Synthesis IV Term

7/27/2019 Synthesis IV Term

1/10

CONCEPTUALIZATION

Water is a chemical substance with the chemical formula H2O. A water

molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms connected by covalent

bonds. Water is a liquid at ambient conditions, but it often co-exists on Earth

with its solid state, ice, and gaseous state (water vapor or steam). Water also

exists in a liquid crystal state near hydrophilic surfaces.

Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface, and is vital for all known forms of

life.] On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's water is found in oceans, 1.7% in

groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a

small fraction in other large water bodies, and 0.001% in the air as vapor,

clouds (formed of solid and liquid water particles suspended in air), and

precipitation. Only 2.5% of the Earth's water is freshwater, and 98.8% of

that water is in ice and groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in

rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth'sfreshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured

products.


2/10

Water on Earth moves continually through the hydrological cycle of

evaporation and transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation,

precipitation, and runoff, usually reaching the sea. Evaporation and

transpiration contribute to the precipitation over land.

Safe drinking water is essential to humans and other lifeforms. Access to safe

drinking water has improved over the last decades in almost every part of the

world, but approximately one billion people still lack access to safe water and

over 2.5 billion lack access to adequate sanitation. There is a clear correlation

between access to safe water and GDP per capita.[8] However, some

observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the world population

will be facing water-based vulnerability. A recent report (November 2009)

suggests that by 2030, in some developing regions of the world, water demand

will exceed supply by 50%.Water plays an important role in the world economy,

as it functions as a solvent for a wide variety of chemical substances and

facilitates industrial cooling and transportation. Approximately 70% of the

fresh water used by humans goes to agriculture.

CONCEPTUALIZATION

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is almost

perfectlysphericaland consists of hot plasmainterwoven with magnetic fields.[12][13]It has a diameter of about 1,392,684 km,[5]about 109 times that

of Earth, and its mass (about 21030 kilograms, 330,000 times that of Earth)

accounts for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System.[14]Chemically, about three quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen,

while the rest is mostly helium. The remainder (1.69%, which nonetheless

equals 5,628 times the mass of Earth) consists of heavier elements,

including oxygen, carbon, neon and iron, among others.[15]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diameterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-arxiv1203_4898-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-Woolfson00-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-basu2008-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-basu2008-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_(physics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diameterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-arxiv1203_4898-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-Woolfson00-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun#cite_note-basu2008-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star


3/10

The Moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth,[d][7]and the fifth

largestsatellite in the Solar System. It is the largest natural satellite of a

planet in the Solar System relative to the size of its primary[e] , having 27%

the diameter and 60% the density of Earth, resulting in 181 its mass. The

Moon is the second densest satellite after Io, a satellite of Jupiter. It is

in synchronous rotationwith Earth, always showing the same face with its near

side marked by dark volcanicmaria that fill between the bright ancient crustal

highlands and the prominentimpact craters. The Moon is the brightest object

in the sky after the Sun, although its surface is actually very dark, with a

reflectance similar to that of coal. Its prominence in the sky and its regular

cycle of phaseshave, since ancient times, made the Moon an important cultural

influence on language, calendars, art andmythology. The Moon's gravitational

influence produces the ocean tides and theminute lengtheningof the day. The

Moon's current orbital distance, about thirty times the diameter of the

Earth, causes it to appear almost the same size in the sky as the Sun, allowing

it to cover the Sun nearly precisely in total solar eclipses. This matching of

apparent visual size is a coincidence. Earlier in Earth's history, the Moon was

closer to Earth, and would have had an apparent visual size greater than that

of the sun.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#cite_note-near-Earth_asteroids-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#cite_note-near-Earth_asteroids-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#cite_note-Morais2002-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_natural_satelliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_natural_satelliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_(astronomy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_(astronomy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#cite_note-Charon_and_Pluto-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#cite_note-Charon_and_Pluto-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Io_(moon)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous_rotationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_side_of_the_Moonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_side_of_the_Moonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_marehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_craterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_craterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_phaseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#Name_and_etymologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_calendarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_in_fictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_deityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_tideshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_accelerationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_eclipsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_satellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#cite_note-near-Earth_asteroids-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#cite_note-Morais2002-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_natural_satelliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_natural_satelliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_Systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_(astronomy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#cite_note-Charon_and_Pluto-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Io_(moon)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous_rotationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_side_of_the_Moonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_side_of_the_Moonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_marehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_craterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_phaseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#Name_and_etymologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_calendarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_in_fictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_deityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_tideshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_accelerationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_eclipse


4/10

England is the largest, and most populous constituent country of the UnitedKingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Its inhabitants account formore than 83% of the total population of the United Kingdom, while themainland territory of England occupies most of the southern two-thirds of the

island of Great Britain and shares land borders with Scotland to the north andWales to the west. Elsewhere, it is bordered by the North Sea, Irish Sea,Celtic Sea, Bristol Channel and English Channel.

England became a unified state in the year 927 and takes its name from theAngles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled there during the 5th and 6thcenturies. The capital of England is London, the largest urban area in GreatBritain, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most, but not all,measures.

