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System Modeling Environment Requirements, Architecture and Implementa<on Maged Elaasar, Ph.D.,P.Eng. h1p://magedelaasar.com Simula Research Laboratory, Norway October, 2015

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Page 1: System Modeling Environment - Maged Elaasar - The …magedelaasar.com/wp-content/.../2015/10/System-Modeling-Environm… · System Modeling Environment ... model (less clicks) –

System  Modeling  Environment  Requirements,  Architecture  and  

Implementa<on  

Maged  Elaasar,  Ph.D.,P.Eng.  h1p://magedelaasar.com  

Simula  Research  Laboratory,  Norway  October,  2015  

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References  •  Friedenthal,  S.,  Burkhart,  R.:  Evolving  SysML  and  the  System  Modeling  Environment  to  Support  MBSE.  DraE  March  30,  2015.  

•  Delp,  C.,  Lee,  C.Y.,  PieNe,  M.:  Model-­‐Based  Engineering  Environment  for  Model-­‐Based  Engineering,  Jet  Propulsion  Laboratory,  Caltech  Ins<tute  of  Technology.  (PPT)  

•  Karban,  R.,  Delp,  C.,  Elaasar,  M.:  Reference  Architecture  for  a  Model  Based  Engineering  Environment  (MBEE),  Jet  Propulsion  Laboratory,  Caltech  Ins<tute  of  Technology.  (PPT)  

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Outline  

•  Background  •  Problem  statement  •  Requirements  •  Approach  •  Conclusion  

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Model  Based  Systems  Engineering  

•  MBSE  is  a  systems  engineering  methodology  which  focuses  on  crea<ng  and  exploi<ng  models  as  the  primary  means  of  informa<on  exchange  between  engineers,  rather  than  on  document-­‐based  informa<on  exchange  

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MBSE  Benefits  

•  Quality  improvements  by  reducing  downstream  design  errors  

•  Produc<vity  improvements  through  reuse  of  models  across  projects  and  throughout  the  lifecycle    

•  Ability  to  automate  tasks  like  change  impact  analysis  •  Auto-­‐generate  reports  and  documenta<on  with  increased  confidence  that  the  informa<on  is  valid,  complete,  and  consistent    

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System  Model  

•  A  shared  view  of  the  system    •  The  authorita<ve  source  of  informa<on  •  A  baseline  for  integra<on  with  other  engineering  models  and  tools.    

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Systems  Modeling  Language  

•  SysML  is  a  general-­‐purpose  graphical  modeling  language  for  specifying,  analyzing,  designing,  and  verifying  complex  systems  

•  SysML  models  hardware,  soEware,  informa<on,  personnel,  procedures,  and  facili<es  

•   SysML  provides  graphical  representa<ons  with  a  seman<c  founda<on  for  modeling  system  decomposi<on,  interfaces,  requirements,  behavior,  structure,  and  parametric  constraints.    

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SysML  Tool  Integra<on  •  With  soEware  design  tools,  especially  for  soEware  developed  with  UML  models,  since  SysML  is  based  on  UML  

•  With  engineering  analysis  and  simula<on  tools    (e.g.,  Mathema<ca)  

•  With  requirements  management  tools  (e.g.,  DOORS)  

•  With  product  lifecycle  management  tools  (e.g.,  Teamcenter)  

•  With  hardware  design  tools  (e.g.,  MCAD)  

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Challenges  of  MBSE  Adop<on  

•  Challenges  inherent  in  the  complexity  of  systems  and  systems  engineering  like  the  need  to  define  and  maintain  mul<ple  consistent  views  of  a  system  

•  Challenges  in  learning  a  formal  language  (SysML),  the  tools  to  build  and  maintain  models,  and  a  methodology  for  effec<ve  applica<on  of  the  language  and  tools  

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Problem  Statement  

•  There  is  a  need  to  define  a  System  Modeling  Environment  (SME)  to  facilitate  performing  MBSE    

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Use  Cases  for  SME    

•  BoNom  up  use  cases  – model  construc<on    – model  visualiza<on    – model  analysis    – model  management    – model  exchange  and  integra<on    

