T1 Prelimnotes3

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St Augustine of Hippo


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I.INTORDU CTION

Our knowledge, understanding andappreciation of St. Augustine isimmeasurably enhance if we knowsomething of the age in which is lived. Itis often said that he was a man living onthe frontiers of two worlds, the ancientworld which was passing away and

medieval world which was coming intobeing.


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Today the contemporary pilgrim who

seeks to trace Augustines footsteps willprobably have to fly to the port of

Annaba formerly call Hippo, then drive (

or take the train) sixty miles to Soak-Ahras, Algeria known in the days of the

Roman empire as Thagaste.


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II. IMPORTANTPERSONS IN HIS LIFE

A. His Family

Monica - his mother

Patricius - his father

Navigius - his brother Perpetua - his sister who

became Superior of a religious

community for women.

Melania (?) - mother of his son

Adeodatus - his son


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B. His Friends

Alypius - the brother of my heart

Evodius - member of his Cassiciacum group

Severus - a part of his first community

Possidius - his biographer

Nebridius - his disciple in Italy

C. His Inspirers

Romanianus - Bishop ofMila

Victorinus - famous philosopher of the 4th

century.


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III. HIS LIFE

A.F

rom birth to conversionAugustine was born on Novermber 13, 354

at Thagaste. His mother, Monica, was a ferventChristian. Patricius, his father was a pagan who

was a small landholder and town councilor.Despite the familys limited resources, heprovided his son with all that was needed for hisgood education. He studied at Thagaste,

Madaura and Carthage. He taught rhetoric atCarthage, then at Rome and Milan. He was amaster of the Latin language and c.ultures yetnot in Greek


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At 19, reading Ciceros Hortensius, he wasconverte to the love of wisdom, which

disappointed by his reading of Scripture, hesought amon the Manichees, to whom headhered for 9 years. Having been disillusioned bythe weakness of the Manichean system, he

turned to skepticism. When in Milan, aged 32, hebegan the return-journey through St. Ambrosespreaching on the catholic interpretation of Scripture. He overcomes skepticism by

discovering by accepting the authority of thechurch. He overcome his materialism bydiscovering with the help ofPlatonism


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The true notion of evil. He overcome his

naturalism and problem of mediation by

reading St.Paul and recognizing Jesus Christ

as mediator of grace and Redeemer.

thus his return to the catholic faith was

complete. Yet his problem was how to live

the Chritisn ideals. After struggles, he chose

to abandon all worldly aspirations, including

marriage, and consecrated himself totally tothat ideal (Confess, 8, 6, 13-20, 30)


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B.From Conversion to priesthood (386-391).

Augustine withdrew to Cassisiacum (probably modern day Cassage Brianza), returned

to Milan the following March, followed

Ambroses catechism and was baptized by him

on the night of Holy Saturday, April 24-25. 387.

while planning to return to Aprica with his

family to carry out the holy aim of living

together in Gods service,M

onica died atO

stia.

Thus he returned to Rome and spent 8-10

months interesting himself in monastic life


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Returning to Africa, he settler at Thagastewhere together with those who were unitedto him he lived for God and instructed thosepresent and absent through discourses andbooks (Possidius).

C.From priesthood to episcopate (391-396)

Augustine went to Hippo to look for a placeto found a monastery and live iwht his brothers(Sermon 355, 2). There he was surprised by thepriesthood, which he reluctantly accepted as

Gods wish. As he had planned, he founded amonastery where he lived as priest and monk,following the way and rule established at thetime of the Apostles (Possidius)


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In 395, he was consecrated assistant bishop.Leaving the lay monastery, which would

become a seminary of priests and monksfor the whole of Afriaca (Possidius 11). Herwithdrew to a clerical monastery of Hippo(Sermon 355 and 356)

D.From episcopate to death (396-430)

Augustines pastoral activity:the church ofHippio: 1. preaching (2X a week Sat & Sun.

often on several consecutive says or even 2Xa day,) audientia episcopalls. Care for thepoor and orphan, training of the clergy,organization of mal e and femalemonasteries,


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Augustine died on August 28, 430.

History tells that a group of Africanbishops took the body of Augustine withthem while fleeing from the Vandals. Itwas deposited in Sardinia on payment

of gold equaling the weight ofAugustines body. A king of Lombardybrought it to Pavia where it was buriedin the church of Clel Doro. A relic of hisright forearm is retained in the Catheralof Hippo, pressent-day Annaba.


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THE WORKS OF AUGUSTINE

I. BOOKS

A. Autobiographical Works Confessions

Revisions

B. PHILOSOPHICAL DOGMATIC WORKS Dialogues

The Trinity

The City of God

On Christian BeliefC. PASTORAL WORKS

On Marriage and Virginity

On Morality and Christian Asceticism


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D. EXEGETICAL WORKS

Christian Instruction On Genesis

On the New Testament

On the OldT

estamentE. POLEMICAL WORKS

The Arian Debate

The Manichean Debate

The Donatist controversy

Answer to the Pelagians

Answer to the Sampelagians


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BIBLE

OBJECTIVES:

1.To define the nature of the Bible.

