Vesalius College Fall 2013 Course POL337E Convener: Hubertus Juergenliemk

Upated 6 September 2013, 16h30

The EU as an International Actor: Civilian Approaches to Promoting Security and Development Sessions running from 30 August to 13 December 2013 Lecture: Friday – 08:30-10:00 am Seminar: Friday –10:00-11:30am Room: VeCo 1 Course assessment, grading and deadlines

• 11 October 2013 – Mid-term exam (20%) • 29 November 2013 – Course paper (3000 words) (30%) • Week of 13 December 2013 – Final exam (35%) • 10 min presentation incl. handout and in-class participation (15%)

Course objectives

• To provide a common understanding of the key concepts in European security and development policy

• For students to engage critically and constructively with the literature on the European Union as international actor in the field of security and development

• To enable students applying theories and frameworks to the actors, institutions, instruments and practices of the European Union’s development and security policies in regard to selected case studies

• For Students to be familiar with assessing diverging arguments from different authors and sources, pointing out their strengths and weaknesses

Office hours Friday, 11:30-12:30 or by appointment. Please contact: Hubertus.juergenliemk@ulb.ac.be

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Course description This course covers the ideas, concepts, institutions and policies of the European Union at the interface of security and development. The fields of security studies and development studies are still widely seen as distinctive with their own discourse, agenda and ways of studying them. Failing to understand the linkages and promoting security and development policies separately will often lead to failure and human suffering. This view is prominently reflected in the 2005 United Nations report “In Larger Freedom”, which states: “Humanity will not enjoy security without development, it will not enjoy development without security, and will not enjoy either without respect for human rights” (UN 2005:6)1. The context for the course is given by the crisis and conflicts the EU engaged in since the end of the Cold War. The selected case studies are EU security and development policies in Northern Africa, Kosovo and the Balkans and in the Democratic Republic of Congo. They are each used to question the linkage between development and securities on the ground and the emerging practice of the EU institutions to act comprehensively. Course aims The aims of the course are to familiarise students with

• Security and development policies in theory and practice • The European Union as a political system and as an actor in international

politics • The European Union’s security and development policies • The EU’s civilian crisis management as the mid-way between military

interventions and development policies • The European engagement on the ground in Northern Africa, the Balkans and

Central Africa Course objectives

• To provide a common understanding of the key concepts in European security and development policy

• For students to engage critically and constructively with the literature on the European Union as international actor in the field of security and development

• To enable students applying theories and frameworks to the actors, institutions, instruments and practices of the European Union’s development and security policies in regard to selected case studies

• For Students to be familiar with assessing diverging arguments from different authors and sources, pointing out their strengths and weaknesses

1 United Nations 2005: A/59/2005: In Larger Freedom: Towards Development, Security and Human

Rights for all - Report of the Secretary-General (21 March 2005). New York: United Nations. http://www.un.org/largerfreedom/contents.htm

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Session outline by week

1. 30 August 2013, The EU as a political system and as an international actor2

2. 6 September 2013, Exploring key concepts in international security

3. 13 September 2013, Exploring key concepts, theories of development and development targets

4. 20 September 2013, The EU as a security actor

5. 27 September 2013, Visit to NATO Shape: Presentations on NATO crisis

response operations and EU-NATO cooperation

6. 4 October 2013, The EU’s development, humanitarian and structural policies

7. 11 October 2013, Mid-term exams

8. 18 October 2013, The EU’s civilian crisis management and CSDP

9. 25 October 2013, Visit to the European Commission and European External Action Service 1 November 2013, Fall recess: no classes

10. 8 November 2013, Case I: The EU in DR Congo, followed by Simulation (I)

11. 15 November 2013, EU in Congo seminar, followed by presentation of results

of Simulation (II)

12. 22 November 2013, Case II: Development, crisis response and security in Northern Africa: The case of Libya

13. 29 November 2013, Case III: The EU’s security and development policies in Kosovo and the Balkans

14. 6 December 2013, Revision session

15. 13 December 2013, Final exams 2 Please attend session 5 lecture on ‘The EU’s Foreign Policy of Effective Multilateralism: Between Hard and Soft Power’, given by Professor Dr. Joachim A. Koops for the course ‘235E: The EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy in Theory and Practice’

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Teaching methods Teaching will be done in lectures and seminars. The lectures will provide an overview of the key topics and lead over to discussions in the seminars. The seminars are interactive, based on the readings and to ensure students are able to follow the course content. As a consequence the required readings are essential to pass the course and compulsory. Unannounced written tests will be done when the knowledge of the texts is not satisfactory. The recommended readings provide additional information for presentations and for the course papers. Presentations will give students the opportunity to prepare their course paper and present their findings to the group. The presentation can be on the same topic as the course paper. One interactive simulation of planning an EU civilian crisis management operation in the Democratic Republic of Congo will help students understand the processes and practices of the European Union. A conflict analysis will equally be carried out. In addition, a selection of movies is offered to offer a visual perspective on issues related to European Union security and development policy. Course assessment Students will be evaluated on the basis of a presentation and their classroom participation, the course paper and two written exams. The presentation should be on the same topic as the course paper. The final grade consists of the following components:

• 11 October 2013 – Mid-term exam (20%) • 29 November 2013 – Course paper (3000 words) (30%) • 06 December 2013 – Final exam (35%) • 10 min presentation incl. handout and in-class participation (15%)

Assessment criteria for the course Paper are

• Clearly Formulated Research Question (RQ) • Clear Structure and use of wide range of relevant academic sources and

display of awareness of key works • Capacity to analyze and to develop a critical assessment of both empirical as

well as theoretical materials. • Capacity to advance original insights and independent thought • Capacity to synthesize arguments and to apply concepts / theoretical

discussions to empirical information References and Plagiarism Plagiarism will not be accepted and will lead to a meeting with the Dean and failure of the paper. Proper academic conduct includes references, attribution of external work and correct use of information. If you have any questions about this, please ask the course convener or your Academic Adviser.

