synthesis iv term 2°

7/27/2019 synthesis iv term 2

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ADJECTIVE

In grammar, an adjective is a word whose main syntactic role is to modify a nounorpronoun (called the adjective's subject), giving more information about what thenoun or pronoun refers to. Collectively, adjectives form one of the traditional eightparts of speech, though linguists today distinguish adjectives from words such asdeterminers that used to be considered adjectives but that are now recognized tobe different.

Face Shape

Complexion

Thin Fat (plump) Tall Short

Eyes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntaxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_modifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nounhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronounhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject_(grammar)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speechhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determinerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntaxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_modifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nounhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronounhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject_(grammar)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speechhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguisticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determiner


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Large Eyes Small Eyes

Almond-shaped eyes Round eyes

Mouth/Lips

Thin lips Full lips

Hair

Wavy hair Curly hair Straight hair Spiky

hair

Hair colors

Black, brown, blond, auburn, red, gray, silver, white


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FORM SUBJECT BE VERB Contraction EXAMPLE

affirmative

sentences

( + )

1st person I am I'm I'm here.

2nd person you are you're You're busy.

3rd person he is he's He's a friend.

3rd person she is she's She's a doctor.

3rd person it is it's It's cold today.

1st person

pl.we are we're We're hungry.

2nd person

pl.you are you're

You're

beautiful.

3rd person

pl.they are they're They're asleep.

SUBJECT BE VERB Contraction EXAMPLE

negative

sentences

( - )

I am not I'm not I'm not thirsty.

you are notyou aren't

you're not

You aren't here.

You're not a cat!

he is not he isn'the's not

He isn't there.He's not at home.

she is notshe isn't

she's not

She isn't a mother.

She's not an actress.

it is notit isn't

it's not

It isn't warm today.

It's not too hot today.

we are notwe aren't

we're not

We aren't asleep.

We're not sleepy.

you are notyou aren't

you're not

You aren't tired.

You're not at work.

they are notthey aren't

they're not

They aren't here.

They're not at work.


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BE VERB & SUBJECT(+) Short

Answer

(-) Short

Answer

questions

( ? )

Am I correct? Yes, I am. No, I'm not.

Are you tired? Yes, you are.No, you aren't.

No, you're not.

Is he asleep? Yes, he is.No, he isn't.

No, he's not.

Is she here? Yes, she is.No, she isn't.

No, she's not.

Is it warm? Yes, it is.

No, it isn't.

No, it's not.

Are we students? Yes, we are.No, we aren't.

No, we're not.

Are you thirsty? Yes, you are.No, you aren't.

No, you're not.

Are they here? Yes, they are.No, they aren't.

No, they're not.

PROFESSIONS:

SECRETARY - FARMER - ARCHITECT - NURSE - HOSTESS - VET

TEACHER - POLICE OFFICER - SINGER - COOK - PAINTER

JOURNALIST - DOCTOR - PILOT - WAITER - MECHANIC

POSTMAN - WAITRESS - PHOTOGRAPHER - BAKER

HOUSEWIFE - BUTCHER - STUDENT - HAIRDRESSER

BUS DRIVER - DENTIST - FACTORY WORKER - BARBER


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It is not always an easy thing to tell the difference between living, dead, and non-living things. Prior to the 1600's many people believed that nonliving things could

spontaneously turn into living things. For example, it was believed that piles of

straw could turn into mice.

That is obviously not the case. There are some very general rules to follow when

trying to decide if something is living, dead, or non-living. Listed here are the six

rules used by scientists:

Living things are made of cells.

Living things obtain and use energy. Living things grow and develop.

Living things reproduce.

Living things respond to their environment.

Living things adapt to their environment.

If something follows one or just a few of the rules listed above, it does not

necessarily mean that it is living. To be considered alive, an object must exhibit all

of the characteristics of living things. Sugar crystals growing on the bottom of a

syrup container is a good example of a nonliving object that displays at least one

criteria for living organisms.

