Table of Contents - Texas Tech University College of … · Web viewFigure 16 – Wall Towers West building, Wall Street, taken by author April, 2008 IDENTIFICATION OF EXISTING SUSTAINABLE

COMMUNITY DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT REPORTMIDLAND, TEXAS

MIDLAND, TEXASTHE TALL CITY

i

Figure 1 (Midland Texas Convention & Visitors Bureau)

Prepared by Thais AhlstrandFor Texas Tech University

ARCH 5384: Community Design & Development ResourcesSpring 2008

Table of Contents

PART 1Project Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………..1

Community Contact Information……………………………………………………………………………………..2

Mayoral Registry…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4

Community Profile Description of Midland………………………………………………………………………5

Location………………………………………………………………………………………………………………6

Population…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..7

Climate………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..7

Government………………………………………………………………………………………………………..7

Transportation……………………………………………………………………………………………………8

Tourism Accommodations……………………………………………………………………………………8

Educational Facilities……………………………………………………………………………………………9

Community Information………………………………………………………………………………………9

Recreation…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..9

Community Events & Attractions………………………………………………………………………..10

Arts & Culture……………………………………………………………………………………………………10

Major Employers……………………………………………………………………………………………….11

Economic Incentives………………………………………………………………………………………….11

Demographic Information…………………………………………………………………………………………….12

Population Statistics………………………………………………………………………………………….12

Race………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….12

Housing…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….13

Cost of Living…………………………………………………………………………………………………….13

Economic Indicators………………………………………………………………………………………….13

Education………………………………………………………………………………………………………….14

Income……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...14

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Table of Contents

Analysis……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..15

Community History………………………………………………………………………………………………………16

PART 2Identification of Existing Resources……………………………………………………………………………....18

Midland Development Corporation……………………………………………………………………18

Midland Chamber of Commerce…………………………………………………………………………20

City of Midland Development & Services Department…………………………….……………20

Code Administration Office………………………………………………………….…….……20

Community Development Office……………………………………………….…….……….21

Design & Construction Division………………………………………………….……………21

Planning Division………………………………………………………………….………………..21

Transportation Division……………………………………………………………..…………..22

Traffic Engineering Division……………………………………………………..…………….22

Annexation Plan………………………………………………………………………….………….22

Geographical Information Systems Division………………………….…………………23

Midland Tax Increment Reinvestment Zone……………………………………………………….23

Midland Master Plan 2025…………………………………………………………………………………23

Midland SMART Downtown Plan……………………………………………….………………………24

Sustainability………………………………………………………………………………………………………………25

Identification of Existing Sustainable Resources…………………..……….…………………….25

Keep Midland Beautiful…………………………………………….…………………………….25

Parks and Recreation Division……………………………..…………………………………..25

H-E-B………………………………………………………………..……………………………………26

EZRider…………………………………………………………………………………………………..27

Recommendation of New Resources…………………………………………………………………..27

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Table of Contents

Green Communities…………………………………………………………………...…………….28

Local Government Commission………………………………………………………..………29

Green Power……………………………………………………………………………………..…….30

Representation of Recommendations…………………………………………..……………………..31

Green Communities…………………………………………………………..…………………….31

Local Government Commission………………………………….……………………………33

Green Power …………………………………………………….…………………………………….34

Process for Implementation…………………………………………….…………………………………34

Green Communities………………………………………………………..……………………….34

Local Government Commission………………………….…….………………………………35

Green Power ……………………………………………………………………….………………….36

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………..37

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………..………………………….38

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Part 1 – Project Introduction

The community design and development assessment report of Midland, Texas, is a

project of the ARCH 5384, Community Design & Development Resources class at Texas

Tech University, College of Architecture, under the direction of Professor Mary-Alice

Torres-MacDonald. The purpose of this project is to establish an understanding of

community design and development within the context of a community project while

providing a professional report that benefits both the student and the community.

Resource and reference materials used include community websites, city brochures,

informal interviews, newspaper articles, and comprehensive and strategic planning

documents. Due to the extensive nature of this project and time constraints, only a select

amount of information was used in the development of the report.

In writing this report, I attempted to give the reader a broad overview of the

community of Midland and the current resources and developmental works in use by the

current city planning committee. The objective of my recommendations for the future

development of the city is to aide in the growth, revitalization, and sustainability of the

community. The ideas presented herein are ones that have previously enhanced other

communities and ones I believe will also spur Midland into becoming an even better city in

which to live.