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Grading Scale of Vesalius College Grade Scale of 20 Scale of 100 A 17.0-20.0 85-100 A- 16.1-16.9 81-84 B+ 15.3-16.0 77-80 B 14.5-15.2 73-76 B- 13.7-14.4 69-72 C+ 13.1-13.6 66-68 C 12.3-13.0 62-65 C- 11.5-12.2 58-61 D+ 10.7-11.4 54-57 D 10.0-10.6 50-53 F Below 50 0-49

Recommended textbooks and background readings The course will not use one textbook, but the following books might refresh your knowledge in European and international politics. Baylis, J./ Smith, S./ Owens, P. 2008: The Globalization of World Politics: An

Introduction to International Relations. Oxford/ New York: Oxford University Press (4th ed).

One of the best introductory textbooks on International Politics. It brings together a wide-ranging group of eminent scholars and thus serves as a good background reader but the material covered is not directly related to the course.

Crocker, C. A./ Hampson, F. O./ Aall, P. R. 2007: Leashing the dogs of war: conflict management in a divided world. Washington: United States Institute of Peace Press.

A very good selection of authoritative texts on conflict management. An excellent first guide for essays and presentations.

Hill, C./ Smith, M., (ed). 2011: International Relations and the European Union. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

A good textbook on the European Union in International Relations. Adebajo, A./ Whiteman, K., (ed). 2012: The EU and Africa: From Eurafrique to Afro-

Europa. New York: Columbia University Press. A recent survey of EU-Africa relations, tackling development and security issues. Online resources The websites below give additional information to the readings provided and are useful for policy and in-depth analysis of issues in international security. They should be read in conjunction with the main international news sources such as the BBC, The Economist, The New York Times, The Financial Times, Al Jazeera, Le Monde. Information provided by governments and international organizations (WB, UNDP, EU, AU, UN, IMF) relevant to this course are a useful complement. In particular useful are:

• International Crisis Group: http://www.crisisgroup.org/ • Academic and Policy related texts, International Relations and Security

Network: http://www.isn.ethz.ch/ • The international security information service (isis) provides good information

on the EU and its operations: http://www.isis-europe.eu/

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• One of the most influential US think tanks with an offspring in Brussels, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: http://www.carnegieendowment.org/

• The European Union Institute for Security Studies is the EU’s think tank for security: www.iss.europa.eu

• The Global Governance Institute is a Brussels-based Think Tank, headed by VeCo’s Professor Dr Joachim Koops: www.globalgovernance.eu

• UK based Think Tanks include, Chatham House: http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk, the International Institute for Strategic Studies: http://www.iiss.org, and the UK Royal United Services Institute (RUSI): http://www.rusi.org

• Belgium’s leading Think Tank on security is Egmont: http://www.egmontinstitute.be

• Germany based Think Tanks include SWP in Berlin: http://www.swp-berlin.org, CAP in Munich: http://www.cap.uni-muenchen.de, and DGAP: http://www.dgap.org Newspapers

• Good EU newspapers include the EU Observer: http://euobserver.com, European Voice: http://www.europeanvoice.com: EurActiv: http://www.euractiv.com and the Brussels security insider blog: http://www.bruxelles2.eu/category/breves

• For non-European coverage, visit: http://ipsnews.net/, http://www.chinaview.cn/, http://rt.com/news/, http://www.aljazeera.com/

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Session 1, 30 August 2013 Lecture The EU as a political system and as an international actor3 Seminar The EU in the World

Guiding questions

1. How does the European Union function as political system? 2. How can the EU be conceptualised as actor in international politics? 3. How can the EU be differentiated from other actors? 4. What is the EU? A civilian, normative or realist power? A power at all?

Required reading Manners, I. 2002: Normative power Europe: a contradiction in terms? Journal of

Common Market Studies 40 no. 2: 235-258. Bull, H. 1982: Civilian Power Europe: A Contradiction in Terms? Journal of

Common Market Studies 21 no. 2: 149-164. Duchene, F. 1972: A New European Defense Community. Foreign Affairs 50 no. 1:

69-82. Gowan, R./ Brantner, F. 2010: Navel-gazing won't help at the UN, 4 April 2010.

EuropeanVoice.com: http://www.europeanvoice.com/article/2010/10/navel-gazing-won-t-help-the-eu-at-the-un/69084.aspx

Recommended reading *Peterson, J. 2012: The EU as a Global Actor, in E. Bomberg/ J. Peterson/ R. Corbett,

The European Union: How does it work? Oxford: Oxford University Press. 203-223.

*Smith, K. E. 2008: Chapter 2: The Evolution of the EU as an International Actor, in K. E. Smith, European Union Foreign Policy in a Changing World. Cambridge: Polity Press. (2nd ed): 25-53.

Bomberg, E./ Peterson, J./ Corbett, R. 2012: The European Union: How does it work? Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hill, C. 2007: The Future of the European Union as a Global Actor, in P. Foradori/ P. Rosa/ R. Scartezzini, Managing a multilevel foreign policy: the EU in international affairs. Plymouth: Rowman & Littlefield. 3-22.

Hill, C. 1993: The Capability Expectations Gap, or Conceptualizing Europe's International Role. Journal of Common Market Studies 31 no. 3: 305-328.

Ginsberg, R. O. Y. H. 1999: Conceptualizing the European Union as an International Actor: Narrowing the Theoretical Capability – Expectations Gap. Journal of Common Market Studies 37 no. 3: 429-454.

Manners, I. 2006: Normative power Europe reconsidered: beyond the crossroads. Journal of European Public Policy 13 no. 2: 182-199.

Hyde-Price, A. 2006: ‘Normative’ power Europe: a realist critique. Journal of

3 Please attend session 5 lecture on ‘The EU’s Foreign Policy of Effective Multilateralism: Between Hard and Soft Power’, given by Professor Dr. Joachim A. Koops for the course ‘235E: The EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy in Theory and Practice’

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European Public Policy 13 no. 2: 217-234. Hyde-Price, A. 2008: A ‘tragic actor’? A realist perspective on ‘ethical power

Europe’. Journal of European Public Policy 84 no. 1: 29-44. Rosamond, B. 2004: Theories of European Integration. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Young, A. R. 2000: The Adaptation of European foreign economic policy: From

Rome to Seattle. Journal of Common Market Studies 38 no. 1: 93-116. Smith, K. 2000: The end of civilian rower EU: A welcome demise or cause for

corncern? The International Spectator 35 no. 2: 11-28. Smith, M. 2009: Between soft power and a hard place: European Union Foreign and

Security Policy between the Islamic world and the United States. International Politics 46 no. 5: 596-615.

