4

10.812.514.316.418.721.224.027.130.534.238.342.747.452.658.364.370.977.985.493.5

102.2111.5121.4131.9143.1155.1167.7181.2195.4210.5226.5243.4261.2280.0299.9320.8342.9366.1

38

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

2.85.17.6

10.413.516.820.424.428.733.338.343.749.555.862.569.777.485.694.3104114124135147159173186201217233250268287307327349372


Molecular Weight














R-408AHCFC

87

-49.8

641.6

182

30

66.9

0.303

96.74

0.3416

0.1901

0.024

3152

A1

1


R-408ATechnical

Guidelines


Performance: • Similar PT properties across the whole operating range of temperatures • Slightly higher discharge temp

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral oil, alkylbenzene and polyolester lubricant

Retrofitting: from R-502 page 98 to R-422C page 100

Temp(˚F)

R-408A(psig)


100 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-502

R-408A (R-125/143a/22)(7 / 46 / 47 wt%)

Plate: Black




[˚F]

-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140


11.212.814.616.718.921.424.127.130.333.937.741.946.451.356.662.368.474.981.989.497.4

105.9115.0124.6134.8145.6157.1169.2181.9195.4209.6224.6240.3256.9274.3292.6311.7331.8352.8374.9398.0

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

81.7081.2180.7280.2279.7279.2178.7078.1877.6577.1376.5976.0575.5074.9574.3973.8273.2472.6572.0671.4570.8470.2169.5868.9368.2667.5966.9066.1965.4664.7263.9563.1662.3461.5060.6259.7158.7657.7656.7155.6054.41

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.22880.26040.29540.33390.37630.42280.47360.52910.58960.65540.72680.80420.88790.97841.0761.1811.2951.4161.5471.6881.8392.0012.1752.3612.5612.7753.0053.2513.5153.7994.1044.4334.7875.1695.5836.0316.5207.0537.6388.2849.002

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-5.734-4.311-2.881-1.4440.0001.4512.9104.3765.8517.3348.82610.3311.8413.3614.8916.4317.9819.5421.1222.7124.3125.9227.5529.1930.8532.5234.2235.9337.6639.4141.1842.9844.8046.6548.5350.4552.4054.4056.4458.5460.71

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

92.4793.1493.7994.4595.1095.7496.3897.0197.6498.2698.8799.47100.1100.7101.2101.8102.4102.9103.4103.9104.4104.9105.4105.9106.3106.7107.1107.5107.9108.2108.5108.8109.0109.2109.4109.5109.6109.6109.5109.4109.2

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.01396-0.01043-0.00692-0.003450.000000.003420.006820.010200.013560.016890.020210.023500.026780.030050.033290.036530.039750.042950.046150.049340.052510.055680.058850.062000.065160.068310.071460.074610.077760.080920.084090.087260.090450.093650.096880.10010.10340.10670.11010.11350.1170

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.23200.23060.22930.22800.22680.22570.22460.22350.22250.22150.2206021970.21890.21810.21730.21650.21580.21500.21430.21370.21300.21240.21170.21110.21050.20980.20920.20860.20790.20730.20660.20600.20520.20450.20370.20290.20210.20120.20020.19910.1979

PressureVapor[psia]

10.912.514.316.318.521.023.726.629.833.337.141.345.850.755.961.567.674.181.188.596.5

104.9113.9123.5133.7144.5155.9167.9180.7194.1208.3223.2238.9255.5272.8291.1310.2330.3351.3373.3396.4

40

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140


Molecular Weight














R-409AHCFC

97.4

-31.8

680.7

224.4

31.7

76.1

0.313

94.75

0.2908

0.1685

0.047

1585

A1

13


R-409ATechnical

Guidelines

Applications: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration and non-centrifugal air conditioning

Performance: • Pressure and system capacity match R-12 when operating at an average evaporator temperature 10˚F to 20˚F. • Discharge pressure and temperature are higher than R-12 • Capacity match to R-500 at air conditioning temperatures


Retrofitting: from R-12 page 90, 92 from R-500 page 97

Temp(˚F)


125 LB. CYLINDER


R-409A (R-22 /124/142b)(60 / 25 / 15 wt%)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

R-409A

0.2”1.83.96.28.7

11.414.417.621.124.929.033.438.143.248.654.460.667.274.281.789.698.0107116126137148159172184198212227242258

9.8”7.0”3.8”0.3”1.73.86.18.6

11.414.417.621.225.029.233.638.543.649.255.261.568.475.683.491.6100110120130141153165178192207222

Plate: Black




[˚F]

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160


11.913.615.417.419.521.924.627.430.533.937.541.545.750.355.260.566.172.178.585.492.6

100.3108.5117.2126.3136.0146.2157.0168.3180.2192.7205.9219.6234.1249.2265.0281.5298.8316.8335.6355.2

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

87.8787.3886.9086.4185.9285.4284.9284.4183.9083.3882.8682.3481.8081.2680.7280.1779.6179.0478.4777.8977.3076.7076.0975.4874.8574.2173.5672.9072.2271.5470.8370.1169.3868.6267.8567.0566.2265.3864.5063.5862.63

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.17790.20300.23080.26160.29540.33260.37340.41800.46660.51960.57710.63950.70700.78000.85880.94371.0351.1331.2391.3521.4731.6031.7421.8912.0502.2192.4012.5942.8013.0223.2583.5103.7794.0684.3764.7075.0625.4435.8536.2966.775

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

0.0001.2952.5943.8995.2096.5247.8469.17410.5111.8513.2014.5515.9117.2818.6620.0521.4422.8424.2525.6727.1128.5530.0031.4632.9334.4235.9237.4338.9540.4942.0443.6145.1946.8048.4250.0651.7253.4155.1356.8758.65

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

94.0094.6495.2895.9296.5597.1897.8198.4399.0599.67100.3100.9101.5102.1102.6103.2103.8104.4104.9105.5106.0106.5107.0107.5108.0108.5109.0109.4109.9110.3110.7111.1111.4111.8112.1112.4112.6112.9113.1113.2113.4

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

0.000000.003060.006090.009100.012090.015050.017990.020920.023820.026700.029570.032420.035250.038070.040880.043670.046450.049210.051970.054710.057440.060170.062880.065590.068290.070890.073670.076360.079040.081720.084400.087080.089770.092450.095150.097850.10060.10330.10600.10880.1116

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.22870.22740.22620.22500.22390.22290.22190.22090.22000.21910.21820.21740.21670.21590.21520.21450.21390.21320.21260.21200.21150.21090.21040.20990.20930.20880.20830.20780.20740.20690.20640.20590.20540.20490.20430.20380.20330.20270.20210.20140.2008

PressureVapor[psia]

8.09.3

10.612.113.815.717.720.022.525.228.231.434.938.742.847.352.057.262.768.674.981.788.996.6

104.8113.4122.7132.4142.7153.7165.2177.4190.2203.7217.9232.9248.6265.1282.5300.7319.8

42

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

11.614.918.522.526.931.736.842.548.655.262.370.078.387.396.8107118130142155170185201217235254274295317340365391418446476507539573608


Molecular Weight














R-410AHFC

72.6

-61

691.8

158.3

34.5

67.74

0.261

116.8

0.3948

0.1953

0

2088

A1

0.2


R-410ATechnical

Guidelines

Applications: Air conditioning equipment and heat pumps. Only for newly manufactured equipment, not for retrofitting R-22 systems

Performance: Presures are 60% higher than R-22, therefore should be used only in new equipment


Retrofitting: For new equipment only

Temp(˚F)

R-410Apsig

R-410A25LB. CYLINDER

100 LB. CYLINDER850LB. CYLINDER

1450 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-22

R-410A (R-32/125)(50 / 50 wt%)

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

PressureLiquid[psia]25.628.932.636.741.146.051.256.963.169.877.184.993.2

102.2111.9122.2133.2144.9157.4170.7184.8199.8215.7232.5250.3269.1289.0310.0332.0355.3379.8405.6432.7461.2491.2522.7555.9

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]82.0281.4580.8880.3079.7179.1278.5177.9177.2976.6676.0375.3874.7374.0673.3872.6971.9971.2770.5369.7869.0168.2267.4166.5865.7164.8263.9062.9561.9560.9059.8158.6557.4256.1154.6853.1251.38

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.43840.49290.55260.61790.68920.76690.85140.94311.0431.1511.2671.3941.5301.6771.8362.0072.1922.3912.6062.8383.0883.3573.6483.9634.3044.6745.0755.5135.9906.5137.0897.7258.4349.23010.1311.1712.40

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]0.0001.6483.3034.9676.6408.32110.0111.7113.4215.1516.8818.6320.3922.1623.9525.7527.5829.4131.2733.1435.0436.9638.9040.8742.8744.9046.9649.0651.2153.3955.6357.9360.3062.7665.3167.9970.84

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]112.5113.1113.7114.3114.8115.4115.9116.4116.9117.4117.9118.3118.8119.2119.6119.9120.3120.6120.9121.2121.4121.6121.8121.9122.0122.0122.0122.0121.8121.6121.4121.0120.5119.9119.2118.2117.0

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]0.000000.003890.007740.011570.015370.019150.022900.026630.030350.034040.037710.041370.045020.048650.052270.055880.059490.063090.066680.070280.073870.077470.081070.084690.088320.091960.095620.099320.10300.10680.11060.11450.11850.12250.12670.13100.1356

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.26820.26640.26470.26310.26150.25990.25840.25700.25550.25410.25280.25140.25010.24880.24760.24630.24510.24380.24260.24130.24010.23880.23760.23630.23500.23360.23220.23080.22930.22770.22610.22430.22240.22030.21800.21550.2125

PressureVapor[psia]25.528.932.636.641.045.851.156.863.069.776.984.693.0

101.9111.5121.8132.8144.5156.9170.2184.3199.2215.1231.8249.6268.3288.2309.1331.1354.3378.8404.5431.6460.1490.1521.6554.8

44

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150


Molecular Weight














R-414BHCFC

101.6

-29.9

665.4

226.4

31.6

76.02

0.325

91.5

0.2913

0.1723

0.043

1365

A1

13


R-414BTechnical

Guidelines

Applications: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration and stationary and automotive air-conditioning

Performance: • Pressure and capacity match R-12 in 30˚F to 40˚F evaporators • Slightly higher discharge pressure


Retrofitting: from R-12 page 90, 92 from R-500 page 97

Temp(˚F)



R-414B (R-22 /124 /600a /142b)(50 / 39 / 1.5 / 9.5 wt%)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

R-414B

0.01.94.06.38.8

11.514.517.721.225.029.033.438.143.148.554.360.467.073.981.389.197.4106116125136146158170183196210224239255272289

9.7”6.8”3.6”0.02.04.16.59.0

11.914.918.321.925.830.034.639.544.850.456.562.969.877.185.093.3102111121132143155167180193208223239255

45

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160

PressureLiquid[psia]11.412.914.716.618.721.023.526.229.232.435.939.743.748.152.857.863.269.075.181.788.696.0

103.8112.1120.9130.2140.0150.3161.1172.5184.6197.2210.4224.2238.7253.9269.7286.3303.6321.7340.5

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]87.7787.2986.8186.3285.8385.3384.8384.3283.8183.3082.7882.2581.7281.1880.6480.0979.5378.9678.3977.8177.2376.6376.0275.4174.7874.1573.5072.8472.1771.4870.7870.0669.3368.5767.8067.0066.1865.3464.4663.5562.60

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.17270.19730.22470.25490.28830.32500.36520.40930.45730.50970.56660.62840.69530.76770.84580.93001.0211.1181.2231.3351.4561.5851.7231.8712.0292.1982.3792.5722.7782.9983.2333.4843.7534.0404.3484.6775.0315.4125.8216.2636.741

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]0.0001.2982.6013.9095.2226.5427.8679.19810.5411.8813.2314.5915.9617.3318.7120.1021.4922.9024.3225.7427.1728.6230.0731.5333.0134.5035.9937.5139.0340.5742.1243.6945.2846.8848.5050.1451.8053.4955.2056.9458.71

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]90.8591.5192.1792.8393.4894.1394.7895.4396.0796.7197.3497.9798.5999.2199.82100.4101.0101.6102.2102.8103.3103.9104.4105.0105.5106.0106.5107.0107.5107.9108.4108.8109.2109.6110.0110.3110.6110.9111.1111.4111.5

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]0.000000.003070.006110.009130.012120.015090.018040.020980.023890.026780.029660.032510.035360.038180.041000.043790.046580.049350.052110.054860.057600.060330.063050.065770.068470.071170.073870.076560.079240.081930.084610.087290.089980.092670.095360.098060.10080.10350.10620.10900.1118

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.22120.22000.21890.21790.21690.21590.21510.21420.21340.21270.21190.21120.21060.21000.20940.20880.20830.20780.20730.20680.20630.20590.20550.20510.20470.20430.20390.20350.20310.20270.20240.20200.20160.20120.20080.20040.19990.19950.19900.19840.1979

PressureVapor[psia]

7.58.69.9

11.412.914.716.718.821.223.726.629.633.036.640.544.749.354.259.565.171.277.684.591.899.7

108.0116.8126.1136.0146.5157.5169.2181.5194.4208.1222.4237.5253.3270.0287.4305.7

46

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150


Molecular Weight














R-416AHCFC

111.9

-10

582

227

32.3

77.68

0.354

85.51

0.3139

0.1949

0.012

1085

A1

3


R-416ATechnical

Guidelines

Applications: Automotive air conditioning and higher temperature refrigeration

Performance: Capacity matches R-12 at condenser temperatures; pressures in the evaporator will need to be a few psi lower than R-12 to maintain proper temperature

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral oil, aklylbenzene and polyolester lubricant

Retrofitting: for R-12 page 90, 93

Temp(˚F)


Replaces: R-12

R-416A (R-134a /600/124)(59 / 1.5 / 39.5 wt%)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

R-416A

12.1”9.6”6.7”3.5”0.01.94.06.38.9

11.614.617.821.425.229.333.738.443.549.054.861.167.774.882.390.398.8108117127138149161173186200214229

13.4”11.0”8.3”5.3”2.0”0.82.85.07.4

10.012.815.919.322.926.831.135.640.545.751.357.363.770.677.885.593.7102112121132143154166179192206221

47

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160


6.67.68.7

10.011.413.014.716.718.821.123.626.329.332.636.139.944.048.453.258.363.769.675.882.489.597.0

105.0113.5122.4131.9141.9152.5163.6175.4187.7200.7214.4228.7243.8259.5276.0

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]88.9888.4988.0087.5087.0086.5086.0085.4984.9784.4583.9383.4082.8682.3281.7881.2280.6680.1079.5278.9478.3577.7677.1576.5375.9075.2774.6273.9573.2872.5971.8871.1670.4269.6768.8968.0967.2666.4165.5264.6163.65

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.15410.17650.20150.22920.25980.29350.33060.37130.41590.46460.51770.57540.63810.70600.77960.85910.94481.0371.1371.2441.3591.4831.6151.7571.9092.0722.2472.4332.6332.8473.0763.3223.5843.8664.1684.4924.8415.2165.6226.0606.534

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]0.0001.4132.8324.2575.6887.1258.56910.0211.4812.9414.4115.8917.3718.8720.3721.8823.3924.9226.4628.0029.5531.1232.6934.2835.8737.4839.1040.7342.3844.0445.7147.4049.1150.8352.5754.3356.1257.9259.7561.6163.50

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]89.5890.3391.0991.8492.6093.3594.1094.8495.5996.3397.0797.8098.5399.26100.0100.7101.4102.1102.8103.5104.2104.9105.5106.2106.8107.5108.1108.7109.3109.9110.5111.0111.6112.1112.6113.1113.5113.9114.3114.7115.0

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]0.000000.003340.006660.009950.013220.016460.019680.022880.026050.029210.032350.035460.038560.041640.044710.047760.050790.053810.056810.059810.062790.065750.068710.071660.074600.077530.080450.083370.086290.089200.092100.095010.097910.10080.10370.10660.10960.11250.11540.11840.1214

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.21420.21350.21280.21220.21160.21100.21050.21010.20970.20930.20890.20860.20830.20810.20780.20760.20740.20730.20710.20700.20690.20680.20670.20660.20650.20640.20640.20630.20630.20620.20610.20610.20600.20590.20580.20570.20560.20540.20520.20500.2048

PressureVapor[psia]

6.17.08.19.3

10.612.113.815.617.519.722.124.727.630.734.037.641.645.850.355.260.466.072.078.485.292.5

100.2108.4117.0126.2136.0146.2157.1168.5180.6193.3206.6220.7235.4250.9267.2

48

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

5.27.8

10.713.917.321.125.229.634.439.645.251.357.864.772.280.188.697.6107117128140152165179193208224241258277296317338361385410


Molecular Weight














R-422CHFC

113.5

-50.7

547.7

163.5

33.7

72.5

0.391

77.0

0.3373

0.1973

0

3085

A1

5


R-422A and R-422CTechnical

Guidelines

R-422AHFC

113.6

-51.7

543.7

161.2

33.63

72.03

0.394

76.8

0.3385

0.1976

0

3145

A1

5


Performance: • Slightly lower discharge temperature • TXV may appear undersized when retrofitting a R-22 application • Up to 10% lower capacity

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral and alkylbenzene oil and if oil return becomes a concern, addition of polyolester lubricant in 5% increments could help resolve the issue

Retrofitting: from R-22 page 96 from R-502 page 100 from R-402A and R-402B page 100 from R-408A page 100

Temp(˚F)

R-422C24 LB. CYLINDER

100 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-502 / R-22

R-422A(R-125 /134a /600a)(85.1 / 11.5 / 3.4 wt%)

(R-125 /134a /600a)(82 / 15 / 3 wt%)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

3.25.68.3

11.314.618.222.126.330.935.641.447.253.560.267.575.283.592.3102112122134146158172186201217234251270289310331354378403

R-422A R-422C

4.77.2

10.113.116.520.224.228.633.338.443.949.856.163.070.378.186.495.3105115125137149161175189204219236253272291311332354377402

2.24.57.1

10.013.216.620.424.529.033.839.144.750.857.464.472.080.188.797.9108118129141153167181195211227244263282302323345369394

R-422C

49

Plate: Black




[˚F]

-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150


13.114.916.919.121.524.227.130.233.737.541.746.050.856.161.767.874.181.188.596.5

104.7113.8123.4133.7144.6155.7167.9180.8194.4208.2223.2239.1255.8273.3291.0310.2330.4351.3372.5395.4419.3444.3470.2

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

89.7489.1688.6088.0187.4186.8286.2185.6285.0084.3883.7483.1282.4781.8081.1380.4579.7879.0778.3577.6276.8976.1375.3474.5473.7272.9072.0371.1370.2169.2968.2967.2666.1765.0463.8962.6361.2759.8258.3056.5554.5852.2749.39

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.28030.32170.36590.41660.47270.53460.60270.67450.75580.84460.94151.04301.15721.28091.41511.56041.71161.8812.0632.2602.4652.6942.9403.2063.4933.7914.1254.4864.8765.2845.7436.2426.7887.3878.0208.7469.55610.4711.4712.6614.0715.8218.11

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-5.602-4.200-2.848-1.446

01.4462.8484.2555.7317.1778.66610.1011.5913.0814.6016.1317.6219.1620.7322.2923.8525.4227.0628.6730.3331.9433.6235.3537.0738.7540.5342.3444.1846.0447.8849.8551.8653.9155.9958.2560.6363.1966.07

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

71.1071.8272.5673.2473.9774.6975.4176.1176.7977.5178.1978.8479.5280.2080.8581.5282.1682.7783.4184.0184.5985.2085.7586.3286.8587.3687.8488.3288.7689.1689.5289.8990.1790.4590.6390.7990.8790.8590.7390.4690.0189.3088.13

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.01365-0.01015-0.00683-0.00339

00.003390.006760.009970.013290.016590.019870.023010.026260.029500.032710.035900.038970.042160.045330.048470.051530.054670.057800.060950.064080.067100.070250.073390.076540.079580.082750.085930.089150.092400.095560.098870.10230.10570.10910.11280.11660.12070.1253

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.17980.17910.17850.17800.17740.17700.17650.17620.17580.17550.17520.17500.17480.17460.17440.17420.17410.17390.17380.17370.17360.17350.17340.17330.17320.17310.17290.17280.17260.17240.17220.17190.17160.17120.17080.17030.16970.16900.16810.16710.16580.16400.1616

PressureVapor[psia]

11.713.315.117.119.422.024.727.731.034.638.642.747.452.457.863.769.876.683.891.699.6

108.5117.9128.0138.7149.6161.6174.4187.8201.5216.5232.3248.9266.5284.1303.4323.6346.0367.6390.9415.2440.7467.2

50

Plate: Black



THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF R-422CTemp

[˚F]

-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150


11.413.115.017.119.421.924.727.831.234.938.943.348.053.158.664.570.877.684.992.8101110119129140151163176189204218234251268286305326347369392416442469

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

90.2789.7089.1288.5487.9587.3686.7686.1685.5484.9284.3083.6683.0282.3681.7081.0380.3479.6478.9378.2177.4776.7275.9575.1674.3573.5272.6671.7870.8769.9368.9667.9566.8965.7864.6263.3962.0960.6959.1757.5255.6753.5451.00

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.260.300.340.390.450.500.570.640.720.800.890.991.101.221.351.491.641.801.982.162.372.592.823.083.353.653.974.314.695.095.536.016.537.097.728.419.17

10.0210.9912.0913.3814.9416.90

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-5.616-4.222-2.822-1.4140.0001.4222.8514.2875.7327.1858.64710.1211.6013.0914.5916.1017.6219.1520.7022.2523.8225.4127.0128.6230.2531.9033.5635.2536.9638.6940.4442.2244.0345.8847.7649.6851.6553.6855.7857.9760.2762.7265.41

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

71.8372.5573.2773.9874.7075.4176.1176.8277.5178.2178.9079.5880.2580.9281.5982.2482.8883.5284.1484.7685.3685.9486.5287.0787.6188.1388.6289.1089.5489.9690.3590.7091.0291.2991.5291.6991.7991.8291.7591.5591.2090.6389.72

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.01367-0.01021-0.00678-0.003380.000000.003350.006690.010000.013280.016550.019800.023030.026250.029450.032630.035800.038960.042100.045240.048370.051480.054600.057700.060810.063910.067010.070110.073220.076330.079450.082580.085730.088900.092100.095320.098590.10190.10530.10870.11230.11600.11990.1242

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.18190.18120.18050.18000.17940.17890.17850.17810.17770.17730.17700.17680.17650.17630.17610.17590.17570.17560.17540.17530.17520.17510.17500.17480.174701.7460.17450.17430.17410.17390.17370.17340.17310.17280.17240.17190.17130.17070.16990.16890.16770.16620.1642

PressureVapor[psia]

9.611.112.814.816.919.221.824.727.931.335.139.243.748.553.859.465.572.179.186.794.8103113122133144156168181195210225242259277296317338360384408434462