-Thais Ahlstrand

1

Part 1 – Community Contact Information

CITY OF MIDLAND300 N. LoraineMidland, TX 79701www.midlandtx.gov

Interim City Manager Tommy HudsonPh: 432-685-7201, fax: 432-686-1600

Assistant City ManagerMarcus JohnstonPh: 432-685-7205, fax: 432-686-1600

City Development Advisory CommitteeTina JuazPh: 432-685-7593

Midland Beautification Advisory CommitteeKay SnyderPh: 432-685-7261

Midland Housing Authority CommitteeWillie Ruth AdamsPh: 432-682-0011

Midland-Odessa Urban Transit District BoardMarcus JohnstonPh: 432-685-7205

Parks and Recreation CommissionMonette BurkePh: 432-685-7354

Planning and Zoning Commission Cameron Walker Ph: 432-685-7405

Water Resources CommitteeKay SnyderPh: 432-685-7261

2

http://www.midlandtx.gov/

Part 1 – Community Contact Information

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT OFFICEAdministrator – Sylvester Cantu300 N. Loraine, Rm: 410Midland, TX 79701Ph: 432-685-7408

MIDLAND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION109 N. MainMidland, TX 79701Ph: 683-3381, fax: 432-682-9205Email: [email protected]

MIDLAND CHAMBER OF COMMERCE109 N. MainMidland, TX 79701Ph: 800-624-6435www.midlandtxchamber.com

MIDLAND CITY COUNCILDistrict One – LuAnn Morgan, [email protected] Two – Vicky Hailey, [email protected] Three – John James, [email protected] Four – Michael Trost, [email protected] Large – Bill Dingus, [email protected] Large - Scott Dufford, [email protected]

3

Figure 2 – Midland County Courthouse, taken by author, April 2008

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.midlandtxchamber.com/

mailto:[email protected]

Part 1 – Mayoral Registry

S.J. Isaacs – 1907-19081

A.C. Parker – 1908-1909

J.A. Haley – 1909-1911

J.M. Caldwell – 1911-1915

J.M. Gilmore – 1915-1917

H.A. Leaverton – 1917-1918

W.A. Dawson – 1918-1923

Paul T. Barron – 1923-1925

Frank Hagg – 1925-1929

Leon Goodman – 1929-1934

M.C. Ulmer – 1934-1943

A.N. Hendrickson – 1943-1946

Fred Hogan – 1946-1947

Russell H. Gifford – 1947-1949

William B. Neely – 1949-1951

Perry Pickett – 1951-1953

J.W. McMillen – 1953-1954

Ernest Sidwell – 1955-1958

F.L. Thompson – 1958-1962

H.C. Avery, Jr. – 1962-1968

Edwin H. Magruder, Jr. – 1968-1972

1 (Midland Reporter Telegram, 2007)

Ernest Angelo, Jr. – 1972-1980

Thane Akins – 1980-1986

Carroll Thomas – 1986-1992

J.D. Faircloth – 1992-1994

Robert E. Burns – 1994-2001

Mike Canon – 2001-2008

Wes Perry – 2008-Present

4

Figure 3 - Mayor W. Wesley Perry, 2008, http://www.midlandtexas.gov/government/mayors_office/mayor.html

Part 1 – Community Profile Description of Midland

Midland came to be known as The Tall City because its skyscrapers could be seen

from 30 miles away. It boasts claim to many celebrities as President George W. Bush and

First Lady Laura Bush, President George H.W. Bush and First Lady Barbara Bush, Cedric

Benson – running back for the Chicago Bears, Woody Harrelson – actor, Tommy Lee Jones –

actor, Susan Graham – mezzo-soprano, and many others. Midland’s four sister cities

include Dongying (China), Wirral (England), New Amsterdam (Guyana), and Chihuahua

(Mexico). When visiting Midland, tourists can enjoy one of the many year-round cultural

entertainments in the community. The Midland-Odessa Symphony & Chorale has served

the Permian Basin for over 45 years bringing multiple concerts and musicians to the area.

Other performing arts programs include Ballet Midland, Midland Opera Theatre, and

Midland Community Theatre. The Museum of the Southwest features collections of local

and international artists. It also includes the Children’s Museum and the Marian W.

Blakemore Planetarium. The Petroleum Museum has numerous displays of the history,

science, and technology of the oil and gas development. The Commemorative Air Force

brings the annual air show to Midland and its American Airpower Heritage Museum is

internationally recognized and loaded with World War II artifacts and memorabilia. For

sports fans, Midland is home to the Midland Rockhounds, a Texas League minor league

baseball team affiliated with the Oakland Athletics.2 There are multiple private and public

golf courses spotted around town as well as other community parks and recreation areas.

A wide variety of restaurants is available, including national chain establishments and

2 (Wikipedia, 2008)

5


locally owned restaurants. Midland continually strives to be a beautiful community,

bringing culture and education to an ever growing population.

Figure 4 - taken by author, April, 2008

LOCATION

Midland is located at coordinates 32.005072, -102.0992393, with an elevation of 2,782 feet

above sea level. The city is approximately 300.66 miles west of Fort Worth, Texas, and

305.69 miles east of El Paso, Texas, on Interstate Highway 20.