– Support  for  MBSE  collabora<on  and  workflow  

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Measures  of  Effec<veness  of  SME  

•  Expressive:  Ability  to  express  the  system  concepts    •  Precise:  Representa<on  is  unambiguous  and  concise    •  PresentaJon/communicaJon:  Ability  to  effec<vely  communicate  

with  diverse  stakeholders    •  Model  construcJon:  Ability  to  efficiently  and  intui<vely  construct  

models    •  Interoperable:  Ability  to  exchange  and  transform  data  with  other  

models  and  structured  data    •  Manageable:  Ability  to  efficiently  manage  change  to  models    •  Usable:  Ability  for  stakeholders  to  efficiently  and  intui<vely  create,  

maintain,  and  use  the  model    •  Adaptable/Customizable:  Ability  to  extend  models  to  support  

domain-­‐specific  concepts  and  terminology    

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Requirements  for  SME  

1.  Define  a  next  genera<on  modeling  language  that  expresses  the  core  systems  engineering  concepts  with  a  robust  data  model  –  Revisit/refine  the  original  System  Engineering  

Conceptual  Model  developed  by  INCOSE/OMG  in  light  of  what  has  been  learned  since  then  

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Requirements  for  SME  

2.  Ensure  the  system  modeling  language  –  Have  precise  seman<cs  to  avoid  ambiguity  •  SysML  leverages  UML  as  its  seman<c  founda<on  

–  Enable  a  concise  representa<on  of  concepts  •  SysML  is  defined  as  a  profile  of  UML  

–  Support  analysis  and  model  checking  capabili<es  •  Validate  model  is  logically  consistent  •  Analyze  impact  of  change  to  requirements  or  design  •  Assess  how  failure  propagates  through  the  system  

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Requirements  for  SME  

3.  Provide  rich  visualiza<on  and  repor<ng  capabili<es  to  support  different  stakeholders  –  SysML  includes  the  concepts  of  Viewpoint/View  –  Used  to  query  model  and  generate  documents  –  Extend  by  advanced  visualiza<on  techniques  •  Dynamic  zoom,  filtering,  traversal  of  rela<onships  and  

visualiza<on  of  dynamic  behavior  (like  simula<ons)  

–  Support  symbol  libraries  beyond  SysML  nota<on  –  Support  simplified  and  dynamic  viewpoints  

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Requirements  for  SME  

4.  Enable  intui<ve  and  efficient  model  construc<on  –  Streamline  user  interfaces  to  reduce  <me  and  

effort  to  construct/maintain  model  (less  clicks)  –  Add  ability  to  repeat  common  modeling  paNerns  –  Add  ability  to  reduce  user  input  (e.g.,  table  entry)  

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Requirements  for  SME  

5.  Support  MBSE  in  the  broader  context  of  Model  Based  Engineering  (MBE)  –  Integrate  models  and  tools  across  discipline-­‐

specific  engineering  tools  (hardware  and  soEware  design,  analysis  and  simula<on  and  verifica<on)  

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Requirements  for  SME  

6.  Provide  a  standard  API  to  enable  dynamic  access  to  the  model  with  access  controls  –  Enable  integra<on  with  emerging  plaiorms  for  

management  of  model-­‐based  content  (e.g.,  OSLC)  –  Enable  integra<on  with  model  exchange    and  co-­‐

simula<on  (e.g.,  FMI)  –  Enable  model  query,  view  and  transforma<on  

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Requirements  for  SME  

7.  Enable  management  of  models  in  a  heterogeneous  and  distributed  modeling  environment  –  Enable  branch/merge  capabili<es  on  models  –  Enable  compare  of  model  changes  by  mul<ple  

collabora<ng  users  –  Enable  versioning,  configura<on  and  variant  

management  on  models  

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Requirements  for  SME  

8.  Enable  efficient  and  intui<ve  use  by  a  broad  range  of  users  with  diverse  skills  –  Enable  different  levels  of  details  for  model  

construc<on,  visualiza<on,  management,  etc.  –  Focus  on  usability  for  every  kind  of  user  

