Chemin Eugène-Rigot 2 | CP 136 - CH-1211 Genève 21 | +41 22 908 57 00 | graduateinstitute.ch MAISON DE LA PAIX

International Law Academic year 2013 - 2014 International Law Theories DR034 - Spring - 6 ECTS Mondays 10:15-12:00 (S8) Course Description This seminar, aimed at doctoral and MIL students, focuses on different approaches to thinking about international law (e.g. New Haven school, critical legal studies, law and economics, ‘Third World’ approaches, Marxism, constitutionalism, etc.). What international lawyers do in their various capacities as scholars, judges or advocates is affected by their vision of the law and of their profession. At a time of perplexity about the role of law in international relations, to revisit the main frames and different discourses which shape international law scholarship should contribute to a greater awareness of the importance of legal methodology from both a theoretical and practical perspective. Students will be asked to engage in the discussion and reflect upon their own way of thinking about the law and about their future profession.

PROFESSOR Andrea Bianchi andrea.bianchi@graduateinstitute.ch Office: MDP-P1-709 Phone: +4122 908 5801

ASSISTANT Luca Pasquet luca.pasquet@graduateinstitute.ch Office: MDP-P1-755 Phone: +41 22 908 58 14

Syllabus Class requirements - Reaction papers: participants are required to submit 10 weekly reaction papers (out of the 12 thematic sessions) to the reading assignments. Such short papers should not be a summary of the readings. They should rather contain the personal reaction to and reflection on the reading materials. Reaction papers will be the basis for class discussion. They should not exceed 500 words, and they shall be submitted by e-mail to the assistant one day in advance (by 8:00 a.m. on Monday). Reaction papers will account for 60% of the final grade. - Case study: participants in the seminar will be required to write a paper (maximum of 3,000 words), which applies to any one of the discussed methods to a case that will be distributed by the professor on May 19th and will have to be turned in by May 26th. The case study will account for 20% of the final grade.

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- Participation: participants are expected to attend regularly the seminar and to participate actively in the discussion. Participation will be taken into account in grading (20%).

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Session 1 – Introduction 17 February

Compulsory readings: I. Scobbie, ‘Wicked Heresies or Legitimate Perspectives? Theory and International Law’, in M. Evans (ed),

International Law (2nd ed. 2006) 83.

S. R. Ratner & A. M. Slaughter, ‘Appraising the Methods of International Law: A Prospectus for Readers’, 93 AJIL (1999) 291.

____, ‘The Method Is the Message’, 93 AJIL (1999) 410.

F. Rodell, ‘Goodbye to Law Reviews – Revisited’, 48 Va. L. Rev. (1962) 279.

Further readings: M. Van Hoecke (ed.), Methodologies for Legal Research: Which Kind of Method for which Kind of Discipline?,

Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2011.

A. Carty, ‘Why Theory? - The Implications for International Law Teaching’, in P. Allott et al., Theory and International Law: an Introduction (1991) 75.

____, Philosophy of International Law (2007) (Chapter 1: ‘What Place for Doctrine in a Time of Fragmentation?’).

Ch. Chaumont, ‘Méthode d'analyse du droit international’, 11 Revue belge de droit international (1975) 32.

Ch. de Visscher, ‘Méthode et système en droit international’, 138 RCADI (1973) 75.

M. Lachs, The Teacher in International Law: Teachings and Teaching (2nd rev. ed. 1987).

A. Orford, ‘The Destiny of International Law’, 17 Leiden Journal of International Law (2004) 441.

C. Simpson ‘On the Magic Mountain: Teaching International Law’, 10 EJIL (1999) 71.

Session 2 – Traditional approaches 24 February

Compulsory readings: South West Africa Case (Liberia and Ethiopia v. South Africa), Preliminary Objections, ICJ Reports (1962) 319 (Joint

Dissenting Opinion of Judges Spencer and Fitzmaurice, at 466).

South West Africa Case (Liberia and Ethiopia v. South Africa) (Second Phase), Preliminary Objections, ICJ Reports (1966) 6.

D. Akande, ‘Nuclear Weapons, Unclear Law? Deciphering the Nuclear Weapons Advisory Opinion of the International Court’, 68 BYIL (1997) 166.