3 (Wikipedia, 2008)

6


POPULATION

2000 Census – 94,996; Est. 2007 – 103,174

CLIMATE

Midland’s climate is typical of a semi-arid region. Most of the annual precipitation comes

from spring and summer thunderstorms. Dust storms are frequent in the late winter and

early spring months. Summer day temperatures are quite hot, but evenings are

comfortable. Winters are characterized by frequent cold periods followed by rapid

warming. Overall, the climate is pleasant with only a few disagreeable days throughout the

year.4

Month Ja

n

Fe

b

Ma

r

Ap

r

Ma

y

Jun Jul Au

g

Se

p

Oc

t

No

v

De

c

Yea

r

Avg. high temp °F 60 66 74 82 89 94 96 94 88 80 68 61 79

Avg. low temp °F 29 34 41 48 58 65 68 67 61 51 38 34 50

Avg. precipitation in. .53 .58 .42 .73 1.79 1.71 1.89 1.77 2.31 1.77 .65 .65 13.97

Days above 32°F: 83.1%Average yearly days with more than one inch of snowfall: 1.7Average yearly days without precipitation: 303.3Average yearly rainfall: 13.97 inches5

GOVERNMENT

The City of Midland Charter was adopted on November 5, 1940 and has since been

amended. The charter established Midland as a home rule city and provides the city with

4 (Midland/Odessa Weather Forecast Office, 2008)5 (Midland Chamber of Commerce, 2008)

7


the full power of self-government and describes such power. The governing and

lawmaking body consists of six council members and one mayor, all of which are elected.6

Other Departments & City Services:Administration AirportAnimal Services Building InspectionsCity Attorney City Auditor and Fraud HotlineCity Manager City SecretaryCommunity Development Block Grant Customer ServiceDevelopment Services Finance & BudgetFire Department Health & Senior ServicesMunicipal Court Parks & RecreationPolice Department Public InformationPublic Safety Communication PurchasingUtilities GIS (Geographic Information Systems)7

TRANSPORTATION

Air Service:Midland InternationalMidland Airpark

Rail Service Provider:Union Pacific

Public Transportation:EZRider – Midland-Odessa Urban Transit District

TOURISM ACCOMODATIONS

More than 20 hotels, varying fromluxury to economy, one bed andbreakfast

Over 200 restaurants, including fast food establishments4 RV camp grounds

6 (Charter Committee, 1940)7 (City Of Midland, 2006)

8


EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES

Midland CollegePermian Basin Graduate CenterAdvance Technology CenterCogdell Learning CenterElementary – 23Junior High – 4Freshman – 2High School – 2Private – 9Special/High School – 1

COMMUNITY INFORMATION

Health Care:Total hospital beds in city – 488Total doctors (medical) in city – 220

Media:Papers – 1 – Daily, 2 – Weekly, Regional in SpanishRadio Stations – 16TV Stations – 6 local

RECREATIONSchaurbeur Sports ComplexMidland Polo ClubMabee Aquatic CenterParks – 45Country Clubs – 4Health Centers – 7Public Golf Courses – 2Theatres – 7 (3 live)Tennis Courts – 82Libraries – 4

9

Figure 5 – Holiday Inn Express on Loop 250, taken by author, April 2008

Figure 6 – Midland College Logo, http://www.midlandcollegebookstore.com/ePOS/form=shared3/custom/images/322/logo2.gif

Figure 7 – Schaurbeur Sports Complex, taken by author, April 2008


Others: bowling, shooting ranges, rodeos, hunting, community shelter8

COMMUNITY EVENTS & ATTRACTIONS

Events:Celebration of the ArtsCeltic Heritage FestivalCinco de MayoCommunity ConcertsFina Air Sho High School FootballMed-Tex: Menudo, Chili, Fajita Cook-off and Family FestivalMidland Rockhounds Texas League BaseballRock the DesertSt. Ann’s FairSeptemberfestShades of Blues FestivalStar Spangles SaluteSummer Concert SeriesSummer Mummers

Attractions:American Airpower Heritage Museum, Commemorative Air ForceBrown-Dorsey Medallion Home, oldest house built 1899Centennial PlazaChaparral GalleryFredda Turner Durham Children’s MuseumGeorge W. Bush Childhood HomeHaley Library & History CenterMarian Blakemore PlanetariumMuseum of the SouthwestPetroleum Museum

Scarborough-Linebery HouseSibley Nature Learning Center

8 (Midland Development Corporation, 2008)

10

Figure 8 - CAF logo, http://www.midlandtexashomes.com/images/caf_lohd.gif

Figure 9 - Scarborough-Linebery House, taken by author, April, 2008


ARTS & CULTURE

Cole TheatreMcCormick Art GalleryMidland Festival BalletMidland-Odessa Symphony and ChoraleMidland Opera TheatreYucca TheatreMAJOR EMPLOYERS9

Industry Name # of Employees

Midland Independent School District 2,826Warren Equipment Companies 1,920Midland Memorial Hospital 1,500Midland College 1,200Dawson Geophysical 1,200City of Midland 962Patterson Drilling UTI 750AT&T Wireless, LLC 600Midland County 583Key Energy Services 500Schlumberger Oilfield Services 450Semperian Administrative Services 375Halliburton 300Pioneer Natural Gas Resources USA 300Conoco Phillips 240Wilson Companies 225Baker Hughes Companies 217Chevron 200Steward Cable/Houston Connection 200Teraco 180Texas Access Alliance 175BJB Company 160Onda-Lay Pipe & Rental, Inc. 150Don-Nan Pump & Supply, Inc. 140Kinder Morgan 100