2.To memorize the books of the

Bible

.

3.To stir ones desire in reading the

Bible.


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I. THEMAIN SOURCES OFTHE CATHOLIC FAITH

Sacred Scripture and Sacred TraditionTogether they form one sacred deposit of the

word of God.

The churchs doctrines, morals and liturgy andworship are derived from these sources.

Sacred Scripture is the fundamental source in

proclaiming and educating in the faith because

it is a record of the divinely inspired word of

God


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II.The Bible: Basic Questions

A. Ta Biblia

The Bible comes from the Greek Word ta

biblia, The Books

A name well-chosen since the Bible is a

collection of many individual works, and not a

product of a single person. It is really a library.

The NT has 27 books. The OT has 39 books(in

Protestant and Jewish editions) or 46 ( inCatholic edition)


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B. The Bible as Scripture

What makes the Bible not simply a literaturebut a Scripture?

In FAITH, we hold it that the Bible contains

The Word of God. It is a source and record of

Gods revelation, ofHis Self-communication to

the world He created and His divine will.


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C. Nature of Sacred Scripture

Sacred Scripture is fundamentally differentfrom all other books ever written in human

history.

1.It is the inspired word of God.

2. Scripture is the living and active Word of God.

3.It is a story of Gods work in the world and the

human person gifted with intellect and will.

4. Sacred Scripture is Gods word in human

words.


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1.It is the inspired word of God

1.1T

his means that God guided thehuman authors to compose the written

accounts of his revelation to his people

1.2.He gave them a special grace calledDivine Inspiration.

D

ivine inspiration was not:a. as dictation from God to some human

secretary.


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b. a division of labor between God and the

writer where God wrote some parts of the

work and other parts were left to the human

author.

c. means of forcing writers against their will to

record what god wanted them to record.

Divine inspiration was the:

a. directing influence and guidance of the Holy

Spirit under which the sacred writers wrote all

that God wanted them to write (DV 11, CFC 85).


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1.3.Being a divinely book, Scripture enjoys

inerrancy.

a. This means that Scripture, teaches firmly,

faithfully and without error that truth, which

God wants, put into the Sacred writings for the

sake of the salvation of all.

Details about age, dates and order of events

and the like are not necessarily accurate. They

are not the salvific truth, which God is makingknown (DV 11, CFC 89).


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The religious message in Scripture is inerrant.

This message communicates the truth thatGod invites all to share in His divine life

through Jesus Christ in the Holy Spirit.

1.4.Scripture is inspiring because the word of

God uplifts and rouses faith in the lives of

people today. It talks about encounters of faith

to bring others to faith in God through the Spirit

of the Risen Crucified Lord.


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2. Scripture is the living and active Word of

God. - The word of God is the food of salvationand fountain of life of all people. God speaks to thereader of old. As the psalmist says, that today youwould hear his voice, don not harden your hearts

(Ps 95:7-8).3.It is a story of Gods work in the world

and the human person gifted with intellect

and will it continues through the story of

alienation from God through sin, Gods call of aparticular people to be the vehicle of his revelationand blessing and the climax of this saving,


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Reconciling, in the person, teaching, actions,

passion, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

4. Scripture is Gods word in human words.

the written words in Scripture are Gods words

through e words of the human authors. God

speaks in Sacred Scripture in human fashion. He

chose to be part of the human history byentering history long before the incarnation of

the Word in Jesus Christ. Instead of abandoning


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Humanity after the fall of Adam and

Eve, God patiently guided Adamsdescendants back to himself. He

chose to show and communicate

himself and his will that all people

may come to salvation. God

communicates in Scripture throughtangible signs of images, parables,

allegory, poetry, etc.


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Biblical Interpretation

St.Paul assert all scripture isinspired by God and is useful for

teaching, for refutation

, for correction, and for training

righteousness so that everyone who

belongs to God may be competent,

equipped for very good work (2 Tim.

3:16-17)


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1. Literal Sense teaches what happen

- establishes the historical event and

characters in the narrative of aparticular Scripture text.

Scripture - stories written from an experience

of faith.

- seek to instruct and bring others to

faith

- demand a fruitful and meaningful

interpretation that goes beyond thenarration of past events.


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Spiritual Sense:

a. allegorical what is to believed- points to Jesus Christ as the Lord

our Savior.

b. moral - What should be done- the moral sense of the Scripture

communicating a sense of urgency exhorts all to

respond immediately to Gods call to a covenantrelationship with him by following Jesus call to

discipleship (Mk.2:14)


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c. Anagogic - towards what we must hope for (CFC

94)

- directs the human person to be sharers in

the life of God in Jesus Christ through the

Spirit.

- brings hope in ones life today and in

anticipation of the eternal banquet.

- The renewed hope becomes an image that

becomes a pattern for Christian way of

thing and acting


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It is shared with others through story, by way of

living and in the celebration of the Churchs

prayers and sacraments especially the Eucharist.