M. Bedjaoui, M. ‘La multiplication des tribunaux internationaux ou la bonne fortune du droit des gens’, in SFDI, La juridictionnalisation du droit international, Colloque de Lille (Pedone 2003) 531.

B. Simma & A. Paulus, ‘The Responsibility of Individuals for Human Rights Abuses in Internal Conflicts: a Positivist View’, 93 AJIL (1999) 302-308.

H. Thirlway, ‘Reflections on lex ferenda’, 32 Neth. Y.B. Int. Law (2001) 3.

H. Thirlway, ‘The Sources of International Law’, in M. Evans (ed), International Law (2nd ed. 2006) 115.

P. Weil, ‘Towards Relative Normativity in International Law’, 77 AJIL (1983) 413.

Further readings: I. Brownlie, Principles of Public International Law (8th ed. 2012).

D. Carreau, Droit International (5th ed. 2013).

A. Cassese, International Law (2nd ed. 2005).

P. Daillier, A. Pellet & N. Q. Dinh, Droit International Public (7th ed. 2002).

P.-M. Dupuy, Droit International Public (11th ed. 2012).

M. Evans (ed), International Law (3rd ed. 2010).

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M. Evans & P. Capps (eds), International Law, (2009).

D. J. Harris, Cases and Materials on International Law (7th ed. 2010).

M. Herdegen, Völkerrecht (12th ed. 2013).

R. Jennings & A. Watts (eds), Oppenheim's International Law (9th ed. 1992).

A. Remiro Brotons, Derecho Internacional (2nd 2007).

M. Shaw, International Law (6th ed. 2008).

A. Verdross & B. Simma, Universelles Völkerrecht: Theorie und Praxis (3rd ed. Rev. 1984).

Session 3 –Constitutionalism 3 March

Compulsory readings: J. Klabbers, ‘Setting the Scene’, in J. Klabbers, A. Peters and G. Ulfstein, The Constitutionalization of International

Law (2009) 1.

D. M. Johnston, ‘World Constitutionalism in the Theory of International Law’ in R. St. John Macdonald, D. Johnston (eds), Towards World Constitutionalism: Issues in the Legal Ordering of the World Community (2005).

J. Klabbers, ‘Constitutionalism Lite?’, 1 International Organizations Law Review (2004) 31.

A. Peters, ‘Compensatory Constitutionalism: The Function and Potential of Fundamental International Norms and Structures’, 19 Leiden Journal of International Law (2006) 579.

Loizidou v. Turkey, ECHR judgement (preliminary objections), 23 March 1995, §§ 73-75, available at: http://www.echr.coe.int

Öcalan v. Turkey, ECHR judgement (Grand Chamber), 12 May 2005 (partly concurring, partly dissenting opinion of judge Garlicki), § 4, available at: www.echr.coe.int.

Further readings: J. Klabbers, A. Peters and G. Ulfstein, The Constitutionalization of International Law (2009).

E. De Wet, ‘The Emergence of International and Regional Value Systems as a Manifestation of the Emerging International Constitutional Order’, 19 Leiden Journal of International Law (2006) 611.

B. Fassbender, ‘The United Nations Charter as Constitution of the International Community’, 36 Columbia Journal Journal of Transnational Law (1998) 529.

____, ‘The Meaning of International Constitutional Law’, in N. Tsagourias (ed) Transnational Constitutionalism: International and European Models (2007) 307.

M. Koskenniemi, ‘Constitutionalism as Mindset: Reflections on Kantian Themes about International Law and Globalization’, 8 Theoretical Inquiries in Law (2007) 9.

M. Kumm, ‘The Legitimacy of International Law: A Constitutionalist Framework of Analysis’, 15 EJIL (2004) 907.

A. Peters, ‘Global Constitutionalism Revisited’, 11 International Legal Theory (2005) 39.

A. Von Bogdandy, ‘Constitutionalism in International Law: Comment on a Proposal from Germany’, 47 Harvard International Law Journal (2006) 223.

C. Walter, ‘Constitutionalizing (inter)national Governance: Possibilities for and Limits to the Development of an International Constitutional Law’, 44 German Yearbook of International Law (2001) 170.

W. Werner, ‘The Never-Ending Closure: Constitutionalism and International Law’, in Tsagourias N. (ed.) Transnational Constitutionalism: International and European Models (2007) 329.