11

Figure 10 – Yucca Theatre, Home to Summer Mummers, taken by author, April 2008


ECONOMIC INCENTIVES

Tax AbatementEnterprise ZoneEconomic Dev 4A sales taxForeign Trade ZoneReinvestment ZoneFreeport ExemptionTax Rate (per $100 assessed value) – Jan. 2008: $2.270975Total Tax: 8.25%10


12

Part 1 – Demographic Information

POPULATION STATISTICS

The following statistics are based on the 2000 Census, unless otherwise noted.11

Number PercentMidland County 116,009 100City of Midland 94,996 100Male 45,575 48Female 49,421 52

AgeNumber Percent

Children 5 & Under 7,170 7.5Ages 5-9 7,777 8.210-14 8,382 8.815-19 8,053 8.520-24 5,526 5.825-34 11,592 12.235-44 15,242 16.045-54 12,490 13.155-59 3,775 4.060-64 3,291 3.565-74 6,522 6.975-84 3,867 4.185+ 1,309 1.4

RACE

Number PercentWhite 71,735 75.5Black or African American 7,948 8.4American Indian & Alaska Native

602 0.6

Asian 956 1.0Hispanic 27,543 29.0Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

29 0.0

Other 11,862 12.5Two or More Races 1,864 2.0

HOUSING 11 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000)

13


Occupancy Number PercentTotal Housing Units 39,855 100.0Occupied Housing Units 35,674 89.5Vacant Housing Units 4,181 10.5For Seasonal, Recreational, or Occasional Use

108 0.3

COST OF LIVING12

Area/State

100% Compos

ite Index

13% Groce

ry Items

28% Housi

ng

10% Utiliti

es

10% Transporta

tion

4% Healt

h Care

35% Misc. Good

s/Servi

ceMidland, TX 87.2 84.6 74.1 90.0 99.0 94.3 93.7Dallas, TX 92.5 96.7 76.1 99.3 104.0 98.5 98.1Denver, CO 102.3 99.5 110.4 110.2 90.0 109.5 97.4Houston, TX 88.2 83.7 73.0 104.5 97.0 102.9 93.1Phoenix, AZ 101.7 98.0 103.4 94.1 105.2 100.8 102.8

ECONOMIC INDICATORS: 2007 year to date

City of Midland

Residential Permits

Residential Valuations

Commercial Permits

Commercial Valuations

2007 Totals 536 $62,695,657 64 $189,555,9882006 Totals 467 $60,127,398 54 $44,787,4402005 Totals 392 $47,547,406 34 $32,635,4932004 Totals 287 $37,394,566 32 $46,273,6232003 Totals 267 $31,567,892 28 $19,790,9352002 Totals 245 $24,389,490 35 $14,093,6752001 Totals 170 $18,670,935 37 $12,956,03413

Midland CountyPop. = 124,380

Labor Force Employed Unemployment Rate

January 2008 71,994 69,883 2.9%2007 Avg. 71,440 69,353 2.9%

12 (ACCRA Cost of Living Index, 2007)13 (City of Midland, Monthly Building Permits Report, 2008)

14


2006 Avg. 70,525 68,141 3.4%2005 Avg. 65,277 62,715 3.9%2004 Avg. 64,915 62,527 3.7%2003 Avg. 64,301 61,491 4.5%2002 Avg. 61,738 59,010 4.3%2001 Avg. 59,978 57,992 3.3%14

EDUCATION15

Number PercentPop. 3yrs.+ enrolled in school

28,250 100

Nursery school, preschool 1,662 5.9Kindergarten 1,505 5.3Elementary: grade 1-4 6,652 23.5Elementary: grade 5-8 7,008 24.8High School: grade 9-12 6,616 23.4College, undergraduate 4,276 15.1Graduate, professional school

531 1.9

Number PercentPop. 18-24 yrs. 8,254 100High School Graduates 5,433 65.8Enrolled in college or graduate school

2,241 27.2

INCOME16

Amount in DollarsCity of Midland median income 24,950 For Men 33,888 For Women 16,797

14 (Texas Workforce Commission - Labor Market Information Department, 2008)15 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000)16 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2006)

15


ANALYSIS

Along with the current oil boom, Midland’s population has grown from 94,996,

according to the 2000 US Census, to an estimated 102,073 in 2006. With this influx of

people, the housing industry has also grown to having spent more than 62 million dollars

on new housing construction in 2007. When driving around Midland, evidence of housing

construction is seen just about everywhere. The City of Midland’s median household

income is $48,451, but is only $24,950 for the average median income. The unemployment

rate is at an all time low of 2.9%, according to the survey in January, 2008. The one

downside to this low unemployment rate is that companies are unable to find employees

because everyone who wants to work is already working.17 Only 12.6% of the population

lives below the poverty level. The high demand of housing has increased the average cost

of both renting and buying housing units in Midland and unfortunately, it is not as

affordable as it was 10 years ago. Even though the city has increased housing expenses, the

average cost of living is still lower than those of other cities in the region.