Bache, I./ George, S. 2006: Politics in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press (2nd ed).

Wallance, H./ Pollack, M. A./ Young, A. R. 2010: Policy-Making in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press (6th ed).

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Session 2, 6 September 2013 Lecture Exploring key concepts in international security: conflict, peace, war, complex emergencies and the security-development nexus Seminar Development, security, conflict, peace, war, complex emergencies and the security-development nexus

Guiding questions

1. How can we understand, conceptualise and define the key terms of security, conflict, peace and war?

2. What are difficulties of the different definitions? 3. Are war and pace, security and development separable? 4. What are the linkages between security and development? 5. What are advantages of seeing security and development comprehensively? 6. What are the dangers of the security-development nexus?

Required reading Keen, D. 2000: War and peace: what's the difference? International Peacekeeping 7

no. 4: 1-22. Duffield, M. R. 2007: Development, Security and Unending War. Cambridge/

Malden: Polity Press. Read Chapter 1: 1-29 Keen, D. 2008: Complex emergencies. Cambridge/ Malden: Polity Press. Read Introduction and conclusion Recommended reading *Ramsbotham, O./ Woodhouse, T./ Miall, H. 2011: Chapter 1: Introduction to

Conflict Resolution: Concepts and Definitions, in O. Ramsbotham/ T. Woodhouse/ H. Miall, Contemporary Conflict Resolution. Cambridge/ Malden: Polity Press. (3rd ed): 3-34.

*Eck, K. 2005: A Beginner's Guide to Conflict Data: Finding and Using the Right Dataset. Upsalla: Upsalla Conflict Data Program. http://www.pcr.uu.se/digitalAssets/18/18240_UCDP_paper1.pdf

*World Bank 2011: World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security, and Development. Washington: The World Bank http://wdr2011.worldbank.org/

Escobar, A. 1995: Encountering development: The making and unmaking of the Third World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Huntington, S. P. 1957: The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations. Cambridge (US): The Belknap Press of Harvard University.

Galtung, J. 1969: Violence, Peace, and Peace Research. Journal of Peace Research 6 no. 3: 167-191.

Barnett, M./ Kim, H./ O'donnell, M./ Sitea, L. 2007: Peacebuilding: What Is in a Name? Global Governance 13 no. 1: 35-58.

Banks, M., (ed). 1987: Four conceptions of peace. Edited by D. J. Sandole/ I.

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Sandole-Staroste, Conflict Management and Problem Solving: Interpersonal to International Applications. London: Frances Pinter.

Nye, J. S./ Welch, D. A. 2011: Chapter 2: Explaining Conflict and Cooperation: Tools and Techniques of the Trade, in J. S. Nye/ D. A. Welch, Understanding Global Conflict and Cooperation: An Introduction to Theory and History. New York: Pearson. 33-70.

Ramsbotham, O./ Woodhouse, T./ Miall, H. 2011: Chapter 4: Understanding Contemporary Conflict, in O. Ramsbotham/ T. Woodhouse/ H. Miall, Contemporary Conflict Resolution. Cambridge/ Malden: Polity Press. (3rd ed): 94-122.

Butler, M. J. 2009: International Conflict Management. Abingdon: Routledge. Chapter 1: „What is international conflict management?“ 13–26.

Clausewitz, C. V. 1997: What is War? in: Book I: On the Nature of War, in C. V. Clausewitz, On War. Ware: Wordsworth Editions Ltd. 5-24.

Diehl, P. F. 2002: Chasing Headlines: Setting the research agenda on war. Conflict Management and Peace Science 19: 5-26.

Collier, P. 2003: Breaking the conflict trap: Civil war and development policy. Washington: World Bank.

Kaplan, R. D. 1994: The Coming Anarchy: How Scarcity, Crime, Overpopulation and Disease are Rapidly Destroying the Social Fabric of our Planet. The Atlantic Monthly 273 no. 2: 44-76.

Crocker, C. A./ Hampson, F. O./ Aall, P. R. 2007: Leashing the dogs of war: conflict management in a divided world. Washington: United States Institute of Peace Press.

Chandler, D. 2007: The security-development nexus and the rise of 'anti-foreign policy'. Journal of International Relations and Development 10: 362-386.

Stern, M./ Öjendal, J. 2010: Mapping the Security-Development Nexus: Conflict, Complexity, Cacophony, Convergence? Security Dialogue 41 no. 5: 5-29.

Ingrid Samset and Astri Suhrke, “What’s in a Figure? Estimating Recurrence of Civil War.” International Peacekeeping, 14 (2), 2007. Patomäki, H. 2001: The Challenge of Critical Theories: Peace Research at the Start of

the New Century. Journal of Peace Research 38 no. 6: 723-737. Slaughter, A. 1997: The real new world order. Foreign Affairs 76 no. 5: 183-197.

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Session 3, 13 September 2013 Lecture Exploring key concepts, theories of development and development targets: Economics (and trade), Institutions, Democracy, human rights and the rule of law, human development, Poverty reduction Seminar Theories of development *

* Student presentations: Aditya, Molly, Julianna and Sorae Guiding questions

1. What is the purpose of development policy? 2. What are the notions contained in ‘development’? 3. Can we prioritise different approaches to development?

Required reading Poverty Thomas, C. 2005: Poverty, development and hunger, in J. Baylis/ S. Smith, The

Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations. Oxford/ New York: Oxford University Press. (3th ed): 645-668.

MDGs Un 2010: Improving Lives: Results of the partnership between the United Nations and

the European Union in 2009, 13 July 2010. Brussels/ New York: United Nations Systems im Brussels. http://www.europa-eu-un.org/articles/en/article_9940_en.htm

Un 2000: Millennium Development Goals. New York: United Nations http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/

Recommended reading Aid effectiveness Oecd 2005: Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness. Ownership, Harmonisation,

Alignment, and Results and Mutual Accountability. Paris: High Level Forum of Aid Effectiveness.

Economics Rostow, W. W. 1960: Chapter 2: The five stages of growth: a summary, in W. W.

Rostow, The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Smith, A. 1890: An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. London: Routledge.