Session 4 – Marxism 10 March

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Compulsory readings: S. Marks, ‘Introduction’, in Susan Marks (ed.), International Law on the Left: Re-Examining Marxist Legacies (2008)

1.

A. Carty, ‘Marxism and International Law: Perspectives for the American (Twenty-First) Century’, 17 Leiden Journal of International Law (2004) 247.

C. Miéville, ‘The Commodity-Form Theory of International Law: An Introduction’, 17 Leiden Journal of International Law (2004) 271.

R. Knox, ‘Marxism, International Law and Political Strategy’, 22 Leiden Journal of International Law (2009) 413.

Further readings: Ch. Chaumont, ‘Cours général de droit international public’, 129 RCADI (1970) 333.

A. Carty, Philosophy of International Law, (2007) (Chapter 6: ‘Marxism and International Law’).

B. S. Chimni, International Law and World Order: A Critique of Contemporary Approaches (1993) (Chapter 4: ‘A Marxist Theory of International Law’, 211-296).

M. Koskenniemi, ‘What Should International Lawyers Learn from Karl Marx?’, 17 Leiden Journal of International Law (2004) 229.

C. Miéville, Between Equal Rights: A Marxist Theory of International Law (2005) 75-151.

Session 5 – The New Haven School and Policy-oriented Jurisprudence / Legal Process 17 March

New Haven School:

Compulsory readings: M. S. McDougal, ‘Law as a Process of Decision: a Policy-Oriented Approach to Legal Study’, 1 Natural Law Forum

(1956) 53.

J. K. Levit, ‘Bottom-Up International Lawmaking: Reflections on the New Haven School of International Law’, 32 Yale Journal of International Law (2007) 393.

W. M. Reisman, S. Wiessner and A. R. Willard, ‘The New Haven School: A Brief Introduction’, Yale Law School Faculty Scholarship Series, available at http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/959

R. Higgins, ‘Problems and Process. International Law and How We Use It, Oxford, 1994, pp. 1-16 (‘The Nature and Function of international Law’).

Further readings: R. Falk, ‘Casting the Spell: the New Haven School of International Law’, 104 Yale Journal of International Law (1995)

1991.

H. D. Lasswell, M.S. McDougal, Jurisprudence for a Free Society: Studies in Law, Science and Policy (1992).

M. S. McDougal, ‘International Law, Power and Policy: a Contemporary Conception’, 82 RCADI (1953) 137.

M. S. McDougal, H. D. Lasswell, W. M. Reisman, ‘The World Constitutive Process of Authoritative Decision (pt. I and II)’, 19 Journal of Legal Education (1967) 253, 403.

____, ‘Theories about International Law: Prologue to a Configurative Jurisprudence’, 8 Virginia Journal of International Law (1968) 188.

Reisman W.M., ‘International Lawmaking: A Process of Communication’, The Harold D. Lasswell Memorial Lecture, (Apr. 24, 1981), reprinted in 75 Am. Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. (1981) 113.

E. Suzuki, ‘The New Haven School of International Law: An Invitation to a Policy-Oriented Jurisprudence’, 1 Yale Studies in World Public Order (1974) 1.

Legal process:

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Compulsory readings: M. E. O’Connell, ‘New International Legal Process’, 93 AJIL (1999) 334.

H. H. Koh, ‘Transnational Public Law Litigation’, 100 Yale Law Journal (1991) 2347.

Further readings: A. Chayes, A. Handler Chayes, The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International Regulatory Agreements? (1995).

H. H. Koh, ‘Why Do Nations Obey International Law?’, 106 Yale Law Journal (1997) 2599.

____, ‘Transnational Legal Process’, 75 Nebraska Law Review (1996) 181.

____, ‘How is International Human Rights Enforced?’ 74 Ind. L.J. (1998-1999), 1397.

Session 6 – International Relations and Social Science Methodologies 24 March

Compulsory readings: R. Keohane, ‘International Relations and International Law: Two Optics’, 38 Harvard International Law Journal

(1997) 487.

A.M. Slaughter, ‘International Law and International Relations Theory: a Dual Agenda’, 87 AJIL (1993) 205.

J. Brunnée, S. Toope, ‘International Law and Constructivism, Element for a Theory of International Law’, 39 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law (2000-2001) 19.