51

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

0.93.05.47.9

10.713.817.120.724.729.033.638.643.949.755.962.569.677.285.394

103113123134145158170184198213229246263281301321342


Molecular Weight














R-422DHFC

109.9

-45.8

566.2

175.2

33.0

70.9

0.372

81.8

0.339

0.20

0

2730

A1

5


TechnicalGuidelines

R-422BHFC

108.5

-42.4

574.1

181.8

32.9

73.05

0.363

84.2

0.3385

0.201

0

2525

A1

5

Applications: R-422B: Medium temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration and A/C R-422D: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration

Performance: • Slightly lower discharge temperature • Possible undersized TXV based on pressure drop • Up to 10% lower capacity

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with mineral and alkylbenzene oil and if oil return becomes a concern, addition of polyolester lubricant in 5% increments could help resolve the issue

Retrofitting to: R-422B for R-22 Air Conditioning page 95 R-422B for R-22 Refrigeration page 95 R-422D for R-22 Refrigeration page 95

Temp(˚F)

R-422D25 LB. CYLINDER

110 LB. CYLINDER

Replaces: R-22

R-422B(R-125 /134a /600a)

(55 / 42 / 3 wt%)(R-125 /134a /600a)

(65.1 / 31.5 / 3.4 wt%)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

2.7”0.9”1.13.25.78.3

11.314.518.021.926.130.635.540.846.652.759.466.574.182.290.9100110120132143156169183198213230247265284304326

R-422B R-422D

2.44.67.19.9

12.916.219.823.727.932.537.542.848.554.761.368.475.984.092.6102111122133144156169183197212228245262281300320341364

2.3”0.83.05.48.1

11.014.317.821.725.830.435.340.746.452.659.366.474.082.290.9100110121132144156170184198214231248266286306327350

R-422D

52

R-422B and R-422D

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]

-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140


9.110.512.013.715.617.720.022.625.428.531.835.439.443.748.353.358.664.470.677.284.391.9

100.0109118127138149160172185199213228244260278296315335357

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

89.1788.6388.0987.5486.9986.4485.8885.3284.7584.1783.5983.0082.4181.8181.2080.5879.9579.3278.6778.0177.3576.6775.9775.2774.5573.8173.0572.2871.4970.6769.8368.9668.0767.1466.1865.1764.1363.0361.8760.6459.32

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.170.200.230.260.300.340.390.440.490.560.620.700.780.860.961.061.171.291.421.571.721.882.062.252.452.682.913.173.453.744.064.414.785.195.636.116.637.217.838.539.31

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-5.810-4.366-2.916-1.4610.0001.4672.9414.4215.9087.4028.90410.4111.9313.4614.9916.5418.0919.6621.2322.8224.4226.0327.6529.2830.9332.6034.2835.9737.6939.4241.1742.9544.7446.5748.4250.3052.2154.1656.1558.2060.29

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

79.4580.1980.9481.6882.4283.1683.8984.6385.3586.0886.8087.5188.2288.9289.6290.3190.9991.6692.3392.9993.6394.2694.8995.5096.0996.6797.2397.7898.3098.8199.2999.74100.2100.6100.9101.2101.5101.8101.9102.0102.1

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.01415-0.01057-0.00701-0.003490.000000.003460.006900.010310.013700.017070.020410.023730.027030.030310.033580.036820.040060.043270.046480.049670.052850.056010.059170.062330.065470.068610.071750.074890.078020.081160.084300.087450.090600.093770.096960.10020.10340.10670.11000.11330.1167

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.20220.20130.20040.19960.19890.19820.19760.19700.19640.19590.19550.19510.19470.19430.19400.19370.19340.19310.19290.19270.19250.19230.19210.19190.19180.19160.19140.19120.19110.19090.19070.19040.19020.18990.18960.18930.18890.18850.18790.18740.1867

PressureVapor[psia]

6.67.79.0

10.412.013.815.717.920.423.026.029.232.736.640.845.350.255.561.367.474.181.288.896.9106115125135146158170184198212228244262280299319340

53

Plate: Black



THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF R-422D

Temp

[˚F]

-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140


10.011.513.115.017.119.321.824.627.630.934.538.442.647.252.257.563.269.476.083.190.698.7107116126136147159171184197212227243259277295315335356378

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

89.0888.5387.9887.4286.8686.3085.7385.1584.5783.9883.3982.7982.1881.5680.9380.3079.6679.0078.3477.6676.9776.2775.5574.8274.0773.3072.5271.7170.8870.0369.1568.2367.2966.3165.2864.2163.0861.8960.6359.2857.82

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.200.230.260.300.340.390.440.500.560.630.710.790.880.981.081.201.321.461.601.761.932.112.302.522.742.993.253.543.844.184.534.925.345.806.306.847.448.098.829.63

10.55

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-5.756-4.326-2.890-1.4480.0001.4552.9164.3845.8607.3438.83510.3411.8413.3614.8916.4217.9719.5321.1022.6824.2725.8727.4929.1230.7732.4334.1135.8137.5339.2641.0242.8044.6146.4448.3150.2152.1554.1356.1658.2560.41

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

76.7177.4578.1978.9279.6580.3981.1181.8482.5683.2783.9884.6985.3986.0886.7787.4588.1288.7889.4390.0890.7191.3391.9392.5393.1093.6694.2194.7395.2395.7096.1696.5896.9797.3297.6497.9198.1498.3098.4098.4298.35

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.01402-0.01047-0.006950.003460.000000.003430.006840.010230.013590.016930.020240.023540.026820.030080.033320.036550.039770.042970.046150.049330.052500.055650.058800.061940.065080.068220.071350.074480.077620.080760.083910.087060.090230.093420.096620.099860.10310.10640.10980.11320.1167

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.19510.19430.19350.19280.19210.19150.19090.19040.18990.18940.18900.18860.18830.18800.18770.18740.18720.18700.18680.18660.18640.18630.18610.18600.18580.18570.18550.18530.18520.18500.18480.18450.18430.18400.18360.18320.18280.18230.18170.18100.1802

PressureVapor[psia]

7.58.8

10.211.813.515.517.720.122.825.729.032.536.340.545.150.055.461.167.374.081.188.796.9106115125135147158171184198213229245263281300321342364

54

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

7.6”4.6”1.2”1.23.25.47.8

10.413.316.419.723.427.331.536.040.946.151.657.663.970.677.885.493.5102111121131141152164177189203217232248

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

4.16.59.2

12.115.318.822.626.731.135.941.046.552.458.865.672.880.588.797.4107116127138149161174187201216232248265283301321341363

Physical Properties of Refrigerants

Environmental ClassificationMolecular WeightBoiling Point (1 atm, ˚F)Critical Pressure (psia)Critical Temperature (˚F)Critical Density, (lb./ft^ 3)Liquid Density (70 ˚F, lb./ft ^ 3)Vapor Density (bp, lb./ft ^ 3)Heat of Vaporization (bp, BTU/lb.)Specific Heat Liquid (70 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)Specific Heat Vapor (1 atm, 70 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)Ozone Depletion Potential (CFC 11 = 1.0)Global Warming Potential (CO2 = 1.0) ASHRAE Standard 34 Safety Rating

R-502

CFC111.6-49.5582.8177.335.577

0.38874.2

0.29580.1641

0.234657

A1



Guidelines

R-500

CFC99.3-28.5605.2215.830.773

0.32986.4

0.27820.1725

0.668077

A1

Application: Air conditioning, dehumidifiers and centrifugal chillers


Retrofitting to: R-134a consult equipment manufacturer R-401A, R-401B page 97 R-409A page 97 R-414B page 97

Retrofitting to: R-402A, R-402B page 98 R-404A, R-507 page 99 R-408A page 98 R-422C page 100

R-500(psig)

Temp(˚F)

R-502(psig)


125 LB. CYLINDER


125 LB. CYLINDER

R-500(R-12/152a)

(73.8 / 26.2 wt%)

(R-22/115)(48.8 / 51. 2 wt%)

R-502

Application: Low temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion refrigeration and ice machines


Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155


6.37.38.49.6

11.012.514.216.018.020.222.625.328.131.334.638.342.246.450.955.861.066.672.578.985.692.8

100.4108.4116.9125.9135.4145.5156.1167.2178.9191.2204.1217.7231.9246.8262.4278.7295.7313.6

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]85.2684.8184.3583.8983.4382.9782.5082.0381.5581.0780.5980.1079.6179.1178.6178.1077.5977.0776.5576.0175.4874.9374.3873.8273.2572.6772.0871.4870.8770.2569.6268.9868.3267.6466.9566.2565.5264.7764.0063.2162.3961.5460.6659.73

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.14980.17130.19510.22150.25060.28260.31770.35610.39800.44360.49320.54700.60530.66820.73620.80950.88830.97301.0641.1611.2661.3781.4971.6251.7611.9072.0622.2282.4052.5932.7943.0083.2363.4793.7394.0164.3134.6304.9705.3355.7266.1486.6047.097

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-5.016-3.770-2.519-1.2620.0001.2682.5413.8205.1066.3977.6959.00010.3111.6312.9614.2915.6316.9818.3419.7021.0822.4623.8525.2526.6628.0929.5230.9632.4233.8935.3736.8638.3739.8941.4342.9944.5646.1547.7749.4051.0652.7454.4556.20

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]85.9886.6387.2787.9288.5689.2089.8390.4791.1091.7392.3592.9793.5894.1994.8095.4095.9996.5897.1697.7398.2998.8599.4099.94100.5101.0101.5102.0102.5102.9103.4103.8104.3104.7105.0105.4105.8106.1106.4106.6106.9107.1107.2107.3

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01222-0.009130.006060.003020.000000.002990.005970.008920.011850.014760.017650.020520.023370.026210.029030.031840.034630.037410.040170.042920.045660.048380.051100.053810.056500.059190.061870.064550.067220.069880.072540.075200.077850.080510.083160.085820.088490.091150.093830.096520.099220.10190.10470.1074

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.21550.21430.21310.21200.21100.21000.20910.20830.20740.20660.20590.20520.20450.20390.20330.20270.20220.20160.20110.20070.20020.19980.19930.19890.19850.19820.19780.19740.19700.19670.19630.19600.19560.19520.19490.19450.19410.19370.19330.19280.19230.19180.19130.1907

PressureVapor[psia]

6.37.38.49.6

11.012.514.216.018.020.222.625.328.131.234.638.242.146.450.955.760.966.572.478.785.492.5

100.1108.1116.6125.5135.0145.0155.5166.6178.2190.4203.3216.8230.9245.7261.2277.4294.4312.1

56

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

PressureLiquid[psia]11.112.714.516.518.721.123.726.629.833.237.041.045.450.155.260.766.672.979.686.894.5

102.7111.4120.6130.4140.7151.7163.3175.5188.4201.9216.2231.3247.1263.6281.0299.3318.4338.5359.5381.4

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]93.9193.3592.7892.2091.6291.0490.4589.8589.2588.6488.0387.4086.7886.1485.4984.8484.1783.5082.8282.1281.4280.7079.9779.2278.4677.6876.8876.0775.2374.3773.4972.5871.6470.6669.6568.5967.4866.3265.0863.7762.36

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.29410.33420.37860.42730.48080.53940.60340.67310.74900.83130.92051.0171.1211.2341.3551.4861.6261.7771.9392.1132.2992.4992.7122.9423.1873.4503.7314.0334.3574.7055.0795.4815.9146.3826.8897.4388.0378.6929.41210.2111.10

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-4.736-3.561-2.380-1.1930.0001.2002.4063.6194.8396.0667.3018.5449.79511.0512.3213.6014.8916.1817.4918.8020.1321.4722.8224.1825.5626.9528.3529.7731.2032.6634.1335.6237.1338.6740.2341.8243.4445.1046.8048.5550.36

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]70.9971.5972.1872.7773.3673.9574.5375.1175.6876.2576.8177.3777.9278.4779.0079.5380.0680.5781.0781.5782.0582.5282.9883.4383.8684.2884.6885.0785.4385.7886.1086.4086.6786.9187.1187.2887.4187.4987.5187.4787.35

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01153-0.00861-0.00572-0.002850.000000.002830.005640.008430.011210.013970.016710.019440.022160.024860.027550.030230.032900.035560.038210.040850.043480.046110.048740.051350.053970.056580.059200.061810.064420.067040.069670.072300.074950.077610.080290.082980.085710.088470.091270.094120.09704

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.17810.17720.17640.17560.17490.17420.17360.17300.17240.17190.17130.17090.17040.17000.16960.16920.16880.16840.16810.16770.16740.16710.16680.16650.16620.16590.16560.16520.16490.16460.16420.16390.16350.16300.16260.16210.16160.16100.16030.15960.1587

PressureVapor[psia]10.912.514.316.318.520.923.526.429.633.036.840.845.250.055.160.666.572.879.586.794.4

102.6111.3120.5130.3140.7151.6163.2175.4188.3201.9216.2231.2247.0263.6281.0299.3318.4338.5359.5381.4

57

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-05

101520

0.53.16.09.3

12.916.921.426.331.837.744.251.359.067.376.486.196.6108120133147161177194212230250272294318


Molecular Weight













R-503CFC

87.25

-125.5

618.6

65.2

34.4

68.4

0.373

77.1

0.3671

0.1537

0.06

14560

A1


R-503Technical

Guidelines

Applications: Very low temperature refrigeration (low stage of a cascade system)

Performance: • R-503 runs with better capacity and lower discharge pressure than R-13 • Operates in the low temperature stage of the cascade system because of its low boiling point


Retrofitting to: R-508B page 101

See Ultra Low Temperature Refrigeration Section page 64-65

Temp(˚F)

R-503(psig)



R-503 (R-23/13)(40.1 / 59.9 wt%)

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]

-140-135-130-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10505

101520


9.110.812.714.917.420.323.527.031.035.440.245.651.457.964.972.580.889.799.4

109.9121.1133.2146.1160.0174.8190.5207.3225.2244.1264.2285.6308.1332.0

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]

94.6794.0493.4092.7592.0991.4390.7590.0689.3688.6587.9387.1986.4485.6784.8984.0983.2882.4581.6080.7279.8378.9177.9676.9975.9974.9573.8772.7671.5970.3769.0967.7466.31

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]

0.23740.27880.32570.37850.43770.50390.57760.65950.75000.85000.96011.0811.2141.3591.5171.6901.8782.0832.3062.5492.8123.0973.4083.7454.1124.5114.9465.4215.9416.5127.1427.8398.616

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]

-25.81-24.60-23.39-22.16-20.94-19.70-18.46-17.21-15.95-14.68-13.40-12.12-10.82-9.512-8.192-6.861-5.517-4.159-2.788-1.4020.0001.4192.8554.3125.7897.2898.81310.3711.9513.5615.2216.9218.67

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]

53.3253.8254.3054.7955.2655.7356.1956.6457.0857.5157.9358.3458.7459.1259.4959.8560.1960.5160.8261.1161.3761.6261.8462.0462.2162.3562.4562.5262.5462.5262.4462.3062.09

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]

-0.06936-0.06562-0.06192-0.05826-0.05464-0.05105-0.04748-0.04395-0.04045-0.03698-0.03352-0.03010-0.02669-0.02330-0.01993-0.01658-0.01324-0.00992-0.00660-0.003300.000000.003290.006590.009880.013180.016480.019800.023130.026480.029870.033290.036760.04029

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]

0.17820.17590.17370.17170.16970.16780.16600.16430.16270.16110.15950.15800.15660.15520.15390.15250.15130.15000.14880.14760.14640.14520.14400.14280.14160.14040.13920.13790.13670.13530.13390.13250.1309

PressureVapor[psia]

9.110.812.714.917.420.223.426.930.935.240.045.351.157.564.472.080.189.098.6

108.9120.0131.9144.7158.3172.9188.5205.1222.7241.5261.4282.5304.8328.5

59

Plate: Black


Pressure-Temp Chart

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-05

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

5.58.2

11.114.317.821.725.830.335.240.546.152.258.865.873.381.389.898.9109119130141154167180195210226244252281301322344368393419446475


Molecular Weight













R-507HFC

98.9

-52.8

539

159

30.7

66.65

0.349

84.35

0.3593

0.2064

0

3985

A1


R-507Technical

Guidelines

Applications: Medium and low temperature commercial refrigeration and industrial refrigeration

Performance: • Similar to R-404A in operation • Pressure and capacity are slightly higher than R-404A


Retrofitting: from R-502 page 99 from R-22 page 96

Temp(˚F)

R-507(psig)



1400 LB. CYLINDER

R-507 (R-125/143a)(50 / 50 wt%)

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140


104.7113.8123.5133.8144.7156.3168.5181.5195.1209.6224.8240.8257.7275.5294.2313.8334.4356.1378.8402.7427.9

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]83.1082.5782.0381.4980.9480.3979.8379.2778.7078.1277.5376.9476.3475.7375.1174.4873.8473.1872.5271.8471.1570.4569.7368.9968.2367.4566.6565.8264.9764.0863.1762.2161.2160.1759.0757.9156.6755.3453.8952.2950.50

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.28990.32980.37380.42230.47560.53400.59800.66780.74390.82670.91661.0141.1201.2341.3571.4911.6341.7891.9562.1362.3292.5372.7613.0023.2623.5413.8434.1694.5214.9025.3155.7646.2556.7927.3828.0358.7629.58010.5111.5912.86

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-5.871-4.416-2.952-1.4800.0001.4892.9874.4946.0107.5379.07310.6212.1813.7515.3316.9218.5220.1421.7723.4225.0826.7628.4530.1731.9033.6535.4237.2139.0340.8742.7544.6546.5948.5750.5952.6654.7956.9859.2661.6464.17

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]79.5480.2680.9881.6982.4083.1183.8184.5185.2085.8886.5687.2387.8988.5589.1989.8390.4591.0791.6792.2692.8493.4093.9494.4794.9795.4695.9296.3696.7797.1597.5097.8098.0798.2898.4398.5298.5398.4498.2497.8797.30

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.01429-0.01068-0.00709-0.003540.000000.003510.007000.010470.013920.017350.020770.024170.027550.030910.034270.037610.040940.044260.047570.050870.054170.057460.060750.064040.067330.070620.073920.077220.080530.083860.087200.090560.093950.097370.10080.10430.10790.11160.11530.11920.1233

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.19940.19860.19780.19700.19640.19570.19510.19460.19400.19350.19310.19270.19230.19190.19150.19120.19090.19060.19030.19000.18980.18950.18920.18900.18870.18840.18820.18790.18750.18720.18680.18640.18590.18540.18480.18420.18340.18250.18140.18010.1785


104.6113.7123.4133.7144.6156.1168.3181.3194.9209.4224.6240.6257.5275.2293.9313.5334.1355.8378.6402.5427.6

61

Plate: Black



Molecular Weight













R-508BHFC

95.4

-125.3

556.1

53.7

35.6

65.4

0.426

71.4

0.4221

0.1701

0

13400

A1


R-508BTechnical

Guidelines


Applications: Very low temperature refrigeration (low stage of a cascade system)

Performance: • PT properties are very similar to R-503 and can be used to replace R-13 or R-503 in an existing system • Higher capacity and lower discharge temperature compared to R-23

Lubricant Recommendation: Compatible with polyolester lubricant; it may still be necessary to use hydrocarbon additives to help with oil circulation

Retrofitting: from R-503 page 101 from R-13 page 101

See Ultra Low Temperature Refrigeration Section - page 64-65

Pressure-Temp Chart

-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520

0.53.16.09.3

12.916.921.426.431.837.844.451.559.367.876.986.897.5109121135149164180197216235256278301326

Temp(˚F)

R-508B(psig)


10 LB. CYLINDER20 LB. CYLINDER70 LB. CYLINDER

R-508B (R-23/116)(46 / 54 wt%)

Plate: Black




Temp

[˚F]-160-155-150-145-140-135-130-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520


4.15.16.27.58.9

10.612.614.817.420.223.427.031.035.540.445.851.758.365.473.281.690.7

100.6111.3122.8135.2148.4162.6177.8194.0211.3229.7249.3270.1292.2315.7340.6

Density Liquid

[lb/ftˆ3]100.799.9699.2498.5297.8097.0896.3795.6594.9294.1993.4592.7091.9491.1890.3989.6088.7987.9687.1286.2585.3684.4583.5182.5581.5580.5279.4578.3477.1875.9874.7273.4072.0270.5669.0267.3965.63

DensityVapor

[lb/ftˆ3]0.11810.14380.17370.20830.24820.29370.34550.40410.47010.54410.62690.71910.82140.93471.0601.1981.3491.5151.6971.8962.1142.3512.6112.8933.2023.5393.9064.3084.7485.2315.7636.3507.0007.7258.5409.46110.52

Enthalpy Liquid

[Btu/lb]-32.27-30.98-29.70-28.42-27.14-25.86-24.57-23.29-22.00-20.70-19.40-18.09-16.77-15.45-14.11-12.76-11.40-10.03-8.648-7.249-5.834-4.403-2.955-1.4870.0001.5093.0414.5986.1827.7969.44111.1212.8414.5916.4018.2620.18

Enthalpy Vapor

[Btu/lb]44.1544.7245.2945.8546.4046.9547.4948.0348.5649.0849.5950.1050.5951.0851.5652.0252.4852.9253.3553.7654.1754.5554.9255.2755.6055.9056.1856.4456.6656.8556.9957.1057.1557.1357.0556.8856.60

EntropyLiquid

[Btu/R-lb]-0.08953-0.08527-0.08109-0.07699-0.07297-0.06900-0.06509-0.06124-0.05743-0.05366-0.04993-0.04623-0.04256-0.03892-0.03531-0.03172-0.02815-0.02460-0.02106-0.01753-0.01402-0.01051-0.00701-0.003500.000000.003510.007020.1055

0.014090.017650.021230.024840.028490.032180.035920.039720.04361

EntropyVapor

[Btu/R-lb]0.16640.16400.16180.15960.15760.15570.15390.15220.15050.14900.14760.14620.14490.14360.14240.14120.14010.13910.13810.13710.13610.13520.13430.13340.13250.13160.13070.12980.12890.12800.12700.12600.12490.12370.12250.12110.1195

PressureVapor[psia]

3.94.85.97.28.6

10.312.314.517.119.923.126.730.835.240.145.651.658.165.373.081.590.7

100.6111.3122.8135.1148.4162.6177.8194.0211.3229.6249.2270.0292.1315.6340.5

63

Plate: Black


Ultra-Low Temperature Refrigeration

Ultra-low temperature systems are used to achieve low temperature baths or boxes for laboratory use, storage of pharmaceutical or biological samples, low temperature manufacturing of metals, or extreme-temperature-environment testing.

The lowest temperature that can practically be achieved in single-stage refrigeration systems isabout -40˚F to -50˚F. A single-stage system is limited by the compression ratio of the compressor and the ambient temperature in which it must condense the refrigerant. Temperatures from -50˚F down to -120˚F or lower can only be achieved economically by using cascade refrigeration systems.