17 (Watson, 2008)

16

Figure 11 – The skyline of Midland as seen from TX-349, taken by author, April 2008

Part 1 – Community History

The City of Midland, part of the Permian Basin, is located in the Southern Plains of

the western area of the State of Texas. The location of Midland originated as a stop on the

stagecoach route of the Southern Overland Stage Mail Company which consisted of cross-

country bi-weekly mail and passenger transports.18 This route eventually led to the

location of the Texas Pacific Railway and eventually portions of Interstate Highway 20 and

Interstate Highway 10. In 1881, the Texas Pacific Railway built a station house at the

midpoint between Fort Worth and El Paso, Texas, which became the Midway Station. The

name of the community changed to Midland as a provision of the establishment of a post

office in 1884. The City of Midland was incorporated on July 16, 1906 and by 1914, there

were approximately 2,500 people living in Midland. Up until the 1920’s, Midland was a

small ranching and farming community when the economy boomed with the discovery of

oil and gas, bringing new jobs and establishing Midland as an economic center for

petroleum companies. During World War II, the Army Air Corps opened a bombardier

school from 1942-1945 which later evolved into Midland International Airport19. By 1940

the population had grown to 9,400 people and continued to expand through the 1960’s

with another increase in the oil industry. This increase in population continued through

the 1970’s and the beginning of the 1980’s. 1982 saw a decrease in oil prices causing the

economy to slow, leaving vacant the many new homes and offices built during the boom of

the 1970’s. Though this slouch in the economy hurt Midland temporarily, the city

continued to grow and reached 94,966, recorded by the 2000 U.S. Census. Though Midland

has diversified its economy into other industries including manufacturing oil-field

18 (Dunkin, Sefko & Associates, Inc.; Parkhill, Smith & Cooper, Inc., 2006)19 (Escapes, 1998-2007)

17

Part 1 – Community History

equipment, fabricated metal, chemicals, plastics, electronic components, and synthetic

DNA20, it still remains a major hub for the petroleum industry today.

Figure 12 – City of Midland Map. Taken from City of Midland website – www.midlandtexas.gov

20 (Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2007, 1997-2007)

18

Part 2 – Identification of Existing Resources

Midland Development Corporation is a five-member board appointed by the City Council

which administers the area’s economic development program. The corporation’s goals

include:

Keep existing jobs and businesses in Midland

Foster the expansion of existing Midland businesses

Attract target industries and businesses to Midland

Provide long-term employment opportunities for Midlanders

Promote and develop industrial and manufacturing enterprises in order to reduce

unemployment and underemployment

Promote and encourage employment and the public welfare of, for, and on behalf of

the City of Midland

Develop areas of the City of Midland that meet the City’s development objectives21

In March, the MDC approved a $275,000 agreement with a local based company, Natural

Gas Services Group, Inc., to expand its facilities. As part of the agreement, the company is

required to lease office space within the city limits for its corporate office, expand its

operations on 9.3 acres of land within the county, employ at least 10 new full-time

employees in the corporate office before 2011, employ at least 39 new full-time employees

for its operational facility before 2011, and invest at least $500,000 in purchases and

improvements for the office facility and $4 million for the operational facility. This is just

one step in what the MDC is doing to diversify the local economy.22

21 (Midland Development Corporation)22 (Bacalso, 2008)

19


Midland Chamber of Commerce is “in

business for business.” The Chamber

encourages the improvement of the city and

community by providing job opportunities,

20

Figure 13 - Midland Development Map - 2006, City of Midland website, http://www.midlandtexas.gov/departments/development_serv/gis/maps/pdf/developmentmap.pdf

Figure 14 – Midland Chamber of Commerce Office, taken by author, April 2008


networking and training opportunities and a medium in which businesses can take

effective action for the progress of the community. It brings conventions and tourism to

the area and seeks the improvement of community facilities and infrastructure. The

Chamber promotes why Midland is such a great place to live, work, and do business.23

The City of Midland Development Services Department includes Code Administration,

Community Development, Engineering Services, Planning and Zoning, Transportation

Division, Traffic Engineering, Annexation Plans, and Geographic Information Systems

(GIS).24

The Code Administration Office supervises the growth and development of the

city as well as enforces various Codes and Ordinances to preserve the quality of life.

Part of the Code Administration Office is the Building Inspection Office which

reviews the plans and construction documents for all construction for code

compliance.

The Community Development Office’s purpose is to execute the City’s program of

housing and community development for its target neighborhoods. The primary

function is implementing the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)

program and its funded programs and projects as well as similarly funded projects.25

CDBG funds are annually awarded to the City of Midland and are used to develop

viable urban communities. These monies are used to provide decent housing and

23 (Midland Chamber of Commerce)24 (City of Midland, 2006)25 (City of Midland, 2006)

21


suitable living environments to persons of low and moderate income. Other CD

funding has been provided by the State of Texas HOME Investment Partnerships

Program, the Federal Home Loan bank of Dallas, and the Midland Housing Trust

Fund.

The Design and Construction Division is responsible for the City of Midland’s

engineering. It oversees the construction of public works and the work is

compatible with the needs of the community as defined by the comprehensive plan.

This division reviews, inspects, and tests all public improvements to ensure

compliance with City standards.

The Planning Division is responsible for making recommendations to the Planning

and Zoning Commission and City Council concerning zoning matters and

development of the city. This division also works with other city development

entities to development strategies to encourage Downtown revitalization.

