Systematic Observations, Partnerships, Modeling, In situ planning, Summary

Earth’s Living Ocean:The Unseen World

Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Roadmap

T

2002 2010 2012 2014 20152004

Reduced flux uncertainties; global carbon dynamics

Funded

Unfunded

Global Ocean Carbon / Particle Abundance

N. America’s carbon budget quantified

Global Atmospheric CO2 (OCO)

2006 2008

Reduced flux uncertainties; coastal carbon dynamics

NA Carbon NA Carbon Global C Cycle

T = Technology development

Regional carbon sources/sinks quantified for planet

IPCC IPCC

Effects of tropical deforestation quantified; uncertaintiesin tropical carbon source reduced

= Field Campaign

Goa

ls: G

loba

l pro

duct

ivity

and

land

cov

er c

hang

e at

fine

re

solu

tion;

bio

mas

s an

d ca

rbon

flux

es q

uant

ified

; use

ful

ecol

ogic

al fo

reca

sts

and

impr

oved

clim

ate

chan

ge p

roje

ctio

ns

Vegetation 3-D Structure, Biomass, & Disturbance T Terrestrial carbon stocks &

species habitat characterized

Models w/improved ecosystem functions

High-Resolution Atmospheric CO2 Sub-regional sources/sinks

Integrated global analyses

CH4 sources characterized and quantified

Report

P

Vegetation (AVHRR, MODIS)Ocean Color (SeaWiFS, MODIS)

Land Cover (Landsat) Bridge (LDCM) Land Cover (OLI)

Vegetation, Fire (AVHRR, MODIS) Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPP) Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPOESS)

Models & Computing Capacity

Case Studies

Process UnderstandingImprovements:

Human-Ecosystems-Climate Interactions (Model-Data Fusion, Assimilation); Air-Sea Flux

T

Partnership

N. American Carbon Program

Land Use Change in Amazonia

Global CH4; Wetlands, Flooding & Permafrost

Global C Cycle

K

now

ledg

e B

ase

2002: Global productivity and land cover resolution coarse; Large uncertainties in biomass, fluxes, disturbance, and coastal events

Systematic Observations

Process controls; errors in sink reduced

Coastal Carbon

Southern Ocean Carbon Program, Air-Sea CO2 Flux

Physiology & Functional Types

Supporting Measurements

•In situ observation program• provide vicarious calibration of orbiting instrumentation• validate the quality of observations• provide path to improve quality / utility of space-based measurements• Program must: - accurately sample relevant observables, - make observations across wide range of biological / biogeochemical

provinces - relate in situ observations to known community measurement

standards - provide these data to a centralized data center (global data sets) - compare vicarious instrument calibration results with on-orbit methods - push what can be measured and how well • Coordinated field observations; new instrumentation (present and future satellite observables); production and dissemination of calibration standards (all investigators must follow); free, open and easy access of all data collected in support of the cal/val program

The competed (green) and shared (yellow) connecting-core elements. The latter in-cludes competed, contracted, and internal (red and blue) core contributions, the mixture of which is determined largely by the topic type. For example, the calibration and validation component is expected to be involved in managing the vicarious calibration site(s), which means it will also be involved in the optical properties element (at least the AOP portion) as well as the standards and traceability element, so all these elements are colored yellow.

Sponsored(and Interdisci-plinary) FieldCampaigns

In SituDatabase

(SeaBASS)

Atmosphericand AerosolCharacteri-

zations

P

NewScienceTopics

2006North

AmericanCarbonProgram(NACP)

Standardsand

Traceability

SouthernOceanCarbon

Program(SOCP)

2008

CoastalCarbon

Abundance P2007

Optical(Apparent and

Inherent)Properties

Biogeo-chemical

(Particulate andDissolved)

Constituents

SatelliteVicarious

Calibration

Calibration andValidation

Component

ImageProcessingSoftware

(SeaDAS)Bio-OpticalAlgorithm

(and Product)Validation

OceanicPrimary

Productivity

P

2008

Physiologyand Functional

Types(PFTs)

P

2009

P

P

Satellite DataProcessingComponent

P

AERONETCoastal Data(SeaPRISM)

2006

OceanicCarbon

Abundance

2006 P

Instrumentand

AnalysisRound Robins

2006

AtmosphericCorrectionAlgorithm

SatelliteSensor(VIIRS)

Character-ization

2006

In SituData

ProcessingSoftware2008

P

AerosolHeight

(CALYPSO)

2006

Developand Evaluate

Instrumentation

PublishProtocolsand Per-formanceMetrics

VerifyUncertainty

Budgets

Acquire,Distribute,

and ArchiveData Products

Process andReprocessMultisensor

Data

Initialize andTemporally

MonitorSatellite

Calibration

CoordinateInternationalPartnerships

ImplementNew DataProducts

VicariousCalibration

Site(s)

P

Systematic Observations

• Pre-launch sensor characterization• Protocols for laboratory & in situ observations• Advanced instrumentation development & ongoing instrument performance

evaluations• Calibration and data analyses round robins• Laboratory pigment analysis intercomparisons

• Future laboratory round robins for other material measurements• In situ data archive and standardized QC procedures• Algorithm development (atmospheric & bio-optical)• On-orbit calibration capabilities

- On-board methods (e.g., lunar data)- Vicarious methods (e.g., MOBY)

• Multi-mission reprocessing capability• Planning for missions to ensure data product continuity

Partnerships

• Partnerships – missions, in situ programs

• Interagency - OOI ORION, IOOS, CCSP, GEOSS; agencies?

• International – other space agencies (calibration), ship time

• Framework for building partnerships (MERIS data?)

• Modeling

• Other disciplines - MAP

Modeling

• Systematic, coordinated interdisciplinary approach to modeling of ocean biological and biogeochemical processes

• Observational Strategy = measurements + modeling environment

• Time and space gaps – in situ and satellite data

• Data – format

• Assimilation

• Connection with MAP program, ESMF

Earth’s Living Ocean: The Undiscovered World• NASA seeks to advance understanding of the Earth’s living ocean through global research,

observations and predictive models; role in Earth System Science

• Community Feedback Welcome:

– paula.s.bontempi@nasa.gov

• End of April 2006 - Draft plans (Advance + Cal/Val) will be on-line

• 11-13 April 2006 – Community Discussion– NASA Ocean Color Research Team Meeting – (Newport, RI)

• June/July 2006 - Final draft/new initiative package

• Plan – Living Document

• Carbon Cycle & Ecosystem Focus Area Advance Plan