A typical cascade system is shown in Figure 1. A standard refrigeration system is used on the “high side” (a) to create a cold temperature in the cascade condenser (b). The “low side” system (c) is able to condense at -20˚F to -30˚F and evaporate as low as -120˚F with the available refrigerants before they go into vacuum. Larger systems tend to have some kind of oil separator and oil management system (d) to keep the oil in the compressor. Some systems also employ an expansion tank (e) to keep the refrigerant from generating extreme pressures at room temperature when the system is off.

64

Plate: Black


Ultra-Low Temperature Refrigeration

65

Traditional High Side Refrigerants: R-12, R-22, R-502Alternative High Side Refrigerants: R-134a, R-404A, R-507

Traditional Low Side Refrigerants: R-13, R-503Alternative Low Side Refrigerants: R-23, R-508B

Oil Circulation: Standard refrigeration oils will become very thick at low temperatures and will notflow around the system back to the compressor. If the compressor gets too cold, the oil will gel inside the compressor sump and not provide lubrication. Many systems rely on the refrigerant to soak into the oil and move it around the system. This method of oil circulation works well down to about -100Fevaporator temperature. In addition, systems with short run times will allow the oil to return to the compressor when the evaporator warms.

Systems that run for longer times at colder temperatures, or involve complicated piping, will need touse an oil separator after the low stage compressor(s). In addition, hydrocarbon refrigerants are typically added to the system so they can soak into the oil and keep it fluid at very low temperatures.The amount of hydrocarbon used is typically between 5 - 10% (by weight) of the refrigerant charge.National Refrigerants, Inc. supplies these hydrocarbons for use in cascade systems:

Part No. Size Product 3R170 3 lb. cyl R-170 (ETHANE) 004R170 4 oz. cyl. R-170 (ETHANE) 004R1150 4 oz cyl. R-1150 (ETHYLENE) 016R600 16 oz. cyl R-600 (BUTANE) 016R600a 16 oz. cyl R-600a (ISOBUTANE) 014R290 14 oz. cyl. R-290 (PROPANE) 016RPENTANE 16 oz. can PENTANE LIQUID

Moisture: Removal of moisture is more important in cascade systems than it is at higher temperatureranges. Refrigerants such as R-22 and R-404A can absorb and carry much more water than the 10 ppm specification and the 30 to 50 ppm indication level of a sight glass. In contrast, R-13 is estim-ated to only hold about 0.1 ppm of water at -80˚F. Excess moisture will definitely separate from the refrigerant and clog capillary tubes or cause other problems. Maintenance of driers is very important in the low stage of a cascade system.

Expansion Volume: Refrigerants in the low stage must maintain “normal” operating pressures in thecompressor at very low temperatures. These refrigerants will condense around -30˚F to -20˚F at pressures from 110 psig to 160 psig. When these refrigerants warm up to room temperature, however, the saturation pressure, or in some cases the critical pressure, can exceed 700 psig.

Rather than going to the expense of building systems to withstand these pressures, an expansion tank or other system volume is provided. The charge expands into the extra volume, allowing allliquid to boil completely to vapor. Simple gas laws dictate how much volume is needed to keep thecharge at a gas pressure of usually no more than 250 psig. Consequently, systems are often charged simply by bringing the empty system up to some static pressure.

For additional information on Retrofitting, see page 101

Plate: Black

Refr

iger

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Co

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HRI

Gu

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N)

Refr

iger

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R-11

R-12

R-13

R-11

3R-

114

R-12

/114

R-13

B1

R-22

R-23

R-12

3R-

124

R-13

4aR-

401A

R-40

1BR-

402A

R-40

2BR-

403B

R-40

4AR-

407A

R-40

7CR-

408A

R-40

9AR-

410A

R414

BR-

416A

R-41

7AR-

422A

R-42

2BR-

422C

R-42

2DR-

500

R-50

2R-

503

R-50

7R-

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2975

266

302

413

177

352

428

428

335

2975

177

124

461

385

413

021

368

471

248

465

507

2995

381

3275

1495 - -

375

109

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3268

326

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Plate: Black

pmurray2

Highlight

this line was shifted over to the right on the hard copy proof


2. Retrofits and Conversions

• Blend Terminology and Issues - Fractionation - Temperature Glide - Application Property Match

• General Retrofit Guidelines - Checklist and Data Sheet - Retrofit Procedures by Product - Sizing Thermostatic Expansion Devices (TXV)

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Page

68 - 87687785

88 - 8990 -101

102 - 104

Plate: Black


Introduction to Retrofitting

Background

The components of a specific piece of air conditioning or refrigeration equipment have been engineered specifically around the properties of the refrigerant used. When replacement of that refrigerant becomes necessary for technical, regulatory, or economic reasons, the replacement refrigerant should have as many properties similar to the original refrigerant as possible. This will minimize hardware changes, controls adjustments, or other time consuming operations such as oil changes.

Since the late 1980s, the development of blends has focused on matching the properties of the original refrigerant in order to offer some advantage over the competing blends. Early R-12 blends focused on evaporator performance in refrigeration systems; however, it became clear that more R-12 was sold for use in automotive air conditioning rather than in refrigeration. Since these systems experience higher condenser temperatures, a second wave of blends came into the market that had lower head pressures.

Manufacturers introduced R-502 retrofit blends that simply removed the R-115, a CFC, and mixed HFC components with R-22. While this approach was very effective at reducing R-502 use during the transition away from CFCs in the mid 1990’s, it now leaves equipment owners with the challenge of replacing the HCFC-based blends again.

As early as 1992, manufacturers and suppliers of R-22 based air conditioning equipment were looking for alternatives. While the focus was mainly on replacing R-22 for newly built equipment, several retrofit blends were also identified in the process.

Today

2010 begins the first year of restriction on the use of R-22 in new equipment. Although R-22 will still be available for servicing, available quantities will be more and more limited and the need for retrofitting will increase. Some market applications, such as residential and commercial air cond-itioning, have not had to deal with the product restrictions that have occurred over the last 15 years. They will now see many new products that behave dramatically different than R-22.

Blends Tutorial

The following information is designed to help technicians understand how blends are different from single-component refrigerants. Fractionation and temperature glide are explained in a way that shows the effect on system operation and controls. Actual products and their impact on the market are discussed, and retrofit procedures are provided for a variety of products and equipment.

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Single Components vs. Blends

P=P*A P=P*B

By Convention, Higher Pressure Component is First (P*A > P*B)

A

A+ BB

BlendsTutorial

Blends are made up of two or more single component refrigerants. When mixing refrigerants,for example, refrigerant “A” and refrigerant “B”, we generally speak about the higher pressure,higher capacity component first. For purposes of this tutorial, “A” will be the higher pressure product.

When two or more refrigerants are placed into the same container, one of two situations will occur, depending on how strongly the different molecules are attracted to each other:

Azeotrope: a blend that behaves like a single component refrigerant. When a blend forms an azeotrope, it displays unique and unexpected properties.

Zeotrope: a blend that behaves like a mixture of the individual components. Zeotropes have predictable properties based on combinations of the pure components’ properties.

Two properties of concern are Fractionation and Temperature Glide. We can split the zeotropic blends into Low Fractionation Potential, which also exhibit Low Temperature Glide, and High Fractionation Potential, which also exhibit High Temperature Glide. Generally speaking, zeotropic blends with lower temperature glides do not show the same problems with fractionation that are seen with higher glide blends.

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Pressure Temperature Curvesfor Refrigerant Blends

Zeotropic BehaviorAzeotropic Behavior

BPA

BPB BPB

BPA

Liq.

Vap.

A BAB(A+B) (A+B)

OR

Max

Min

Azeotrope: a special case where the refrigerants combine in a unique way. In an azeotropic composition,the blend behaves like a single refrigerant with its own pressure-temperature (P-T) relationship. The pressure after mixing is either higher than the pressures of the individual components, or is lower than either component. Because the refrigerants are attracted to each other in a special way, the vapor in equilibrium with the liquid is at the same composition during phase change.

Note: The azeotropic composition depends on temperature. The same combination of refrigerants may form an azeotrope at a different ratio, or not at all, at some other temperature.

Zeotrope: the P-T relationship is a natural combination of the components’ properties. The pressure for the blend falls between the pressures of its components and can be calculated according to established formulas. Considering the P-T relationship for each refrigerant, the resulting pressure and the vapor composition above the liquid for any given liquid composition can be calculated.

In general, if a lot of A is mixed with B, then the blend will have a pressure close to A. If more B is in the mix, then the blend will have a pressure close to B. If you mix equal amounts, the resulting pressure will fall in between. Blend compositions can be adjusted so the blend properties fall exactly where you want. The problem, however, is that you usually can’t get all the properties to match the original refrigerant under all conditions. You must trade off which properties you want to match and which ones that will be different.

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70


Once a blend is mixed at a given composition, the pressure-temperature relationships followthe same general rules for pure components; for example, the pressure goes up when the temperature goes up. For three blends containing different amounts of A and B, the pressurecurve is similarly shaped, but the resulting pressure will be higher for the blend which containsmore of the A (higher pressure) component.

Refrigerant blends that are intended to match some other product (R-22, for example) will rarelymatch the pressure at all points in the desired temperature range. More commonly, the pressure of the blend will match in one temperature range, but will be different elsewhere.

In the above example, the blend with concentration C1 matches the pure refrigerant at cold evaporator temperatures, but the pressure runs higher at condenser conditions. The blend with composition C2 matches closer to room temperature and, for example, might show the same pressure in a cylinder being stored. The operating pressures at evaporator and condenser temperatures, however, will be somewhat different. Finally, the blend at C3 will generate the same pressures at hot condenser conditions, but the evaporator must run at lower pressures to get the same temperature. The choice of where the blend matches the pressure relationship can solve (or cause) certain retrofit-related problems.

The other thing that can be seen from this graph is that if a blend loses some of the higher-pressurecomponent through fractionation, the remaining blend will have lower operating pressures in order to achieve the same temperatures.(*)

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71

New Variable: Composition

Temperature

Pres

sure

(evap.) (cyl.) (cond.)

C1 A BC2 A BC3 A B

HCFC

*


Introduction to Fractionation:Behavior of Individual Refrigerant Molecules

A A+B B

PA Is Higher(more movement)

P.B Is Lower(less movement)

Combined PA more active than B

In Zeotropic Mixtures “A” refrigerant moleculesmove independently from“B” refrigerant molecules.

BlendsTutorial

There are two basic behaviors of refrigerant molecules that will help explain why fractionationoccurs.

1. Pure refrigerants, A or B, exert pressure on the cylinder (or a system) because the molecules are moving around. At higher temperatures, they move around faster, which creates more pressure. At lower temperatures there is less movement, so the pressure is lower.

Different refrigerants have different energies at the same temperature, and therefore, generate higher or lower pressures.

2. Molecules of refrigerant are constantly moving from liquid to vapor and vapor to liquid at the surface of the liquid. Vapor and liquid at equilibrium transfer the same number of molecules back and forth; boiling liquid transfers more from liquid to vapor; and condensing vapor transfers more from vapor to liquid.

Different refrigerants transfer molecules back and forth to the vapor at different rates.

When you mix A and B together, and they don’t form an azeotrope, the individual refrigerant molecules behave as if the other type is not there. The A’s bounce harder than the B’s, contrib-uting more pressure to the blend, but more importantly - the A’s transfer back and forth to the vapor faster than the B’s. This means there are more A’s in the vapor than there are B’s.

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BlendsTutorial

Fractionation of BlendsLow Fractionation

Potential (Low glide)

50% A50% B

55% A, 45% B

PA >>>>PBPA > PB~

High FractionationPotential (High glide)

50% A50% B

80% A, 20% B

80/2055/45

When vapor is removed from a cylinder or system containing a zeotropic blend, two things are going to happen: 1) the vapor being removed is at the wrong composition, so it will have more of the higher pressure/higher capacity refrigerant component; and 2) the liquid that is left behind boils more of the higher pressure component out of the liquid to replace the vapor. Eventually, the liquid composition changes because more of the A component leaves the container or system compared to the bulk liquid composition.

FRACTIONATION is the change in composition of a blend because one (or more) of the components is lost or removed faster than the other(s).

A large difference between the pressures of the starting components will cause a greater difference in the vapor composition compared to the liquid composition. This will worsen the effect of fraction-ation on that blend. The High Fractionation Potential blend shown above will produce a vapor composition of 80% A and 20% B above the liquid composition of 50/50.

Molecules will transfer back and forth to the vapor at a similar rate when the pressures of the individualcomponents are close to each other. The Low Fractionation Potential blend shown above will have a very similar vapor composition compared to the liquid. In this case, it will take a long time to noticeably change the liquid composition away from 50/50.

Temperature Glide will be higher for High Fractionation blends, and lower for Low Fractionation blends.

73

Effects of Fractionation in a Cylinder• Charge wrong composition - poor system behavior• Leave behind wrong composition - rest of cylinder

no good


BlendsTutorial

To avoid charging the wrong composition and fractionating the remaining blend, zeotropic blends must be removed from the cylinder as a liquid. This can be done by turning the cylinder over so the valve is on the bottom. For larger cylinders with two valves, use the ‘liquid’ valve. Liquid refrigerant will come up through a dip tube to the valve.

* All refrigerant suppliers have removed dip tubes in their “30 lb.” packages. Check the box or cylinder label for instructions on which side should be up for liquid removal.

“Liquid charging” does not mean that liquid refrigerant should be pushed into the suction line of the system, allowing it to slug the compressor. After the initial charge into the high side of a system, the technician should start the compressor and complete the charging process by flashing the refrigerant from liquid to vapor in the charging hose or across specially designed valves. Anymethod that allows the refrigerant to go to vapor before it hits the compressor should work.Generally, the refrigerant needs to be added slowly at this point.

Please note: When liquid and vapor are together in a cylinder or in a system, IT IS ALWAYS THEVAPOR THAT WILL BE AT THE WRONG COMPOSITION.

74

80% A, 20% B

50% A50% B

80% A, 20% BInvert Cylinder

Dip Tube

50/50

50/50

50% A50% B


BlendsTutorial

Fractionation Effects onSystem Charge

V

L

VL

L

V(frac)

V(frac)

At Rest

V(circ)

L(circ)

L + V(turbulence)

V(circ)

Running

L + V(turbulence)

A system at rest will allow the refrigerant to pool and the vapor to come to an equilibrium concentrationabove the liquid. Leaks that occur in vapor areas of the equipment will fractionate the blend. The worst case will occur when about half of the refrigerant charge has leaked. Small amounts leaked froma system will not change the remaining blend by much. Large leaks will shift the composition, but the majority of the pounds after recharge will be from fresh product at the correct composition.

Recharging the system after repair will result in a blend with slightly reduced capacity and operatingpressures. In smaller systems, where charge size is critical, it will be best to recover any remaining refrigerant and charge with fresh blend. In larger systems, you will need to make a decision whether the remaining charge should be recovered or not. Note: for Low Fractionation Potential blends you will not see much shift in composition anyway, and therefore the charge can be topped off after repair without loss of properties.

In running systems it has been found that the circulating composition is the original blend composition.In liquid and suction lines there is no second phase, and in the heat exchangers there is much turbulenceso leaks will lose both vapor and liquid. Testing has shown that leaks from a running system do not cause fractionation, and a normally cycling system will not fractionate much during the off cycle.

In other words, in most refrigeration applications, servicing systems with blends does not require full recov-ery of the charge. After repair, most systems can be topped off with the blend. In most air conditioningsystems, however, a leak during the off season will likely require a full change of refrigerant charge.

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BlendsTutorial

Fractionation Effects onSome System Components

Continuous

L: 50 / 50

V: 80 / 20

.paV.qiL

Flooded Evaporator Suction Accumulator

L: 50 / 50

V: 80 / 20V: 50 / 50

Vap.(Liq.Slug)

Vap.

Periodic

Flooded Evaporators are designed to keep a pool of boiling liquid refrigerant surrounding a bundle of tubes. The water, brine, or product to be cooled flows through the tubes. The vapor that boils off thispool is returned to the compressor, condensed, and then poured back into the pool.

In the case of zeotropic blends, the vapor that boils off this pool of refrigerant will be at the fraction-ated composition. If the properties at this composition differ significantly from what the compressorexpects, then the system could develop high head pressures, high amperage draw at the compressor,reduced cooling effectiveness (capacity) in the evaporator, etc. Normally the use of blends in this typeof system is not recommended.

Suction Accumulators are placed in the suction line before the compressor to keep liquid from flowinginto the compressor. The liquid slug is trapped in the accumulator where it can boil off to vapor, combining with other suction gas. Zeotropic blends will fractionate in the accumulator, giving a short-lived spike of higher-pressure vapor back to the compressor.

Systems with suction accumulators should not be overcharged with the expectation that the accumulator will protect the compressor. (This may lead to frequent pressure spikes.) Also, this typeof system should never be charged by dumping liquid refrigerant into the suction line and allowingit to vaporize in the accumulator. (High pressure trips may occur.)

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BlendsTutorial

Let’s assume that a blend of 50% A refrigerant and 50% B refrigerant flows across a valve into an evaporator coil. If we follow a small “piece” of the blend as it flows along the tube we can see the effect of fractionation:

1. At the beginning of the tube the blend is mostly liquid with a few bubbles in it. The liquid composition is 50/50 and the boiling point is (for purposes of discussion ) 40˚F.

2. As the “piece” of refrigerant marches along the tube, more liquid is boiled to vapor. Since A transfers to vapor faster than B, a larger proportion of A (than B) is transferred to vapor. This makes the composition of the liquid change along the length of the tube. In this example, the “piece of blend” which started at 50/50, now has a liquid composition at 37% A and 63% B. (The vapor has the extra A - at 65%.) The important point is that the boiling temperature of the current liquid composition is now about 45˚F.

3. When our “piece” of the blend gets to the end of the evaporator it is now almost all vapor. This vapor contains almost all of the refrigerant that we started with at the beginning of the tube, so the composition is almost back to 50/50. The last few remaining drops are now concentrated in the B component (about 75% in this example). The boiling point of this liquid composition is now about 50˚F.

Overall Temperature Glide: The difference in temperature between the Saturated Vapor blend at the end of the evaporator and the liquid entering the evaporator is 50˚F-40˚F = 10˚F.

77

Temperature Glide in the Evaporator

1

3

2

Liquid with afew bubblesL = 50 / 50V=80 / 20Temp = 40°F

Vapor andlast few drops liquidL = 25 / 75V = 50 / 50Temp = 50°F

Equal vapor and liquidL = 37 / 63V = 65 / 35Temp = 45°F

Relationship between blend fractionation and temperature glide through evaporator tube:


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78

Effects of Temperature Glide

Avg. Temp

ColderRegion

WarmerRegion

Frost formation?

Superheat setting?

For pure refrigerants, the evaporator coil is at a constant temperature throughout. For blends, however, the temperature glide causes the tubing to be at different temperatures.

If you stand back and blow a fan across the evaporator coil, the air that blows out the other side looks like it saw an average temperature. Part of the evaporator is colder, and part is warmer, but the air mixes and generally gives the equivalent house or box temperature as if it passes over a constant temperature coil at this average. There are, however, some potential problems that can occur:

• The colder part of the coil may form frost faster than an equivalent coil at constant temp.• The warmer part of the coil may cause “hot spots” in the case or cold box, affecting product quality.• Temperature control sensors located in hot or cold spots may affect cycle times.• Ice machines will produce thicker ice on the bottom of the plate and thinner ice at the top.• TXV sensor bulbs located at the outlet of the evaporator will now see warmer gas.

Generally the temperature glide does not affect the system’s ability to remove heat from the air or from product, but the glide will probably affect some of the system’s controls. Superheat settings and pressure controls will be discussed further.

Frost formation and hot or cold spots must be addressed “outside” the refrigeration loop (defrost strategies, product placement, etc.). Making the whole coil warmer or colder will change the overall air or box temperature, not solve the glide-related problem.


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79

ICE MACHINE TEST RESULTS

Various R-12 retrofit blends were tested in an R-12 ice machine. The picture above represents a side-view of the plate as the water freezes.

For R-12, the water froze in a nearly constant thickness all the way down the plate. The evaporator,mounted on the back side of the plate, held a constant 10˚F along the entire length. The ice thicknesssensor was located at about row 3.

For each of the blends tested, R-401A, R-409A and R-414B, the glide of the blend caused the lowerportion of the plate to be from 8˚F to 13˚F colder than the upper portion of the plate. The top rows did not fill in as quickly as the bottom, and the overall ice bank that formed was weighted more towards the lower portion of the plate.

The ice machine was still operating at the same suction pressure and was generating the same 30 ounces of ice every 20 minutes. The biggest difference was the setting of the thickness sensor. For the first run, the machine did not shut off because the ice surface near the 3rd row was not forming as fast as the lower portion of the plate. When the sensor was adjusted inward to take this into account, the machine ran fine.

R-12 High Glide Blends

ThicknessSensor

ThicknessSensor - NoAdjustment

10°F

10°F

10°F 401A: 13°F409A: 15°F414B: 15°F

401A: 9°F409A: 8.5°F414B: 8.5°F

401A: 5°F409A: 2°F414B: 2°F

Needs to bemoved in

Suc. P = 15 psigIce Wt. = 30 ozCycleTime = 20 min

Wat

er F

low

Ref

riger

ant F

low

Side View of an Ice Machine Grid/Ice Profile near Harvest - R-12 and High Glide Blends


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80

Bubble Point / Dew PointTE

MPE

RAT

URE

TEM

PER

ATUR

E

glide

Superheated

Subcooled

Boiling

Superheated

Boiling

Subcooled

BubblePoint

DewPoint

Evaporating ----------><-----------Condensing

Single Component Blends

(Liquid with a“bubble” in it)

(Vapor with a“dew drop” in it)

(Constant Pressure)

The process of phase change (boiling or condensing) is the same for blends as it is for pure refrigerants:

Boiling: liquid reaches a temperature where bubbles form and then the liquid boils to vapor. When the last drops of liquid disappear, any additional heat input causes the vapor to superheat.

Condensing: vapor cools to a temperature where liquid drops start to form, then the vapor condenses to liquid. When the last of the vapor disappears, any additional removal of heat causes the liquid to subcool.

When these phase changes occur in a pure refrigerant, at constant pressure, the temperature staysconstant at what we normally call the “boiling point”.

For blends the process is the same but, the shift in composition during phase change causes the temperature glide to occur. The vapor will still superheat and the liquid will still subcool; however,the Saturated Vapor temperature and the Saturated Liquid temperature are now the temperaturesat the ends of the temperature glide for a given pressure.

Saturated Liquid = Bubble Point (Liquid with bubbles starting to form) Saturated Vapor = Dew Point (Vapor with dew drops starting to form)


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81

Pressure-Temperature (PT) charts traditionally have listed the temperature in the left column and pressures for various refrigerants in the remaining columns. For blends, we now need two columnsper refrigerant: one for Vapor Pressures and one for Liquid pressures.

Note: You should not read a PT chart across - heat exchanges run at constant pressure, not constant temperature.

Superheat Setting: the process for obtaining superheat is the same as it has always been - measure the temperature on the suction line, for example, at the TXV bulb. To find the saturated vapor temperature you measure the suction pressure, and then refer to the PT chart for the corresponding temperature. For blends you must use the Vapor (Dew Point) column. Subtract the saturated temperature from the measured temperature to get the amount of superheat.