The Transportation Division is responsible for the maintenance and repairs of the

streets, alley, curbs, gutters, storm sewers, and drainage channels. They also

perform street paving, sweeping and general public right-of-way cleanup.

Traffic Engineering’s responsibilities include conducting studies of vehicular and

pedestrian traffic flow and patterns, installation and maintenance of all traffic

control devises, enforcement of right-of-way and visibility sight triangle

22


obstructions, and traffic accident analysis. The division also approves means of

egress for all residential and commercial development.

Annexation Plan

The Geographical Information Systems Division provides timely and accurate

geographical data, maps, and custom applications to city employees and the general

public.

The Midland Tax Increment Reinvestment Zone was created to utilize the Tax

Increment Financing development tool in the Downtown area. A TIRZ works by capturing

the tax value generated in the Zone above the base year value and reinvesting that revenue

back into public improvements within the Zone.26 The TIRZ provides financing and

26 (Midland TIRZ)

23

Figure 15 - Midland Annexation Plan, http://www.midlandtexas.gov/departments/development_serv/annex_plans.html


management tools to help stimulate the renovation or transition of vacant and deteriorated

commercial structures, make site improvements, improve infrastructure, and encourage

the growth of retail, hotel, and residential development within the Downtown area.

The Midland Master Plan 2025 was adopted by the City of Midland

May 10, 2005 as a long range planning tool to be used by city officials

and citizens to guide the growth and development of the community.

The development elements that directly impact the growth of the

community and its desirability include, but not limited to, transportation facilities, land use,

housing, recreation areas, and public facilities. It is the purpose of this plan to guide and

reinforce the established vision of the City of Midland’s future appearance.27

Midland SMART Downtown Plan, adopted May, 2007, was developed

to ensure that future Downtown Midland improvements occur with an

aesthetic and functional continuity. The plan’s objective is to assist the

city officials and other decision-makers with the preparation of real-estate strategies and

urban planning programs that will lead to a productive and well-marketed Downtown

area.28

27 (Dunkin, Sefko & Associates, Inc.; Parkhill, Smith & Cooper, Inc., 2006)28 (HNTB Team, 2007)

24


Figure 16 – Wall Towers West building, Wall Street, taken by author April, 2008

25

Figure 17 -http://www.keepmidlandbeautiful.org/

Figure 18 - Wadley-Baron Park, http://www.midlandtexas.gov/departments/parks_recre/parks.html

Part 2 – Sustainability

IDENTIFICATION OF EXISTING SUSTAINABLE RESOURCES

Keep Midland Beautiful – a program that is dedicated to the improvement of Midland

through litter prevention, waste reduction, beautification and environmental education.29

Founded in 1983, it is affiliated with Keep America

Beautiful and was originally known as Clean

Midland. KMB promotes annual events such as

Earth Day and Arbor Day, provides recycling centers

around town, offers fund-raising activities for other

non-profit organizations through trash pick-up, and offers an Adopt-A-Spot program to

groups who want to help the community. In 2007, KMB organized 309 cleanups, removed

346 total tons of trash/debris through cleanups, planted 102 trees at public parks,

accumulated 7,336 tons of recyclables, and many more accomplishments too numerous to

mention. On April 5, 2008, KMB organized over 3,000 volunteers to participate in the Great

American Cleanup Don’t Mess with Texas Trash Off in Midland which was close to double

the participants from last year.30

Parks and

Recreation

Division – The

City of Midland

includes 31

29 (Keep Midland Beautiful Staff)30 (Thurber, 2008)

26


neighborhood parks, 4 specialty parks, 4 community

parks, 1 metropolitan park, and 1 regional park totaling

1,172 acres of land.31 The division is charged with maintaining quality recreational

facilities and programs designed to meet the needs of Midlanders.

H-E-B – A Texas based grocery

store and a favorite in Midland

for providing quality food and

services. H-E-B, since its

inception, has been dedicated to

its commitment and

involvement in the community.

The grocery chain assists in

community programs like Feast of

Sharing Holiday Dinners,

H-E-B Food Bank Assistance Program, United Way, and the Spirit of H-E-B Trailer. H-E-B

also believes in helping the environment and promotes the concept of reduce, reuse,

recycle. The company offers E-85 fuel (85% ethanol) to its consumers along the IH-35

corridor, large Texas cities, and will be making it available to more in the future.32 One of

the biggest factors in local sustainability is that H-E-B offers local goods and produce when

available thus helping the local economy.

31 (City of Midland, 2006)32 (H.E. Butt Grocery Company, 2001-2007)

27

Figure 19 - H-E-B, Midland, TX, taken by author, April 2008


EZRider – The Midland-Odessa Urban Transit District provides public transportation with

fixed-route bus service and ADA curb-to-curb service within the urbanized area of both

cities.33 The transit system allows more people to move about the city and promotes the

reduction of air pollution.