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Requirements  for  SME  

9.  Enable  adaptability  and  customiza<on  to  mul<ple  applica<on  domains  –  Make  systems  modeling  language  extensible  to  

address  domain-­‐specific  concepts  –  Enable  construc<on,  analysis  and  visualiza<on  of  

domain-­‐specific  concepts  in  rigorous  ways  

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Requirements  for  SME  

10. Enable  migra<on  of  exis<ng  models  with  minimum  informa<on  loss  –  Enable  the  retaining  of  models  in  neutral  formats  

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Approach:  System  Modeling  Language  

•   Define  next  genera<on  systems  modeling  language  –  Choose  a  formalism  to  specify  the  concept  model  in  (M3)  

•  MOF,  UML  Profile,  OWL,  K,  etc.  –  Define  a  concept  model  for  the  language  (M2)  

•  Simplify,  streamline  and  consolidate  the  exis<ng  SysML  model  •  Several  aNempts  are  occurring  in  parallel  (e.g.,  JPL,  NoMagic,  etc.)  •  Coordinated  by  the  OMG  SysML  roadmap  working  group  

–  Define  domain-­‐specific  libraries  (M1)    •  Flight  systems,  ground  systems,  etc.  

–  Define  project/mission  specific  libraries  (M1)  •  Europa,  Mars2020,  etc.    

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Approach:  System  Modeling  Environment  

•  Use  SysML  with  the  Object-­‐Oriented  System  Engineering  Methodology  (OOSEM)  to  specify  the  SME  architecture  – Domain  (System  Modeling  Domain)  

•  Includes  the  enterprise,  its  stakeholders,  and  any  thing  that  affects  it  like  corporate/project  rules  

–  Enterprise  (System  Modeling  Enterprise)  •  Includes  the  system  of  interest,  the  development  environment,  prac<ces  repository  and  external  systems  like  analysis  tools  

–  System  of  interest  (System  Modeling  Environment)  •  Includes  all  tools  to  be  developed  like  model  editors,  model  repository,  model  manager,  exchange  bus,  etc.  

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System  Modeling  Domain  BDD  

SME  Domain  

SME  Enterprise  Stakeholder   Rules  

User   Reviewer   Sponsor  …..  

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System  Modeling  Enterprise  BDD  

SME  Enterprise  

SME  Black  Box  

Stakeholder  

Developer  Development  Environment  

Prac<ces  Repository  

External  Tools  

Office  Tool  

Analysis  Tool  

Engineering  Tool  …..  

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SME  Enterprise  Use  Cases  •  Architec<ng  •  Requirements  •  Analyzing  and  characteriza<on  the  design  •  Technical  resource  management  •  Defini<on  of  interfaces  •  Verifica<on  and  valida<on  •  Reviews  •  Risk  management  •  Change  management  and  impact  analysis  •  Task  management  

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Example:  V&V  Use  Cases  SME  Enterprise  

Review  Requirements  

Create  V&V  Plan  

Create  Verifica<on  Ac<vi<es  

Define  Test  

Procedures  

Execute  V&V  Plan  

V&V  System  Engineer  

<include>  <include>  

V&V  Execu<on  Team  

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Example:  Define  Test  Procedure  Ac<vity  acJvity  Define  Test  Procedure  

SME  Enterprise  

SME  

V&V  System  Engineer  

Request  Verifica<on  Ac<vity  

Get  Element  

Verifica<on  Ac<vity  id  

Specify  Test  Procedure  

:String  

element  

Verifica<on  Ac<vity  id  

Verifica<on  Ac<vity  

Submit  Test  Procedure  

Post  Element  

:Element  

Test  Procedure  

Test  Procedure  

:Test  Procedure   Test  Procedure  

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System  Modeling  Environment  

•  A  black  box  interface  – Block  with  ports  typed  by  Interface  blocks  

•  A  white  box  concept  design  – Block  with  parts  specifying  logical  SME  tools  – Parts  are  connected  to  black  box  ports  

