Table Appendix 1: Excluded studies with reason · Table Appendix 1: Excluded studies with reason 1 Study Reason Abbadi, 2001[1] 4 Abbas, 2008 [2] 2 Abercrombie, 1993[3] 4 Adams, 2001

Table Appendix 1: Excluded studies with reason

1

Study Reason

Abbadi, 2001[1] 4

Abbas, 2008 [2] 2

Abercrombie, 1993[3] 4

Adams, 2001 [4] 1

Agarwal, 2005 [5] 2

Alakeson, 2010 [6] 7

Alam, 2011 [7] 4

Alam, 2011 [8] 3

Alexander-Bratcher, 2007 [9] 4

Allison and Porter, 2004 [10] 7

Al-Shaqsi, 2010 [11] 4

Alvarez, 2006 [12] 2

Ammar, 2002 [13] 10

Amnis, 2011 [14] 4

Anderson, 1995 [15] 1

Anderson, 2000 [16] 4

Anderton, 2009 [17] 2

Andrus, 2003 [18] 4

Anonymous (NHS), 2010 [19] 7

Anonymous (DH and HPA), 2008 [20] 7

Anonymous (DH and NHS), 2008 [21] 7

Anonymous (DH), 2003 [22] 7















Anonymous (Eds), 2009 [37] 7

Anonymous (Eds), 2010 [38] 1

Anonymous (Eds.), 1995 [39] 3




2

Study Reason











































3

Study Reason

Anonymous (Eds.), 2012 (access) [83] 4





Anonymous (HoC), 2009 [88] 7






Anonymous (NAO), 2004 [94] 7


Anonymous (NaO), 2009 [96] 1


















Anonymous (NHS), 2009[114] 7











4

Study Reason

















Anonymous (NICE), 2010 [140] 4

Anonymous (ScotGov), 2003 [141] 1






Anonymous (WHO), 2008 [147] 1




Anonymous, 1989 [151] 4

Anonymous, 1996 [152] 4

Anonymous, 1998 [153] 3

Anonymous, 1998 [154] 7

Anonymous, 1999 [155] 2

Anonymous, 2000 [156] 2

Anonymous, 2000 [157] 2

Anonymous, 2001 [158] 4

Anonymous, 2001 [159] 4

Anonymous, 2001 [160] 2

Anonymous, 2002 [161] 4

Anonymous, 2002 [162] 3

Anonymous, 2002 [163] 10

Anonymous, 2003 [164] 2


5

Study Reason

Anonymous, 2003 [165] 2

Anonymous, 2003 [166] 1

Anonymous, 2004 [167] 2

Anonymous, 2004 [168] 4

Anonymous, 2004 [169] 4

Anonymous, 2004 [170] 7

Anonymous, 2006 [171] 7

Anonymous, 2006 [172] 4

Anonymous, 2006 [173] 4

Anonymous, 2006 [174] 4

Anonymous, 2007 [175] 4

Anonymous, 2007 [176] 5

Anonymous, 2008 [177] 7

Anonymous, 2008 [178] 4

Anonymous, 2008 [179] 4

Anonymous, 2008 [180] 7

Anonymous, 2008 [181] 7

Anonymous, 2008 [182] 1

Anonymous, 2008 [183] 4

Anonymous, 2008 [184] 7

Anonymous, 2009 [185] 7

Anonymous, 2009 [186] 7

Anonymous, 2009 [187] 7

Anonymous, 2009 [188] 4

Anonymous, 2009 [189] 5

Anonymous, 2009 [190] 4

Anonymous, 2009 [191] 7

Anonymous, 2009 [192] 7

Anonymous, 2009 [193] 1

Anonymous, 2010 [194] 4

Anonymous, 2010 [195] 7

Anonymous, 2010 [196] 2

Anonymous, 2010 [197] 7

Anonymous, 2010 [198] 7

Anonymous, 2010 [199] 7

Anonymous, 2010 [200] 7

Anonymous, 2010 [201] 4

Anonymous, 2010 [202] 4

Anonymous, 2010 [203] 1

Anonymous, 2010 [204] 7

Anonymous, 2010 [205] 3


6

Study Reason

Anonymous, 2010 [206] 7

Anonymous, 2010 [207] 7

Anonymous, 2010 [208] 3

Anonymous, 2010 [209] 3

Anonymous, 2010 [210] 1

Anonymous, 2010 [211] 1

Anonymous, 2011 [212] 1

Anonymous, 2011 [213] 2

Anonymous, 2011 [214] 1

Anonymous, 2011 [215] 7

Anonymous, 2011 [216] 1

Argent, 2010 [217] 4

Aronson, 2010 [218] 4

Arthur, 2008 [219] 4

Arvanitoyannis, 2008 [220] 1

Asaeda, 2011 [221] 2

Asakawa, 2001 [222] 2

Atzpodien, 1996 [223] 2

Au, 2010 [224] 7

Augustine, 1998 [225] 4

Augustine, 2005 [226] 4

Augustine, 2007 [227] 4

Augustine, 2007 [228] 4

Augustine, 2007 [229] 2

Augustine, 2009 [230] 1

Augustine, 2010 [231] 1

Backes, 1986 [232] 1

Baird, 2004 [233] 2

Ballard, 2004 [234] 4

Banks, 2006 [235] 1

Barishansky, 2004 [236] 1



Baskett, 1994 [239] 1

Batalingaya, 2002 [240] 1

Batchelor, 2009 [241] 3

Bates, 2009 [242] 4

Baxter, 1997 [243] 4

Becker, 2007 [244] 2

Beckerman, 1997 [245] 1

Beckerman, 1997 [246] 4


7

Study Reason

Beckerman, 2003 [247] 4

Beeman, 2008 [248] 4

Beggan, 2001 [249] 1

Bellazzini, 2008 [250] 1

Bennett, 2000 [251] 1

Berg et al., 1994 [252] 1

Berger, 2007 [253] 3

Bergmo, 2009 [254] 2

Berkow, 2004 [255] 2

Berstein, 2008 [256] 1

Bertocci, 2010 [257] 4

Bhanji, 2011 [258] 7

Bilukha, 2003 [259] 1

Bing-Wen, 2002 [260] 1

Birlik, 2009 [261] 3

Biros, 2003 [262] 4

Bitterman, 2007 [263] 2

Blacker, 2007 [264] 3

Blackledge et al., 2006 [265] 2

Blanda, 2003 [266] 4

Bleetman, 2009 [267] 4

Blevins, 2004 [268] 4

Bloom, 2002 [269] 4

Blumen, 2002 [270] 1

Boe et al., 2001 [271] 7

Boersma, 1995 [272] 9

Boivin, 1997 [273] 1

Bolton, 2007 [274] 1

Boncinelli, 1991 [275] 8

Boorman, 2009 [276] 1

Bounes, 2009 [277] 7

Bourn 2007 [278] 7

Bourn, 2004 [279] 1

Bowers, 1999 [280] 1

Bowler, 2006 [281] 2

Boyd, 1990 [282] 4

Boyle, 1998 [283] 1

Boyle, 2011 [284] 7

Brackwell, 2008 [285] 7

Bradbeer, 2000 [286] 1

Bradley, 2005 [287] 2


8

Study Reason

