Synapseindia Android Tutorial

8/10/2019 Synapseindia Android Tutorial

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Android Tutorial


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Tools

PhoneEclipse ( http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/ )

Android Plugin (ADT)

Android SDK ( http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html )Install everything except Additional SDKPlatforms, unless you want to

Windows Users: may need to install MotorolaDriver directly ( http://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-

Charging-Drivers )
http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.htmlhttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://www.motorola.com/Support/US-EN/Support-Homepage/Software_and_Drivers/USB-and-PC-Charging-Drivershttp://developer.android.com/sdk/index.htmlhttp://www.eclipse.org/downloads/


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Android SDK

Once installed open the SDK ManagerInstall the desired packages

Create an Android Virtual Device (AVD)


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SDK Manager


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AVD


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ADT Plugin (1)

In Eclipse, go to Help -> Install New SoftwareClick Add in top right Enter:

Name: ADT PluginLocation: https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/

Click OK, then select Developer Tools, click Next Click Next and then Finish

Afterwards, restart EclipseSpecify SDK location (next 3 slides)

Must do this every time start a new project in a newlocation (at least in Windows)


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ADT Plugin (2)


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ADT Plugin (3)


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ADT Plugin (4)


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Creating a Project (1)


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Creating a Project (2)

Needtheitemscircled

ThenclickFinish


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Project Components

src your source codegen auto-generated code (usually just R.java)Included librariesResources

Drawables (like .png images)LayoutsValues (like strings)

Manifest file


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XML

Used to define some of the resourcesLayouts (UI)Strings

Manifest fileShouldnt usually have to edit it directly,Eclipse can do that for you

Preferred way of creating UIsSeparates the description of the layout from anyactual code that controls itCan easily take a UI from one platform to another


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R Class

Auto- generated: you shouldnt edit it Contains IDs of the project resourcesEnforces good software engineeringUse findViewById and Resources object toget access to the resources

Ex. Button b = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1)Ex. getResources().getString(R.string. hello ));


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Layouts (1)

Eclipse has a great UI creatorGenerates the XML for you

Composed of View objectsCan be specified for portrait and landscapemode

Use same file name, so can make completely

different UIs for the orientations without modifyingany code


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Layouts (2)


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Layouts (3)

Click Create to make layout modifications When in portrait mode can select Portrait to make ares sub folder for portrait layouts

Likewise for Landscape layouts while in landscape modeWill create folders titled layout -port and layout -land

Note: these port and land folders are examples ofalternate layouts, see here for more info

http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html

Avoid errors by making sure components have thesame id in both orientations, and that youve testedeach orientation thoroughly
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/providing-resources.html


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Layouts (4)


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Strings

In res/valuesstrings.xml

Application wide available strings

Promotes good software engineeringUI components made in the UI editor shouldhave text defined in strings.xml

Strings are just one kind of Value there aremany others


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Manifest File (1)

Contains characteristics about your applicationWhen have more than one Activity in app, NEED tospecify it in manifest file

Go to graphical view of the manifest file Add an Activity in the bottom rightBrowse for the name of the activity

Need to specify Services and other components too

Also important to define permissions and externallibraries, like Google Maps API


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Manifest File (2) Adding an Activity


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Android Programming Components

Activityhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals/activities.html

Servicehttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals/services.html

Content ProvidersBroadcast Receivers

Android in a nutshell:http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals.html
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals/activities.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals/services.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals/services.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals/services.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals/activities.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/guide/topics/fundamentals/activities.html


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Activities (1)

The basis of android applications A single Activity defines a single viewablescreen

the actions, not the layoutCan have multiple per applicationEach is a separate entity

They have a structured life cycleDifferent events in their life happen either via theuser touching buttons or programmatically


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Activities (2)


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Services (1)

Run in the backgroundCan continue even if Activity that started it diesShould be used if something needs to be done while the user is notinteracting with application

Otherwise, a thread is probably more applicableShould create a new thread in the service to do work in, since theservice runs in the main thread

Can be bound to an applicationIn which case will terminate when all applications bound to it unbind

Allows multiple applications to communicate with it via a commoninterface

Needs to be declared in manifest fileLike Activities, has a structured life cycle


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Services (2)


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Running in Eclipse (1)