Subcooling: the process for obtaining subcooling is also the same as it has been - measure the temperature of the line at the point of interest. To find the saturated temperature of the liquid you measure the pressure on the condenser, and then refer to the PT chart for the corresponding temp-erature. For blends you must use the Liquid (Bubble Point) column. Subtract the measured value from the saturated value to get degrees of subcooling.

Keep in mind the state of the refrigerant (liquid or vapor) where the measurement is being taken to determine which column you need to use. Also keep in mind that the only practical place that you find saturated vapor, at the correct composition, is at the end of the evaporator when measuring superheat. Do not use the vapor column when liquid is present, since the vapor is at the wrong composition.

Two-Column PT Charts

• T ra d itio n a l P T C h a rts– Tem perature in left colum n, press ure in the

rem aining columns– S aturated pres sure listed - sam e for boiling

or condensing / saturated liquid or vapor

• N e w B len d s N e e d T w o C o lu m ns– Zeotropic blends hav e different tem peratures

for s aturated liquid and s aturated vapor atconstant pressure

– B ubble Point (or Liquid) g ives pres sure forsaturated liquid; us ed as the reference pointfor s ubc ooling c alculations

– D ew P oint (or V apor) g ives pres sure forsaturated v apor; used as the reference pointfor s uperheat c alc ulations


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82

Assume a refrigeration system has been retrofitted from a single component refrigerant to a blend with a temperature glide of about 10˚F. The blend will run with an average evaporator temperature that matches the constant evaporator temperature of the refrigerant that was replaced. About half of the glide is making the front of the evaporator colder, and the other half of the glide is making the back of the evaporator warmer. The outlet is about 5˚F warmer than it used to be.

The TXV bulb has not been adjusted, and it was initially set for 7˚F superheat above the saturated temperature of the original refrigerant. With the blend, the same average evaporator temperature is achieved - but now this only provides 2˚F of superheat above the blend’s vapor temperature.

If the safety margin provided by the superheat setting is reduced too far, it is possible that the refrigerant may flood back to the compressor. In many cases, reducing the superheat by 4˚F or 5˚Fmay not be a problem, but, it is always a good idea to check the superheat to make sure.

Some R-12 retrofit blends have as high as 14˚F glide -- enough to completely overcome an originalsuperheat setting of 7˚F. Many of the current R-22 retrofit blends have temperature glides from5˚F to 10˚F.

See pages 102 - 104 for a more detailed discussion of TXV operation after retrofitting.

Refrigeration Example:Average Evaporator Temperature

and Superheat

TEM

PER

ATU

RE

Superheat = 2ºF

Evaporator Length

Single Component Blend after Retrofit

Evaporator Length

Avg. Evap.Temp.

SuctionLine

SuctionLine

Superheat = 7ºF

Boiling Point

Bulb Setting


BlendsTutorial

83

For air conditioning, the effects of temperature glide will be somewhat less severe. Using the same blend with a 10˚F glide, this example looks at the effects of temperature glide using typical superheat settings for an air conditioner (10˚F to 15˚F).

The blend will run with an average evaporator temperature that matches the constant evaporatortemperature of the refrigerant that was replaced. About half of the glide is making the front of the evaporator colder, and the other half of the glide is making the back of the evaporator warmer. The outlet will be 5˚F warmer than it used to be.

The TXV bulb has not been adjusted, and it was initially set for 15˚F superheat above the saturatedtemperature of the original refrigerant. With the blend, the same average evaporator temperatureis achieved - but now the superheat drops to 10˚F.

For most running conditions this should not be an immediate problem; however, air conditionersare critically charged to cover the worst case scenario of a hot day and cool house. In this case,the refrigerant is in danger of flooding back from the evaporator so correct superheat settings will be important. If the valve is adjustable, then superheat should be increased to compensate for theglide. If not, the system should be charged with slightly less refrigerant than the indicated amount.

Air Conditioning Example:Average Evaporator Temperature

and SuperheatTE

MPE

RA

TUR

E

Superheat = 15ºF

Boiling Point

Superheat = 10ºF

Evaporator Length

Single Component Blend after Retrofit

Evaporator Length

Avg. Evap.Temp.

SuctionLine

SuctionLine

Bulb Setting

Cut In / Cut Out Pressure ControlUsing Blends

R-12: Running System

Cut Out pressure=15 psig Corresponds to 10ºF boiling temp

Cut In pressure=45 psig Corresponds to 38ºF “Liquid Pool” temp

Cut In pressure=35 psigCorresponds to 38ºF “Liquid Pool” temp

Cut Out pressure=15 psig Corresponds to 10ºFavg. evap. temp

Blend: Running System

R-12: System is Off Blend: System is Off


BlendsTutorial

84

With R-12, a Cut In/Cut Out Pressure Control work as follows:

• The R-12 coil gets down to about 10˚F and the pressure is about 15 psig. This means the box temperature is somewhere in the 20’s ˚F. The pressure switch knows the box is cold enough and it turns off the compressor.

• Liquid R-12 pools in the evaporator coil and warms up to box temperature. As the box warms to about 38˚F, the R-12 in the coil generates 35 psig and the pressure switch turns the system on again.

With the R-12 Retrofit Blends, the control works similarly:

• The average blend coil temperature gets down to about 10˚F at about 15 to 16 psig (depending on the blend). The box temperature is about the same as it was with R-12, and the pressure switch shuts off the system.

• LIQUID blend settles in the coil and warms to box temperature. The blends have higher liquid pressures than R-12 - if no adjustment is made, the pressure switch will kick the system back on at 35 psig. For R-401A, this happens at 29˚F; for R-406A it is 32˚F; for R-409A it is 27˚F; for R-414B it is 28˚F; and for R-416A it is 43˚F. Most of the blends will turn the system on too cold, and short cycling will cause the system to freeze up.

You will need to check the liquid pressure at 38˚F and reset the cut in pressure accordingly.(Note: the vapor is at the wrong composition; do not use the vapor column.)

R-12 Replacement RefrigerantsProperty Comparison

Pressure Match

R-12

R-134a

Refrigeration Blends

R-401A

R-401B

R-409AAutomotive Blends

R-406A

R-414B

R-416A


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85

R-134a: At first look, R-134a pressures match R-12 pretty well, but other properties show that R-134aneeds larger equipment to perform the same job (higher compressor displacement and more surfacearea in the condenser). In effect, R-134a in an R-12 system has lower capacity and higher discharge pressures than expected. In addition, it requires POE flushing to remove mineral oil during a retrofit.R-401A and R-401B: These are R22 based blends that tend to have higher temperature glide. The presence of R-152a, an HFC, hurts miscibility with mineral oil. It is recommended to change some of the mineral oil to alkylbenzene unless it is a hermetic system running at warmer temp-eratures. R-401A matches R-12 capacity at around 20˚F evaporator; warmer conditions will begin to show effects from being over-capacity (higher amperage draw, shorter cycle times). R-401B offers a boost in capacity at lower temperatures (-30˚F).R-409A: This R-22 based-blend has higher temperature glide. It has moderate miscibility with mineral oil, and generally offers good oil return in systems down to 0˚F evaporator. R-12 capacity match is about 10˚F and it still works well at lower evaporator temperatures. Higher discharge temperatures and pressures can develop, especially in warmer applications.R-414B: This R-22 based blend has been formulated to keep the head pressure down. It is approved for automotive applications, although nylon barrier hoses and special fittings are required. In refrig-eration equipment there may be a drop in capacity at colder temperatures.R-416A : This R-134a based blend has an added HCFC component that keeps the head pressure lower upon retrofit. There will be a drop in capacity compared to R-12, which could be significant in colder applications. Lower suction pressures must also be taken into account. This blend also has lower temperature glide. The manufacturer claims it is OK to use with mineral oil, however the blend does not actually mix with the oil (return is helped by a hydrocarbon component.) Adding POElubricant is recommended for more complicated piping arrangements.

-20

0.6

4”v

1

2

0

4”v

0

7.5”v

10

14.6

12

16

19

15

12

14

8

40

37

35

41

46

39

33

37

28

90ºF

100

104

115

124

116

105

105

97

100

100

53 / 13 / 34

61 / 11 / 28

60 / 25 / 15

55 / 4 / 41

50 / 1.5 / 39 / 9.5

59 / 2 / 39

(pure)

(pure)

22 / 152a / 124

22 / 152a / 124

22 / 124 / 142b

22 / 600a / 142b

22/600a/124/142b

134a / 600 / 124

0

0

8

8

13

15

13

3

M

P

MAP

AP

MAP

MAP

MAP

P

Refrigerant Components Composition Glide Lube

M: Mineral Oil A: Alkylbenzene P: Polyolester


BlendsTutorial

86

R-407A and R-407C: Both products have the closest capacity and run-time property match to R-22. All products will have lower discharge temperatures than R-22. R-407A is a closer match at lower application temperatures, such as in commercial refrigeration applications. R-407C will work better in medium temperature and air conditioning applications. Replacement of mineraloil with polyolester (POE) is recommended

R-422B and R-422D: These blends will have lower capacity than R-22 in the same system, and in many cases there will be an increase in pressure drop that may require changing TXVs or distrib-utors. They contain hydrocarbons that will help circulate mineral oil in smaller systems. Larger systems, especially ones with receivers, will need addition of POE to help keep the mineral oil from being stranded.

R-404A and R-507: These blends can be used to retrofit R-22 systems that would otherwise be able to run R-404A , such as in commercial refrigeration applications. TXVs would need to be changed to the appropriate R-404A model. Discharge pressures would also increase, although discharge temperatures would come down. An oil change to POE is also required.

R-422C: This blend can be used to retrofit low temperature R-22 systems. The performance characteristics (pressure/temperature) will look much like R-404A, but with a drop in capacity of up to 10%. The hydrocarbon additive will help circulate mineral oil around the system. In larger systems, however, some oil holdup may occur in the receiver. Addition of POE will solve this problem.

R-22 Replacements forRefrigeration and Air Conditioning

Refrigerant

R-22

Look-alike BlendsR-407AR-407CR-422BR422DR-404A(507)R-422C

New OnlyR-410A

Components

22

32 / 125 / 134a32 / 125 / 134a

125 / 134a / 600a125 / 134a / 600a125 / 143a / 134a125 / 134a / 600a

32 / 125

Glide

0

101055

1.54.5

0.2

Lube

MA

pp

MAP?MAP?

PMAP?

P

Pressure Match

-2010

1210

8101616

27

1033

373430344443

62

4068

787165718686

118

110226

259245221238271273

365

130˚F279

34324292313355356

476


Refrigerant Components Composition Glide Lube Pressure Match -20 10 40 90°F

R-502 22 / 115 49 / 51 0 MA 15 41 81 187 HCFC Blends R-402A 125 / 290 / 22 60 / 2 / 38 2.5 M+AP 19 48 93 215 R-402B 125 / 290 / 22 38 / 2 / 60 2.5 M+AP 15 42 83 198 R-408A 125 / 143a / 22 7 / 46 / 47 1 M+AP 14 38 77 186

HFC Blends R-404A 125 / 143a / 134a 44 / 52 / 4 1.5 P 16 48 84 202 R-507 125 / 143a 50 / 50 0 P 18 46 89 210 R-422C 125 / 134a / 600a 82 / 15 / 3 5 MAP 18 44 87 205

R-402A and R-402B: R-402A shows higher discharge pressures than R-502, however the discharge temperature is lower. R-402B is a closer match in pressure, but the discharge temperature runs higher (this is good for ice machines, which is where R-402B is primarily used). Although propane is added to improve oil circulation, it is still recommended to replace some mineral oil with alkylbenzene oil.

R-408A: R-408A has the closest PT match to R-502 across the whole application range. It also hasvery low temperature glide. R-408A does generate higher discharge temperatures than R-502, andthis could be a problem in extreme application conditions, such as transport refrigeration in hot climates. R-408A can be used in most refrigeration systems.

R-404A and R-507: These two blends are virtually the same in terms of operation and equipment.In a retrofit situation, they will require POE flushing to be performed. They will also generate higherdischarge pressures. Generally speaking, retrofitting with these HCFC blends will add more complexityand cost to a retrofit job, especially when compared to using one of the other blends.

R-422C : This blend can be used to retrofit low temperature R-22 systems. The performance characteristics (pressure/temperature) will look much like R404A, but with a drop in capacity of up to 10%. The hydrocarbon additive will help circulate mineral oil around the system. In larger systems, however, some oil holdup may occur in the receiver. Addition of POE oil will solve this problem.


BlendsTutorial

87


R-502 Replacement RefrigerantsProperty Comparison

SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION

NOTES:

LOCATION

ADDRESS

REFRIGERANT CHARGE / TYPE

LUBRICANT CHARGE / TYPE

COMPRESSOR MODEL(S)

CONDENSER MODEL(S)

For larger systems: Fill in overall system data then use subsequent charts for case/evaporator run data.

For small systems: Use subsequent tables - one row for each system retrofit.

For distributed or stand-alone systems: Reference individual condensing unit(s) in the following tables.

5th Edition 2010Refrigeratant Reference Guide 88

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Refrigerant Retrofit Checklist

Additional copies of page 88 and 89 are available in NRI’s R-22 Retrofit Guideline and Procedures Handbook.

EXPANSION DEVICE

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE/RH

SUCTION TEMPERATURE

SUCTION PRESSURE

CONDENSER PRESSURE

CASE/BOX TEMPERATURE

SUPERHEAT SETTING

SUBCOOLING SETTING

SIGHT GLASS APPEARANCE

BEFORERETROFIT

AFTERRETROFIT

BEFORERETROFIT

AFTERRETROFIT

BEFORERETROFIT

AFTERRETROFIT

BEFORERETROFIT

AFTERRETROFIT

BEFORERETROFIT

AFTERRETROFIT

BEFORERETROFIT

AFTERRETROFIT

BEFORERETROFIT

AFTERRETROFIT

BEFORERETROFIT

AFTERRETROFIT

CONDENSING UNIT MODEL

EVAPORATOR MODEL

System/Case Numbers

EXPANSION DEVICE

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE/RH

SUCTION TEMPERATURE

SUCTION PRESSURE

CONDENSER PRESSURE

CASE/BOX TEMPERATURE

SUPERHEAT SETTING

SUBCOOLING SETTING

SIGHT GLASS APPEARANCE

CONDENSING UNIT MODEL

EVAPORATOR MODEL

System/Case Numbers

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Refrigerant Retrofit Checklist

89 5th Edition 2010Refrigerant Reference Guide

Additional copies of page 88 and 89 are available in NRI’s R-22 Retrofit Guideline and Procedures Handbook.

SYSTEM DATA COLLECTION


R-12 Systems - General Considerations

R-12 and R-500 Air Conditioning1. For centrifugal compressors, it is recommended that the manufacturer’s engineering staff become involved in the project - special parts or procedures may be required. This will ensure proper capacity and reliable operation after the retrofit.2. Most older, direct expansion systems can retrofit to R-401A, R-409A, R-414B or R-416A (R-500 to R-401B or R-409A), as long as there are not components that will cause fractionation within the system to occur.3. Filter driers should be changed at the time of conversion.4. System should be properly labeled with refrigerant and lubricant type.

R-12 Medium / High Temperature Refrigeration (>0˚F evap)1. See Recommendation Table for blends that work better in high ambient heat conditions.2. Review the properties of the new refrigerant you will use, and compare them to R-12. Prepare for any adjustments to system components based on pressure difference or temperature glide.3. Filter driers should be changed at the time of conversion.4. System should be properly labeled with refrigerant and lubricant type.

R-12 Low Temperature Refrigeration (<20˚F evap)1. See Recommendations Table for blends that have better low temperature capacity.2. Review the properties of the new refrigerant you will use, and compare them to R-12. Prepare for any adjustments to system components based on pressure difference or temperature glide.3. Filter driers should be changed at the time of conversion.4. System should be properly labeled with refrigerant and lubricant type.

R-12 Retrofitting

90

R-12 AC

R-414B

R-416A

R-401A

R-409A

R-134a

R-500 AC

R-409A

R-401B

R-401A

R-414B

R-134a

R-416A

Higher T

R-416A

R-414B

R-401A

R-409A

R-134a

Lower T

R-409A

R-401A

R-414B

R-416A

R-134a

Higher T

R-414B

R-409A

R-401A

R-416A

R-134a

Lower T

R-409A

R-401A

R-414B

R-416A

R-134a

R-12 small equipment R-12 larger equipment

Recommendations for R-12 Retrofit Products

Most Different / Hardest

Closest Match / Easiest


General Retrofit Procedure: Centrifugal, Reciprocating AC and Refrigeration Systems

R-12 to R-134a

91

1. If the system is able to run -- collect system data and operating conditions prior to retrofit.

2. Isolate the compressor and recover the R-12. Change the lubricant in the compressor to polyolester (POE). For hermetic compressors this may require removal of the compressor.

3. Replace any oil in auxiliary components such as oil separators or oil feed systems.

4. Close the system and run with R-12 for 24 hours to circulate the POE and flush the mineral oil back to the compressor.

5. Repeat steps 2-4 until residual mineral oil level is below manufacturer’s recommendations (typically 5%). (If the unit is not operational, then perform the oil flushing procedure immediately after startup with R-134a.)

6. Recover the R-12 from the entire system.

7. Perform any maintenance, repair, or component replacements, and change filter/driers.

8. Evacuate the system to manufacturer’s specifications.

9. Charge the system with the proper amount of R-134a (usually 85% to 90% of the original R-12 charge by weight).

10. Operate the system and record new system operation data. Make adjustments to controls as needed to ensure proper operation.

11. Label the system with the new refrigerant and lubricant type.

Most common areas that require adjustment or attention:• Changing the lubricant to POE

• TXV valve adjustment / superheat setting


General Retrofit Procedure: Reciprocating AC and Refrigeration Systems

R-12 to R-401A/B, R-409A, R-414B

92



3. Perform any maintenance, repair or component replacements, and change filter/driers. If needed (for low temperatures) remove mineral oil from the system and replace with an equivalent amount of alkylbenzene oil.


5. Charge the system with the proper amount of the blend (usually 80% to 85% of the original R-12 charge by weight). Be sure to remove liquid refrigerant from the cylinder to get the proper composition (but flash the refrigerant before feeding into a running system).



Most common areas that require adjustment or attention: • TXV valve adjustment / superheat setting (use Vapor side of PT chart)

• Pressure controls (cut in / cut out) • Pressure related switches or controls - difference from R-12 pressures • Irregular frost formation with high glide blends • High discharge pressure or temperature, high amps in high ambient temperature conditions (abuse of compressor)


General Retrofit Procedure: Reciprocating AC and Refrigeration Systems

R-12 to R-416A

93



3. Perform any maintenance, repair or component replacements, and change filter/driers. If needed (for complicated piping, large hold-up volumes) remove mineral oil from the system and replace with an equivalent amount of polyolester lubricant.


5. Charge the system with the proper amount of the blend (about 90% R-12 charge by weight). Be sure to remove liquid refrigerant from the cylinder to get the proper composition (but flash the refrigerant before feeding into a running system).

6. Operate the system and record new system operation data. Make adjustments to controls as needed to ensure proper operation. Cap tube systems may need slight charge adjustment to achieve proper operation.


Most common areas that require adjustment or attention: • TXV valve adjustment / superheat setting (use Vapor side of PT chart) • Pressure controls (cut in / cut out) • Pressure related switches or controls - lower from R-12 pressures • Loss of capacity at lower evaporator temperatures / longer run times


General Retrofit Procedure: AC and Refrigeration Systems

R-22 to R-407A, R-407C

94

1. Collect baseline data for operation of the system with existing R-22 charge. Make note of any obvious performance problems with the system.

2. Leak check the system while still charged with R-22 to identify any repairs needed during the retrofit process.

3. Change the lubricant in the compressor to the oil specified by the manufacturer. For hermetic compressors this may require removal of the compressor.

4. Replace any oil in auxiliary components such as oil separators or in oil feed system.

5. Disconnect electrical power to system and properly recover the R-22 charge. Record the amount of R-22 recovered.

6. Perform any required maintenance or repair operations previously identified, including: - replacement of seals and gaskets - pressure controls (cut in / cut out) - pressure related switches or controls - difference from R-22 pressures - leak repairs - filter drier replacement - compressor oil change

7. If desired, pressurize and leak check the system by preferred method. Evacuate the system down to 250 microns and confirm that it holds.

8. Charge the system with the retrofit blend to about 90% to 95% of the recovered R-22 charge size. Make sure the refrigerant is removed from the cylinder as a liquid.

9. Restart the system and allow it to come to normal operating conditions. Compare the new operation data to the R-22 run time data. Adjust operation as needed.

10. Check superheat on the TXVs and adjust as necessary.Note: The temperature glide of a blend will likely affect TXVs by showing a lower than

expected superheat value. (Reference TXV section- page 102 - 104)

11. Label the system with identification stickers showing the new refrigerant and oil charge.


General Retrofit Procedure: AC and Refrigeration Systems

R-22 to R-422B, R-422D

95

1. Collect baseline data for operation of the system with existing R-22 charge. Make note of any obvious performance problems with the system.

2. Leak check the system while still charged with R-22 to identify any repairs needed during the retrofit process.

3. Change the lubricant in the compressor to the oil specified by the manufacturer. Oil return is determined by a number of design and operating conditions. In some systems a small amount, up to 10%, of POE may need to be added to assist in oil return.

4. Disconnect electrical power to system and properly recover the R-22 charge. Record the amount of R-22 recovered.

5. Perform any required maintenance or repair operations previously identified, including: - replacement of seals and gaskets - pressure controls (cut in / cut out) - pressure related switches or controls - difference from R-22 pressures - leak repairs - filter drier replacement - compressor oil change - replace TXV, TXV element, and refrigerant distributor nozzle as required

6. If desired, pressurize and leak check the system by preferred method. Evacuate the system down to 250 microns and confirm that it holds.

7. Charge the system with the retrofit blend to about 90% to 95% of the recovered R-22 charge size. Make sure the refrigerant is removed from the cylinder as a liquid.

8. Restart the system and allow it to come to normal operating conditions. Compare the new operation data to the R-22 run time data. Adjust operation as needed.

9. Check superheat on the TXVs and adjust as necessary.Note: The temperature glide of a blend will likely affect TXVs by showing a lower than

expected superheat value. (Reference TXV section - page 102- 104)

10. Label the system with identification stickers showing the new refrigerant and oil charge.


General Retrofit Procedure: Refrigeration Systems

R-22 to R-404A, R-507, R-422A/C

96

1. If the system is able to run - collect system data and operating conditions prior to retrofit.

2. If an oil change is indicated (R-404A, R-507, possible R-422A/C), isolate the compressor and recover the R-22. Change the lubricant in the compressor to polyolester (POE). For hermetic compressors, this may require removal of the compressor.

3. Replace any oil in auxiliary components such as oil separators or oil feed systems.


5. Repeat steps 2-4 until residual mineral oil level is below manufacturer’s recommendations (typically 5%). If the unit is not operational, then perform the oil flushing procedure immediately after startup.