Bramstedt, 2002 [288] 4

Brennan, 2002 [289] 1

Brindley, 2009 [290] 4

Bristow, 1991 [291] 4

Brown, 1985 [292] 2

Bruce, 2003 [293] 4

Bruyninckx et al., 2008 [294] 2

Bruzzone, 2002 [295] 1

Burke, 2003 [296] 3

Burn, 2008 [297] 1

Cabridain, 1985 [298] 4

Caldicot, 2002 [299] 7

Callaham, 1991 [300] 3

Callaham, 2011 [301] 1

Cameron, 2002 [302] 1

Cappato, 2004 [303] 3

Car et al., 2011 [304] 1

Castillo, 2010 [305] 7

Catlett, 2002 [306] 4

Cayten, 1999 [307] 7

Challen et al., 2011 [308] 2

Chamberlain, 2005 [309] 2

Chang, 2002 [310] 7

Chartrand, 2009 [311] 4

Cheeseman, 2009 [312] 4

Chen, 1997 [313] 2

Chen, 2002 [314] 2

Chen, 2002 [315] 4

Cheney, 2005 [316] 3

Cheremisinoff, 2001 [317] 1

Cherry, 2010 [318] 2

Chevallet, 2002 [319] 2

Chiarugi, 2003 [320] 9

Chivers, 1998 [321] 4

Chotani, 2002 [322] 1

Chung, 2002 [323] 1

Churchill, 2010 [324] 7

Cimolino, 2001 [325] 4

Clancy, 2006 [326] 2

Clancy, 2008 [327] 1

Clark, 2001 [328] 4


9

Study Reason

Clark, 2003 [329] 2

Clark, 2010 [330] 1

Clark, 2011 [331] 4

Clark, 2011 [332] 1

Clemmer, 2000 [333] 4

Clough, 2009 [334] 4

Coeytaux, 2010 [335] 2

Coghlan , 2006 [336] 7

Cohen, 2002 [337] 2

Cohen, 2008 [338] 2

Coleman, 2009 [339] 1

Cone, 2007 [340] 4

Connell, 1998 [341] 1

Counselman et al., 2010 [342] 2

Cox, 1993 [343] 5

Craven, 1992 [344] 4

Crawford, 2002 [345] 3

Criss, 2008 [346] 1

Criss, 2008 [347] 4

Cronin, 2006 [348] 2

Cross, 2003 [349] 7

Crossman et al., 2009 [350] 4

Curry et al., 2010 [351] 7

Curry, 1996 [352] 9

Curtis, 2008 [353] 2

Cutchis, 2002 [354] 1

Davidson, 2000 [355] 4

Davies et al., 2011 [356] 7

Davis, 2009 [357] 7

De Lorenzo, 1996 [358] 4

Dees, 2010 [359] 3

Degnan, 2006 [360] 3

Dellborg, 2012 [361] 4

Demmons, 2005 [362] 1

Dernoceur, 2000 [363] 4

Dick, 2005 [364] 1

Dick, 2011 [365] 1

Dixon, 2010 [366] 7

Dobbie, 2007 [367] 4

Dodd, 1991 [368] 1

Doyle, 1999 [369] 4


10

Study Reason

Drew et al., 2004 [370] 6

Drummond et al., 2005 [371] 7

Duckett, 2010 [372] 1

Dunbar, 2005 [373] 2

Dykes et al., 2009 [374] 2

Dyson et al., 2002 [375] 7

Easter, 2008 [376] 1

Eburn, 2010 [377] 4

Edwardson, 2002 [378] 4

Eis et al., 1995 [379] 1

Engum, 2000 [380] 2

Erich , 2002 [381] 4

Erich, 2005 [382] 1

Erich, 2007 [383] 4

Erich, 2010 [384] 5

Estner, 2002 [385] 7

Evans, 2009 [386] 4

Facey, 2010 [387] 1

Fairbanks et al., 2007 [388] 4

Fallat, 2007 [389] 1

Fang, 2008 [390] 7

Federal Communications Comission [391] 1

Feiner, 1995 [392] 4

Fernandes et al., 2010 [393] 2

Fertel, 2002 [394] 4

Firanescu et al., 2005 [395] 4

Fitch, 2011 [396] 4

Fitzgerald, 2010 [397] 2

Fitzpatrick et al., 2008 [398] 2

Fitzpatrick, 2003 [399] 2

Fitzsimons, 2010 [400] 1

Fjar, 2002 [401] 1

Flodgren, 2011 [402] 7

Flomenbaum, 2007 [403] 2

Flory, 2010 [404] 7

Flynn, 2008 [405] 1

Fonne, 2000 [406] 4

Foot, 2001 [407] 7

Foot, 2009 [408] 7

Forry, 1992 [409] 4

Forseman-Capuzzi, 2011 [410] 4


11

Study Reason

Forsstroem, 1997 [411] 7

Fortin, 1996 [412] 4

Fourie, 2002 [413] 1

Frakes, 2003 [414] 2

Frakes, 2009 [415] 1

Frazer, 2001 [416] 1

Frazer, 2006 [417] 4

Frazer, 2008 [418] 1

French, 2001 [419] 4

Friendship, 2004 [420] 1

Fromm et al., 2000 [421] 4

Furness et al., 2009 [422] 4

Furness, 2009 [423] 4

Gabbott et al., 2005 [424] 9

Gadon, 2006 [425] 2

Gaiser, 2000 [426] 1

Gaitini, 2011 [427] 2

Gale, 2005 [428] 1

Gallagher et al., 2008 [429] 4

Gandy, 2004 [430] 4

Gandy, 2011 [431] 3

Garcia, 2006 [432] 2

Garcia, 2011 [433] 4

Garpenby, 1999 [434] 1

Garrett, 2011 [435] 7

Gausche et al., 1999 [436] 4

Gausche-Hill et al, 2000 [437] 6

Gausche-Hill, 2006 [438] 7

Gebbie, 2002 [439] 7

Geelen-Baass, 2007 [440] 1

Geidl et al., 2011 [441] 1

Georges et al., 2009 [442] 1

Georges, 2009 [443] 1

Gershon, 2002 [444] 7

Gershon, 2002 [445] 1

Geyer, 2000 [446] 4

Gibson, 2010 [447] 2

Gilboy, 2007 [448] 2

Gillespie, 2008 [449] 1

Gillies et al., 2010 [450] 2

Giordano, 2010 [451] 7


12

Study Reason

Glarum, 2010 [452] 2

Goldhaber, 1991 [453] 4

Goldmann, 2005 [454] 2

Gomez et al., 2008 [455] 7

Gorvin, 1988 [456] 4

Gould et al., 2010 [457] 2

Govindaraju, 2001 [458] 4

Greb, 2010 [459] 7

Grevstad, 2009 [460] 2

Gropper et al., 2004 [461] 2

Gryniuk, 2003 [462] 1

Gupta, 1998 [463] 2

Gurm, 2008 [464] 7

Guyette 2009 [465] 4

Gwinn, 2003 [466] 4

Habler, 1997 [467] 4

Haff, 2007 [468] 4

Hafter, 2002 [469] 4

Hagberg 1994 [470] 1

Hague, 2010 [471] 4

Hains, 2011 [472] 1

Hajjar, 1998 [473] 1

Hall, 2008 [474] 4

Hall, 2008 [475] 4

Hallstrom, 2010 [476] 4

Hankins D., 2011 [477] 4

Harding, 2002 [478] 4

Hart, 2011 [479] 4