Berdal, M. R./ Malone, D. 2000: Greed and Grievance: Economic Agendas in Civil Wars. Boulder: Lynne Rienner. http://publicwebsite.idrc.ca/EN/Resources/Publications/Pages/IDRCBookDetails.aspx?PublicationID=267

Elbadawi, I./ Nicholas, S. 2000: Why there are so many civil wars in Africa. Journal of African Economies 9 no. 3: 244-269.

Sen, A. 1982: Poverty and famines: an essay on entitlement and deprivation: Oxford University Press, USA.

Gender

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Escobar, A. 1995: Chapter 5: Power and Visibility: Tales of Peasants, Women, and the Environment, in A. Escobar, Encountering development: The making and unmaking of the Third World. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 154-212.

Environment Gleditsch, N. P. 2007: Environmental Change, Security, and Conflict (Chapter 11), in

C. A. Crocker/ F. O. Hampson/ P. R. Aall, Leashing the dogs of war: conflict management in a divided world. Washington: United States Institute of Peace Press. 177-196.

UN Annan, K. 2005: In larger freedom. Towards development, security and human rights

for all. New York: United Nations. Democracy Promotion Youngs, R. 2004: Democratic institution-building and conflict resolution: emerging

EU approaches. International Peacekeeping 11 no. 3: 526-543. Carothers, T. 2002: The End of the transition paradigm. Journal of Democracy 13 no.

1: 5-21. Governance Bagoyoko, N./ Gibert, M. 2009: The Linkage between Security, Governance and

Development: the European Union in Africa. Political Science 45: 200. Fukuyama, F. 2005: State-building: governance and world order in the 21st century.

London: Profile Books Ltd. World Bank 2005: Building Effective States, Forging Engaged Societies. Washington:

World Bank. Chesterman, S./ Ignatieff, M./ Thakur, R. 2004: Making States Work: From State

Failure to State-Building, July 2004. New York: International Peace Academy. http://peacedividendtrust.org/en/data/files/download/EIP_library/Post-Conflict%20Development/IPA_MAKING_STATES_WORK.pdf

Collier, P./ International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 2003: Breaking the conflict trap. Civil war and development policy. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Cramer, C. 2003: Does inequality cause conflict? Journal of International Development 15 no. 4: 397-412.

Human Rights and Human Security Brown, C. 2005: Human rights, in J. Baylis/ S. Smith, The Globalization of World

Politics: An Introduction to International Relations. Oxford/ New York: Oxford University Press. (3th ed): 689-705.

Sen, A. 1999: Development as freedom: Alfred A. Knopf, New York. Human Security Report 2009. "Shrinking Costs of War", Vancouver: HSRP, 2010. Smith, K., (ed). 2001: The EU, Human Rights and Relations with Third Countries:

'Foreign Policy with an Ethical Dimension?' Edited by K. Smith/ M. Light, Ethics and Foreign Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Movie screening: ‘Lumumba’ Lumumba is a 2000 film directed by Raoul Peck centred around Patrice Lumumba in the months before and after the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) achieved independence from Belgium in June 1960. Raoul Peck’s film is a coproduction of France, Belgium, Germany, and Haiti. Due to political unrest in the DRC at the time of filming, the movie was shot in Zimbabwe and Beira, Mozambique.

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Session 4, 20 September 2013 Lecture The EU as a security actor Seminar The EU as a security actor

Guiding questions

1. What is the origin of the EU as a security actor? 2. What are the key threats and risks as seen by the European Union? 3. What are the instruments of the European Union to address threats and risks?

Required reading Eu 2003: A Secure Europe in a Better World – European Security Strategy (12

December 2003, Brussels). Brussels: http://ue.eu.int/uedocs/cmsUpload/78367.pdf

Peterson, J./ Lavenex, S. 2012: The EU as a Security Actor, in E. Bomberg/ J. Peterson/ R. Corbett, The European Union: How does it work? Oxford: Oxford University Press. 185-202.

Bailes, A. J. K. 2008: The EU and a ‘better world’: what role for European Security and Defence Policy. International Affairs 84 no. 1: 115-130.

Recommended reading *Missiroli, A. 2013: Enabling the future: European military capabilities 2013-2025:

challenges and avenues. Report no. 16, May 2013. Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/Report_16.pdf

Chapter 2: Strategic trends and developments 2013-2025, p.16-25 Eu 2007: 16344/07 The Africa-EU Strategic Partnership: A Joint Africa-EU Strategy,

9 December 2007. Lisbon/ Brussels: Council of the European Union http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/er/97496.pdf

Kirchner, E./ Sperling, J. 2002: The New Security Threats in Europe: Theory and Evidence. European Foreign Affairs Review 7 no. 4: 423-452.

Bailes, A. J. K. 2005: Introduction: Global security governance: a world of change and challenge, in Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, SIPRI Yearbook 2005: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security. Stockholm: Oxford University Press. 1-27.

Cooper, R. 2004: The Breaking of Nations: Order and Chaos in the Twenty-first Century. London: Atlantic Books.

Giegerich, B./ Wallace, W. 2010: Foreign and Security Policy: Civilian Power Europe and American Leadership, in H. Wallance/ M. A. Pollack/ A. R. Young, Policy-Making in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (6th ed): 431-456.

Howorth, J. 2011: The EU’s Security and Defence Policy: Towards a Strategic Approach, in C. Hill/ M. Smith, International Relations and the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (2nd ed): 197-225.

Gross, E./ Juncos, A. 2011: Introduction, in E. Gross/ A. Juncos, EU Conflict Prevention and Crisis Management: Roles, Institutions, and Policies. London:

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Routledge. 1-14. Hill, C. 2001: The EU’s capacity for conflict prevention. European Foreign Affairs

Review 6 no. 3: 315-334. Biscop, S./ Renard, T. 2010: The European Union as a security actor: Cooperative

multilateralism. Security and Human Rights 21 no. 1: 12-17. Laatikainen, K. V./ Smith, K. E., (ed). 2006: The European Union at the United

Nations: Intersecting Multilateralisms. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Pirozzi, N./ Juergenliemk, H./ Spies, Y. K. 2012 (forthcoming): The European Union

and the Reform of the United Nations: Towards a more effective Security Council, in C. Bouchard/ J. Peterson/ N. Tocci, Multilateralism in the 21st Century: The European Union and the Quest for Effectiveness. London: Routledge.