England ranks amongst the world's most influential and far-reaching centresof cultural development. It is the place of origin of the English language andthe Church of England, and English law forms the basis of the legal systems ofmany countries; in addition, London was the centre of the British Empire, andthe country was the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution. England was thefirst country in the world to become industrialised England is home to theRoyal Society, which laid the foundations of modern experimental science.

England was the world's first modern parliamentary democracy andconsequently many constitutional, governmental and legal innovations that hadtheir origin in England have been widely adopted by other nations.

The Kingdom of England was a separate state, including the Principality of

Wales, until 1 May1707, when the Acts of Union resulted in a political union

with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituent_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Britainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_peopleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrialisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglospherehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principality_of_Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principality_of_Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1707http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituent_countryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Britainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Channelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_peopleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_systemshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrialisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglospherehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principality_of_Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principality_of_Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1707http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain


5/10

Geography

England comprises the central and southern two-thirds of the island of GreatBritain, plus offshore islands of which the largest is the Isle of Wight. It isbordered to the north by Scotland and to the west by Wales. It is closer tocontinental Europe than any other part of Britain, divided from France only bya 24-statute mile (52 km or 21 nautical mile) sea gap. The Channel Tunnel, nearFolkestone, directly links England to the European mainland. TheEnglish/French border is halfway along the tunnel.

Much of England consists of rolling hills, but it is generally more mountainousin the north with a chain of low mountains, the Pennines, dividing east and

west. Other hilly areas in the north and Midlands are the Lake District, theNorth York Moors, and the Peak District. The approximate dividing linebetween terrain types is often indicated by the Tees-Exe line. To the south ofthat line, there are larger areas of flatter land, including East Anglia and theFens, although hilly areas include the Cotswolds, the Chilterns, the North andSouth Downs, Dartmoor and Exmoor.

The largest natural harbour in England is at Poole, on the south-central coast.Some regard it as the second largest harbour in the world, after Sydney,Australia, although this fact is disputed (see harbours for a list of other largenatural harbour).

Borders

North: Scotland

South: English Channel France

West: Irish Sea Ireland

East: North Sea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isle_of_Wighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo_Scottish_borderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mile#Statute_mileshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_milehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_Tunnelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkestonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_York_Moorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_Districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tees-Exe_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Angliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotswoldshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilternshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Downshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Downshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dartmoorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exmoorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isle_of_Wighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo_Scottish_borderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mile#Statute_mileshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_milehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_Tunnelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkestonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_York_Moorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_Districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tees-Exe_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Angliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotswoldshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilternshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Downshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Downshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dartmoorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exmoorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbour


6/10

Climate

England has a temperate climate, with plentiful rainfall all year round,although the seasons are quite variable in temperature. However,

temperatures rarely fall below 5 C (23 F) or rise above 30 C (86 F). Theprevailing wind is from the south-west, bringing mild and wet weather toEngland regularly from the Atlantic Ocean. It is driest in the east andwarmest in the south, which is closest to the European mainland. Snowfall canoccur in winter and early spring, although it is not that common away from highground. The highest temperature recorded in England is 38.5 C (101.3 F) onAugust 10, 2003 at Brogdale, near Faversham, in Kent. The lowesttemperature recorded in England is 26.1 C (15.0 F) on January 10, 1982 atEdgmond, near Newport, in Shropshire.

SYMBOLS OF ENGLAND

The three national symbols of England are the St. George's cross (usually seenas a flag), the red rose and the Three Lionscrest (usually seen as a badge).

St George's Flag, the England Flag Three Lions Emblem

The three lions are on the badge

of England's cricket team

The three lions are on the badge

of England's football team
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seasonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brogdalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favershamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgmond%2C_Shropshirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newport%2C_Shropshirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shropshirehttp://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/worksheets/symbols.htmhttp://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/motto.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seasonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brogdalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favershamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgmond%2C_Shropshirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newport%2C_Shropshirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shropshirehttp://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/worksheets/symbols.htmhttp://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/motto.html


7/10

The red rose is widely recognised

as the national flower of England.

The red rose is on the badge of

the English Rugby Union team.

The oak is the national tree of England

The Royal Family

Queen Elizabeth Prince Charles Prince William


8/10

These are the important signs to know:

=If two values are equal, we use the "equals"sign

example: 2+2 = 4

If two values are definitely not equal, we usethe "not equal to" sign

example: 2+2 9

And if one value is bigger than another, wecan use a "greater than" sign

example: 9 > 6

The "less than" sign and the "greater than" sign look like a "V" on its side,don't they?

To remember which way around the "" signs go, just remember: BIG > small small < BIG

The "small" end always points to the smaller number, like this:


9/10

Greater Than Symbol: BIG > small

Example:

10 > 5"10 isgreater than5"

Or the other way around:

5 < 10

"5 isless than10"

Do you see how the symbol "points at" the smaller value?... Or Equal To ...Sometimes you know that a value is smaller, but may also be equal to!


10/10

Example, a jug can hold up to 4 cups ofwater.So how much water is in it?Until you measure it, all you can say is "lessthanor equal to" 4 cups.

To show this, we add an extra line at the bottom of the "less than" or

"greater than" symbol like this:The "less than or equal to" sign:

The "greater than or equal to"sign:

Documents

Synthesis IV Term