Hearvin, 2009 [480] 4

Hedlund, 1984 [481] 1

Heidrich, 2009 [482] 2

Heightman, 2004 [483] 4

Heightman, 2005 [484] 1

Hemmerling, 2007 [485] 1

Henderson, 2009 [486] 4

Herm, 2007 [487] 3

Hertelendy, 2002 [488] 4

Hertzum, 2010 [489] 2

Higgins, 2000 [490] 2

Higgins, 2001 [491] 1

Hignett, 2009 [492] 3


13

Study Reason

Hignett, 2009 [493] 1

Hill, 2007 [494] 2

Hill, 2009 [495] 7

Hilson, 2002 [496] 1

Hilson, 2003 [497] 1

Hirabayashi, 2008 [498] 2

Hobgood, 2000 [499] 3

Hobgood, 2004 [500] 2

Hobgood, 2011 [501] 3

Hockberger, 2005 [502] 2

Hoffman, 1992 [503] 1

Hogan, 2008 [504] 4

Hohenstein, 2007 [505] 4

Holden, 2010 [506] 7

Holleran, 2005 [507] 1

Holliman, 1992 [508] 4

Hon, 2008 [509] 2

Hood, 2002 [510] 2

Hopmeier, 2002 [511] 1

Horton, 1994 [512] 3

Hoskins 2009 [513] 1

Houghland, 2010 [514] 2

Hoyle, 2011 [515] 4

Hu, 2006 [516] 6

Huda, 2002 [517] 1

Hueter, 2009 [518] 3

Hughes, 2002 [519] 2

Hunt, 2008 [520] 7

Husband, 2005 [521] 1

Hutchings, 2009 [522] 1

Iedema, 2006 [523] 2

Iedema, 2006 [524] 2

Iremonger [525] 7

Iserson, 1995 [526] 4

Iserson, 2006 [527] 4

Itani, 2003 [528] 4

Jacob, 2006 [529] 1

Jacobson, 2000 [530] 4

Jagim, 2007 [531] 8

Jakubowsky et al., 2007 [532] 1

Jallon, 2011 [533] 1


14

Study Reason

Jarvis, 2001 [534] 4

Javitt, 2008 [535] 2

Jensen, 2009 [536] 6

Johannigman, 2009 [537] retracted

Johnson, 1992 [538] 4

Johnson, 1994 [539] 7

Johnson, 2003 [540] 7

Johnson, 2011 [541] 2

Jones, 1991 [542] 4

Jones, 2005 [543] 1

Jorgensen, 2008 [544] 4

Judge, 2005 [545] 4

Junglas, 2009 [546] 7

Kahvezi, 2012 [547] 2

Kannampallil, 2011 [548] 7

Kantayya, 2010 [549] 2

Kaplan, 2010 [550] 2

Karagiannis, 2010 [551] 1

Karapetrovic, 2009 [552] 1

Kashuk, 2009 [553] 4

Kawago, 2011 [554] 7

Keating, 2005 [555] 4

Keegan, 2006 [556] 1

Kelley, 2001 [557] 1

Kelly, 2002 [558] 1

Keriel-Gascou, 2011 [559] 7

Kessler, 2010 [560] 2

Khorram-Manesh, 2009 [561] 2

Kim, 2002 [562] 1

Kim, 2010 [563] 1

King, 2004 [564] 4

Kipor, 2002 [565] 1

Kirmani, 2005 [566] 1

Kitchiner, 2006 [567] 1

Kivi, 2002 [568] 4

Kleinschmidt, 1997 [569] 2

Knor, 2004 [570] 4

Koita, 2010 [571] 2

Kokai, 1997 [572] 1

Koppel et al., 2008 [573] 4

Korol, 1995 [574] 4


15

Study Reason

Koschel, 2001 [575] 4

Koskela, 2011 [576] 1

Kourniotis, 2001 [577] 1

Kovacs, 2000 [578] 3

Kozer et al., 2002 [579] 2

Koziol, 2000 [580] 7

Krausmann, 2010 [581] 1

Kumar, 1998 [582] 1

Kumar, 2002 [583] 1

Kuusniemi, 2011 [584] 4

Kyle, 2008 [585] 4

Kynman, 1997 [586] 7

Labkoff, 2007 [587] 7

Lagodimos, 2007 [588] 1

Lamb, 1989 [589] 1

Lambie et al., 2004 [590] 1

Landeweerd, 1996 [591] 3

Larsson, 1996 [592] 3

Lasasalle, 2009 [593] 7

Lataief, 2005 [594] 2

Laurie,, 1992 [595] 7

Lavery, 2008 [596] 4

Leather, 2010 [597] 1

Lee, 2007 [598] 1

Lee, 2009 [599] 1

Leegon, 2007 [600] 2

Legido-Quiley et al., 2008 [601] 7

Lenehang, 2005 [602] 2

Leong, 2002 [603] 7

Leong, 2005 [604] 7

Lepik, 2008 [605] 7

Levick, 2002 [606] 7

Levick, 2008 [607] 4

Levitan, 2000 [608] 7

Levy, 2006 [609] 3

Lewis, 1999 [610] 2

Liao, 2002 [611] 4

Lilford, 2004 [612] 2

Lin, 2008 [613] 2

Linder, 2001 [614] 4

Linwood, 2007 [615] 4


16

Study Reason

Lopez-Herce, 2011 [616] 4

Lorenz, 2009 [617] 2

Lott, 2009 [618] 7

Lowes, 2005 [619] 4

Lubitz, 2008 [620] 4

Ludwig, 2001 [621] 4

Lufinha, 2005 [622] 1

Luppa, 2011 [623] 7

Luten, 1999 [624] 2

Lyden, 1999 [625] 2

Lyle, 2009 [626] 4

Mace, 2008 [627] 4

Mackenzie, 2008 [628] 6

Mackersie, 2010 [629] 4

MacLeod, 2004 [630] 4

Madden, 2007 [631] 2

Magnussen et al., 2009 [632] 7

Maguire, 2005 [633] 2

Mahesh, 1996 [634] 1

Mahowald, 1996 [635] 1

Malamed. 2009 [636] 7

Maloney, 2002 [637] 7

Maloney, 2002 [638] 4

Malstroem, 2002 [639] 7

Maltezou, 2011 [640] 3

Man, 29010 [641] 2

Mandt, 2007 [642] 4

Maniscalco, 1998 [643] 4

Manser, 2011 [644] 1

Manson, 2011 [645] 7

Manwaruing, 1998 [646] 1

Marazza, 2010 [647] 1

Marcus, 2009 [648] 2

Margheri, 2001 [649] 2

Marhavilas, 2011 [650] 1

Marimon, 2011 [651] 1

Mark, 2007 [652] 1

Markenson, 2009 [653] 4

Martens, 2001 [654] 9

Martin, 1996 [655] 1

Martin, 2011 [656] 4


17

Study Reason

Martini, 2004 [657] 2

Marx (Eds.), 1989 [658] 1

Mast, 1998 [659] 4

Mataria, 2009 [660] 4

Maxatadze, 2002 [661] 10

Mayfield, 1996 [662] 3

Mayville, 2011 [663] 4

Mazighi, 2010 [664] 4

McAdams, 1998 [665] 4

McCabe, 2008 [666] 2

McCarthy, 2009 [667] 1

McCay, 2009 [668] 1

McDaid, 2008 [669] 7

McDaniel-Hohenhaus, 2003 [670] 4

McDonald, 2006 [671] 3

McDonald, 2010 [672] 7

McDonnell, 2007 [673] 2

McFee, 2009 [674] 4

McGovern, 1988 [675] 4

McGuinness, 2010 [676] 1