Can you think of some other examples of nonliving objects displaying living

characteristics?


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CONCEPTUALIZATION

*

LIVING THINGS

We are surrounded by living and non-living things. All animals and plants are living

things and biology is the study of these living things. A cat playing with a ball is

obviously living. A pigeon flying from tree to tree is also a living thing.

Sometimes it is not so easy to decide. Plants are living things but they do not play

with balls or fly. If something is living it will carry out all of the seven activities

shown opposite.Some non-living things show one or two of the seven characteristics of living

things.

Machines, such as washing machines, can move. The car needs to be fed with

petrol in order to move.

Crystals, such as ice crystals forming on a window, grow bigger if the conditions

are right. For something to be living it has to show allof the seven characteristics

of living things.

The Seven Characteristics of Living Things

Feeding: All living organisms need to take substances from their environment

to obtain energy, to grow and to stay healthy.

* http://www.saburchill.com/chapters/chap0001.html


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Movement: All living organisms show movement of one kind or another. All

living organisms have internal movement, which means that they have theability of moving substances from one part of their body to another. Some livingorganisms show external movement as well - they can move from place toplace by walking, flying or swimming.

Breathing or Respiration: All living things exchange gases with their

environment. Animals take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.

Excretion: Excretion is the removal of waste from the body. If this waste was

allowed to remain in the body it could be poisonous. Humans produce a liquidwaste called urine. We also excrete waste when we breathe out. All livingthings need to remove waste from their bodies.

Growth: When living things feed they gain energy. Some of this energy is

used in growth. Living things become larger and more complicated as they

grow.

Sensitivity: Living things react to changes around them. We react to touch,

light, heat, cold and sound, as do other living things.

Reproduction: All living things produce young. Humans make babies, cats

produce kittens and pigeons lay eggs. Plants also reproduce. Many makeseeds which can germinate and grow into new plants

NON-LIVING THINGS

Sand, wood and glass are all non-living things. None of them shows any of the

characteristics listed above. Non-living things can be divided into two groups. First,

come those which were never part of a living thing, such as stone and gold.

The second group are those which were once part of living things. Coal is a good

example. It was formed when trees died and sank into the soft ground. This

happened many millions of years ago when the Earth was covered with forests.

Paper is non-living but it is also made from trees. Jam is also non-living but it was

made from the fruit of a plant.


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England is the largest, and most populous constituent country of the United

Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Its inhabitants account for

more than 83% of the total population of the United Kingdom, while the

mainland territory of England occupies most of the southern two-thirds of theisland of Great Britain and shares land borders with Scotland to the north and

Wales to the west. Elsewhere, it is bordered by the North Sea, Irish Sea,

Celtic Sea, Bristol Channel and English Channel.

England became a unified state in the year 927 and takes its name from the

Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled there during the 5th and 6th

centuries. The capital of England is London, the largest urban area in Great

Britain, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most, but not all,

measures.

England ranks amongst the world's most influential and far-reaching centres

of cultural development. It is the place of origin of the English language and

the Church of England, and English law forms the basis of the legal systems of

many countries; in addition, London was the centre of the British Empire, and

the country was the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution. England was the

first country in the world to become industrialised England is home to the

Royal Society, which laid the foundations of modern experimental science.England was the world's first modern parliamentary democracy and

consequently many constitutional, governmental and legal innovations that had

their origin in England have been widely adopted by other nations.
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The Kingdom of England was a separate state, including the Principality of

Wales, until 1 May1707, when the Acts of Union resulted in a political union

with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain

Geography

England comprises the central and southern two-thirds of the island of Great

Britain, plus offshore islands of which the largest is the Isle of Wight. It is

bordered to the north by Scotland and to the west by Wales. It is closer to

continental Europe than any other part of Britain, divided from France only by

a 24-statute mile (52 km or 21 nautical mile) sea gap. The Channel Tunnel, nearFolkestone, directly links England to the European mainland. The

English/French border is halfway along the tunnel.