Bouchard, C./ Peterson, J. 2011: Conceptualising Multilateralism: Can we all just get along? MERCURY e-Paper number 1, January www.mercury-fp7.net/fileadmin/…/E_paper_no_1__Revised_Version.pdf,

Jones, S. G. 2007: The rise of European security cooperation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Edwards, G. 2006: Is There a Security Culture in the Enlarged European Union ? The International Spectator 41 no. 3: 7-23.

Cornish, P./ Edwards, G. 2001: Beyond the EU/NATO dichotomy: the beginnings of a European strategic culture. International Affairs 77 no. 3: 587-603.

International Organisations and peacebuilding United Nations 1992: A/47/277-S/24111: An Agenda for Peace: Preventive

Diplomacy, Peacemaking and Peace-Keeping – Report of the Secretary-General (17 June 1992). New York: United Nations.

Nato 2010: Strategic Concept for the Defence and Security of the Members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation: Active Engagement, Modern Defence, 19 November 2010. Lisbon: http://www.nato.int/lisbon2010/strategic-concept-2010-eng.pdf

Spiegel, P. 2011: Gates warns NATO alliance at risk. Financial Times, 10 June 2011: http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/2972e4f2-9358-11e0-a038-00144feab49a.html#axzz1QU6i7by1

Whitman, R. 2004: NATO, the EU and ESDP: an emerging division of labour? Contemporary Security Policy 25 no. 3: 430-451.

Bellamy, A. J./ Williams, P. D. 2005: Who’s Keeping the Peace? Regionalization and Contemporary Peace Operations. International Security 29 no. 4: 157-195.

Okumu, W. 2009: The African Union: Pitfalls and Prospects for Uniting Africa. Journal of International Affairs 62 no. 2: 93-111.

Powell, K./ Tieku, T. K. 2005: The African Union’s New Security Agenda: Is Africa Closer to a Pax Pan-Africana? International Journal 60 no. 4: 937-952.

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Session 5, 27 September 2013 Visit to NATO Shape: Presentations on NATO crisis response operations and EU-NATO cooperation

Guiding questions

1. How does NATO understand its role in security and development? 2. How does NATO decide on operations and who manages them? 3. What are problems for military-civilian cooperation from NATO’s point of

view? What are problems of cooperating with NATO for humanitarian organisations and NGOs?

4. Does NATO mix security and development? Is this a good thing? Required reading Shea, J. 2010: NATO at Sixty - and Beyond, in G. Aybet/ R. R. Moore, NATO in

Search of a Vision. Washington: Georgetown University Press. 11-34.

Programme outline NATO SHAPE visit

08:00 Pick-up by NATO bus at Vesalius College, Pleinlaan 5 Until 09:15 hrs Arrive SHAPE Berlin Gate 09:30 – 11:00 Briefing on NATO and Allied Command Operations 11:00 – 11:30 Coffee/Tea break 11:30 – 12:15 Briefing on EU and NATO cooperation, followed by

Question & Answer Session (with two additional panel members)

12:30 Depart SHAPE ± 14.00 Return to Vesalius College

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Session 6, 4 October 2013 Lecture The EU’s development, humanitarian and structural policies Seminar Understanding the EU development policies*

* Student presentations Guiding questions

1. How does the European Union work as a development donor? 2. What are the EU’s funding instruments and structural policies? 3. What are strengths and weaknesses of the EU’s development, humanitarian

and structural policies? Required reading Carbone, M. 2011: The EU and the Developing World: Partnership, Poverty,

Politicization, in C. Hill/ M. Smith, International Relations and the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (2nd ed): 324-348.

Carbone, M. 2008: Better Aid, Less Ownership: Multi-Annual Programming and the EU's Development Strategies in Africa. Journal of International Development 20 no. 2: 218-229.

Holland, M./ Doidge, M. 2012: Development Policy of the European Union. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Chapter 3 and 4 Recommended reading *Bretherton, C./ Vogler, J. 2005: The EU as development and humanitarian actor, in

C. Bretherton/ J. Vogler, The European Union as a global actor. Abingdon/ New York: Routledge. 107-132.

*Aggestam, L./ Anesi, F./ Edwards, G./ Hill, C./ Rijks, D. 2008: Institutional Competences in the EU External Action: Actors and Boundaries in the EU External Action, Report no. 6-7. Stockholm: Swedish Institute for European Policy Studies. http://www.sieps.se/en/publications/rapporter/institutional-competences-in-the-eu-external-action.html

*Adebajo, A./ Whiteman, K., (ed). 2012: The EU and Africa: From Eurafrique to Afro-Europa. New York: Columbia University Press.

Chapter 1: Introduction Smith, K. 1998: The Use of Political Conditionality in the EU’s Relations with Third

Countries: How Effective? European Foreign Affairs Review 3: 253-274. Smith, K. E. 2008: Chapter 5: Human Rights, in K. E. Smith, European Union Foreign

Policy in a Changing World. Cambridge: Polity Press. (2nd ed): 111-141. ——— 2008: Chapter 6: Democracy and Good governance, in K. E. Smith, European Union

Foreign Policy in a Changing World. Cambridge: Polity Press. (2nd ed): 142-168. Bache, I./ George, S. 2006: Chapter 29: External Economic Relations, in I. Bache/ S.

George, Politics in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (2nd ed): 488-513.

Humanitarian Assistance Sarah Kenyon, L. 2003: Collateral Damage: Humanitarian Assistance as a Cause of

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Conflict. International Security 28 no. 1: 79-109. Cooley, A./ Ron, J. 2002: The NGO Scramble: Organizational Insecurity and the

Political Economy of Transnational Action. International Security 27 no. 1: 5-39.

Shearer, D. Aiding or abetting? Humanitarian aid and its economic role in civil war. Greed and Grievance. Economic Agendas in Civil Wars: 189-204.

Curtis, D. 2001: Politics and Humanitarian Aid- Debates, Dilemmas and Dissension. London: Overseas Development Institute. www.odi.org.uk/resources/download/244.pdf

The responsibility to protect Badescu, Cristina Gabriela. 2011. Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility

to Protect. Edited by Alex J. Bellamy, Sara E. Davies and Monica Serrano of Global Politics and the Responsibility to Protect. London: Routledge, chapter 3.