McKee, 1992 [677] 2

McKenzie, 2000 [678] 4

McNutt, 2002 [679] 4

Melton, 2011 [680] 4

Menegazzi, 2001 [681] 5

Messahel, 2004 [682] 1

Metcalfe, 2010 [683] 4

Metzger, 2009 [684] 4

Mika, 2000 [685] 4

Millard, 2007 [686] 2

Miller, 2004 [687] 4

Mireles, 2005 [688] 4

Mirza, 2007 [689] 6

Mitchell, 2009 [690] 4

Mlott, 2003 [691] 4

Montgomery, 2008 [692] 2

Moon, 1994 [693] 1

Moore, 2009 [694] 1

Morrow, 2002 [695] 1

Morse, 2002 [696] 4

Mosca, 2002 [697] 3


18

Study Reason

Moskop, 2006 [698] 2

Moskop, 2009 [699] 2

Motoyama, 2006 [700] 2

Mulligan, 2011 [701] 4

Murata, 2012 [702] 1

Murlidhar, 2002 [703] 2

Murphy, 1998 [704] 4

Murray-Davies, 2011 [705] 2

Muscarella, 2007 [706] 4

Nakano, 2002 [707] 7

Nakaya, 2010 [708] 1

Nelson, 2007 [709] 3

Nelwan, 2004 [710] 9

Newgard, 2005 [711] 1

Newgard, 2005 [712] 1

Nguyen, 2009 [713] 3

NICE, 2010 [714] 7

Nichols, 2002 [715] 4

Niederle, 2002 [716] 2

Nielsen, 1999 [717] 4

Nikus, 2009 [718] 1

Nishimoto, 2002 [719] 4

Noble, 2002 [720] 4

Noble, 2002 [721] 4

Noble, 2002 [722] 1

Nolan, 2010 [723] 4

Nolan, 2011 [724] 4

Nolte et al., 2011 [725] 1

Nowak, 2011 [726] 2

Nunez, 1989 [727] 4

O’Byrne, 2008 [728] 7

O’Connor, 2002 [729] 4

O’Drsicoll, 2008 [730] 7

Ofori, 2002 [731] 1

Ohashi, 2002 [732] 4

Ohta, 2004 [733] 4

Olia, 2001 [734] 1

Olola, 2011 [735] 2

Olshaker, 2009 [736] 4

Oluwadiya, 2005 [737] 4

Ong, 2009 [738] 2


19

Study Reason

Ornato, 2012 [739] 2

Osborn, 1984 [740] 9

Oster, 2000 [741] 3

Otteni, 1994 [742] 2

Padma, 2011 [743] 2

Pagan, 2001 [744] 2

Pandor, 2011 [745] 2

Paradis, 2010 [746] 5

Paradis, 2010 [747] 6

Parr, 2008 [748] 4

Parsons, 2011 [749] 1

Patel, 2009 [750] 2

Patterson et al., 2010 [751] 3

Patterson, 2010 [752] 7

Patterson, 2010 [753] 2

Patterson, 2010 [754] 3

Peach, 2011 [755] 2

Pearce, 2002 [756] 2

Peberdy, 2006 [757] 3

Perez, 2010 [758] 1

Perhats, 2008 [759] 4

Perina, 2011 [760] 7

Perkins, 2007 [761] 7

Phillips, 1998 [762] 2

Phillips, 2011 [763] 4

Pichon, 2007 [764] 1

Pierce, 2003 [765] 1

Plani, 2008 [766] 4

Pocock, 2011 [767] 7

Pocock, 2011 [768] 2

Polinder, 2012 [769] 2

Pollack, 2005 [770] 4

Popivic, 2003 [771] 1

Porter, 1985 [772] 4

Porter, 2009 [773] 1

Porter, 2010 [774] 7

Post, 1993 [775] 4

Powell, 2008 [776] 1

Powell, 2009 [777] 1

Pozzi, 1991 [778] 4

Pratt, 2007 [779] 4


20

Study Reason

Preobrazhensky, 2002 [780] 2

Pronovost, 2003 [781] 2

Proudfoot, 2007 [782] 3

Pullen, 2008 [783] 2

Pyne, 2008 [784] 4

Quattrini, 2011 [785] 2

Quinn, 2007 [786] 2

Raleigh, 2010 [787] 7

Rall, 2008 [788] 4

Rateau, 2011 [789] 2

Raveeb, 2011 [790] 4

Rea and Plorde, 2003 [791] 5

Ream, 2000 [792] 4

Rebmann, 2008 [793] 4

Rebmann, 2009 [794] 7

Rebuge, 2012 [795] 2

Ren-Da, 2002 [796] 4

Reschreiter, 2006 [797] 2

Resnic, 2006 [798] 2

Reyes, 2008 [799] 3

Rhodes, 2008 [800] 2

Richards, 2010 [801] 7

Ridley, 2004 [802] 4

Riegel, 2006 [803] 1

Ripanu, 1998 [804] 4

Roberts, 1997 [805] 3

Roberts, 2001 [806] 1

Robertson-Steel, 2001 [807] 4

Robinson, 1996 [808] 4

Robinson, 2002 [809] 4

Roedig, 1998 [810] 4

Rokos, 2010 [811] 2

Romero, 2006 [812] 2

Rondinelli, 2000 [813] 1

Roos, 2004 [814] 4

Rosen, 2008 [815] 4

Ross, 2002 [816] 2

Rubin, 2011 [817] 4

Rueter, 2002 [818] 4

Russo, 2007 [819] 2

Rzepnicki, 2005 [820] 2


21

Study Reason

Sabatine, 2009 [821] 2

Sachdeva, 2009 [822] 7

Sachedina, 2010 [823] 1

Sahdev, 1994 [824] 1

Saiboon, 2011 [825] 1

Saini, 2005 [826] 6

Sakatani, 2007 [827] 1

Salaripour, 2006 [828] 2

Salem, 1996 [829] 4

Salem, 2001 [830] 7

Saltman et al., 2007 [831] 7

Saltman et all., 2002 [832] 7

Salvucci, 2000 [833] 5

Salvucci, 2003 [834] 5

Salvucci, 2006 [835] 5

Salvucci, 2006 [836] 5

Salzherr, 2011 [837] 2

Sampalis, 1996 [838] 4

Sanderson, 1986 [839] 1

Sandhu, 2006 [840] 2

Sandhu, 2011 [841] 4

Santos, 2011 [842] 2

Sarr, 2001 [843] 7

Sasson, 2011 [844] 3

Saurman, 2011 [845] 1

Saxena, 2009 [846] 1

Saxton, 2011 [847] 1

Scarano, 2009 [848] 4

Schafheutle, 2011 [849] 2

Schelper, 2002 [850] 1

Schexnayder, 2011 [851] 4

Schinco, 2002 [852] 1

Schneider, 2010 [853] 2

Schneider, 2011 [854] 1

Schnelle, 2002 [855] 10

Schoefer, 2006 [856] 1

Schrover, 2008 [857] 1

Schultz, 1992 [858] 1

Schwartz, 2011 [859] 7

Schwenk, 2005 [860] 7

Segerstrom, 2005 [861] 4


22

Study Reason

Seigel, 2010 [862] 2

Sekimoto, 2008 [863] 2

Semonin-Holleran, 2008 [864] 1

Semper, 2010 [865] 2

Sennik, 2009 [866] 7

Severin, 2008 [867] 2

Shaban, 2004 [868] 4

Shabetai, 1987 [869] 1

Shah, 2003 [870] 2

Shalit, 2004 [871] 4

Shanaberger, 1989 [872] 4

Sharley, 2002 [873] 1

Sheehy, 1989 [874] 1