The essential part of the

interpretation of Scripture is how

the Christian message is performed,

appropriated and lives out in onesdaily life.


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SACRED SCRIPTURE and SACREDTRADITION

Before the system of writing was developed,people has to depend on memorization for the

transmission of vital stories and facts that they

wanted later generations to know. This practice

of handling down stories, beliefs and customsby word of mouth is known as Oral Tradition.

With development of writing, such oral

traditions were put down in written form.


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The books of Scripture grew from tradition andthe list of canonical books came from theChurch. Guidance from the church id necessaryfor an authentic and meaningful interpretationof Sacred Scripture.

Division of Scripture

Sacred Scripture is divided into two parts: theOT and the NT.

Testament means a covenant that God mas withHis people.


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I. TWO PARTS OF THE BIBLE

A. Old TestamentB. New Testament

A. Old Testament Four Major Parts

1. Pentateuch/ 1st Five Books

2. History Books3. Wisdom & Poetry

4. Prophecy


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1. PENTATEUCH/ 1ST FIVE BOOKS

a. Genesis c. Leviticus d. Numbers

b.E

xodus d. Deuteronomy2. HISTORY BOOKS

a. Joshua b. Judges

c. Ruth d. 1 Samuel

e. 2 Samuel f. 1 Kingsg. 2 Kings h. 1 Chronicles

i. 2 Chronicles j. Ezra

k. Nehemiah l. Tobit

m. Judith n. Esther

o. 1 Maccabees p. 2 Maccabees


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n. Habakkuk o. Zephaniah

p. Haggai q. Zechariahr. Malachi

T

he OldT

estament- Is the story of the Israelites in the light of the

various covenants God made with them.

- It is largely a story of the infidelity of the

people, and of God unfailing love for

humanity.


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- is the collection of sacred of sacred

books of the Hebrews written over a

period of 9,000 years.

- it prepare and announces the coming of

a Messiah, The Redeemer.

Pentateuch

- refers to the first five books of Scripture.

- These books express Gods love for

humanity in creation, the fall and the

formation of Gods people.


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Historical Books

- not simply a historical events in ancient

times. These books describe how God

intervened in the history of his people.

- narrate all the difficulties and failures,and triumphs of the Israelites. These

books points to Gods steadfast love for

Israel amidst the peoples infidelity and

unrighteousness


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Wisdom

- wisdom books abound with proverbs and

simple saying full of wisdom. they also contain

the psalms or prayers of praise for the greatness

and goodness of God, of thanksgiving and love

for God, of trust in Gods power in times of fearand anxiety, and of lamentations for ones sins

and its effects on the person and other people.


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Prophetic Books

- the prophet appeared when the nation

became weak and eventually fell captive

to foreign nations.

- expressed Gods sense of justice, his

anger against deceit, and the oppression

of the poor and the weak

- Most importantly, prophetic books speak

of the coming messiah. These prophecies werefulfilled in Jesus Christ, the Son of God whobecame like us in all things but sin.


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B. The New Testament

1. Gospels2. History

3. Pauline and other letters

4. Catholic letters5. Apocalypse

I. Gospelsa. Matthew b. Mark

c. Luke d. John


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2. History

The Acts of the Apostles3. Pauline and Other Letters

a. Romans h. 1 Thessalonians

b. 1 Corinthians k. 2 Thessalonians

c. 2 Corinthians l. 1 Timothy

d. Galatians m. 2 Timothy

e. Ephesians n. Titus

f. Philippians o. Philemon

g. Colossians p. Hebrews


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4. Catholic Letters/Epistles

a. Jamesb. 1Peter 5. Apocalypse

c. 2 Peter a. Revelation

d. 1 John

e. 2 John

f. 3 John

g. Jude


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New Testaments

- presents how Gods plan for redemptionof all was achieved by sending his own divine

Son into the world. God made a final covenant

with his people sealed in the blood of Christ (1.

Cor. 11:25)

- the OT promise of God leads up to the

fulfillment of the promise in the NT. The OT can

be fully understood only in the light of itsfulfillment in the NT.


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- The NT contains twenty-seven bookswritten between 50-100 A.D. It was written in

Greek, and proclaims Jesus, the Messiah, theSon of God became man.

The Four Gospels

- tell about the life, words and deeds, andpassion, death and resurrection of Jesus.

- they conclude with the mission which theRisen Jesus gave to all believers to bring the

Good News to the whole world and the promiseof his abiding presence in disciples.


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The Acts of the Apostles

- is the continuation of the Gospel of St.Luke. This book describe how the first Christian

communities lived and worked, and how they

spread the Good News.

The Apostolic Letters

- the earliest in the NT contains the letter

of apostles. Most of them are from St. Paul but

some are from James, Peter, John and Jude,


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These letters giving practical instructions and

words of encouragement concerning Christian

faith practices addressed to members of early

Christian communities.

Revelation

- is the last book of the NT. It gives Johns

vision of the second coming of Christ, the

completion of the Kingdom of God.


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T1 Prelimnotes3