RECOMMENDATION OF NEW RESOURCES

Sustainability is a practice in economic growth that sustains a given condition

without depleting natural resources or polluting the environment. Many factors contribute

to the framework of sustainable communities such as waste, energy, water, air, built

environment, land use, transportation, agriculture, economy, fiscal management, economic

development, purchasing, utilization of assets, innovation, equity, education, health and

wellness, quality of life, cultural competence, safety and security, spirituality, and

philanthropy.34 In order for a community to sustain itself over time, it must think to the

future and practice whole-heartedly sustainable methods. As seen above, Midland is well

on its way to being a sustainable community in many ways. Community economics and

development is organized into programs and departments which strive for a better future

for the city. Many philanthropic organizations participate in bettering the community.

Public transportation is offered in all urban areas. The Master Plan 2025 calls for

revitalization and use of existing resources, a pedestrian friendly city, and beautification,

among others. Though Midland has made great strides in becoming a sustainable

33 (EZRider staff)34 (Community Sustainability Partnership, 2006-2008)

28


community, it still could not officially be called sustainable. We, the citizens of Midland and

its city officials, still have a long road ahead to achieve such an honor. Below, I have made a

few recommendations that would push the community farther along the road to

environmentally sustainable.

Green Communities – Enterprise works with communities to develop low-income housing

for Americans and helps provide financing and expertise to community developers.

Through Enterprise’s Green Communities program, planners and developers are taught to

incorporate environmentally friendly building techniques in building low-income housing

while using sustainable materials, reducing negative environmental impacts and increase

energy efficiency. Green Communities focus on designs that promote the health and well-

being of residents as well as locations that provide easy access to services and public

transportation. Some of the benefits of going green include healthier homes and

communities, lower energy and water costs, a stronger environment and more sustainable

cities for the future.

Green Communities offers training and events to further knowledge of applying for

funding, new building techniques, and many other sustainable subjects. Online training is

available to anyone and can register twenty minutes before a course. The training provides

steps and examples on how to make living habitats healthier, more sustainable, and how to

conserve natural resources.

Enterprise Community Investment offers Low-Income Housing Tax Credit equality

to both non-profit and for-profit developers of rental housing that generally adheres to the

29


Green Communities Criteria. Loans are also available for early predevelopment,

predevelopment, acquisition, and construction. Planning and construction grants and

charrettes grants are also available through Enterprise Community Investment.35

It is my recommendation that the City of Midland strive to become a Green

Community. According to Vicky Hailey, City Councilwoman, District Two needs more

development of low-income housing36. If building techniques were centered on the Green

Communities Criteria, the quality of life could improve in that area. Not only would it

benefit specific areas of the city, but it would increase knowledge of the benefits of an

environmentally friendly community.

Local Government Commission – The Local Government Commission, based in California,

is a non-profit organization that assists local governments in providing a healthier human

and natural environment, a more sustainable economy, an actively engaged populace, and

an equitable society. The LGC also assists the local government in developing and

implementing policies and programs that help establish these elements of livable

communities. The LGC provides customized assistance in education and training for local

officials on training staff, presentations, renewable energy, and other environmental issues.

Policy development assistance is also offered in the areas of housing policies, design

guidelines, street design and standards, non-motorized transportation policies and

measures for achieving energy efficiency and renewable energy generation.37

35 (Enterprise, 2008)36 (Hailey, 2008)37 (Local Government Commission, 2004-2008)

30


I recommend that Midland become a member of the Local Government Commission

to further educate the city’s officials and planners so that more sustainable features are

incorporated into the design and development of the City of Midland.

Figure 20 - Sweetwater Wind Project, Phase 2, Sweetwater, TX, taken by WD Watson, 2005

Green Power – Green power refers to electricity supplied in whole or in part from

renewable energy sources, such as wind power. The Texas Wind Industry has been

booming for several years now and shows no sign of stopping anytime soon. In 1994, wind

turbines generated approximately 4 billion kWh of electricity worldwide. In 2007, Texas

had over 3,500 megawatts of wind capacity. Wind turbines create low-cost electricity and

have less impact on air pollution and green-house gasses than from coal-fired power

31


plants. Wind turbines are modular and can be installed rapidly with minimal impact to the

local environment.38

It is my recommendation that the City of Midland educates and promotes the usage

of electric companies that provide renewable energy electricity and offer incentives for

those who utilize them.

REPRESENTATION OF RECOMMENDATIONS

Green Communities

Azotea Senior Apartments in

Alamogordo, New Mexico, was developed by

Tierra Realty Trust & Golden Spread Rural

Frontier Coalition. It offers 14 one- and two-

story buildings containing 60 units set aside

for senior households over the age of 62.

Fully accessible and handicapped units are

available in the complex. The style of the apartments is 1950’s modern stucco and

designed for neighbor interaction. Landscaping utilizes local and native foliage and is

designed to harvest rainwater from the roofs for irrigation. The complex is partnered with

the Alamogordo Senior Center to provide transportation to and from the center and

provide other services to the residents such as Meals on Wheels, housekeeping assistance,

38 (State Energy Conservation Office)

32

Figure 21 - Azotea Senior Apartments, http://www.greencommunitiesonline.org/projects/profiles/Azotea2006.pdf

Figure 23 – Spring Terrace, showing 18-kilowatt photovoltaic array,

http://enterprisecommunity.buildinggreen.com/overview.cfm?ProjectID=875


fitness classes, and a variety of other activities. No fees are charged to the residents for

these services. 39

Spring Terrace in Austin,

Texas, provides rental units for

recently homeless or low-income

single adults. It is a 3-story building

that was renovated to provide 140

efficiency apartments. Case

managers are on sight to help with

employment services, health care,

and counseling. The building team

added an 18-kilowatt photovoltaic system, which is expected to provide 3% of the

building’s electricity and a solar hot-water system that provides 21% of the hot water used

in the building.40 Use of Energy Star-rated refrigerators and freezers was also incorporated

to help with energy efficiency. The site is

located in the northeastern part of

Austin in the St. John neighborhood

which contains a mix of residential and

commercial development.