Shimizu, 1998 [875] 9

Shin, 2010 [876] 1

Shiring, 2007 [877] 4

Sibbald, 1997 [878] 3

Sibbald, 2001 [879] 2

Sidebotham, 2008 [880] 1

Siff, 2010 [881] 2

Simon, 2011 [882] 1

Simon, 2012 [883] 1

Simpson, 2008 [884] 2

Sirbaugh, 2002 [885] 2

Sklar, 2008 [886] 2

Skouloudis, 2010 [887] 1

Slabbert, 2011 [888] 7

Slaven, 1995 [889] 4

Sloance, 2003 [890] 2

Small, 2007 [891] 7

Smit, 1995 [892] 2

Smith et al., 2009 [893] 4

Smith, 2000 [894] 4

Smith, 2006 [895] 2

Smith, 2009 [896] 1

Smith, 2010 [897] 4

Snooks, 2009 [898] 5

Solberg, 2003 [899] 2

Solheim, 2011 [900] 2

Somnay, 1996 [901] 1

Soreide, 2005 [902] 4


23

Study Reason

Soufir, 2008 [903] 2

Soufir, 2008 [904] 2

Soulat, 2011 [905] 8

Soyka, 1998 [906] 2

Spector, 1995 [907] 4

Spedding, 2009 [908] 4

Stefanidis, 2010 [909] 7

Stern, 2005 [910] 4

Sterud, 2001 [911] 6

Stewart, 1989 [912] 4

Stewart, 2008 [913] 7

Stewart, 2011 [914] 2

Stillsmoking, 2008 [915] 4

Stoker, 2002 [916] 2

Strange, 2008 [917] 4

Stuart, 2008 [918] 1

Stults, 1987 [919] 9

Subhas, 2011 [920] 4

Sun, 2004 [921] 4

Sun, 2006 [922] 1

Suresh, 2007 [923] 2

Sutherland, 1997 [924] 7

Sutton, 2004, [925] 2

Szucs, 2001 [926] 2

Taheri, 2003 [927] 1

Tam et al., 2003 [928] 1

Telion et al., 2002 [929] 4

Terlaak et al., 2006 [930] 1

Thackery, 2004 [931] 4

Thevenin et al., 2009 [932] 2

Thomas et al., 2002 [933] 7

Thomas et al., 2006 [934] 7

Thomas et al., 2008 [935] 7

Thomas, 2011 [936] 1

Thompson, 2004 [937] 2

Thomsen et al., 2000 [938] 3

Thorby, 2010 [939] 7

Tiah et al., 2005 [940] 3

Tiefenbrunn et al., 1991 [941] 4

Todd, 2008 [942] 4

Touati et al., 2009 [943] 1


24

Study Reason

Trossman, 2006 [944] 3

Trucco et al., 2006 [945] 2

Tsai, 2002 [946] 2

Tsiknakis, 2009 [947] 7

Tzeng et al., 2007 [948] 7

Udaeta et al., 2006 [949] 2

Umble, 2006 [950] 4

Usagawa et al., 2003 [951] 1

Vaillancourt et al., 2011 [952] 6

Valenzuela, 1989 [953] 1

Valenzuela, 1991 [954] 4

Varghese, 2000 [955] 4

Verschoor et al., 1999 [956] 1

Vicente, 2011[957] 7

Vilke, 2004 [958] 4

von Goedecke et al., 2006 [959] 1

Vourvahakis et al., 2002 [960] 7

Wade, 2002 [961] 4

Wagner et al., 2010 [962] 2

Wagner, 1992 [963] 4

Wagner-Berger et al., 2003 [964] 7

Wagner-Berger et al., 2003 [965] 7

Walden et al., 2005 [966] 1

Wall et al., 2008 [967] 2

Wang, 2007 [968] 4

Wang, 2008 [969] 1

Wankhade, 2008 [970] 7

Wankhade, 2011 [971] 1

Watt et al., 2007 [972] 7

Watterson et al., 2011 [973] 1

Webb, 1999 [974] 1

Webster, 2002 [975] 1

Weekes et al., 2011 [976] 7

Weinger et al., 2000 [977] 7

Weinstein, 1998 [978] 4

Weitemeyer, 2001 [979] 1

Welch et al., 2012 [980] 2

Werfel et al., 2002 [981] 4

Werman, 1994 [982] 4

West, 2008 [983] 3

Westbrook, 2007 [984] 7


25

Study Reason

Weydal, 2001 [985] 9

Whately, 1994 [986] 4

White et al., 2012 [987] 2

Whiteley, 2008 [988] 1

WHO 13 Standing Committee, 2005 [989] 7

Widner-Kolberg, 1991 [990] 4

Wik et all., 2012 [991] 9

Willems, 1994 [992] 1

Williams et al., 1999 [993] 4



Williams, 2003 [996] 2

Williams, 2003 [997] 4

Williams, 2007 [998] 1

Williamson, 2011 [999] 1

Willis et al., 2007 [1000] 7

Wilson, 2011 [1001] 2

Wiskow et al., 2010 [1002] 7

Wolfberg, 2011 [1003] 4

Wood, 2008 [1004] 2

Woodhall, 2008 [1005] 2

Worley et al., 2009 [1006] 1

Wretstrand et al., 2010 [1007] 7

Wright et al., 2011 [1008] 1

Wright et all., 2004 [1009] 2

Wrigth, 1991 [1010] 1

Wu et al., 2007 [1011] 7

Wu et al., 2011 [1012] 1

Yearly, 1996 [1013] 1

Youngs, 2008 [1014] 4

Zafar et al., 2010 [1015] 4

Zavod, 2009 [1016] 3

Zeller, et al., 2010 [1017] 2

Zener, 2008 [1018] 2

Zhang et al., 2011 [1019] 3

Zigmont et al., 2011 [1020] 7

Zimmermann, 2006 [1021] 2

Ziv et al. , 2007 [1022] 1

Ziv, 2008 [1023] 4

Zonfrillo, 2003 [1024] 1

Zywietz, 1994 [1025] 9


26

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7. Alam HB, Velmahos GC. New Trends in Resuscitation. Current Problems in Surgery2011;48(8):531-64 doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2011.04.002[published Online First: Epub Date]|.

8. Alam HB. Advances in resuscitation strategies. Int J Surg 2011;9(1):5-12 doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.09.001[published Online First: Epub Date]|.

9. Alexander-Bratcher KM. Spotlight on the safety net. Mecklenburg Emergency Medical ServicesAgency. N C Med J 2007;68(4):286-87

10. Allison K, Porter K. Consensus on the pre-hospital approach to burns patient management.Accident and Emergency Nursing 2004;12(1):53-57 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0965-2302%2803%2900066-3[published Online First: Epub Date]|.