•  A  white  box  realiza<on  design  – Block  with  parts  specifying  physical  SME  tools  – Parts  are  connected  to  black  box  ports  – Physical  parts  are  allocated  to  concept  parts  

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System  Modeling  Environment  BDD  

<Interface  Block>  Model  API  

Flow  Proper<es  <flow>  in  Id:  String  <flow>  inout  element:  Element  

SME  Black  Box  

Ports  :  Model  API  

SME  Concept   SME  Realiza<on  

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System  Modeling  Domain  IBD  SME  Domain  

:SME  Enterprise  

:Rules  

:Sponsor  

:Reviewer  

:User  :SME  Black  Box  

:Analysis  Tool  

:Prac<ces  Repository  

:Developer  

:Development  Environment  

String  Element  Element  

:Model  API  

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SME  Concept  BDD  SME  Concept  

Rich  Model  Editor  

Informa<on  Exchange  Mgr  

Web  Model  Editor  

Model  Editor   Model  Mgr   Model  Analyzer   Model  Repository  

Model  API  Library  

Model  Web  Service  

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SME  Concept  IBD  SME  Concept  

:Informa<on  Exchange  Mgr  :Rich  Model  

Editor  

:Model  API  

:Web  Model  Editor  

:Modeling  Web  Service  

:Model  API  Library  

:Model  Mgr  

:Model  Repository  

Model  Analyzer  

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Realiza<on  Example:  Open  MBEE*  •  Model  repository  

–  Implemented  using  an  enterprise  Content  Management  System  (CSM)  called  Alfresco  extended  with  Stanbol  seman<c  services  

–  Supports  access  control,  collabora<on,  no<fica<on,  versioning,  work  flow,  scalability  

–  The  system  modeling  language  is  defined  with  a  custom  content  model  in  Alfresco  

•  Model  Mgr  –  The  Model  Management  Service  (MMS)  provides  RESTful  APIs  (JSON  over  HTTP)  to  the  model  repository    

–  Supports  batch  as  well  as  interac<ve  model  API  •  Model  Web  Service  

–  The  Engineering  Model  Service  (EMS)  provides  RESTful  API  suppor<ng  the  View  Editor  web  applica<on  (which  provides  web-­‐based  document  interface  to  model  viewing/edi<ng)  

*  hNps://github.com/Open-­‐MBEE  

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Realiza<on  Example:  Open  MBEE*  •  Rich  Model  Editor  

–  MagicDraw  (MD)  SysML  tool  –  Model  Development  Kit  (MDK)  plugin  that  is  able  to  synchronize  MD’s  models  with  repository  

•  Web  Model  Editor  –  View  Editor  which  provides  web-­‐based  document  interface  to  model  viewing/edi<ng  

–  Provides  the  ability  to  define  a  document  template  with  SysML  Viewpoints  framework  and  a  DocGen  profile  

–  Allows  non-­‐SysML  modelers  to  contribute  content  to  model  •  Model  Analyzer  

–  Various  tools  including:  Modelica,  SLIM,  Pellet  Reaonser,  etc.  

*  hNps://github.com/Open-­‐MBEE  

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SME  Realiza<on  BDD  SME  Realiza<on  

MagicDraw  

Oracle  Service  Bus  

View  Editor  

Model  Editor   MMS   Modelica  

MMS  Java  API   EMS  

Alfresco  

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SME  Realiza<on  IBD  SME  Realiza<on  

:Oracle  Service  Bus  :MagicDraw  

:Model  API  

:View  Editor   :EMS  

:Model  Management  

Library  

:Modelica  

:MDK  :MMS  

:Alfresco  

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Summary  

•  MBSE  enables  the  use  of  model  for  SE  •  A  system  model  environment  (SME)  is  needed  to  facilitate  the  prac<ce  of  MBSE  –  Iden<fied  requirements  for  a  new  genera<on  of  system  modeling  language  or  tools  for  SME  

–  Rigorously  defined  the  architecture  of  SME  in  SysML  by  following  the  OOSEM  methodology  

•  Open  MBEE  is  one  realiza<on  of  SME  that  is  focused  on  web-­‐based  document  interface  to  system  models