7. Perform any maintenance, repair, or component replacements, especially TXVs, and change filter/driers.





Most Common Areas that Require Adjustment or Attention: • TXV valve replacement / superheat setting (use Vapor side of PT chart) • Pressure controls (cut in / cut out) • Pressure related switches or controls - difference from R-22 pressures • Changing the lubricant to POE (R-404A / R-507)


General Retrofit Procedure: Reciprocating AC and Transport Refrigeration Systems

R-500 to R-401A/B, R-409A, R-414B

97



3. Perform any maintenance, repair, or component replacements and change filter/driers. If needed (for low temperatures) remove mineral oil from the system and replace with an equivalent amount of alkylbenzene oil.





Most Common Areas that Require Adjustment or Attention: • TXV valve adjustment/ superheat setting (use Vapor side of PT chart) • Pressure related switches or controls - most have lower pressure than R-500


General Retrofit Procedure: Refrigeration Systems and Ice Machines

R-502 to R-402A/B, R-408A

98



3. Perform any maintenance, repair or component replacements and change filter/driers. If oil return has been a problem with R-502, remove mineral oil from the system and replace with an equivalent amount of alkylbenzene oil.





Most Common Areas that Require Adjustment or Attention: • TXV valve adjustment/ superheat setting (use Vapor side of PT chart) • Pressure controls (cut in / cut out) • Pressure related switches or controls - difference from R-502 pressures



R-502 to R-404A, R-507

99


2. Isolate the compressor and recover the R-502. Change the lubricant in the compressor to polyolester (POE). For hermetic compressors, this may require removal of the compressor.

3. Replace any oil in auxiliary components, such as oil separators or oil feed systems.


5. Repeat steps 2-4 until residual mineral oil level is below manufacturer’s recommendations (typically 5%). (If the unit is not operational then perform the oil flushing procedure immediately after startup with R-404A/R-507.)


7. Perform any maintenance, repair or component replacements and change filter/driers.


9. Charge the system with the proper amount of R-404A or R-507 (usually 85% to 90% of the original R-502 charge by weight).



Most Common Areas that Require Adjustment or Attention: • Changing the lubricant to POE • TXV valve adjustment/ superheat setting



R-502, R-402A, R-402B or R-408A to R-422C

100


2. Recover the refrigerant charge from the entire system.

3. If there are large system components that may retain oil as a non-miscible layer, then replace at least 50% of the oil with polyolester (POE) lubricant.

4. Perform any maintenance, repair, or component replacements and change filter/driers.


6. Charge the system with the proper amount of R-422C (about 90% to 95% of the original R-502 charge by weight, or about the same charge as R-402A/B, or about 105% of the R-408A charge).



Most Common Areas that Require Adjustment or Attention: • Small addition of POE in some cases • Slight TXV valve adjustment/ superheat setting


General Retrofit Procedure: Cascade Systems - High Side

R-13 and R-503 to R-23 or R-508B

101

Follow guidelines for high stage refrigerant.


2. Recover the refrigerant charge from the low stage. Special recovery equipment and cylinders are required to accommodate the high pressure of these refrigerants.

3. Replace mineral oil or alkylbenzene with POE lubricant. Low residual mineral oil is important for circulation.

4. Perform any maintenance, repair or component replacements and change filter/driers.


6. Charge the system according to manufacturer’s specifications, with the proper amount of hydrocarbon additive (if required), then the proper amount of refrigerant. (see notes below)



General Retrofit Procedure: Cascade Systems - Low Side

Performance Changes upon Retrofitting (-120˚F evap. -30˚F cond.)

Product

R-13to R-23

R-503to R-508B

Capacity

100104

10098

Efficiency

10091

100103

Suction P(psig)

1213

1818

Discharge P(psig)

104123

145147

Discharge T(˚F)

198280

225186

Expansion Tanks should be adequate upon retrofit.

Static Charge AdjustmentR-13 to R-23: increase up to 30%R13 to R-508B: increase up to 7%R-503 to R-508B: decrease down to -8%

If indicated, charge hydrocarbons from 5% to 10% of the refrigerant static charge

The nominal capacity of a Thermostatic Expansion Valve (TXV) is simply the capacity at the conditions it is rated. For high pressure refrigerants, such as R-22 or its alternatives, the AHRI industry standard rating point is: 40˚F evaporator temperature, 100˚F liquid temperature, and a 100 psi pressure drop across the TXV port. If any of these conditions change, the valve’s capacity will also change.

Table 1 shows the capacities of a nominal 2 ton R-22 TXV when used with R-22, R-407A, and R-407C. Capacities are shown at varying evaporator temperatures, but in each instance the standard rating conditions of 100˚F liquid temperature and a 100 psi pressure drop across the TXV port are used in conjunction with the various evaporator temperatures. Note the highlighted nominal capacities for the three refrigerants listed and how they differ. This is the result of differing thermodynamic properties between the three refrigerants.

G 2

VC, VCP100, VGA VZ, VZP VC, VCP100, VGA VZ, VZP40 NC, NCP100, NGA

1.96 1.75 1.31 1.87 2.00 1.71 1.74 1.54 1.12 1.84 1.97 1.70

40˚ 20˚ 0˚ -10˚ -20˚ -40˚ 40˚ 20˚ 0˚ -10˚ -20˚ -40˚ 40˚ 20˚ 0˚

Nominal TXV CapacitiesTable 1

If a specific application is utilizing a liquid temperature or pressure drop across the TXV port whichis different than the AHRI rating condition, the correction factors in Table 2 and/or Table 3 would beapplied to the capacity listed in Table 1 to determine the actual TXV capacity.

Liquid Correction Factors

Liquid Temperature Entering TXV ˚F

1.56

1.75

1.69

1.51

1.68

1.62

1.45

1.61

1.55

1.40

1.53

1.49

1.34

1.46

1.42

1.29

1.39

1.35

1.17

1.24

1.21

1.12

1.16

1.14

1.06

1.08

1.07

1.00

1.00

1.00

0.94

0.92

0.93

1.23

1.31

1.28

Valve Type

R-22R-407AR-407C

0˚ 10˚ 20˚ 30˚ 40˚ 50˚ 60˚ 70˚ 80˚ 90˚ 100˚ 110˚Correction Factor, CF Liquid Temperature

Recommended Thermostatic ChargesR-22 R-407A R-407C

ValveType

NominalCapacity

Refrigerant

Table 2

Sizing Thermostatic Expansion Devices (TXV)

Some refrigerants will have very similar run-time capacity and pressure drop across a TXV while othersmay be different enough from R-22 that the valve will become undersized. TXV capacity is determinedby: (1) three system conditions: evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature, liquid refrigerant temp-erature entering the TXV and the pressure drop across the TXV port, and (2) thermodynamic propertiesof the refrigerant.

It cannot be assumed that the TXV capacity will remain the same after converting a R-22 system to analternative refrigerant because in some cases the TXV capacity will be reduced when used with the alternative refrigerant. Since each refrigerant has its own pressure/temperature characteristics, someR-22 alternative refrigerants might require the use of a TXV with a R-404A thermostatic element.Regardless of whether the TXV is replaced, for maximum evaporator efficiency, the superheat should be checked and set to the equipment manufacturer’s specification.

2.00 2.18 1.91

5th Edition 2010Refrigerant Reference Guide 102

5th Edition 2010Refrigerant Reference Guide

Pressure Drop Correction Factors

Liquid Correction Factors

EvaporatorTemperature

(˚F)

Pressure Drop Across TXV (PSI)

Correction Factor, CF Pressure Drop

1.22

1.10

1.00

0.93

30 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275

40˚

20˚ & 0˚

-10˚ & -20˚

-40˚

0.55

0.49

0.45

0.41

0.71

0.63

0.58

0.53

0.87

0.77

0.71

0.65

1.00

0.89

0.82

0.76

1.12

1.00

0.91

0.85

1.32

1.18

1.08

1.00

1.41

1.26

1.15

1.07

1.50

1.34

1.22

1.13

1.58

1.41

1.29

1.20

1.66

1.48

1.35

1.25

For example: An R-22 application, operating at +20˚F is being retrofitted to R-407C. The evap-orator capacity is 24,000 Btu/hr and the evaporator has a nominal 2 ton R-22 TXV installed. The application is designed to operate at 100˚F condensing, with a 90˚F liquid temperature.

The nominal capacity of the TXV for R-407C can be calculated as follows:

» Nominal capacity at +20˚F (from Table1): 1.97 tons.

» Corrected for liquid temperature at 90˚F (from Table 2): 1.97 x 1.07 = 2.10 tons.

To determine the correct pressure drop across the TXV port, the difference between the corres-ponding pressures at the condensing temperature and evaporator pressure must be used:

» 223 psi (100˚F condenser saturation) - 37 psi (20˚F evaporator saturation ) = 186 psi.

The pressure drop through the refrigerant distributor and feeder tubes, the evaporator, and thefrictional line loss in the piping between the condenser (where the pressure value is determinedbased on the condenser saturation temperature) and the TXV inlet must also be considered when determining the actual pressure drop across the TXV port.

For this example, we will assume the above mentioned pressure drop to be 36 psi.

» The actual pressure drop across the TXV port will be: 186 psi - 36 psi = 150 psi.

» Actual TXV capacity at the design condition for this application: 2.10 tons (corrected for liquid temperature) x 1.10 (from Table 3) = 2.31 tons.

» This would represent the TXV capacity at the design condition in the summer time.

To ensure that the TXV has sufficient capacity, a similar sizing exercise must be undertaken at the low ambient condensing temperature expected in the winter months. If the system utilizesfan cycling or head pressure control valves and fixes the minimum condensing temperature at70˚F (137.5 psi), the TXV capacity will also need to be considered at this condition.

Table 3


103


Capacity Multipliers for R-22 Alternative RefrigerantsTable 4

For most applications the correction factors listed in Table 4 can be used to determine if the existing R22- TXV will have sufficient capacity when used with the retrofit refrigerant of choice.

* Apply Capacity Multiplier to the TXV’s R-22 rating to determine approximate TXV rating with the service retrofit replacement refrigerant. A total 40 psi pressure loss across the TXV from the refrigerant distributor and liquid line is assumed in the capacity multiplier caculation.

Thermodynamic data provided by NIST Refprop v8.0

Capacity and correction factors courtesy of Sporlan Division - Parker Hannifin

Refrigerants

10510570

10570

10570

95956095609560

1.001.001.001.001.001.001.00

0.750.720.820.690.770.670.74

0.740.710.830.680.770.660.74

0.720.690.830.660.770.640.74

0.720.690.830.660.770.640.74

0.880.851.000.810.920.790.88

1.041.011.200.981.110.961.06

1.071.041.221.001.130.971.07

EvaporatorTemp (˚F)

CondensingTemp (˚F) R-22

LiquidTemp (˚F)

40

20

0

-20

Capacity Multiplier*R-417A R-422B R-422D R-424A R-438A R-407A R-407C


5th Edition 2010104


3. Refrigerant Management Services

• Analytical Testing Services

• Cylinder Refurbishing Progam

• Refrigerant Recovery Containers

• Refrigerant Reclamation Program

• EZ One Shot Recovery Cylinder

• Refrigerant Banking Program

• Guidelines for Maximum Shipping Weights for Recovery Containers

105

Page106 - 110

111

112

113 - 114

115 - 116

117 - 118

119

ANALYTICAL TESTING SERVICE

Refrigerant - Testing to AHRI Standard 700 Specifications.

Refrigeration Oil - Testing oil quality as indication of system condition.

Halon Testing - Testing to Military/ASTM/ISO Specifications.

Sampling Kit Features

REFRIGERANTS NON-CONDENSABLE GAS

LUBRICANTS

•••••••

HALONS

Testing to MILITARY / ASTM / ISO Specifications

NRI SERVICES

106Refrigerant Reference Guide 5th Edition 2010

National Refrigerants, Inc. analytical testing service offers easy-to-use sample kits for:

Refrigerant Refrigerant Oil Halon Specialty Testing/ GC-MS

Easy to use, single use, new sample cylindersHigh-pressure sample cylinder rated to 400 psig suitable for most alternative refrigerants and blendsInstructions included for proper sampling proceduresAll analysis forms and necessary DOT labeling includedPre-paid return postage to NRI’s analytical laboratory for non-hazardous samplesAll analysis reports are returned with written commentary and recommendationsSame day results available upon request for additional feeSample cylinders available for very high pressure (VHP) refrigerants like R-508B and R-503

••••••••

Part # NRIHPN - High pressure refrigerant analysisPart # NRILP - Low pressure refrigerant analysisTesting liquid phase to AHRI 700 Specifications for Fluorocarbon Refrigerants for one or more of the following:

IDENTIFICATION (Infrared Spectroscopy)MOISTUREACIDITYHIGH BOILING RESIDUE/OIL CONTENTPARTICULATES/SOLIDSPURITY (Gas Chromatography)/Impurity listingCHLORIDE

•••••••

Part # NRINCN*Testing vapor phase to AHRI 700 Specifications for Fluorocarbon Refrigerants; (Requires a vapor-onlysample taken from the source vapor phase)*Not applicable to R-11, R-113, R-123

LAB CAPABILITIES

- Purity / Impurities- Water- Halogen Ion - Non-Absorbable Gas- High Boiling Residue- Suspended Matter- Acidity- Color- Free Halogen- Viscosity- FT-IR- Flash Point

Part # NRIOA (Oil Analysis)Testing of lubricant for one or more of the following:

IDENTIFICATION (Infrared Spectroscopy)MOISTURE / ACIDITYAPPEARANCEVISCOSITYMETALS / ADDITIVES by ICPRESIDUAL MINERAL OIL (as requested)FLUORIDE, CHLORIDE and CONDUCTIVITY(as requested, extra cost)

- Pack/Cap Col. GC, FID, TCD, GC-MS- KF Coulometric Titration- Ag+ Qualitative / Visual / ISE- Packed Col. GC TCD- Evaporation/Gravimetric/Volumetric- Visual Observation / Gravimetric- Aqueous Extraction / Base Titration- APHA Color Comparison- Iodimetry / S203 - Titration- Cannon-Fenske- Transmission / ATR- Closed Cup

ANALYTICAL LABORATORYANALYTICAL LABORATORY661 Kenyon AvenueRosenhayn, NJ 08352

LAB USE ONLYLAB NOTEBOOK NO:SAMPLE ID#

REQUEST FOR REFRIGERANT ANALYSIS• Complete this form and attach to the filled test cylinder. • Follow cylinder filling instructions on reverse side. • One form must be completed for each sample submitted.

At time of sampling: • System running? yes no

• Temperature of sample: ˚F

System Serial #

Type of oil in system:

Sample is:

Sample ID:

Submitted by: Date:

Company:

Address:

Job Location:

Phone # Fax#

Contact:

Email Address:

PO # UR Store #

liquid cond. vapor vapor

REFRIGERANT

R-11

R-12

R-22

R-113

R-114

R-123

R-124

R-125

R-134a

R-142b

R-401A/B

R-402A/B

R-403B

R-404A

R-407A/B/C/D

R-408A

R-409A

R-410A/B

R-416A

R-417A

R-422A/B/C/D

R-500

R-502

R-507

R-509

OTHER

SAMPLE TAKEN FROM

Vapor Phase at:

Liquid Line

Condenser

Evaporator

Compressor-Suction

Compressor-Discharge

Receiver

Recovery / Recycle Unit

Recovery Cylinder / Drum

Other

SOURCE OF SAMPLE

New factory filled cylinders

Used-Refrigerant drum or cylinder

Centrifugal refrigerant systemwith purge unit

Centrifugal refrigerant systemwithout purge unit

Reciprocating refrigerant system

Hermetic Open

Rotary System

Other:

REASON FOR ANALYSIS REQUEST

Air / Water leak suspected

Evidence of corrosion

Oil sludged or darkened

Excessive head pressure

Suspect excess oil evaporator

Compressor burn-out

Desire condition of refrigerant

Other

Evaporator temperature:

Condensing medium

Evaporator type:

DX:

Flooded:

Shell & Tube

System Size:

HP Tons

Refrigerant Charge: lbs.

Moisture - ppm

High boiling residue (oil)-%

Acidity - ppm as HC1

Identification - IR

Purity - GC

Particulates

Chloride

ANALYSIS DESIRED

Comments or special requests:

Sampling Procedures on reverse side

Ship Sample to:

APPLICATION


CYLINDER SAMPLING PROCEDURES

(Refer to Figure 1.)1. Use a heat gun, or otherwise dry the connection at the sample

source, “C”.2. Connect a vacuum gauge to the sample cylinder or otherwise

ensure that the sample cylinder is a full vacuum (-30”Hg). Tareweigh the cylinder to the nearest ounce.

3. Connect a clean, dry, flex transfer line to the refrigerant sourceat point “C”. Dry the sample cylinder at point “A”.

4. Carefully open valve “C” and purge a small amount of liquidphase through the line. Then immediately connect the line tothe sample cylinder at point “A”.

5. Open valve “B”. Then slowly open valve “C” as to fill the cylinderto about 85-90% volume capacity. Close valves “C” and “B”.NOTE: External cooling of the sample cylinder may be neces-sary to sample the refrigerant.

6. Disconnect the flex line at “A” and re-weigh the cylinder toensure sufficient sample has been taken.

7. Soap bubble check the sample cylinder valve and valve connec-tion to the cylinder for any leaks.

(Refer to Figure 2.)1. Connect as shown and then with valve “C” closed and valve “B”

opened, slowly open valve “A” until the gauge reads -30 in. Hg.2. Close valve “A”.3. Slowly open valve “C” as to bring the pressure to slightly above

1 atm. Close valve “C”.4. Open valve “A” until full vacuum is attained. Close valve “A”.5. Wait 5 minutes to ensure there are no leaks. Gauge should

hold full vacuum.6. Slowly open valve “C” and bring cylinder to either full headspace

pressure or to a maximum of 100 psig, whichever comes first.Do not exceed 100 psig. Close valve “C” and “B”.

7. Disconnect sample cylinder and soap bubble check for leaks.8. Submit for NCG analysis.

ChecklistDid you remember to:

Tightly close all valves?Weigh cylinder to make sure a sufficient sample was taken?Completely fill out the Request for Refrigerant Analysis Form

(on reverse side)?Provide your FAX number and email address so we can return your test results?

Liquid Phase

Vapor Phase

C

A B

C

A

B

Analysis Request Form on reverse side


REQUEST FOR OIL ANALYSIS• Complete this form and attach to the filled test cylinder. • Follow cylinder filling instructions on reverse side. • One form must be completed for each sample submitted.

Identification of type of oil

Residual mineral oil in POE oil

Residual mineral oil in AB oil

Compressor-Discharge

Appearance Unit

Moisture

Other (explain below

Hermetic?

REASON FOR ANALYSIS REQUEST

Comments or special requests:

Ship Sample to:

ID #

LAB USE ONLY

COMPRESSOR INFORMATION

Yes

Company:

Attn:

Address

Job Location:

Phone # Fax#

Email address:

PO # UR Store #

Sample ID:

Date sample taken:

*Compressor serial no:

Oil mfr/brand or type/grade:

Last date of oil change:

Hours operating since last oil change:

Sump Cap: Gal: Qt: L:

Oil additive present:

Compressor mfr/brand:

No

Centrifugal

Reciprocating

Other (describe)

Rotary

Screw

PLEASE CHECK TESTS REQUIRED

Acidity

Viscosity

Wear Metals

SYSTEM INFORMATION

Unit mfr/model:

Unit serial no:

Refrigerant:

No. filter/driers

Last date of filter/drier change:

Retrofit in progress:

If YES, please complete below:

Original oil type:

New oil type:

*required for historical data reporting

Yes No

ANALYTICAL LABORATORYANALYTICAL LABORATORY661 Kenyon Avenue661 Kenyon AvenueRosenhayn, NJ 08352Rosenhayn, NJ 08352

Sampling instructionson reverse side


ANALYTICAL LABORATORYANALYTICAL LABORATORY661 Kenyon Avenue661 Kenyon AvenueRosenhayn, NJ 08352Rosenhayn, NJ 08352

NATIONAL REFRIGERANTS, INC.

OIL LABORATORY

MAR

This kit contains:(1) Sample bottle(1) Identification label(1) Sample

How to use this service:

1. Collecting Samples:Oil should be taken from the unit immediately after shutdown, and/or whilerunning at operating temperature so as to obtain a representative sample. Thesample should be taken from the crankcase at the drain plug. Upon openingthe plug, drain off a small amount of oil before taking the sample as to avoidcontamination. Once drawn, allow the sample to de-gas before tightening thelid. Fill the container about 3/4 full.NOTE: Synthetic oils are hygroscopic and must be sampled without excess-ive exposure to ambient air, i.e., attach the lid securely immediately following the degassing period.

2. Identification Labels:Fill out a label completely for each compressor sampled. Print your name, job,compressor serial number and sampling date on the label.

3. Sample Request Form:Be sure to include all of the information requested (hours since oil change,hours since new/overhauled, or last major repair, oil type, etc.) Include all unit/component information.

4. Sending the Sample:Be sure the identification label is attached to the sample bottle. Be sure thesample bottle lid is securely tightened. Fold the sample request form and placeit around the other bottle inside the pre-addressed mailing box. Always usefirst class postage, air freight or overnight (FedEx, etc.) for quick service.

Return Sample to:

Oil Analysis Request Formon reverse side


Recovery Cylinder Hydrotest & Refurbish Program

HYDROSHYDROSTATICTIC TESTEST

Includes:• hydrostatic test• internal drying• test date engraved on collar/body of cylinder

Includes:

• hydrostatic test • dip tube replacement• removal of old paint • internal drying

• application of grey/yellow paint • dual port valve replacement • test date engraved on collar/body of cylinder

30 lb. & 50 lb. recovery cylinders (DOT 4BA, 4BW)125 lb. recovery cylinders (DOT 4BA, 4BW)240 lb. recovery cylinders (DOT 4BA, 4BW)

1000 lb. recovery cylinders (DOT 4BA, 4BW)2000 lb. recovery cylinders (DOT 106A, 110A)

Refrigerant recovery cylinders require a Department of Transportation (DOT) hydrostatic recertification every 5 years. This requires the cylinder to have a visual, internal and external examination and a test by interior hydrostatic pressure in a water jacket for determination of the expansion of the cylinders. NRI is a DOT approved hydrostatic test facility and offersother cylinder refurbishing services. Below are details of NRI’s cylinder refurbishing program offered to owners of recovery cylinders. Please call for a quotation for any service not listed.

Additional work may be necessary for DOT Certification. Customer will be notified before work begins if additional costs will be incurred. Please call for pricing.


The above services are generally available for all cylinders listed below

NRI SERVICES

HYDROSHYDROSTATICTIC TESTEST & REFURBISHT & REFURBISH

5th Edition 2010111

Refrigerant Recovery Containers

Pressurized Recovery Cylinders

Size30 lb.40 lb.50 lb.50 lb. HP*50 lb w/float125 lb.1000 lb.2000 lb.