11. Al-Shaqsi SZK. Response time as a sole performance indicator in EMS: Pitfalls and solutions. OpenAccess Emergency Medicine 2010;2:1-6

12. Alvarez G, Coiera E. Interdisciplinary communication: An uncharted source of medical error? J.Crit. Care 2006;21(3):236-42 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2006.02.004[published Online First: EpubDate]|.

13. Ammar A. Advanced Technology Does Not Work by Itself. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine2002;17(4):S9

14. Amnis A. Safe and effective service improvement using a ‘lean’ approach: National electronicLibrary for Medicines, 2011.

15. Anderson PB. A comparative analysis of the emergency medical services and rescue responses toeight airliner crashes in the United States, 1987-1991. Prehospital and disaster medicine :the official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the World Associationfor Emergency and Disaster Medicine in association with the Acute Care Foundation1995;10(3):142-53

16. Anderson B. Being in the right place at the right time. Occup Health Saf 2000;69(4):6417. Anderton D. Rationalising the use of dipyridamole suspension: National electronic Library for

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uniformly reporting medical errors and near misses, a naïve, costly, and misdirected goal. JAm Coll Surg 2003;196(6):911-18 doi: 10.1016/s1072-7515(03)00236-9[published OnlineFirst: Epub Date]|.

19. Health Do. How to use essence of care 2010: SCIE Social Care Online, 2010.


27

20. HPA DoHa. Clostridium difficile infection: How do deal with the problem: National electronicLibrary for Medicines, 2008.

21. Health Do, NHS. Developing the NHS Performance Regime: Department of Health, 2008.22. Health Do. Overview and scrutiny of health - guidance: Department of Health, 2003.23. Health Do. Raising standards: improving performance in the NHS: Department of Health, 2003.24. NHS Knowledge and Skills Framework: Department of Health, 2004.25. Rawlins MD, Littlejohns P, eds. Improvement Partnership for Ambulance Services: what we do

and how we do it. Clinical excellence; Delivering quality in the NHS 2005; 2004. Oxford:.26. Health Do. High quality care for all: NHS next stage review final report: Department of Health,

2008.27. Health Do. Framing the contribution of allied health professionals, 2008.28. Health Do. Religion or belief: a practical guide for the NHS: National electronic Library for

Medicines, 2009.29. Chronic disease management and remote patient monitoring: European Observatory on Health

Systems and Policies, 2010.30. Department of Health Qfp. Quality accounts toolkit: advisory guidance for providers of NHS

services producing quality accounts for the year 2009 / 2010: Department of Health, 2010.31. Health Do, Resilience NF. Learning the lessons from the H1N1 vaccination campaign for health

care: Department of Health, 2010.32. Health Do. Essence of care 2010: SCIE Social Care Online, 2010.33. Health Do, Finance N, Directorate PO. The NHS Performance Framework: implementation

guidance: April 2010: Department of Health, 2010.34. Health Do, Directorate NM. The framework for quality accounts: response to consultation:

Department of Health, 2010.35. Health Do. Using the Commissioning for Quality and Innovation (CQUIN) payment framework:

Department of Health, 2010.36. Health Do, Finance N, Directorate PO. NHS Performance Framework: implementation guidance -

April 2011: Department of Health, 2011.37. Health Do. Guidance and competences for the provision of services using practitioners with

special interests: urgent and emergency care, 2009.38. Plus N, Royal College of Physicians Om. Varicella zoster virus - occupational aspects of

management 201039. Anonymous. Paramedic drafts EMS safety bill. EMS Insider 1995;22(2):3-340. Anonymous. New FDA reporting rules take effect this month. EMS Insider 1996;23(4):141. Anonymous. COBRA decisions put hospital staff on the spot... Consolidated Omnibus Budget

Reconciliation Act. Healthcare Risk Management 1996;18(12):155-5542. Anonymous. Medical emergencies aloft: are airlines equipped? University of California at

Berkeley Wellness Letter 1997;14(2):2-243. Linn R, Werfel P, Brown J. Safety first... "Practice Makes Permanent," November 1998 JEMS.

JEMS: Journal of Emergency Medical Services 1999;24(1):14-1444. Anonymous. Are you ready for JCAHO's new restraint standards?... this article was adapted from

one that appeared in sister company American Health Consultants' newsletter, "EDNursing". Rn 2000;63(12):24hf7-8

45. Anonymous. Alert: state wants EMS error reports. EMS Insider 2001;28(7):7-746. Anonymous. Patient-safety considerations. EMS Insider 2002;29(1):3-347. Anonymous. Use score card to boost quality. ED Manag 2002;14(10):114-1748. Anonymous. A positive sentinel event? AI says it's possible: use root-cause analysis in excellent

outcomes, too. Healthcare Benchmarks Qual Improv 2002;1(2):16-1849. Anonymous. At a glance. OR Manager 2002;18(6):32-3250. Anonymous. Thrombolytics safe for ambulance use. Pharmaceutical Journal 2002;269(7226):772


28

51. Anonymous. These tools show cause of close calls, adverse events. Healthcare Risk Management2003;25(1):3-4

52. Narinder T. Building safer healthcare systems: A case for error-in-medicine curriculum in medicaltraining. Medical Journal Armed Forces India 2003;59(3):273 doi: 10.1016/s0377-1237(03)80039-4[published Online First: Epub Date]|.

53. Rabinovici R, Frankel H, Kaplan L. Trauma evaluation and resuscitation. Current Problems inSurgery 2003;40(10):599-681 doi: 10.1016/s0011-3840(03)00081-9[published Online First:Epub Date]|.

54. Anonymous. AHP project launched to raise awareness of patient safety. Podiatry Now2004;7(11):14-14

55. Anonymous. Do your staff members risk misidentifying patients? ED Nursing 2004;7(8):93-9556. Anonymous. Ask Sirenhead. Stop the blow hard. JEMS: Journal of Emergency Medical Services

2004;29(8):120-2057. Anonymous. NZNO welcomes coroner's report recommendations. Kai Tiaki Nursing New Zealand

2004;10(7):11-1158. Braun BI, Darcy L, Divi C, Robertson J, Fishbeck J. Hospital bioterrorism preparedness linkages

with the community : improvements over time.59. Nursing RCo. RCN Review of the year and summary accounts 2003/2004: Royal College of

Nursing, 2004.60. Anonymous. Using medication reconciliation to prevent errors. Joint Commission journal on

quality and patient safety / Joint Commission Resources 2006;32(4):230-3261. Anonymous. An obstacle to error reporting remains. Pharmaceutical Journal 2006;276(7390):25262. Anonymous. Prescribing safely. Pharmaceutical Journal 2006;276(7400):55463. News in brief. Emerg Nurse 2007;15(4):2-264. Frew SA. EMTALA compliance could have stopped failure cascade. ED Legal Letter 2007;18(1):6-865. Mackersie RC, Dicker RA. Pitfalls in the Evaluation and Management of the Trauma Patient.

Current Problems in Surgery 2007;44(12):778-833 doi:10.1067/j.cpsurg.2007.09.006[published Online First: Epub Date]|.