Local Government Commission

39 (GreenCommunities, 2008)40 (Enterprise, 2008)

33

Figure 22 - Spring Terrace, showing rainwater cistern, http://enterprisecommunity.buildinggreen.com/overview.cfm?ProjectID=875

Figure 24 - Addison Circle, Addison, Texas, http://www.nctcog.org/trans/sustdev/landuse/examples/Addison%203.jpg


Addison Circle in Addison, Texas, is a prime example of a LGC project. Addison, 14

miles north of Dallas, Texas, is

surrounded by freeways and connector

roads, but feels peacefully isolated within

the 70 acre site. Addison Circle was

developed to balance commercial

development with a new high-quality

urban development, including 3,000 residences. The program called for a place that one

could work, live, play, and stay that featured a pedestrian friendly, mixed-use environment.

The plan created a new zoning classification for the district and revised building codes to

allow for construction of an urban district in a distinctly suburban area. Two distinct

districts were created to keep the area pedestrian friendly. One consists of the

neighborhood area with high-rise housing, retail, parks and community services. The

commercial district includes high-density offices, hotel, retail and residential development.

The streets are wide to allow for more pedestrian traffic and are lined with landscaping to

provide a comfortable urban experience.41

Green Power

41 (Local Government Commission, 2004-2007)

34


At this time, the State of Texas does not offer any incentives on an individual basis

for use of renewable energy; however, they do offer federal and state incentives to

corporations to help reduce the up-front cost of purchasing renewable energy systems.

Businesses that use or manufacture or install wind energy generators can receive franchise

tax deductions and/or exemptions.42 Because there is no precedence for a community

offering individual incentives for the use of renewable resources, now is the time for

Midland to step up and be a leader and example for other Texas communities to follow. By

educating the masses on the positive environmental aspects and the economical benefits of

using local wind energy, Midland would be well on its way of becoming a sustainable

community.

PROCESS FOR IMPLEMENTATION

Green Communities – In order to become a Green Community, the city officials and

decision makers need to be trained in the Green Communities Criteria by participating in

the online training and events that are proffered. From there, development projects need

to be established according to the Criteria which is aligned with the LEED (Leadership in

Energy and Environment Design) and includes the following:

Integrated Design

Site, Location and Neighborhood Fabric

Site Improvements

Water conservation

42 (State Energy Conservation Office)

35


Energy Efficient

Materials Beneficial to the Environment

Healthy Living Environment

Operations and Maintenance

Once a project program is established, then application for funding can be requested

through Monica Gonzalez at the Texas Office of Enterprise Community Investment at

210.225.6969. Once the project is finished and the community sees the benefits of being

environmentally friendly, then more and more projects can be developed, if not through

Green Communities then through other such organizations.

Local Government Commission – The City of Midland and other community planners and

designers can join the Local Government Commission by filling out the membership form

and sending in the dues payment to:

Local Government Commission1303 J. Street, Ste. 250Sacramento, CA 95814Ph: 916.448.1198, fax: 916.448.8246

Membership levels and dues are as follows:

Agency Membership: $600 annual duesFor Cities, Counties, and Special Districts. Entitles up to 10 elected officials and key staff to membership benefits.

Individual Membership: $125 annual duesFor Local Elected Officials

Associate Membership: $75 annual duesFor Government Staff, Planners, Architects, Community LeadersRetired Membership: $50 annual duesFor Former Local Elected Officials

36


Green Power – Implementation of wind energy into local practice would comprise the

following:

Lead by example – municipal buildings should relegate 75% of their energy

resources to local wind energy

Promote wind energy through marketing techniques

Create incentives for individuals and local businesses that choose electric

programs which use wind energy

Educate the public on the environmental and economical benefits of wind

energy through radio and television advertising

37

Part 2 – Conclusion

The City of Midland has weathered many recessions, the Great Depression, and

numerous oil crunches and has always come out on top. City officials are working hard to

diversify the community and be less dependent upon the oil industry. The comprehensive

plan for the future of Midland projects a stable economy, a community based city, and a hub

of both industrial and social activities. But in order for the city to be a lasting community, it

needs to adopt more sustainable techniques in its community design and development.

Midland is a great community, and with a little help, it will be even better and will continue

to grow and prosper for our children’s children and beyond.

38

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Documents

Table of Contents - Texas Tech University College of … · Web viewFigure 16 – Wall Towers West building, Wall Street, taken by author April, 2008 IDENTIFICATION OF EXISTING SUSTAINABLE