Chesterman, Simon. 2001. Just war or just peace? Humanitarian intervention and international law. 1. publ. ed. Oxford Oxford University Press, chapter 1+2.

Bellamy, A. J. 2008: The Responsibility to Protect and the problem of military intervention. International Affairs 84 no. 4: 615-639.

Chandler, D. 2004: The Responsibility to Protect. International Peacekeeping 11 no. 1: 59-81.

International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. The Responsibility to Protect: Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. International Development Research Center.

Badescu, Cristina Gabriela. 2011. Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect. Edited by Alex J. Bellamy, Sara E. Davies and Monica Serrano of Global Politics and the Responsibility to Protect. London: Routledge.

EU Neighbourhood Policy Bache, I./ George, S. 2006: Chapter 31: Enlargement, in I. Bache/ S. George, Politics

in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (2nd ed): 535-564. Christou, G. 2010: European Union security logics to the east: the European Neighbourhood

Policy and the Eastern Partnership. European Security 19 no. 3: 413-430. European Commission 2004: COM(2004) 373 European Neighbourhood Policy Strategy

Paper, Communication from the European Commission, 12 May 2004. Brussels: Commission of the European Communities http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/pdf/strategy/strategy_paper_en.pdf

Lavenex, S. 2008: A governance perspective on the European neighbourhood policy: integration beyond conditionality? Journal of European Public Policy 15: 938-955.

Sedelmeier, U. 2010: Enlargement: From Rules for Accession to a Policy Towards Europe, in H. Wallance/ M. A. Pollack/ A. R. Young, Policy-Making in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (6th ed): 401-430.

Zaiotti, R. 2007: Of Friends and Fences: Europe's Neighbourhood Policy and the 'Gated Community Syndrome'. European Integration 29 no. 2: 143-162.

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Session 7, 11 October 2013 Mid-term exams

Session 8, 18 October 2013 Lecture The EU’s civilian crisis management and CSDP Seminar The EU’s civilian crisis management and CSDP

Guiding questions

1. What is EU civilian crisis management? 2. How does EU civilian crisis management relate to security and development? 3. What are the difficulties of EU civilian crisis management and linking it to

development policies? Required reading Chivis, C. S. 2010: EU Civilian Crisis Management: The Record So Far. Santa

Monica: RAND Corporation, Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense. http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG945.html

Grevi, G./ Helly, D./ Keohane, D. 2009: European Security and Defence Policy: The first ten years. Paris: European Institute for Security Studies. http://www.iss.europa.eu/fr/publications/detail-page/article/esdp-the-first-10-years-1999-2009/

Please read: Civilian resources for ESDP, p.90-114 Recommended reading Dobbins, J. 2008: Europe's role in nation building. Survival 50 no. 3: 83-110. Menon, A. 2009: Empowering paradise ? The ESDP at ten. International Affairs 85

no. 2: 227-246. Howorth, J. 2007: Security and Defence Policy in the European Union. Basingstoke/

New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Eu 2004: 10538/4/04 REV4 Action Plan for ESDP support to Peace and Security in

Africa, 16 November 2004. Brussels: Council of the European Union http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/04/st10/st10538-re04.en04.pdf

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Session 9, 25 October 2013 Meeting point 8.30am at Rue de la Loi 170, 1040 Brussels, http://goo.gl/maps/xlXNP Visit to the European Commission and the European External Action Service

Guiding questions

1. How does the European Union understand its role in security and development?

2. How does the European Union decide on operations and who manages them? 3. What are problems for civilian-military and inter-institutional cooperation

from the EU’s point of view? 4. What are advantages and challenges of the EU’s development work?

Programme 08:30-09:00 Security check 09:00-10:15 Presentation I 10:15-11:30 Presentation II 12:30-12:45 Presentation III

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Session 12, 1 November 2013 Fall recess: no classes

Session 10, 8 November 2013 Lecture Case I: The EU in DR Congo Seminar Simulation I: Planning an EU civilian mission in DR Congo

* Student presentations Guiding questions

1. What is the historical relationship of the European Union in the DRC? 2. How does the EU engage in the DRC? 3. What are difficulties of security and development in the DRC for the EU and

for other actors? Required reading Hoebeke, H./ Carette, S./ Vlassenroot, K. 2007: EU support to the Democratic

Republic of Congo. Paris: Centre d'analyse stratégique. http://www.egmontinstitute.be/papers/07/afr/EU_support_to_the_DRC.pdf

Ajello, A. 2012: The EU Security Role in the Great Lakes Region, in A. Adebajo/ K. Whiteman, The EU and Africa: From Eurafrique to Afro-Europa. New York: Columbia University Press.

Choose one of the following two readings Clément, C. 2009: The EU mission to provide advice and assistance to security sector

reform in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (EUSEC RD Congo), in G. Grevi/ D. Helly/ D. Keohane, European Security and Defence Policy: The first ten years. Paris: European Institute for Security Studies. 243-254.

Vircoulon, T. 2009: The EU police mission in Kinshasa - DRC (EUPOL Kinshasa) and the EU Police mission in RD Congo (EUPOL RD Congo), in G. Grevi/ D. Helly/ D. Keohane, European Security and Defence Policy: The first ten years. Paris: European Institute for Security Studies. 221-230.

Recommended readings See below

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Session 11, 15 November 2013 Seminar Case I: The EU in the DR Congo* Simulation II debrief Guest speaker: Mireia Villar Forner, United Nations Development Programme

* Student presentations Guiding questions

1. What is the historical relationship of the European Union in the DRC? 2. How does the EU engage in the DRC? 3. What are difficulties of security and development in the DRC for the EU and

for other actors? Required reading See above Recommended reading Channel Research 2011: Joint Evaluation of Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding in

the Democratic Republic of Congo. Synthesis report, June 2011. Brussels: Channel Research http://www.oecd.org/countries/congo/48859543.pdf

Icg 2006: Security Sector Reform in the Congo: Africa Report no.104, 13 February 2006. Brussels: International Crisis Group http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/africa/central-africa/dr-congo/Security%20Sector%20Reform%20in%20the%20Congo.pdf

Justaert, A. 2012: The implementation of the EU security sector reform policies in the Democratic Republic of Congo. European Security 21 no. 2: 219-235.