66. Anonymous. Into the wild. Midwifery Matters 2008(117):7-867. Anonymous. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: American College of Chest Physicians

Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition), 2008.68. Anonymous. Bibliography and other resource materials for advancing patient and family-

centered care, 2008.69. Monitor. Identifying risk, taking action: Monitor's approach to service performance in NHS

foundation trusts, 2008.70. Anonymous. Research worth reading. EMS Insider 2009;36(11):10-1171. Anonymous. MHRA 2009 liaison officer conference: Medicines and Healthcare products

Regulatory Agency, 2009.72. Fund TKs. Windmill 2009: NHS response to the financial storm: The King's Fund, 2009.73. Anonymous. CLIR launches EMS Voluntary Event Notification Tool. EMS Insider 2010;37(9):11-1174. Anonymous. Noticeboard. Emerg Nurse 2010;18(2):10-1075. Anonymous. Standards for the care of critically ill children (4th edition): Royal College of

Anaesthetists, 2010.76. Anonymous. London child protection procedures: 4th edition, 2010: SCIE Social Care Online,

2010.77. Anonymous. The GAT Handbook 2011-2012: Association of Anaesthetists of GB and Ireland,

2011.78. Anonymous. 1000 Lives Plus (archived) - Welsh Ambulance Service Trust. Secondary 1000 Lives

Plus (archived) - Welsh Ambulance Service Trust 2010.www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/page.cfm?orgid=781&pid=47103.


29

79. Council GM. Treatment and care towards the end of life: good practice in decision making: SCIESocial Care Online, 2010.

80. Anonymous. 10 steps to establish an EMS risk management program. EMS Insider 2011;38(6):10-10

81. Anonymous. Psoriasis: Clinical Knowledge Summaries, 2010.82. Anonymous. Facing the future: a review of paediatric services: Royal College of Paediatrics and

Child Health, 2011.83. Anonymous. Deep vein thrombosis: Clinical Knowledge Summaries, 2009.84. Anonymous. Atrial fibrillation: Clinical Knowledge Summaries, 2009.85. Health Do. Ambulance Quality Indicators: East Midlands Strategic Health Authority, 2011.86. Anonymous. Clinical governance reading list: The King's Fund, 2009.87. Anonymous. Angiox 250mg powder for concentrate for solution for injection or infusion -

Summary of Product Characteristics: electronic Medicines Compendium, 2010.88. Committee HoCH. Alcohol: first report of session 2009-10, volume 1: report, together with

formal minutes, 2010.89. Committee HoCH. Commissioning: fourth report of session 2009-10, 2010.90. Committee HoCH. The use of overseas doctors in providing out-of-hours services, 2010.91. Commitee HoCH. Public health : twelfth report of session 2010-12, 2011.92. Anonymous. Major Projects Authority Programme assessment review of the National

Programme for IT, 2011.93. Committee HoCH. Annual accountability hearing with Monitor : tenth report of session 2010-12,

2011.94. Office NA. National Audit Office Report (HC 1075, 2003-04): Department of Health - Improving

Emergency Care in: National Audit Office, 2004.95. Committee HoCPA. The National Programme for IT in the NHS: progress since 2006, 2008.96. Gundersen Lutheran Health System: performance improvement through partnership, 2009.97. Committee HoCH. The use of management consultants by the NHS and the Department of

Health: fifth report of session 2008/9, 2009.98. Office NA. A short guide: The NAO's work on the Department of Health: National Audit Office,

2010.99. Anonymous. Statement of Financial Entitlements (Amendment) Directions 2011: National

electronic Library for Medicines, 2011.100. Office NA. NAO Report (HC 708 2010-2011): National Health Service Landscape Review:

National Audit Office, 2011.101. Confederation N. Grand designs: the new London: NHS Confederation, 2003.102. Performance improvement framework for patient and public involvment in the NHS:

Department of Health, 2003.103. Health NCf. Department of Health issues guidance on informatics planning for 2009/10:

National electronic Library for Medicines, 2008.104. NHS. Darlington PCT prospectus 2009/10, 2008.105. Authority LSH. Clinical workforce productivity in London's health sector: final report -

appendices, 2008.106. Confederation N. NHS Confederation annual review 2007-2008: NHS Confederation, 2008.107. London N. NHS London annual report 2007/2008, 2009.108. Health Do, NHS. Toolkit for high quality neonatal services: Department of Health, 2009.109. Keasey K, Malby R, Turbitt I, Veronesi I, Neogy I. National Inquiry into Fit for Purpose

Governance in the NHS, 2009.110. Health Do, Agency HP. Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza: summary infection control guidance

for ambulance services during an influenza pandemic: Department of Health, 2010.111. Centre NI. Statistics on sickness absence rates in NHS April to June 2009: National electronic

Library for Medicines, 2009.


30

112. Confederation N, Service IHA. What's it all for? Removing unnecessary bureaucracy inregulation: NHS Confederation, 2009.

113. NHS. Bedside guide: Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, 2009.114. Health Do. NHS 2010 - 2015: from good to great: preventative, people-centred, productive:

Department of Health, 2009.115. Improvement N. An integrated approach: the transferability of the Winning Principles - sharing

the learning, 2010.116. Anonymous. Independent inquiry into care provided by Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation

Trust: January 2005-March 2009: Volume 1: Department of Health, 2010.117. Living and dying well in Lothian, 2010.118. Edwards N. The triumph of hope over experience: lessons from the history of reorganisation:

NHS Confederation, 2010.119. Office NE. Representing the NHS in Europe - Three years of achievement: NHS Confederation,

2010.120. Improvement NIfIa. Large scale change - NHS mobilisation, 2010.121. London N. Workforce for London progress report: implementation - turning strategy into

action, 2010.122. Molyneux P. Health and housing: worlds apart? Housing care and support solutions to health

challenges: Association of Public Health Observatories, 2010.123. Programme NNEoLC. Talking needs action training needs analysis: the pilot sites report their

findings for end of life care communication skills: SCIE Social Care Online, 2010.124. Health Do. The NHS outcomes framework 2011/12: SCIE Social Care Online, 2010.125. Improvement NIfIa. Medical leadership competency framework: enhancing engagement in

medical leadership (3rd edition), 2010.126. Improvement NIfIa. Annual report and accounts of the NHS Institute for Innovation and

Improvement 2009-10, 2010.127. health Do. Liberating the NHS: Report on the arms-length bodies review: Department of Health,

2010.128. Health Do. Guidance on the NHS Standard Contract for Acute Hospital Services 2010-11:

Department of Health, 2010.129. Mandate H. Accounting for quality: an analysis of the impact of quality accounts in the NHS,

2010.130. Davis F. Paediatric emergency care, 2010.131. Bevington J. Healthy boards for a healthy London, 2011.132. Alan W, Seddon J, Brogan A, Jones C, Davies J, Matthias J. 1000 Lives Plus and the NHS agenda -

lessons from systems thinking: All Wales Medicines Strategy Group, 2011.133. Evidence N. Transport service for dialysis patients:to improve quality: QIPP - NHS Evidence,

2010.134. Improvement NIfIa, London KsC. Improving healthcare quality at scale and pace - lessons from

the Productive Ward: Releasing Time To Care programme - full report, 2010.135. Employers N. Quality and Outcomes Framework guidance for GMS contract 2009/10: NHS

Employers, 2009.136. Health Do. Liberating the NHS: greater choice and control: government response: extending

patient choice of provider (any qualified provider): SCIE Social Care Online, 2011.137. Confederation N. NHS Confederation Annual Review 2010-11: NHS Confederation, 2011.138. Ambulance Service Network. Critical care paramedics:Delivering enhanced pre-hospital trauma

and resuscitation care: a cost-effective approach. London: NHS Confederation, 2011.139. Monitor. NHS foundation trusts: consolidated accounts 2010/11, 2009.140. CG109 Transient loss of consciousness in adults and young people: ambulance service slide set,

2010.141. Scotland N. Partnership for care Scotland's Health White Paper, 2003.


31

142. Scotland NQI. The Provision of Safe and Effective Primary Medical Services Out of HoursStandards Aug 2004: Healthcare Improvement Scotland, 2004.