Deposit**100.00100.00100.00125.00125.00200.00

1500.004500.00

EZ ONE-SHOT™ disposable cylinder is rated to 400 psi and is guaranteed to be rated to recover R410A.*50 lb. HP cylinder is also rated to 400 psi and can be used to recover R410A.

Recovery Drums for R11, R113 , R123

Size100 lb. (10 gal)200 lb. (20 gal)650 lb. (55 gal)

Size9 lb.23 lb.80 lb.

Deposit**$130.00 150.00 200.00

Guidelines

A service fee is charged when cylinders are taken for use by customer.Cylinder deposits are credited back to customer upon return of cylinder.Drums for low pressure refrigerant recovery are rated as single trip containers, therefore

they are purchased outright.National uses its own on-site DOT approved hydrostatic testing equipment. All cylinders are

shipped under vacuum. For the user’s protection, a plastic shrink wrap covers the valve.Please read Filling Procedures and Safety Recommendations to ensure proper transfer of

recovered refrigerant in to containers.National reserves the right to charge a cylinder cleaning fee for cylinders used as receivers

or returned less than 50% full.

** prices subject to change without notice

$

Drums can be purchased for one time use

5th Edition 2010Refrigerant Reference Guide

NRI SERVICES

112

Very High Pressure Recovery Cylinders


NRI SERVICES

INSTRUCTIONS FOR PARTICIPATING INNRI’S REFRIGERANT RECLAMATION

PROGRAM

RECOVERED REFRIGERANTACCEPTANCE SPECIFICATIONS

Obtain a Recovered Refrigerant tag/label and container(s) from either NRI or an authorized distributor.

Fill out a Recovered Refrigerant Tag for eachrecovery cylinder and a Recovered Refrigerant Label for each drum. Bill of Lading number mustbe written on each label/tag and the appropriatepanel on the EZ ONE-SHOT™ disposable 30 lb. recovery cylinder.

Fill the containers according to NRI FillingInstructions.

All Material must meet NRI Recovered RefrigerantAcceptance Specifications. Please see Terms and Conditions for additional information.

Ship your properly filled and tagged containersto:

National Refrigerants, Inc.661 Kenyon Avenue

Rosenhayn, NJ 08352or

an authorized NRI Distributor

Refrigerant Contaminants are acceptable with thefollowing limits:

Purity - 99% for all CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs. R11 may not exceed greater than 0.5% R123 contamination.ComponentRatios/Composition - Must be within AHRI 700 Specifica- tions for allowable composition (weight). Composition must be within ASHRAE classification for toxicity and flammability.

Oil - Not to exceed 20% by weight in R11, R113 & R123; 10% for all others.

Water - Water exceeding saturation point of refrigerant requires special processing to separate the free standing water from the refrigerant; fee will be charged for each pound of free water.

Acid - pH must be greater than 2.0 and less than 12.0; pH level between 2.0 - 5.0 requires special handling to neutralize acid in the material; fee will be based on the gross weight of material

Dyes - Not to exceed 1% by weight

1.

3.

4.

5.

2.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

113

Only fluorocarbon refrigerants from refrigeration and air conditioning systems are accepted. Halons will not be accepted. Fluorocarbons from other applications, such as solvents or cleaning agents, are NOT acceptable.

Non-Fluorocarbon refrigerants, such as ammonia,methylene chloride, propane, ethane, sulfur dioxide, etc. are NOT acceptable. Also, fluorocarbon refriger-ants contaminated with hydrocarbons in excess of 0.5% by weight (total hydrocarbons) will not beaccepted.

Only one type of refrigerant per container is accept-able. Refrigerant must be shipped in DOT-approvedrecovery containers. Refer to AHRI Guideline K. R-11R-113 and R-123 must be shipped in drums to avoidadditional handling fees.

Containers must not exceed Maximum Allowable GrossWeight as specified in NRI’s Cylinder Weight Chart. Overfilled containers will be subject to a handling fee.

FILLING PROCEDURE FOR RECOVERED REFRIGERANT

Visually inspect the container to be filled. Use vacuum pump to pull cylinder into full vacuum. For all cylinders, leak test with a vacuum gauge. Do not fill a leaking cylinder.NRI is not responsible for refrigerant recovered into a leaking cylinder.

Place the container on a scale. Note empty weight of container to determine maximum gross weight. Add the corresponding maximum refrigerant weight to the tare weight to get the maximum allowable gross shipping weight. (See guidelines for Maximum Shipping Weight.)

Connect transfer hoses to the container. Make certain hosesare leak free. If possible, change hoses when recovering different types of refrigerant to avoid contamination by unintentionally mixing refrigerants.

Open container outlets and begin the transfer process fol-lowing manufacturer’s instructions for the recovery unit.DO NOT LEAVE THE CONTAINER UNATTENDED.Do not fill more than 80% by volume. It is illegal to transport an overfilled cylinder.

1.

2.

3.

4.


When the scale reaches the gross weight limit-stop the transfer process. Tightly close all valves and other outlets. Disconnect the transfer hose. AVOID CONTACT WITH LIQUID REFRIGERANT/OIL MIXTURES. Immediately replace all valve outlet caps and other container closures. NRI does not recommend using a recovered refrigerant cylinder as a temporary storage container.

Weigh the container. Always use a scale. DO NOT OVERFILL. Write the weight on all appropriateforms and on the container tag or label.

Completely fill out the container tag or label. Be sure the tag or label indicates the correct refrigerant in the container. It is illegal to transport a container without identifying the contents (including empty cylinders).

There will be cylinder cleaning charge for all cylinders returned less than 50% full. Check off the “For Cleaning Only” box on the hangtag. R11, R113 & R123 must be shipped in drums to avoid additionalhandling fees.

NRI recommends the use of the EZ ONE-SHOT™ disposable recovery cylinder when the recovered refrigerant will be returned to a system withoutprocessing.

SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS

Only fill cylinders that are currently DOT approved for fluorocarbon refrigerants. Always inspect the cylinder for proper pressure rating and latest hydrostatic test date. Thoroughly check each cylinder and drum for dents, gouges, bulges, cuts or other imperfections,which may render it unsafe to hold refrigerant.

It is highly recommended to read the Air Conditioning, Heating & Refrigeration Institute “Guideline K -- Guideline for Containers for Recovered Fluorocarbon Refrigerants."

Be sure all connections are made tight before transferring refrigerant into containers. Be sure all closures are made tight on the container immediately after filling. Be sure to replace valve outlet caps on cylinders.

Caution: Liquid refrigerant can cause frostbite if skin contact occurs. Be aware that the refrigerant/oil being removed from a system may contain contaminants, which may be harmful to breathe. Avoid contact with skin. Always provide fresh air when working in enclosed areas. Avoid breathing vapors. Always wear safety glasses and gloves (cold resistant for pressurized refrigerants and rubber-type for R11, R113 & R123). Avoid contact with clothing.

Refrigerant must be shipped in DOT approved contain-ers. Any shipments not meeting this specification will berefused. Containers must be properly skidded and bandedfor shipment. Drums must not have any rust, dents, bulgesor leaks. Open-top drums are not acceptable. NRI will not be liable for any claims, damages, lawsuits, judgements or liablities caused by or resulting from the fault or negligenceof the shipper.

NRI reserves the right to charge cylinder refurbishingfees for any NRI owned cylinder that is returned damagedor defaced. A cleaning fee may be charged for eachcontainer that is returned with less than 50% of themaximum fill weight of recovered refrigerant. Handlingfees may be charged for recovered refrigerant that re-quires special handling by NRI.

RECOVERED REFRIGERANT HANDLING FEES

Customers returning recovery cylinders containing recov-ered refrigerant will be charged a handling fee accordingto the current price schedules.

Free standing waterWater exceeding saturation point of refrigerant; requiresspecial processing to separate the water from the refrig-erant; waste must be sent to waste water processingfacility for purification.

Excessive oil contentRefrigerant oil (mineral or synthetic) that exceeds ARI Acceptance Specification (10% for high pressure; 30% for low pressure): fee will be charged for each pound of oil exceeding Acceptance Specifications.

High acid contentAcid present in the refrigerant at such a concentration that the pH level of the material is between 2.0 and 5.0 (a pH level below 2.0 would classify the material as haz-ardous waste according the 40CFR); such material must be handled as a priority in order to effectively neutralize the acid in the material

Over-filled containerCylinders and drums exceeding the maximum Gross Weight as specified in NRI’s Cylinder Weight Chart that require special handling; these containers must be handled as a priority as soon as they are received to prevent injury to NRI or other persons and to prevent the release of the material in the container to the atmosphere.

NRI SERVICES

1.

1.

2.

2.

2.

3.

3.

3.

4.

4.

5.

5.

6.

7.

8.

114

9.

All used refrigerants must meet “Recovered RefrigerantAcceptance Specifications”. NRI will accept title to ship-ment only after it has been verified through analysis, inNRI’s laboratory, that these standards have been met.Off specification material may, at NRI’s option, be re-turned to the customer freight-collect or disposed of in amanner agreeable to both NRI and the customer atcustomer’s sole expense.

1.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

™

• Temporary storage receiver (where policy demands clean cylinder for each job)• Single recovery job where gas will need to

be returned or stored- One 20 to 30 lb. recovery job- Several smaller jobs at the same site- Burned gas: avoid contamination of your

everyday recovery cylinder- Infrequent jobs or products not regularly

recovered: won’t tie up a standard cylinder- Dedicated shop machines- Download everyday cylinder to return refrig-

erant

cylinders are equipped with

Back Flow Prevention Valves

EZ ONE-SHOT™back flow prevention devices inside the valves.THE CYLINDERS ARE SHIPPED WITH THEVALVES OPEN.• Cylinders must be evacuated before use, but afterhoses are connected.• Once the cylinder valve is closed for the firsttime, the back flow prevention device seats in thevalve. No more refrigerant can be added to thecylinder through that valve.• Be sure that all recovery operations are completebefore closing both valves to the cylinder.

EZ ONE-SHOT™ cylinders use DOT-39 disposable cylinder technology to provide an inexpensive, lightweight cylinder for use in one-time fill recovery situations

™

One-time fill means that once refrigerant has been putinto the cylinder and then removed, the cylinder mayno longer be used for further recovery operations. Itmust be scrapped or disposed of properly. Recoveringrefrigerant with an EZ ONE-SHOT™ recovery cylinderis considered the first filling operation. Recovery fromseveral units, one after the other, until the cylinder isfull represents one filling operation (for example, adedicated shop machine).

One-Time Fill

App

ed in theEZ ONE-SHOT™ recovery cylinders are subject to the same regulations as the “disposable” refrigerant cylinders that refrigerant issupplied in. Federal law forbids transportation if REFILLED. Federal law also requires that cylinders be filled and transportbox provided. Penalty up to $500,000 fine and 5 years imprisonment (49 U.S.C. 5124).

EZ One-Shot™ Recovery Cylinder

pppp

NRI SERVICES

Applications for the EZ ONE-SHOT™


Figure 1: Evacuate Cylinder• If performing liquid recovery, arrange hoses as in-

dicated in Fig. 2.• If performing vapor recovery, arrange hoses as

indicated in Fig. 3.• Evacuate cylinder with vacuum pump through a

gauge set placed in the vapor line, or through anaccess port on the recovery machine, if available.

Do not close cylinder valves.

Figure 2: Liquid RecoveryRecovery machine draws vapor from the cylinder anduses this vapor to push liquid out of the system backinto the cylinder.• Vapor valve is at top of cylinder• Liquid valve is at bottomIf also performing vapor recovery:• Close liquid valve when the sight glass clears,

BEFORE turning off the recovery machine.• Use gauge set on vapor line to transfer hoses on

recovery machine to configuration in Fig. 3.

Figure 3: Vapor RecoveryVapor recovery operations are performed normally,with access to the cylinder only through the vaporvalve. Close bottom valve on cylinder.

Complete all recovery operations, including purgingprocedures for the recovery unit, before closing thevapor valve.Once cylinder valves are closed no more refriger-ant can be added to the cylinder.

Procedures for Using EZ ONE-SHOT Recovery Cylinder

Maximum Shipping Weight of Recovered Refrigerant in EZ ONE-SHOT Recovery Cylinder

Refrigerant Max Shipping Wt./lbs. Refrigerant Max Shipping Wt./lbs.

53C/B/A704-R9321-R33A804-R6322-R73A904-R34411-R33A014-R63a431-R63005-R63B/A104-R63205-R43B/A204-R13705-R13A404-R

The information contained herein is based on technical data which we believe to be reliable and is intended for use by persons having technical skill,at their own discretion and risk. National Refrigerants, Inc. makes no warranties, either expressed or implied, regarding the merchantability or fitnessof this product and assumes no liability for consequential damages resulting from the use or misuse of this product.

NRI SERVICES


What is Refrigerant Banking?

This program, designed by NRI, is aimed at helping companies guarantee their future refrigerant needs. Recent changes in the refrigerant industry have caused refrigerant supply and pricing to rapidly change. Now is the time to begin managing your existing inventories. NRI is an EPA and AHRI certified reclamation facility with a world-class Analytical Laboratory that will ensure that all refrigerant returned to you

meets or exceeds AHRI 700 Specifications.

Now is the time to take advantage of this program!

It’s your refrigerant, your investment - don’t waste it!NRI will clean and store your recovered refrigerant for you at TODAY’S price.You will have access to your refrigerant when you need it without paying TOMORROW’S price.Don’t sell or give away your valuable asset -- BANK it for YOURSELF!

Program Highlights

An initial deposit of 1,000 pounds of recovered refrigerant is required to open an account.

Refrigerant must meet NRI’s Recovered Refrigerant Acceptance Specifications.Customer is invoiced for the total weight of refrigerant that can be recertified

and restored to AHRI 700 Specifications. Storage fees are charged on a monthly basis.

Withdrawals can be made 30 days after the initial deposit. A faxed, written or E-mail request is all that is needed for the refrigerant to be made available. All withdrawal requests are processed immediately.

Refrigerant withdrawals are available at over 275 locations around the United States.Monthly activity statements, including all deposits and withdrawals, are sent along with

your monthly storage invoice.

All rates, terms and prices are subject to change. Prices do not include sales tax, if any. NRI reserves the right to alter its program upon 30 days notice.1/2010


NRI SERVICES


All rates, terms and prices are subject to change. Prices do not include sales tax, if any. NRI reserves the right to alter its program upon 30 days notice.

REFRIGERANT BANKING PROGRAMInitial Deposit

An initial deposit of 1000 pounds of refrigerant is required to open an account. This can be comprised of different types of refrigerant. Refrigerant must meet NRI’s Recovered Refrigerant Acceptance Specifications.

Future DepositAfter the initial deposit of a minimum of 1000 pounds, subsequent deposits are accepted for a minimum of 500 pounds per deposit.Deposits of low pressure refrigerants are accepted in 100 pound drums and larger.Deposits of high pressure refrigerants are accepted in 125 pound cylinders and larger.CYLINDERS LESS THAN 125 LBS. ARE NOT ELIGIBLE FOR BANKING.

Minimum Balance

ChargesNRI will invoice you for the cleaning repurification of the total weight of verified refrigerant that can be recertified and restored to AHRI 700 Specifications plus any contaminant/disposal fees. A nominal charge for disposable 30 lb. and 50lb. cylinders is charged at time of withdrawal.Please call for current pricing.

Handling Fees/Disposal Charges

Disposal charges for contaminants above accepted levels will be determined on a case-by-case basis.

Storage

The net reclaimed refrigerant is placed in bulk storage. A storage fee is billed on a monthly basis. Withdrawal

Reports

A banking report and invoice will be issued to the customer monthly.

NRI Purchase

If, at a later date, the customer does not require the banked refrigerant, NRI may purchase same at a mutually agreed upon price.

If during the course of any month, customer account balance falls below a total of 1000 pounds, NRI may purchase the balance of refrigerants as outlined below.

A faxed or written authorization is required for withdrawal of refrigerant from the bank. Upon receipt of the withdrawal authorization at NRI, product will be made available as soon as reasonably possible for pick up or shipment. Customer will be responsible for freight on all shipments.

NRI SERVICES

118

• Oil Disposal greater than 20% (low pressure)• Oil Disposal greater than 10% (high pressure)• Free Standing Water

• High Acid Content• Mixed Refrigerant• Over-filled container

Cylinder Size 30 lb.

26.2 lbs.

One Shot30 lb.

29.7 lbs.

40 lb.

38.1 lbs.

50 lb.*

47.7 lbs.

125 lb.

123 lbs.

1/2 ton

1000 lbs.

ton

1600 lbs.Water Capacity

Maximum Refrigerant Weight AllowedR-12

R-22

R-500

R-502

R-114

R-134a

R-401B

R-402A

R-402B

R-403B

R-404A

R-407A

R-407C

R-408A

R-409A

R-410A

R-416A

R-417A

R-422A

R-422B

R-422C

R-422D

R-507

24

22

21

22

28

22

22

21

21

19

18

21

21

19

23

19

25

20

18

21

20

20

18

28

25

25

25

32

25

25

24

24

22

20

24

23

22

26

22

29

22

21

24

23

23

20

36

32

31

32

41

32

32

31

30

28

26

31

30

28

34

28

37

29

27

30

29

30

26

45

40

39

40

51

41

40

39

38

35

33

39

38

35

42

35

46

36

34

38

36

37

33

117

103

102

103

133

106

103

99

97

91

85

99

97

90

109

89

120

94

88

98

93

96

85

952

839

836

842

1088

864

857

809

792

736

688

808

790

735

888

726

979

770

723

793

758

777

688

Guidelines for Maximum Shipping Weights for Recovered Refrigerant Containers

1523

1342

1337

1347

1740

1382

1334

1294

1267

1177

1100

1292

1264

1176

1420

1162

1566

1231

1157

1268

1213

1243

1100

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

***

**

**

**

**

**

**

*

****

*

*

***

***

***

***

***

Minimum cylinder service pressure required (psig) for each different refrigerant is indicated above by* 260 psig = * 300 psig = ** 350 psig = *** 400 psig = ****

Always use a scale when filling any cylinder. DO NOT OVERFILL

IMPORTANT: The tare weights listed in this guideline are only average weights. In order to determine actual gross shipping weight, the tare weight of each individual cylinder must be used.

Low PressureContainers

DrumSize

Max AllowableRefrigerant Wt

Average DrumTare Wt

Max GrossShipping Wt

R11, R113, R123

100 lbs200 lbs650 lbs


10 lbs20 lbs65 lbs


R13

R23

R503

R508B

R13B1

Very High Pressure

Cylinders

Ref Wt / Ship Wt

14 34

11 31

12 32

12 32

17 37

RC9

avg tw 20

RC23

avg tw 30

RC80

avg tw 140

Ref Wt / Ship Wt

19 49

15 45

16 46

17 47

12 52

Ref Wt / Ship Wt

74 211

58 198

64 206

65 205

89 229

Recovered Refrigerant Weight + Tare Weight of Cylinder = Maximum Gross Shipping Weight

(rev 4/2010)


NRI SERVICES

*includes 50F and 50HP

Refrigerant Reference Guide 5th Edition 20105th Edition 2010120


4. Additional Technical Literature

• Glossary of Terms

• Lubricant Cross Reference

• Lubricants

• Coil Cleaners and Chemicals

• Propylene Glycol

121

Page

122 - 125

126 - 127

128 - 131

132 - 134

135


Alkylbenzene Oil - A synthetic refrigeration oil similar to mineral oil; it offers better lowtemperature mixing with HCFCs.

Appliance - Any device that contains and usesa Class I or Class II substance as a refrigerant and is used for household or commercial purposes, including any air conditioner, refrigerator, chiller or freezer.

Azeotrope - A mixture of two or more refrigerants that acts as a single fluid. The components of azeotropic mixtures will not separate under normal operating conditions.

Blend - A mixture of two or more refrigerantcomponents.

Brazed - Joined by fusion using very high heat; equivalent of hard soldering.

Capacity - The measure of heat energy removed by a system per hour. The capacity is very dependent on running and ambient conditions and it is typically quoted for a compressor or system at some standard rating condition.

Centrifugal Air Conditioning - Compressor technology used in larger air conditioning chillers, based on a rotating impeller to “spin”refrigerant to a higher pressure/temperature.

CFC - Chloro-Fluoro-Carbon; a refrigerant comprised of carbon atoms connected to only chlorine and fluorine atoms. The common CFCs are R-11, R-12, R-13, R-113, R-114 and R-115.

Class I - Chemicals listed in the Clean Air Acthaving an ozone depletion potential of 0.2 orhigher. These include CFCs, halons, carbontetrachloride, methyl chloroform, and brominecompounds.

Class II - Chemicals listed in the Clean Air Acthaving an ozone depletion potential of less than 0.2. All of the HCFCs are considered Class II.

Commercial Refrigeration - The refrigerationappliances used in the retail food and cold storage warehouse sectors. Retail food includes the refrigeration equipment found in supermarkets, convenience stores, restaurants and other food service establishments. Cold storage includes the equipment used to store meat, produce, dairy, and other perishable goods, usually in very large facilities.

Direct Expansion - A system design that meters refrigerant into the evaporator with the intention that it will all boil to vapor by the time it reaches the end. Orifice plates, capillary tubes, automatic expansion valves, and TXVs are all expansion devices that provide for direct expansion of refrigerant in the evaporator.

Disposal - The process leading to and including (1) the discharge, deposit, dumping or placing of any discarded appliance into or on any land or water, (2) the disassembly of any appliance for discharge, deposit, dumping or placing of its discarded component parts into or on any land or water, or (3) the dis-assembly of any appliance for reuse of its component parts.

Efficiency - Ratio of the work output to the energy input.

Elastomer - Material which can be stretched or squeezed and, immediately on release of the stress, returns to its approximate dimensions.

Glossary of Terms


Equilibrium - Liquid and Vapor phases of refrigerant existing in contact with each other at a saturated pressure/temperature condition. For blends, the composition of the vapor will contain more of the higher pressure components.

Flooded Evaporator Systems - A system design that allows the refrigerant to boil in apool in the evaporator, which cools the water, glycol, or product that is circulating through tubing or panels in the boiling pool, and onlythe vapor that is boiled goes back to the compressor.

Fractionation - Change in composition of a blend by preferential evaporation of the more volatile component(s) or condensation of the less volatile component(s).

Global Warming or “Greenhouse Effect”-Occurs when carbon dioxide and other gases,including refrigerants, build up in the atmo-sphere. These gases allow sunlight to pass through to the earth; however, the gases trap heat energy from the earth and the planet’saverage temperature is raised.

Global Warming Potential or GWP -A relative measure of how effective a chemical is at retaining heat in the atmosphere. The value shows the effect of an equivalent number of kilograms of CO2 on global warming.

HC - Hydrocarbon refrigerants, used primarily as additives in blends. They will help promotecirculation of mineral oil when the blend components will not accomplish this alone.

HCFC - Hydro-Chloro-Fluoro-Carbon; a refrigerant comprised of carbon atoms connected to chlorine, fluorine, and hydrogen

HCFC (continued)atoms. The common HCFCs are R-22, R-123, R-124, R-142b.