Much of England consists of rolling hills, but it is generally more mountainous

in the north with a chain of low mountains, the Pennines, dividing east and

west. Other hilly areas in the north and Midlands are the Lake District, the

North York Moors, and the Peak District. The approximate dividing line

between terrain types is often indicated by the Tees-Exe line. To the south of

that line, there are larger areas of flatter land, including East Anglia and the

Fens, although hilly areas include the Cotswolds, the Chilterns, the North and

South Downs, Dartmoor and Exmoor.

The largest natural harbour in England is at Poole, on the south-central coast.

Some regard it as the second largest harbour in the world, after Sydney,

Australia, although this fact is disputed (see harbours for a list of other largenatural harbour).

Borders
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North: Scotland

South: English Channel France

West: Irish Sea Ireland

East: North Sea

Climate

England has a temperate climate, with plentiful rainfall all year round,

although the seasons are quite variable in temperature. However,

temperatures rarely fall below 5 C (23 F) or rise above 30 C (86 F). The

prevailing wind is from the south-west, bringing mild and wet weather to

England regularly from the Atlantic Ocean. It is driest in the east and

warmest in the south, which is closest to the European mainland. Snowfall can

occur in winter and early spring, although it is not that common away from high

ground. The highest temperature recorded in England is 38.5 C (101.3 F) on

August 10, 2003 at Brogdale, near Faversham, in Kent. The lowest

temperature recorded in England is 26.1 C (15.0 F) on January 10, 1982 at

Edgmond, near Newport, in Shropshire.

SYMBOLS OF ENGLAND

The three national symbols of England are the St. George's cross (usually seen

as a flag), the red rose and the Three Lionscrest (usually seen as a badge).

St George's Flag, the England Flag Three Lions Emblem
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The three lions are on the badge

of England's cricket team

The three lions are on the badge

of England's football team

The red rose is widely recognised

as the national flower of England.

The red rose is on the badge of

the English Rugby Union team.

The oak is the national tree of England

The Royal Family

Queen Elizabeth Prince Charles Prince William


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Division

Division is splitting into equal parts or groups.

It is the result of "fair sharing".

Example: there are 12 chocolates, and 3 friends want to share them, how do

they divide the chocolates?

12 Chocolates 12 Chocolates Divided by 3

Answer: 12 divided by 3 is 4: they get 4 each.

Symbols

/We use the symbol, or sometimes the/ symbol to mean divide:


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12 3 = 4

12 / 3 = 4

I will use both symbols here so you get used to it.

Opposite of Multiplying

Division is the opposite of multiplying. If you know a multiplication fact you can

find a division fact:

Example: 3 5 = 15, so 15 / 5 = 3.

Also 15 / 3 = 5.

Why? Well it is easy to understand if you think of the numbers in rows and columns

like in this illustration:

Multiplication... ...Division

3 groups of 5 make15...

so 15 divided by 3is 5

and also:

5 groups of 3 make15...

so 15 divided by 5is 3.

So there are four related facts:

3 5 = 15

5 3 = 15

15 / 3 = 5

15 / 5 = 3

Knowing yourMultiplication Tables can help you with division!

Example: What is 56 7 ?

Searching around the multiplication table you find that 56 is 7 8, so 56

divided by 7 must be 8. Answer: 56 7 = 8.
http://www.mathsisfun.com/tables.htmlhttp://www.mathsisfun.com/tables.html


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Names

There are special names for each number in a division:

dividend divisor = quotient

Example: in 12 3 = 4:

12 is the dividend

3 is the divisor

4 is the quotient

But Sometimes It Does Not Work Perfectly!

Sometimes you cannot divide things up evenly ... there may be something left over.

Example: There are 7 bones to share with 2 pups.

But 7 cannot be divided exactly into 2 groups,

so each pup gets 3 bones,

but there will be 1 left over:

We call that the Remainder.


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EXAMPLE


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synthesis iv term 2°