143. Scotland NQI. Report of Evidence Based Assessments from SHTG Aug 2008: HealthcareImprovement Scotland, 2008.

144. Directorates SGH. Delivering better health, better care through continuous improvement:lessons from the national programmes, 2008.

145. Scotland N. Wheelchair and seating services modernisation: action plan: SCIE Social CareOnline, 2009.

146. Government S. National guidance for child protection in Scotland: 2010: SCIE Social Care Online,2010.

147. WHO. Assessment of health security and crises management capacity, Republic of Moldova:WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2009.

148. WHO. Assessment of health security and crises management capacity, Armenia: WHO RegionalOffice for Europe, 2009.

149. WHO. Emergency Medical Services Systems in the European Union: WHO Regional Office forEurope, 2010.

150. Vaillard J, Lai T, Bevan G. Estonia health system performance assessment. 2009 snapshot: WHORegional Office for Europe, 2010.

151. Anonymous. Promote safety in air ambulances by taking a stand against drugs. HospitalEmployee Health 1989;8(7):87-87

152. Anonymous. “Patient safety act” introduced. Geriatr Nurs 1996;17(5):199-200 doi:10.1016/s0197-4572(96)80188-1[published Online First: Epub Date]|.

153. The Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee Centers for Disease C, PreventionPublic Health Service USDoH, Human S. Part II. Recommendations for prevention ofinfections in health care personnel. Am J Infect Control 1998;26(3):328-54 doi:10.1016/s0196-6553(98)80016-3[published Online First: Epub Date]|.

154. Anonymous. Meningitis and meningococcemia. Emergency Nurse Legal Bulletin 1998;24(3):2-7155. Anonymous. Missed subdural hematoma: $3.25 million. Healthcare Risk Management

1999;21(5):3-4156. Anonymous. Diagnostic failure causes death: $3.4 million verdict. Healthcare Risk Management

2000;22(5):3-4157. Hall Y. Misdiagnosis results in death, $1.1 million verdict. Healthcare Risk Management

2000;22(4):2-3158. Alternate Ambulance Transportation and Destination. Ann. Emerg. Med. 2008;52(5):594 doi:

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.08.016[published Online First: Epub Date]|.159. Anonymous. Check your stretcher fasteners. EMS Insider 2001;28(1):4-4160. Anonymous. Improper IV leads to amputation. Healthcare Risk Management 2001;23(1):2-4161. Anonymous. Injury prevention model broadens safety scope: create situations where human

error can't happen. Healthcare Risk Management 2002;24(7):3-4162. Anonymous. Research update. Poor communication key to clinical errors. Aust Nurs J

2002;10(1):18-18163. Medicine PaD. Abstracts of scientific and invited papers for 6th Asia-Pacific Conference on

Disaster Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan, 18-22 February 2002. Prehospital Disaster Med2002;17:S1-35

164. Anonymous. Heart attack and triage: $1.25 million FL settlement. Healthcare Risk Management2002:3-4

165. Anonymous. Relatives plan to sue after death of overdose patient who was kept waiting. NursTimes 2003;99(39):5-5

166. Anonymous. Medical condition list and appropriate use of Air Medical Transport. Air Med J2003;22(3):14-19 doi: 10.1016/s1067-991x(03)70001-7[published Online First: Epub Date]|.

167. Anonymous. Don't harm patients with high-alert drugs. ED Nursing 2004;7(8):88-89


32

168. Anonymous. Policy statement. EMS as an essential public safety service. Ann. Emerg. Med.2004;43(1):152-52

169. Anonymous. Ambulance safety becomes a priority. EMS Insider 2004;31(1):5-5170. Centre TNP. Supplementary Prescribing National Prescribing Centre, 2004.171. Jones D, Mitchell A. Lean thinking for the NHS: NHS Confederation, 2008.172. Anonymous. Designing future ambulance transport for patient safety. Journal of Operating

Department Practice 2006;2(11):16-16173. Anonymous. NIH funds pilot program for EMS error reporting system on a national basis. EMS

Insider 2006;33(5):7-7174. South Western Ambulance Service. What is NHS Pathways? Secondary What is NHS Pathways?

2011.175. Anonymous. Last word. JEMS: Journal of Emergency Medical Services 2007;32(8):114-14176. Anonymous. Top 5 in the news. Joint Commission Perspectives on Patient Safety 2007;7(9):2-2177. Standards for Maternity Care: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2008.178. Anonymous. Let's talk about restraint: rights, risks and responsibility: Royal College of Nursing,

2008.179. Disruptive innovation - What does it mean for the NHS?: NHS Confederation, 2008.180. Anonymous. Engaging clinicians in a quality agenda: All Wales Medicines Strategy Group, 2008.181. State of Healthcare 2008, 2008.182. Anonymous. Georgia situation report no. 4, 9 September 2008: WHO Regional Office for

Europe, 2008.183. Anonymous. High Court judgement Oakes v Neininger & Ors [2008] EWHC 548 (QB) (19 March

2008) 2012. http://www.casecheck.co.uk/CaseLaw.aspx?EntryID=14543 (accessed 24September 2012).

184. Association EHT. Sustainable telemedicine : paradigms for future-proof healthcare, 2008.185. Seeing the person in the patient: the Point of Care review paper: The King's Fund, 2008.186. Anonymous. Stepping up: using health standards to improve public health: Faculty of Public

Health, 2009.187. Anonymous. Safeguarding adults: report on the consultation on the review of 'No Secrets':

Department of Health, 2009.188. Anonymous. Last word: the ups & downs of EMS. JEMS: Journal of Emergency Medical Services

2009;34(6):82-82189. Anonymous. Clinical rounds. Medical air transport: cracks in the system lead to adverse events.

Nursing 2009;39(12):23-23190. Anonymous. Patients' lives at risk during NHS transfers. Operating Theatre Journal 2009(223):4-

4191. Confederation N. Ambulance Service Network annual report 2008-09: NHS Confederation,

2009.192. Health Do. The Year 2008/09: Third annual report of NHS Chief Executive: National electronic

Library for Medicines, 2009.193. KPMG. Learning and implications from Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust, 2009.194. Patient Group Directions December 209: National Prescribing Centre.195. Listening and learning: the ombudsman's review of complaint handling by the NHS in England

2009-10, 2010.196. Carayon P, Karsh BT, Cartmill RS. Incorporating health information technology into workflow

redesign, 2010.197. Emergency medicine consultants - workforce recommendations, 2010.198. Working Together to Safeguard Children: A guide to inter-agency working to safeguard and

promote the welfare of children, 2010.199. NHS Confederation annual review 2009/10: NHS Confederation, 2010.


33

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Documents

Table Appendix 1: Excluded studies with reason · Table Appendix 1: Excluded studies with reason 1 Study Reason Abbadi, 2001[1] 4 Abbas, 2008 [2] 2 Abercrombie, 1993[3] 4 Adams, 2001