HFC - Hydro-Fluoro-Carbon; a refrigerant comprised of carbon atoms connected to fluorine and hydrogen only. The common HFCs are R-134a, R-125, R-143a, R-152a, R-32 and R-23.

High Ambient Air Conditioning - An airconditioning application where the surround-ing air temperatures are higher than normal, which requires a slightly lower refrigerant pressure and very large condensing surface in order to work correctly. (Example: crane control room in a steel mill.)

High Pressure Appliance - An appliance that uses a refrigerant with a boiling point between -50˚C (-55˚F) and 10˚C (40˚F) at atmospheric pressure. This definition includes, but is not limited to, appliances that use R-12, R-22, R-114, R-500 or R-502.

High Temperature Refrigeration - Refrigeration applications where the evap-orator temperature normally runs higher than 30˚F.

Household Appliance - The standard refrigerator/freezer found in most kitchens, as well as small freezer appliances sold to homeowners.

Hygroscopic- A tendency for refrigeration oils to absorb moisture from the atmosphere.

Industrial Process Refrigeration - Complex,customized appliances used in the chemical,pharmaceutical, petrochemical and manufact-uring industries. This sector also includes industrial ice machines and ice rinks.

Glossary of Terms


Low-Loss Fitting - Any device that is intendedto establish a connection between hoses, appliances, or recovery or recycling machines,which is designed to close automatically orwill be closed manually when disconnected,thereby minimizing the release of refrigerantfrom hoses, appliances, and recovery / recyclingmachines.

Low-Pressure Appliance - An appliance that uses a refrigerant with a boiling point above 10˚C (40˚F) at atmospheric pressure. This definition includes, but is not limited to, equipment utilizing R-11, R-113, and R-123.

Low Temperature Refrigeration - Refrigera-tion applications that normally run evaporator temperatures between -40˚F and 0˚F.

Medium Temperature Refrigeration - Refrigeration applications that normally run evaporator temperatures between 0˚F and 40˚F.

Mineral Oil - Traditional refrigeration oil, refined from petroleum products. Generally not compatible with new HFC refrigerants.

Miscibility - Ability of a gas or liquid to dissolve uniformly (mix) in another gas or liquid.

Motor Vehicle Air Conditioner (MVAC) - Anyappliance that is contained in a motor vehicle and is used to cool the driver's or passenger’s compartment. MVAC is regulated under the Clean Air Act Section 609.

MVAC-Like Appliance - Air conditioning equipment used to cool the driver’s or passenger’s compartment of a non-road vehicle. The system is similar in construction to MVAC equipment; however R-22 equipment is excluded from this definition.

Oil Flushing - The process of changing from one type of lubricant (typically mineral oil or alkylbenzene) to another type (typically POE), which involves the removal of an oil charge and replacement with the new oil type. Successive oil changes will quickly lower the concentration of the original oil type.

Opening an Appliance - Any service, maintenance, or repair on an appliance that could be reasonably expected to release refrigerant from the appliance to the atmosphere unless the refrigerant was previously recovered from the appliance.

Ozone Depletion - The interruption by freechlorine radicals of the normal ozone creation/breakdown process which occurs in the upperatmosphere. The free chlorine causes ozonemolecules to come apart, then ties up the freeoxygen used to make for ozone. The result is anet decrease in the ozone concentration.

Poly-Alkylene-Glycol (PAG) Oil - A general term that applies to a family of synthetic oils based on polyalkylene glycols chemistry. PAGs are used primarily with HFC refrigerants in the automotive air conditioning industry.

Process Stub - A length of tubing that providesaccess to the refrigerant inside an appliance andthat can be resealed at the conclusion of repairor service.

Propylene Glycol - A type of heat transfer fluidused in secondary loop chillers. Because of the low toxicity of propylene glycol, this product isoften used when failure of the cooling pipingmight allow contact of the glycol with food products.

Pump-Down (Out) - The withdrawal of all refrigerant from the low side of a system by pumping it into either the condenser or the liquid receiver.

Glossary of Terms


Reclaim - To reprocess refrigerant to at least the purity specified in the AHRI Standard 700,Specifications for Fluorocarbon Refrigerants, and to verify this purity using the specifiedanalytical methods.

Recovery - To remove refrigerant from a system, regardless of condition, and store it in an external container without necessarily testing or processing the refrigerant in any way.

Recovery Efficiency -The percentage of refrigerant recovered compared to the total amount in the appliance.

Recycle - To extract refrigerant from an appliance to attempt to clean water, oil,acidity and particulates from it. These procedures may not necessarily return the refrigerant to AHRI 700 purity. The refrigerant may be returned to the same system after recycling.

Repair - Fix what is wrong with a broken system without changing the type of refrigerant.

Replace - Install a new piece of equipment in the same application instead of repair or retrofit.

Retrofit - The replacement of the original refrigerant in a system with a different refrig-erant, which may involve changing valves, oil, other components, or adjusting controls in some manner.

Self-Contained Recovery Equipment -Recovery equipment that is capable of removing refrigerant from an appliance without the assistance of components within the appliance.

Small Appliances - Any self-contained, hermetic appliance that contains 5 pounds or less of refrigerant.

System-Dependent Recovery Equipment - Recovery equipment that requires the assistance of components contained in an appliance to remove the refrigerant.

Temperature Glide - the change in temp-erature from when a blend first starts boilingin an evaporator to when it reaches saturatedvapor at the end of the evaporator.

TXV (or TEV) - Thermal Expansion Valve, which is used to meter the flow of refrigerantfrom the liquid line into the evaporator andprovide the correct pressure drop.

Very Low Temperature or Ultra LowTemperature Refrigeration - Refrigerationapplications that normally run evaporator temperatures below -60˚F. These applications will often use a cascade or 2 stage refrigerationsystem.

Weight Percent - The relative amount of eachcomponent in a refrigerant blend on a mass basis (the pounds of each component relativeto the total pounds in the blend).

Zeotrope - A blend that behaves normally asa mixture of refrigerants. The properties area combination of the individual componentproperties, and the vapor composition isdifferent from the liquid, which promotesfractionation and temperature glide effects.(see Section 2)

Glossary of Terms


Lubricants Cross Reference

126

York A

York C

York D

York E

York F

York G

York H

York J

York K

York L

York O

York P

York S

Trane 15

Trane 22

Trane 31

Trane 32

Trane 37

Trane 42

Trane 43

Trane 45

Trane 48

Trane 78

Maneurop 160 SZ

McQuay CE050, 063, 079, 087

McQuay CE100, 126

McQuay SLIC

Mineral Oil/Capella

Mineral Oil

Mineral Oil

Mineral Oil

Mineral Oil

Polyolester

Polyolester

Polyolester

Polyolester

Polyolester

Polyolester

Polyolester

Polyolester

Pale Mineral Oil

White Mineral Oil

Pale Oil w/ Silicone

Pale Mineral Oil

Polyolester

Pale Oil w/ Phosphate

Pale Mineral Oil

Pale Mineral OIl

Polyolester

Polyolester

Polyolester

300 SUS/68 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

150 SUS/32 ISO

500 SUS/100 ISO

150 SUS/32 IS0

320 ISO (very heavy)

300 SUS/68 ISO

200 SUS/46 ISO

150 SUS/32 ISO

120 SUS (very heavy)

150 SUS/32 ISO

750 SUS/150 ISO

500 SUS/100 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

150 SUS/32 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

150 SUS/32 ISO

150 SUS/32 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

150 SUS/32ISO

150 SUS/32 ISO

Mobil EAL Arctic 22, Emkarate RL22N

Mobil EAL Arctic 32, Emkarate Rl32H

National PE 32

PlanetElf AWF 68, Emkarate RL68HP

National WF 68

National 300

National 150

National 500

National 150

CP 4214-320

National PE 68

Solest 46

National PE 32

Solest 120

National PE 32

CP 4214-150

Solest 100

National 300

National 300

National 150

National PE 68

National 150

National 300

National PE 68

National PE 32

National PE 32

National LubricantsProduct NameViscosityLubricant TypeOEM PART #

McQuay Polyolester Specifications Equivalent Lubricant


Lubricants Cross Reference

127

Mineral Oil

NL 150

NL 300

NL 500

NL WF 32

NL WF 68

NL AKB 150

NL AKB 200R

NL AKB 300

NL PE 32

NL PE 68

1501G

3001G

5001G

WF 32

1 TD

150AKB1G

200AKB1G

300AKB1G

PE321G

PE681G

150 SUS/32 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

500 SUS/100 ISO

150 SUS/32 IS0

300 SUS/68 ISO

150 SUS/32 ISO

200 SUS/46 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

150 SUS/32 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

Calumet C3, Suniso 3GS

Calumet C4, Sunios 4GS

Calumet C5, Suniso 5GS

Texaco WF 32

Texaco WF 68

Zerol 150, Soltex 150

Zerol 200TD

Zerol 300, Soltex 300

Ultra 32-3MAF, Castrol SW32

Emkarate 68H, Castrol SW68

National LubricantsProduct Name Equivalent Part # OEM Part #

York D, F - Trane 32, 43

York C - Trane 15, 45

York E

York K, O

York H - Trane 48

Equivalent Lubricant

C3

C4

C5

Zerol 150

Zerol 200TD

Zerol 300

Emkarate RL32H

Emkarate RL68H

Part #

430307

430407

460507

431007

430807

431107

431446

431646

150 SUS/32 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

500 SUS/100 ISO

150 SUS/32 IS0

200 SUS/46 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

150 SUS/32 ISO

300 SUS/68 ISO

National 150 (1501G)

National 300 (3001g)

National 500 (5001G)

National AKB 150 (150AKB1G)

National AKB 200R (200AKB1G)

National AKB 300 (300AKB1G)

National PE 32 (PE321G)

National PE 68 (PE681G)

NuCalgon Product Name

Part # Viscosity

Viscosity

Polyolester Lubricants

Alkylbenzene Lubricants

for the HVAC/R Industry

PropertyTYPICAL PROPERTIES

Test Method 500Viscosity, SUS @ 100°FFlash Point, °FPour Point, °FFloc Point, °FColor GardnerSpecific Gravity

ASTM D445ASTM D92ASTM D97ASHRAE 86

ASTM D1500ASTM D1250

155350-50 -72

<0.5 0.904

300325400-30-56<0.50.910

510405-15-51<0.5

0.916

are

Mineral Oils perform well over a wide temp-erature range. They have very good chemicalstability and provide very good protection and lubrication at higher compressor temperatures.In addition, they have low wax content and have chemical characteristics that promote a low pourpoint and good oil return to the compressor at low evaporator temperatures. Naphthenic Mineral Oilsdo a very good job of preventing system depositscompared to paraffinic (white) mineral oils.

150

Available Sizes & Part Numbers

1 Gallon

55 Gallon

5 Gallon

1501G3001G5001G

1505G3005G5005G

15055G30055G50055G

MINERAL OILNaphthenic Mineral Oils (pale oils)

the traditional choice for lubrication in air cond-itioning and refrigeration compressors. They are used primarily in systems designed for CFCs (R-12, R-502) and HCFCs (R-22, retrofit blends).

Mineral Oils are made from the highest quality base stocks and provide outstanding performance and protection in compressors. Available in 150 SUS, 300 SUS and 500 SUS viscosities, these products can be used in most reciprocating, scroll,screw and many centrifugal compressors on themarket today.


LUBRICANTS

quality Lubricant Products

for the HVAC/R Industry

Alkylbenzenes are made from the highest quality synthetic base stocks and provide outstanding performance and protection in compressors. These synthetic lubricants do not contain wax and can survive longer than mineral oils at high compressor discharge temperatures. Alkylbenzenes typically run cleaner in systems than mineral based oils. Available in 150 SUS, 200 SUS and 300 SUS viscosities, these products can beused in most reciprocating, rotary vane, and scroll compressors on the market today.

Alkylbenzene (AKB) synthetic refrigerationlubricants provide outstanding performance for extend-ed drain intervals and better thermal stability compared to traditional mineral oil. They can be used in systems designed for CFCs (R-12, R-502) and HCFCs (R-22, retrofit blends).

Alkylbenzenes are particularly well suitedfor use in retrofit projects. In some cases, equipment manufacturers suggest the replacement of some mineral oil with alkylbenzene when using HCFC-based retrofit blends. During HFC retrofit projects, using alkylbenzene for initial oil flushing helps remove mineral oil and con-taminants in preparation for a final POE flush, thus saving money on POE.

AKB 200R meets the strict retrofit recommend-ations imposed by some equipment manufacturers, such as Copeland.

ALKYLBENZENE

205<1365-49

1.4857

TYPICAL PROPERTIESProperty Test Method AKB150 AKB200R

ASTM D445ASTM D1500ASTM D92ASTM D97

150 1 347-49

1.4864

Viscosity, SUS @ 100°FColor GardnerFlash Point, °FPour Point, °FRefractive Index

AKB300 280 1 365 -491.4841

Available Sizes & Part Numbers1 Gallon


55 Gallon

5 Gallon




LUBRICANTS

for the HVAC/ Industry

Polyolester (POE) synthetic refrigeration lubricant is recommended for use with all new HFC refrigerants such as R-404A and R-410A. It is also compatible with HCFC refrigerants and can be used with confidence in systems containing R-22 or HCFCbased blends

POEs are made from the highest quality base stocks and provide outstanding performance in a wide variety of air conditioning and refrigeration compressors. Available in 32 cSt and 68 cSt viscosities,these products can be used in most reciprocating, scroll, screw and many centrifugal compressors on the market today.

POEs perform well over a wide temperature range. They provide maximum protection and lubrication at higher compressor temperatures. In addition, good refrigerant miscibility at low evaporator temperatures will help promote oil return to the compressor.

POLYOLESTER

Property Test Method PE32 PE68Viscosity, cSt @ 104°FViscosity, cSt @ 212°FFlash Point, °FPour Point, °FTotal acid number, mgKOH/gMiscibility Temp, °FDensity, g/ml @ 68°F

ASTM D445ASTM D445ASTM D92ASTM D97

ASTM D664

ASTM D1298

325.8

496.5 -51

<0.02 -44

0.977

689.3518

-38.2<0.02-15

0.980

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

POEs are based on the most current industry-standard formulations. These lubricants contain no extra antiwear additives that can leave deposits. They are compatible with existing mineral oil and alkylbenzene lubricants, making them excellent for retrofitting older systems to HFC refrigerants.

Available Sizes and Part Numbers1 Pint

1 Gallon

1 Quart

LUBRICANTS


--

5 Gallon

PE321PPE681P

PE321QPE681Q

PE321GPE681G

PE685G

®Solest products are high quality polyolester synthetic lubricants designed for use withair conditioning and industrial refrigeration compressors. These new products extend the viscosity range of synthetic lubricants available from NRI. The Solest® lubricants are excellent choices for initial fill, service, and retrofit applications.

Solest Lubricants are available in

the following sizes

®

specifically designed for very low temperature applications; provides good miscibilitywith R-404A, eliminating the need to use two lubricants in a cascade system

used in centrifugal, reciprocating, and rotary vane compressors

can be used in a wide variety of compressor units

used primarily in scroll and screw compressors

provides good oil return in screw applications

these two lubricants are used mainly in Bitzer and Carlyle screw compressors

mostly used in large srew type applications with R-134a

a complex ester lubricant that cannot be used with HFC refrigerants; provides goodoil return in R-22 screw type applications

used in screw type applications with HFC refrigerants

alkylbenzene based lubricant; provides good miscibility with HCFC refrigerants andhas the higher viscosity needed to work well with screw compressors

Solest LT 32

Solest 46

Solest 68

Solest 100

Solest 120

Solest 150 &Solest 170

Solest 220

CP-4214-320

Solest 370

Alkylbenzene500E

Product LineProduct Line

Quality Solest ™ Lubricant Products

Equivalent toProduct Viscosity OEM Part No.

Solest LT 32Solest 46Solest 68Solest 100Solest 120

Solest 170Solest 220

CP-4214-320Solest 370AKB 500 E

32 ISO/150 SUS46 ISO/200 SUS68 ISO/300 SUS

100 ISO/500 SUS120 ISO/600 SUS

170 ISO/800 SUS220 ISO/1000 SUS320 ISO/1500 SUS370 ISO/1700 SUS100 ISO/500 SUS

York KYork J

York H - Trane 37 - Frick 13York SYork L

York PCastrol SW220

York G

BVA 100E

1 gallon

5 gallon

55 gallon

Solest 150 150 ISO/700 SUS York P

Solest® is a registered trademark of CPI Engineering Services Inc.

LUBRICANTS


Available in 1 gallon, 2 1/2 gallon, and 55 gallon containers

AlkaKleen KleenFoam MultiKleen KleenBrite KleenCoil

Best to Use On Outdoor Outdoor Outdoor Outdoor Indoor

Condenser Coils x x x x

Evaporator Coils x

Air Filters x x x

Best to Remove

Oil and Grease x x x x

Cooking Grease x x x

Mineral Deposits, Salt and Scale x

Corrosion and Oxides x x x x

Dirt and Grime x x x x x

Dust and Lint x x x x x

Bugs x x x x

Grass and Cottonwood x x x x

Tobacco Stains x x x x

Major Features

Foaming x x x

Brightening x x x x

Non-Rinsing x

AlkaKleen• Strongest non-acid cleaner and brightener• Removes grease, smoke, and insects

KleenFoam• Extra heavy foam• Removes stubborn deposits• Outdoor non-acid cleaner

MultiKleen• Multi-purpose alkaline cleaner• For use on filters, electronic air filters, fan

blades, and metal cabinets

KleenBrite• Acid based Cleaner• Fast acting formula makes fins look

like new

KleenCoil• Non-acid indoor evaporator cleaner• Self rinsing

Part No. AN1GN, AN2GN

Part No. KF1GN, KF2GN

Part No. MK1GN, MK2GN

Part No. KN1GN, KN2GN

Part No. KB1GN, KB2GN

Coil Cleaners


NATIONAL CHEMICALS & COIL CLEANERS


National ProductName Nu-Calgon Virginia KMP

RectorsealStewart Hall

SpecialtyChemical Vapco

Co

il C

lean

ers

De

gre

ase

rs, C

lea

ne

rsa

nd

Sca

le R

em

ov

ers

Alka Kleen

Kleen Brite (Acid)

Kleen Foam

Multi Kleen

Alka BriteNu Brite

Cal Brite

Foam Brite

HD Cal Clean, TriPowr

Alki Foam

Acti Brite

Foam Max

ProKlean MPC

Renewz

Con Coil

Renewz

-

Free Foam

Coil Kleen

Foam Power

Triple “D”

Plus

Blu Brite

Foaminator

-

Evap Kleen(Aerosol)

Evap Foam(Aerosol)

Coil Klean(Aerosol)

Coil Power &Evap PowerKleen Coil

Electric MotorCleaner

Acti Klean Coil Rite Power-Plus Power Clean

Renewz Foam Plus Foaminator

Blast Kleen Nu Blast Blast-A-Coil KO Dirt Blaster - Blow Out

Em DegreasingSolvent

Switch & ContactCleaner

Zipp Saf-T-Kleen Degreaser

Electric ContactCleaner

HD DegreasingSolvent

Scale Remover &Inhibitor

OUTDOOR

INDOOR


DegreasingSolvent ef

Liquid ScaleDissolver

Switch & ContactCleaner

Virginia 10N

Liquid ScaleRemover

Contact Cleaner

Continental #1

Liquid Descalit

-

-

D’Scale


Degreaser

Scale Remover

Dirty or blocked coils will result in reducedair flow and poor heat transfer. Equipment could run hotter, reducing its useful lifetime,increasing operating costs and reducing comfort or refrigeration capacity. Properlycleaning the coils will keep equipment running at peak performance.

Indoor coils, cabinets, air filters and fan blades canbe cleaned with a diluted concentrate. Each coil cleaner has a dilution chart on the bottleas a guideline.

The two active ingredients are soap and an acid or alkaline based surface brightener.

The soap’s job is obvious -- to break up and carry away dirt and grease.

The surface brightener’s job is also straightforward: Air, moisture and other chemicals will react with aluminum coil surfaces to form layers that can collect dirt and reduce heat transfer. The strong alkaline or acid compounds in the coil cleaner will chemically clean the layers away until bright metal is exposed, returning the coil surface to its original design performance.

HOW CAN YOU CALCULATE DILUTION LEVELS?Concentrated coil cleaners are meant to be dilutedwith water. Using the concentrate straight from thebottle or strong mixtures on lightly soiled coils canresult in damage to the surface being cleaned.

Extremely dirty coils require a higher content of the coil cleaner versus water to get the desired cleaning.

Moderately soiled coils can be cleaned with an equal amount of coil cleaner and water content.

Slightly soiled coils can be cleaned with a higher water content to coil cleaner content to get the desired cleaning.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TYPES OF COIL CLEANERS?

They will all clean and treat the surface of the coil.The major differences are:

Acid or Alkaline based (acid for strong surface treatment, alkaline for general brightening)

Formulation

Amount and type of soap

Color

HOW DO COIL CLEANERS REALLY WORK?

WHY USE A COIL CLEANER?

CAN COIL CLEANERS BE USED TO CLEAN OTHER SURFACES?

NATIONAL CHEMICALS &COIL CLEANERS

NATIONAL CHEMICALS ANDCOIL CLEANERS

Refrigerant Reference Guide 2nd Edition 2010

Aerosol Products

PART #

BlastKleen

EvapKleen

Energized ElectricalCleaner

HD Solvent

MultiKleen

Spray Adhesive

Electric Contact Cleaner

Silicone Spray

Penetrating Lubricant

BlastKleen instantly penetrates and dissolves grease, oil and dirt deposits from refrigeration condenser coils. Due to its ability to evaporate quickly, it does not need to be rinsed off the coils.

EvapKleen is a foaming, no-rinse product used to clean eithercondenser or evaporator coils

Energized Electrical Cleaner is a self rinsing solvent that cleans and protects electric motors, generators, oil burners, and fans from corrosion.

HD Solvent is an “environmentally friendly” heavy duty cleaner and degreaser used where washing or flushing is not possible.

MultiKleen spray is used to clean condenser or evaporator coils,metal cabinets, refrigeration parts and components.

Spray Adhesive is used for forming temporary or permanent bonds between most surfaces. It can be used on paper, foil, cardboard, cloth, leather, glass, Mylar, acetate sheet, foam rubber,urethane foam, Styrofoam and light metal sections.

Electric Contact Cleaner lubricates and protects electrical contacts from corrosion. It helps to restore and maintain the original efficiency of electrical contacts.

Silicone Spray contains FDA approved ingredients allowing it tobe used in food-processing applications. It prevents sticking andgrinding on ice-machines, freezing plates, feed racks, conveyors,dairy machinery, knives and other processing equipment.

Penetrating Lubricant has penetrating and lubricating propertiesthat prevent the accumulation of rust and corrosion.