Economist 2011: Country Report Democratic Republic of the Congo, March 2001. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit.

Rettman, A. 2011: Ashton keen to axe Congo conflict envoy, 17 May 2011. EuObserver: http://euobserver.com/9/32348

Oecd 2012: Democratic Republic of the Congo: OECD Official Development Assistance Profile. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development www.oecd.org/dac/stats

European Commission 2009: Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) – Elements on the European Response to the crisis. Brussels: European Commission http://ec.europa.eu/development/icenter/repository/RDC_answer_crisis_en.pdf

Martinelli, M. 2006: Helping Transition The EU Police Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (EUPOL Kinshasa) in the Framework of EU Policies in the Great Lakes. European Foreign Affairs Review 11 no. 3: 379-399.

Autesserre, S. 2008: The Trouble with the Congo: How local disputes fuel regional conflict. Foreign Affairs 87 no. 3: 94-110.

Autesserre, S. 2009: Hobbes and the Congo: Frames, Local Violence, and International Intervention. International Organization 63 no. 2: 249-280.

Dallaire, R. 2004: Shake Hands with the Devil. The failure of humanity in Rwanda. London: Arrow Books.

Dobbins, J./ Jones, S. G./ Crane, K./ Chivis, C. S./ Radin, A./ Larrabee, F. S./ Bensahel, N./ Stearns, B. K./ Goldsmith, B. W. 2008: Europe's Role in

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Nation-Building: From the Balkans to the Congo. Santa Monica: RAND Corporation.

Devlin, L. 2007: Chief of Station, Congo: Fighting the Cold War in a Hot Zone. Philadelphia Public Affairs.

Eu 2004: 10538/4/04 REV4 Action Plan for ESDP support to Peace and Security in Africa, 16 November 2004. Brussels: Council of the European Union http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/04/st10/st10538-re04.en04.pdf

Eu 2011: Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 28 November 2011. Brussels/ Kinshasa: http://www.eueom.eu/files/pressreleases/english/moeue-rdc2011-rapport-final_fr.pdf

Hochschild, A. 2006: King Leopold's ghost: A story of greed, terror, and heroism in colonial Africa. Basingstoke: Pan Books.

Stearns, J. 2012: Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: The Collapse of the Congo and the Great War of Africa. New York: Public Affairs.

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Session 12, 22 November 2013 Lecture Case II: Development, crisis response and security in Northern Africa: The case of Libya Guest lecturer: Giulia Tercovich, VUB Seminar Development, crisis response and security in Northern Africa: The case of Libya Guiding questions

1. What is the historical relationship of the European Union with Northern Africa and Libya?

2. How did the EU engage in Libya during and after the Arab Spring? 3. What were difficulties of crisis response and aligning security and

development in Libya? Required reading Perthes, V. 2011: Europe and the Arab Spring. Survival 53 no. 6: 73-84. Brattberg, E. 2011: Opportunities lost, opportunities seized: the Libya crisis as

Europe’s perfect storm, June 2011. Brussels: European Policy Centre. http://www.ecraal.org/fichiers/pub_1310_opportunities_lost_1309786303.pdf

Daalder, I./ Stavridis, J. G. 2012: NATO's Victory in Libya: The Right Way to Run an Intervention. Foreign Affairs 91 no. 2: 2-7.

Miozzo, A. 10 June 2013 Agostino Miozzo on EU Crisis Response: From Pakistan to Libya. Dublin, 2012. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lfu_gP8fsrQ

Eu. 10 June 2013 European External Action Service: Crisis Response. EEAS, http://eeas.europa.eu/crisis-response/

Nato. NATO and Libya: Operation Unified Protector, Chronology of Events. North Atlantic Treaty Organization, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/71679.htm

Recommended reading Menon, A. 2011: European Defence Policy from Lisbon to Libya. Survival 53 no. 3:

75-90. Simons, G. 2003: Libya and the West. From Independence to Lockerbie. London and

New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers. Koenig, N. 2011: The EU and the Libyan Crisis – In Quest of Coherence? The

International Spectator 46 no. 4: 11-30. Heisbourg, F. 2013: A Surprising Little War: First Lessons of Mali. Survival 55 no. 2:

7-18. Chesterman, S. 2011: “Leading from Behind”: The Responsibility to Protect, the

Obama Doctrine, and Humanitarian Intervention after Libya. Ethics and International Affairs 25 no. 3: 279-285.

Welsh, J. 2011: Civilian Protection in Libya: Putting Coercion and Controversy Back into RtoP. Ethics and International Affairs 25 no. 3: 255-262.

Dijkstra, H. 2010: The Military Operation of the EU in Chad and the Central African Republic: Good Policy, Bad Politics. International Peacekeeping 17 no. 3: 395-407.

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Norheim-Martinsen, P. M. 2011: Our work here is done: European Union peacekeeping in Africa. African Security Review 20 no. 2: 17-28. Movie screening: We Are All Neighbours The movie is about the politics of identity and ethnicity during wartime in a mixed Bosnian village outside Sarajevo. Filmed by a documentary team including anthropologists, they filmed first in 1992 whilst tensions were building generally in Bosnia. Two months after they left, the war reached the village, and so the film-makers returned to see what had changed. This is a really unique and fascinating film in that it gets extremely close to the lives of the people featured, and is highly recommended viewing. http://peacemedia.usip.org/resource/we-are-all-neighbors-bosnia http://www.therai.org.uk/fs/film-sales/returning-home-revival-of-a-bosnian-village/

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Session 13, 29 November 2013 Lecture Case III: The EU’s security and development policies in Kosovo and the Balkans Seminar Case III: The EU’s security and development policies in Kosovo and the Balkans*

* Student presentations Guiding questions

1. What is the historical relationship of the European Union with the Balkans? 2. How does the EU engage in the Balkans? 3. What are difficulties of security and development in the Balkans for the EU

and for other actors? 4. What is the historical relationship of the European Union with Kosovo? 5. How does the EU engage in Kosovo? 6. What are difficulties of security and development in Kosovo for the EU and

for other actors? Required reading Economist 2005: Kosovo's Status: The Wheels Grind on, 8 October 2005. The

Economist 34-35: http://www.economist.com/node/4489028 Rettman, A. 2013: Ashton clinches Kosovo-Serbia deal, 19 April 2013. EUObserver:

http://euobserver.com/enlargement/119873 Choose one of the following three readings Grevi, G. 2009: The EU rule-of-law mission in Kosovo (EULEX Kosovo), chapter

21, in G. Grevi/ D. Helly/ D. Keohane, European Security and Defence Policy: The first ten years. Paris: European Institute for Security Studies. 353-368.