Similar to launching a regular Java app, usethe launch configurationsSpecify an Android Application and create a

new oneSpecify activity to be runCan select a manual option, so each timeprogram is run, you are asked whether youwant to use the actual phone or the emulator

Otherwise, it should be smart and use whicheverone is available


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USB Debugging

Should be enabled on phone to usedeveloper featuresIn the main apps screen select Settings ->

Applications -> Development -> USBdebugging (it needs to be checked)


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Android Debug Bridge

Used for a wide variety of developer tasksRead from the log fileShow what android devices are available

Install android applications (.apk files)

In the platform -tools directory of the mainandroid sdk directory

Recommend putting this directory and the toolsdirectory on the system path

adb.exe


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Debugging

Instead of using traditional System.out.println, use the Log classImported with android.util.LogMultiple types of output (debug, warning, error, ) Log.d(,)

Can be read using logcat.

Print out the whole log, which auto-updatesadb logcatErase log

adb logcat cFilter output via tags

adb logcat : *:Scan have multiple : filters corresponds to debug, warning, error, etc.If use Log.d(), then = D

Reference


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Screen Shots

Some say you need to root the phone thatis not trueOne option: Android Screen Capture

http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/Its slow, but fine for screenshots of applicationswhose screens arent changing fast

Read their installation help, following the extrasteps if need be (I had to copy adb.exe and somedll files, as they explain)
http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/http://www.mightypocket.com/2010/08/android-screenshots-screen-capture-screen-cast/


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Maps Example (1)

Using Google Maps in your appSetup project to use Google API version Edit Manifest file

To indicate the app will use maps and the internetGet a maps API keyNote: Google Maps API can display a map and draw overlays,but is not the full Google Maps experience you enjoy on the web

For example, there does not seem to be inherent support fordrawing routes between points (if you find it let meknow)however, you can draw lines between points and almostany type of overlay, but thats different than street routes The directions API is a web service, which is different, amongseveral other Google web services

Read the Google API terms of use


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Maps Example (2)


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Maps Example (3) Manifest (1)

Open Manifest file Add map library tag

Add the Uses Library com.google.android.maps Indicate the app will access the internet

Add the Permission android.permission.lNTERNET End goal is to add the following two lines to XML file,under the and ,respectively

Under the tag

Under the tag

Following is GUI way to add them


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1

2


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Select Add under Uses Library (last slide) Then select Uses Library at this prompt Set name as: com.google.android.maps (nextslide) and save


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1


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Select Permissions and then Add (last slide) Select Uses Permissions at this prompt Set name to: android.permission.INTERNETand save (next slide)


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Maps Example (10) Maps API Key (1)

All Android applications need to be signedThe debug mode signs for you with special debugcertificate

All MapView elements in map applicationsneed to have an API key associated withthem

That key must be registered with the certificate

used to sign the appWhen releasing app, need to sign with arelease certificate and get a new API Key


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Maps Example (11) Maps API Key (2)

For debug mode, get the MD5 fingerprint of the debug certificateLocate the keystore

Windows Vista: C:\Users\\.android\debug.keystoreWindows XP: C:\Documents and Settings\\.android\debug.keystore OS X and Linux: ~/.android/debug.keystore

Use Keytool (comes with Java, in the bin directory with the otherJava tools, should put that dir on system PATH) to get fingerprint

keytool -list v -alias androiddebugkey -keystore -storepass android -keypass android

If dont include v option, then will probably get only 1 fingerprint, and if itsnot MD5, then need v (Java 7 needs v)

Extract the MD5 fingerprint, SHA will not work unfortunatelyGo to https://code.google. com/android/maps-api-signup.html ,agree to terms and paste MD5 fingerprint, you will then be givenan API Key
http://code.google.com/android/maps-api-signup.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/maps-api-signup.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/maps-api-signup.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/maps-api-signup.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/maps-api-signup.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/maps-api-signup.html


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Maps Example (12)

Need to put MapView tag in XMLcom.google.android.maps.MapViewMapView is the basic view that represents a Google MapdisplayMust include API Key in XML, inside a layout

Maps API Referencehttp://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis/reference/index.html
http://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis/reference/index.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis/reference/index.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis/reference/index.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis/reference/index.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis/reference/index.htmlhttp://code.google.com/android/add-ons/google-apis/reference/index.html