N4880

N4890

N4835

NDS17OZ

N4860

N4820

N4830

N4840

N4855

134


PROPYLENE GLYCOL Inhibited Propylene Glycol heat transfer fluid contains DOWFROST™ *blended to different concentrations. It contains a performance additive that prevents metal corrosion, lowers maintenance cost, and improves heat transfer. It also provides freeze and burst protection based on the type of application.

Inhibited Propylene Glycol has a low toxicity level, so it can be used in applications that havecontact with food or beverage products such as immersion freezing and packaging carbonatedbeverages. It is also used for secondary cooling and heating applications, and for various defrostingand dehumidifying applications.

Based on the desired application temperature, the amount of propylene glycol can be calculated with the following formula:

Volume of PG required = (System Volume) * (percentage of PG based on Table 1 value)* (0.01)

TemperatureFor Freeze Protection

Volume %For Burst Protection

Volume %

F20100

-10-20-30-40-50-60

TABLE

1

PG35%498099------

PG40%437086------

PG70%254049586369747882

PG96%182936424650545760

PG35%335566778291969696

PG40%294858677279848484

PG70%162733384145484848

PG96%122024283033353535

BLUE

DYE

NO

DYE

PART #55PG35D

5PG4055PG401PG705PG70

55PG70

5PG9655PG96

PROPYL55G

CONCENTRATION35%40%40%70%70%70%

96%96%

Kosher 99.9%Uninhibited USP Food Grade

CONTAINER SIZE55 gallon5 gallon

55 gallon1 gallon5 gallon

55 gallon

5 gallon55 gallon

55 gallon

* Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (DOW) or an affiliated company of Dow.

NATIONAL CHEMICALS &COIL CLEANERS



4. Regulatory & Legislative Issues

137

The following section is a compilation of EPA publications relating to the HVAC/R industry.

For further information on these publications,or any other regulatory questions, contact the

EPA Stratospheric Hotline at

1-800-296-1996

or visit the EPA Website:

www.epa.gov/ozone


Regulatory Update

Complying With Section 608 Regulations

This section provides an overview of the refrigerant recycling requirements of Section 608 of the Clean Air Act of 1990, as amended (CAA), including final regulations published on May 14, 1993 (58 FR 28660), August 19, 1994 (59 FR 42950), November 9, 1994 (59 FR 55912), and July 24, 2003 (68 FR 43786). This section also describes the prohibition on intentional refrigerant venting that became effective on July 1, 1992.

• Overview • Prohibition on Venting • Regulatory Requirements • Service Practice Requirements • Evacuation Requirements • Exceptions to Evacuation Requirements • Reclamation Requirement • Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling Equipment Certification • Refrigerant Leaks • Technician Certification • Refrigerant Sales Restrictions • Certification by Owners of Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling Equipment • Refrigerant Reclaimer Certification • Safe Disposal Requirements • For Further Information

Overview

Under Section 608 of the CAA, EPA has established regulations (40 CFR Part 82, Subpart F) that:

• Require service practices that maximize recovery and recycling of ozone-depleting substances (both chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and their blends) during the servicing and disposal of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment.

• Set certification requirements for refrigerant recycling and recovery equipment, technicians, and refrigerant reclaimers.

• Restrict the sale of refrigerant to certified technicians.

• Require persons servicing or disposing of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment to certify to EPA that they have acquired refrigerant recovery and/or recycling equipment and are complying with the requirements of the rule.

• Require the repair of substantial leaks in air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment with a refrigerant charge greater than 50 pounds.

• Establish safe disposal requirement to ensure removal of refrigerants from goods that enter the waste stream with the charge intact (e.g., motor vehicle air conditioners, home refrigerators, and room air conditioners.


Regulatory Update

3. Releases of CFCs or HCFCs that are not used as refrigerants. For instance, mixtures of nitrogen and R-22 that are used as holding charges or as leak test gases may be released.

4. Small releases of refrigerant that result from purging hoses or from connecting or disconnecting hoses to charge or service appliances will not be considered violations of the prohibition on venting. However, recovery and recycling equipment manufactured after November 15, 1993, must be equipped with low-loss fittings.

Regulatory Requirements

Service Practice Requirements

1. Evacuation Requirements

Technicians are required to evacuate air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment to established vacuum levels when opening the equipment for maintenance, service, repair, or disposal. If the technician’s recovery and/or recycling equipment was manufactured any time before November 15, 1993, the air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment must be evacuated to the levels described in the first column of Table 1. If the technician’s recovery or recycling equipment was manufactured on or after November 15, 1993, the air-con-ditioning and refrigeration equipment must be evacuated to the levels described in the second column of Table 1, and the recovery or recycling equipment must have been certified by an EPA -approved equipment testing organization.

Technicians repairing small appliances, such as household refrigerators, window air conditioners, and water coolers, must recover:

80 percent of the refrigerant when • the technician uses recovery or recycling equipment manufactured before November 15, 1993, or • the compressor in the appliance is not operating; OR90 percent of the refrigerant when • the technician uses recovery or recycling equipment manufactured after November 15, 1993, and • the compressor in the appliance is operating

In order to ensure that they are recovering the correct percentage of refrigerant, technicians must use the recovery equipment according to the directions of its manufacturer. Technicians may also satisfy recovery requirements by evacuating the small appliance to four inches of mercury vacuum.

The Prohibition on Venting

Effective July 1, 1992, Section 608 of the Act prohibits individuals from intentionally venting ozone-depleting substances used as refrigerants (generally CFCs and HCFCs) into the atmosphere while maintaining, servicing, repairing, or disposing of air-conditioning or refrigeration equipment (appliances). Only four types of releases are permitted under the prohibition. 1. “De minimis” quantities of refrigerant released in the course of making good faith attempts to recapture and recycle or safely dispose of refrigerant.

2. Refrigerants emitted in the course of normal operation of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment (as opposed to during the maintenance, servicing, repair or disposal of this equipment) such as from mechanical purging and leaks. However, EPA requires the repair of leaks above a certain size in large equipment. (see Refrigerant Leaks)


Regulatory Update

Required Levels of EvacuationREQUIRED LEVELS OF EVACUATION FOR APPLIANCES EXCEPT FOR

SMALL APPLIANCES, MVACS, AND MVAC-LIKE APPLIANCES

TABLE 1

Type of Appliance

Inches of Mercury Vacuum* UsingEquipment Manufactured:

Before Nov. 15,1993

On or after Nov.15, 1993

HCFC-22 appliance** normally containing less than 200pounds of refrigerant

HCFC-22 appliance** normally containing 200 pounds ormore of refrigerant

Other high-pressure appliance** normally containing lessthan 200 pounds of refrigerant (CFC-12,-500, -502 -114)

Other high-pressure appliance** normally containing 200pounds or more of refrigerant (CFC-12, -500, -502, -114)

Very high pressure appliance (CFC-13 -503)

Low pressure appliance (CFC-11, HCFC-123)

0

4

4

4

0

25

0

10

10

15

0

25 mm Hg absolute

*Relative to standard atmospheric pressure of 29.9” Hg** Or isolated component of such an appliance

2. Exceptions to Evacuation Requirements

EPA has established limited exceptions to its evacuation requirements for 1) repairs to refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment and 2) repairs that are not major and that are not followed by an evacuation of the equipment to the environment.

If, due to leaks, evacuation to the levels in Table 1 is not attainable, or would substantially contaminate the refrigerant being recovered, the persons opening the appliance must:

• isolate leaking from non-leaking components wherever possible; • evacuate non-leaking components to the levels in Table 1; and • evacuate leaking components to the lowest level that can be attained without substantially contaminating the refrigerant. This level cannot exceed 0 psig.

If evacuation of the equipment to the environment is not to be performed when repairs are complete, and if the repair is not major, then the appliance must:

• be evacuated to at least 0 psig before it is opened if it is a high or very-high pressure appliance, or • be pressurized to 0 psig before it is opened if it is a low-pressure appliance. Methods that require subsequent purging (e.g., nitrogen) cannot be used except with appliances containing R-113.


Regulatory Update3. Reclamation Requirement

EPA has also established that refrigerant recovered and/or recycled can be returned to the same system or other systems owned by the same person without restriction.

If refrigerant changes ownership, it must be reclaimed (i.e., cleaned to the AHRI 700-1193 Standard of purity) by an EPA certified refrigerant reclaimer.

Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling Equipment Certification

The Agency has established a certification program for refrigerant recovery and recycling equipment. EPA required that manufacturers or importers of refrigerant recovery and recycling equipment manufactured on or after November 15, 1993, have their equipment tested by an EPA-approved testing organization to ensure that it meets EPA requirements. Equipment intended for use with air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment must be tested under EPA requirements based upon the AHRI 740 test protocol (i.e., EPA Appendices B and B1 to 40 CFR 82 subpart F). Recycling and recovery equipment intended for use with small appliances must be tested under EPA Appendix C or alternatively under requirements bases upon the AHRI 740 test protocol (i.e., Appendices B and B1 to 40 CFR 82 subpart F).

The Agency requires recovery efficiency standards that vary depending on the size and type of air-conditioning or refrigeration equipment being serviced. For recovery and recycling equipment intended for use with air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment besides small appliances, these standards are the same as those in the second column of Table 1. Recovery equipment intended for use with small appliances must be able to recover 90 percent of the refrigerant in the small appliance when the compressor is not operating.

EPA has approved both the Air-conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) and Underwriters Laboratories (UL) to certify recycling and recovery equipment. Certified equipment can be identified by a label reading: “This equipment has been certified by ARI/UL to meet EPA’s minimum requirements for recycling and/or recovery equipment intended for use with (appropriate category of appliance -- e.g., small appliances, HCFC appliances containing less than 200 pounds of refrigerant, all high-pressure appliances, etc.).” Lists of certified equipment may be obtained by contacting AHRI at 703-5248800 and UL at 708-272-8800 ext. 42371.

Refrigerant Leaks

Owners or operators of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment with refrigerant charges greater than 50 pounds are required to repair leaks within 30 days when those leaks result in the loss of more than a certain percentage of the equipment’s refrigerant charge over a year. For the commercial (e.g. grocery stores and warehouses) and industrial process refrigeration sectors, leaks must be repaired within 30 days when the equipment leaks at a rate that would release 35 percent or more of the charge over a year. For all other sectors, including comfort cooling (such as building chillers), leaks must be repaired when the appliance leaks at a rate that would release 15 percent or more of the charge over a year.

The trigger for repair requirements is the current leak rate projected over a consecutive 12-month period rather than the total quantity of refrigerant lost. For instance, owners or operators of a commercial refrigeration system containing 100 pounds of charge must repair leaks if they find that the system has lost 10 pounds of charge over the past month; although 10 pounds represents only 10 percent of the system charge in this case, a leak rate of 10 pounds per month would result in the release of over 100 percent of the charge over the year. To track leak rates, owners or operators of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment with more than 50 pounds of charge must keep records of the quantity of refrigerant added to their equipment during servicing and maintenance procedures. Owners or operators are required to repair leaks within 30 days of discovery. This requirement is


Regulatory UpdateRefrigerant Leaks (continued)

waived if, within 30 days of discovery, owners develop a one-year retrofit or retirement plan for the leaking equipment. Owners of industrial process refrigeration equipment may qualify for additional time under certain circumstances. For example, if an industrial process shutdown is required to repair a leak, owners have 120 days to repair the leak. Owners of industrial process refrigeration equipment should reference the Compliance Assistance Guidance Document for Industrial Process Refrigeration Leak Repair for additional information concerning time extensions and pertinent recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

The leak repair regulations do not apply to refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment with refrigerant charge sizes less than 50 pounds (such as residential split air-conditioning systems). However, smaller equipment is not exempt from the refrigerant venting prohibition. EPA regulations prohibit the intentional release of all refrigerants during the maintenance, service, repair, or disposal of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment.

Technician Certification

EPA has established a technician certification program for persons (”technicians”) who perform maintenance, service, repair, or disposal that could be reasonably expected to release refrigerants into the atmosphere. The definition of “technician” specifically includes and excludes certain activities as follows:

Included: • attaching and detaching hoses and gauges to and from the appliance to measure pressure within the appliance; • adding refrigerant to (for example “topping off”) or removing refrigerant from the appliance. • any other activity that violates the integrity of the MVAC-like appliances, and small appliances.

In addition, apprentices are exempt from certification requirements provided the apprentice is closely and continually supervised by a certified technician.

The Agency has developed four types of certification:

1. For servicing small appliances (Type I) 2. For servicing or disposing of high or very high-pressure appliances, except small appliances and MVACs (Type II) 3. For servicing or disposing of low-pressure appliances (Type III). 4. For servicing all types of equipment (Universal).

Technicians are required to pass an EPA-approved test given by an EPA-approved certifying organization to become certified under the mandatory program. Section 608 Technician Certification credentials do not expire.

Technician Certification (Section 608): Steps for Replacing a Lost Card

Step 1. Is your testing organization that issued your certification still in business? Check the list of certifying organizations that are still operating.

Yes, my organization is still operating. Go to that organization and get a replacement card. They are required to maintain records of people issued cards.

No. - Go to 2 (next page)


Regulatory Update

Technician Certification (Section 608): Steps for Replacing a Lost Card (continued)

Step 2. Do you have documentation from your original testing organization that demonstrates successful completion of the Section 608 Technician Certification exam? Do you or a current or former employer have a copy of your lost card?

Yes. I have documentation from my original testing organization. Go to the list of certifying organizations that will replace cards. Send a copy of your documentation to one of the organizations (who have volunteered to make cards for people who can’t get them from their certifying organization) on the list. They will issue you a new card and they will maintain a record of your certification.

No. - Go to 3 below.

Step 3. Is the record of your certification in our centralized files which were compiled from data submitted by certifying organizations that have gone out of business? Go to the list of certifying organizations that have closed.

Yes, the record of my certification is in the data submitted by companies that have gone out of business. Download and complete the Assistance with Obtaining a Replacement Card form (PDF, 1 pp., 14K, about PDF). After completing the form mail or fax it to the Section 608 Technician Certification Program Man- ager. Once it is received EPA will contact you with information on how to obtain a replacement card.

No. - Go to 4 below

Step 4. If you cannot answer “yes” to any of the steps above, EPA will not issue a replacement card. You will need to retake the Section certification test. Please go to the Section 608 Technician Certification Programs page to find testing organizations which meet your needs.

The sale of ozone-depleting refrigerant (such as R-11, R-12, and R-22) in any size container has been restricted to technicians certified either under the program described in Technician Certification above or under EPA’s motor vehicle air conditioning regulations. The sales restriction covers ozone-depleting refrigerant contained in bulk containers, such as cans, cylinders, or drums.

The restriction excludes refrigerant contained in refrigerators or air conditioners with fully assembled refrigerantcircuits(such as household refrigerators, window air conditioners, and packaged air conditioners), and HFC refrigerants (such as R-134a and R-410A).

Under Section 609 of the Clean Air Act, sales of CFC-12 in containers smaller than 20 pounds are restricted solely to technicians certified under EPA’s motor vehicle air-conditioning regulations (i.e., Section 609 certified technicians). Technicians certified under EPA’s stationary refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment (i.e., Section 608 certified technicians) may buy containers of CFC-12 larger than 20 pounds.

Section 609 technicians are only allowed to purchase refrigerants that are suitable for use in motor vehicle air-conditioners. Effective September 22, 2003, EPA has restricted the sale of ozone-depleting refrigerants, approved for use in stationary refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment, to Section 608 certified technicians. Therefore, the sale of ozone-depleting refrigerants (such as HCFC-22) that are approved for use in stationary equipment but not for use in motor vehicle air-conditioners is restricted to Section 608 certified technicians.

Refrigerant Sales Restrictions


Regulatory Update

Refrigerant Reclaimer Certification

Refrigerant reclaimers are companies that reprocess used refrigerant back to virgin specifications. EPA restricts the resale of used refrigerant to a new owner, unless it has been reclaimed by an EPA certified refrigerant reclaimer. Reclaimers are required to return refrigerant to the purity level specified in AHRI Standard 700 (an industry-set purity standard) and to verify this purity using the laboratory protocol set forth in the same standard. In order to be recognized by EPA, refrigerant reclaimers must certify to the Section 608 Recycling Program Manager at EPA headquarters that they are complying with these requirements and that the information given is true and correct. Certification must also include the name and address of the reclaimer and a list of equipment used to process and to analyze the refrigerant.

Safe Disposal Requirements

Refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment that is typically dismantled on-site before disposal (e.g., retail food refrigeration, central residential air conditioning, chillers, and industrial process refrigeration) has to have the refrigerant recovered in accordance with EPA ‘s requirements for servicing prior to their disposal. However, equipment that typically enters the waste stream with the charge intact, (e.g. motor vehicle air conditioners, household refrigerators and freezers, and room air conditioners) are subject to special safe disposal requirements.

Under these requirements, the final person in the disposal chain (e.g., a scrap metal recycler or landfill owner) is responsible for ensuring that refrigerant is recovered from equipment before the final disposal of the equipment. If the final person in the disposal chain accepts appliances that no longer hold a refrigerant charge, that person is responsible for maintaining a signed statement from whom the appliance/s is being accepted. The signed state-ment must include the name and address of the person who recovered the refrigerant, and the date that the refrigerant was recovered, or a copy of a contract stating that the refrigerant will be removed prior to delivery. EPA does not mandate a sticker as a form of verification that the refrigerant has been removed prior to disposal of the appliance. Such stickers do not relieve the final disposer of their responsibility to recover any remaining refrigerant in the appliance, unless the sticker consists of a signed statement that includes the name and address of the person who recovered the refrigerant, and the date that the refrigerant was recovered.

Technician certification is not required for individuals removing refrigerant from small appliances, motor vehicle air conditioners, and motor vehicle-like air conditioners, when preparing them for disposal. However, the equipment used to recover refrigerant from appliances prior to their final disposal must meet the same perform-ance standards as refrigerant recovery equipment used prior to servicing. Persons involved in the final disposal of appliances must certify to their EPA Regional Office that they have obtained and are properly using EPA certified refrigerant recovery equipment.

Certification by Owners of Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling Equipment

EPA requires that persons servicing, disposing, or recycling air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment certify to the appropriate EPA Regional Office that they have acquired (built, bought, or leased) refrigerant recovery or recycling equipment and that they are complying with the applicable requirements of this rule. This certification must be signed by the owner of the owner of the equipment or another responsible officer and sent to the appropriate EPA Regional Office. Although owners of recycling and recovery equipment are required to list the number of trucks based at their shops, they do not need to have a piece of recycling or recovery equipment for every truck. Owners do have to send in a new form each time they add recycling or recovery equipment to their inventory.


Major Recordkeeping Requirements

Technicians servicing appliances that contain 50 or more pounds of refrigerant must provide the owner with an invoice that indicates the amount of refrigerant added to the appliance. Technicians must also keep a copy of their proof of certification at their place of business.

Owners or Operators of appliances that contain 50 or more pounds of refrigerant must keep servicing records documenting the date and type of service, as well as the quantity of refrigerant added.

Wholesalers who sell CFC and HCFC refrigerants must retain invoices that indicate the name of the purchases, the date of sale, and the quantity of refrigerant purchased.

Reclaimers must maintain records of the names and addresses of persons sending them material for reclamation and the quantity of material send to them for reclamation. This information must be maintained on a transactional basis. Within 30 days of the end of the calendar year, reclaimers must report to EPA the total quantity of material sent to them that year for reclamation, the mass of refrigerant reclaimed that year, and the mass of waste products generated that year.

Regulatory Updates

EPA Final HCFC Rules Summary

1) Allocation Rule - Adjustments to the Allowance System for Controlling HCFC Production, Import & Export allocates the production and import of HCFCs including R-22, R-142b, R-123 and R-124 for 2010 through 2014.

2) Precharged Equipment Rule - Ban of the Sale or Distribution of Precharged Equipment establishes regulations related to the sale or distribution or offer for sale or distribution in interstate commerce of air conditioning and refrigeration appliances containing R-22, R-142b and blends containing these refrigerants beginning January 1, 2010.

EPA definition of Appliance, Component and Manufactured:

Appliance: Any device which contains and uses a refrigerant and which is used for household or commercial purposes, including air conditioners, refrigerators, chillers and freezers.

Component: Any portion of the refrigerant circuitry that is necessary for the appliance to function in its intended purpose (examples: condenser, evaporator, compressor, TXV, line set, coil)

Manufactured: The date of manufacture is when the appliance meets the following four criteria:

1) Refrigerant circuit is complete and 2) Appliance is charged with refrigerant and 3) Appliance can function and 4) Appliance is ready for use for its intended purpose

Allocation Rule

EPA is allocating 80% of the estimated quantity of R-22 needed for aftermarket servicing in 2010and will decrease the allocation each year so that the supply of R-22 will be less than the estimated

demand. EPA will issue allocations for 2015-2019 at a later date based on projected servicing demand for those years.

Virgin R-123 and R-124 are allowed in newly manufactured appliances until January 1,2020.

As indicated in the chart below, reclaimed R-22 will be necessary to meet the continued servicing needs of the installed equipment base:

Estimated R-22 Demand for Service

EPA Virgin R-22 Allocation

Shortfall to be filled with Reclaim R-22

2010137.7 M

110.2 M

27.55M

2011127.6 M

100 M

27.55 M

2012117.2 M

89.7 M

27.55 M

2013106.7 M

79.1 M

27.55 M

201496 M

68.6 M

27.55 M

All numbers in pounds


2010 HCFC RULES

2010 HCFC RULES

Precharged Equipment Rule

The Precharged Equipment Rule prohibits the precharging of all air conditioning and refrigeration appliances and components by OEMs beginning January 1, 2010.

The prohibition ....

» Does not apply to precharged appliances and components that were manufactured prior to January 1, 2010

» Does not prohibit the sale or distribution of pre-2010 inventory

» Allows the sale and distribution of uncharged appliances and components

» Allows use of reclaimed R-22 to field charge appliances manufactured after January 1, 2010

» Allows uncharged components to be charged with virgin or reclaimed refrigerant if used for service only

Precharged Appliances & Components manufactured before January 1, 2010

» No restriction on sale or distribution

» Precharged components can only be used to service existing appliances

» Virgin or reclaimed refrigerant can be used to service existing appliances

Appliances & Components manufactured after January 1, 2010

» Appliances cannot be initially charged with virgin refrigerant, reclaimed refrigerant is okay

» Components can be charged with virgin refrigerant if being used for service of existing appliance; otherwise, charge only with reclaimed refrigerant

Important Exceptions

1) Virgin R-22 may be used for the onsite manufacture (i.e. installation) of appliances for a specific project if the components being used on that project were manufactured before January 1, 2010 and if a building permit or contract was issued and dated prior to January 1, 2010. Projects that qualify for this exception must be completed by December 31, 2011.

2) Thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) manufacturers can use R-22 manufactured before January 1, 2010 to produce precharged TXVs until January 1, 2015.

For more information, please visit EPA’s website: http://www.epa.gov/ozone/strathome.html



NOTES

Documents

Table of Contentsarco-hvac.ir/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Refrigerants...Refrigerant Reference Guide 5th Edition 2010 Table of Contents Section 2 -- Retrofits and Conversions Page •