Dijkstra, H. 2012: The Planning and Implementation of the Rule of Law Mission of the European Union in Kosovo. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding 5 no. 2: 193-210.

European Court of Auditors 2012: European Union Assistance to Kosovo related to the Rule of Law. Special Report no. 18, 30 October 2012. Brussels: European Court of Auditors http://eca.europa.eu/portal/pls/portal/docs/1/17764743.PDF

Recommended reading Harland, D. 2010: Kosovo and the UN. Survival 52 no. 5: 75 - 98. Sperling, J./ Webber, M. 2009: NATO: from Kosovo to Kabul. International Affairs

85 no. 3: 491-511. Ignatieff, M. 2003: Empire Lite: Nation-Building in Bosnia, Kosovo and Afghanistan.

London: Vintage Books. Economides, S./ Ker-Lindsay, J./ Papadimitriou, D. 2010: Kosovo: Four futures.

Survival 52 no. 5: 99-116. Muehlmann, T. 2008: Police Restructuring in Bosnia-Herzegovina: Problems of

Internationally-led Security Sector Reform. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding 2 no. 1: 1-22.

Caplan, R. 2005: International governance of war-torn territories: rule and

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reconstruction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Caplan, R. 2005: Europe and the Recognition of New States in Yugoslavia.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Caplan, R. 2004: International Authority and State Building: the Case of Bosnia and

Herzegowina. Global Governance 10 no. 1: 53-65. Caplan, R. 1998: International Diplomacy and the Crisis in Kosovo. International

Affairs 74 no. 4: 745-761. Muehlmann, T. 2008: EU Civil-Military Cooperation and the Fight against Organised

Crime: Lessons to be Learned from the Bosnian Example. European Security 17 no. 2: 387-413.

Silber, L./ Little, A. 1996: The death of Yugoslavia. London: Penguin. Grevi, G./ Helly, D./ Keohane, D. 2009: European Security and Defence Policy: The first ten years. Paris: European Institute for Security Studies. http://www.iss.europa.eu/fr/publications/detail-page/article/esdp-the-first-10-years-1999-2009/

Movie screening: ‘The Peacekeepers’ [part of EPSS lecture series] With unprecedented access to the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping, The Peacekeepers provides an intimate and dramatic portrait of the struggle to save "a failed state". The film follows the determined and often desperate manoeuvres to avert another Rwandan disaster, this time in the Democratic Republic of Congo (the DRC). Focusing on the UN mission, the film cuts back and forth between the United Nations headquarters in New York and events on the ground in the DRC… For more information, please visit: http://www.onf-nfb.gc.ca/eng/collection/film/?id=51559

Movie screening: The BBC’s ‘The Death of Yugoslavia’ The Death of Yugoslavia is a BBC documentary series first broadcast in 1995, and is also the name of a book written by Allan Little and Laura Silber that accompanies the series. It covers the collapse of Yugoslavia and the subsequent wars that followed. It is notable in its combination of never-before-seen archive footage interspersed with interviews of most of the main players in the conflict, including Slobodan Milošević, Radovan Karadžić, Franjo Tuđman and Alija Izetbegović.

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Session 14, 6 December 2013 Revision session

Session 15, 6 December 2013 Final exams

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Topics for presentation (including a 1-2 page handout for the course) Session 3: Theories of development and development targets: Economics (and trade), Institutions, Democracy, human rights and the rule of law, human development, Poverty reduction

• How does Economic development and free trade promoting security and development?

• How does good governance affect security and development? • How do the Millennium Development Goals affect security and development? • Is democracy always the best instrument to promote security and

development? • How do human rights affect development? How does development affect

human rights? • Is the rule of law a good tool to promote security and development? • What is the relationship between human development and security?

Session 6: The EU’s development, humanitarian and structural policies: history and instruments (Cotonou, EDF, EIDHR, ENP, SSA)

• What is the Cotonou agreement? What has been its influence on the EU’s development work?

• What is the EU’s relation with the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group States?

• How does the European Development Fund work? What is its legal basis? What policies does it promote?

• What is the European Neighbourhood Policy? What is its legal basis? What policies does it promote?

• What is EIDHR? What is its legal basis? What policies does it promote? Session 10: The EU in DR Congo

• Is the EU an actor in the DR Congo? • What development policies does the EU pursue in the DR Congo? • Do EU member states policies differ from the EU? • What security policies does the EU pursue in the DR Congo? • Do EU member states policies differ from the EU? • Is the EU an effective actor in the DR Congo?

Session 13: The EU’s security and development policies in Kosovo and the Balkans

• Is the EU an actor in Kosovo? • What development and structural policies does the EU pursue in Kosovo and

the Balkans? • Do EU member states policies differ from the EU? • What security policies does the EU pursue in Kosovo and the Balkans? • Do EU member states policies differ from the EU? • Is the EU an effective actor in Kosovo and the Balkans?

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Course paper topics Please come to the office hours between session 3 to session 8 to discuss your course paper and agree on the topic with the course convener. Some possible topics are listed below, but feel free and very comfortable to follow your interests.

1. What is the EU’s approach to promoting security and development in … (pick your case study)?

2. Compare the EU’s and USAID’s/ DFID’s approach to promoting security and development in … (pick your case study).

3. Was the European engagement in country … (pick your case study) a success if we focus on security/ development or both?

4. How did the Lisbon Treaty affect the ability to conduct a comprehensive EU policy?

5. What are difficulties in political priorities and funding lines for aligning EU security and development policies?

6. Assess the cooperation in country … (pick your case study) between the CSDP operation and the EU development policies.

7. What are the EU’s priorities for human rights/ democracy promotion/ rule of law/ gender…?

8. How does the European Union align with the UN development agenda? 9. Have the EU security and development policies made the EU a credible actor

in international politics? 10. Have the EU security policies made the EU a credible actor in international

politics? 11. Have the EU security policies made the EU a credible actor in international

politics?