G. Shafer, T. Ginsburg, ‘The Empirical Turn in International Legal Scholarship’, 106 AJIL (2012) 1.

Further readings: J. P. Trachtman, The Future of International Law: Global Government, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

K. W. Abbott, ‘Modern International Relations Theory: A Prospectus for International Lawyers’, 14 Yale Journal of International Law (1989) 335.

J. Alvarez, ‘Do Liberal States Behave Better? A Critique of Slaughter's Liberal Theory’, 12 EJIL (2001) 183.

A. M. Slaughter, ‘International Law in a World of Liberal States’, 6 EJIL (1995) 503.

____, ‘International Law and International Relations: Millennial Lectures’, 285 RCADI (2001).

____, A New World Order (2004) 1-35.

A. M. Slaughter, A. Tulumello, S. Wood, ‘International Law and International Relations Theory: A New Generation of Interdisciplinary Scholarship’, 92 AJIL (1998) 367.

Session 7 – Critical Legal Studies 31 March

Compulsory readings: D. Kennedy, ‘Legal Education and the Reproduction of Hierarchy: A Polemic Against the System’, in Duncan

Kennedy, Legal Education and the Reproduction of Hierarchy: A Polemic Against the System (A Critical Edition) (2003) 9.

M. Koskenniemi, ‘International Law in a Post-Realist Era’, 16 Australian Yearbook of International Law (1995) 1.

D. Kennedy, ‘When Renewal Repeats: Thinking Against the Box’, in Wendy Brown and Janet Halley (eds.), Left Legalism/Left Critique (2002) 373. .

Further readings: J. M. Balkin, ‘Deconstructive Practice and Legal Theory’, 96 Yale Law Journal (1986) 743.

D. Cass, ‘Navigating the Newstream: Recent Critical Scholarship in International Law’, 65 Nordic Journal of International Law (1996) 341.

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R. W. Gordon, ‘Critical Legal Histories’, 36 Stanford Law Review (1984) 57.

Du. Kennedy, ‘Form & Substance in Private Law Adjudication’, 89 Harvard Law Review (1976) 1685.

D. Kennedy, ‘Theses about International Law Discourse’, 23 German Yearbook of International Law (1980) 353.

____, ‘International Legal Education’, 26 Harvard International Law Journal (1985) 361.

____, ‘Primitive Legal Scholarship’, 27 Harvard International Law Journal (1986) 1.

____, ‘The Disciplines of International Law and Policy’, 12 Leiden Journal of International Law (1999) 9.

N. Maccormick, ‘Reconstruction after Deconstruction: a Response to CLS’, 10 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies (1990) 539.

T. Skouteris, ‘Fin de NAIL: New Approaches to International Law and Its Impact on Contemporary International Legal Scholarship’, 10 Leiden Journal of International Law (1997) 415.

R. Unger, ‘The Critical Legal Studies Movement’, 96 Harvard Law Review (1983) 561.

Session 8 – Helsinki School: Koskenniemi 7 April

Compulsory readings: M. Koskenniemi, ‘The Lady Doth Protest Too Much’ Kosovo, and the Turn to Ethics in International Law’, 65 Modern

Law Review (2002) 159.

M. Koskenniemi, ‘The Fate of Public International Law: Between Technique and Politics’, 70 Modern Law Review (2007) 1.

M. Koskenniemi, ‘The Politics of International Law – 20 Years Later’, 20 EJIL (2009) 7.

Further readings: S. Singh, ‘The Potential of International Law: Fragmentation and Ethics’, 24(1) Leiden Journal of International Law

(2011) 23-43

M. Koskenniemi, ‘Letter to the Editors of the Symposium’, 93 AJIL (1999) 351.

____, ‘Between Commitment and Cynism: Outline for a Theory of International Law as Practice’, in United Nations, Office of Legal Affairs, Collection of Essays by Legal Advisers of States, Legal Advisers of International Organizations and Practioners in the Field of International Law (1999) 495-523.

____, The Gentle Civilizer of Nations: The Rise and Fall of International Law, 1870-1960 (2002).

____, From Apology to Utopia: The Structure of International Legal Argument (2nd ed. 2005).

D. Kennedy, ‘The Last Treatise: Project and Person. (Reflections on Martti Koskenniemi’s From Apology to Utopia)’, 7 German Law Journal (2006) 981.

Session 9 – Third World Approaches 14 April

Compulsory readings: B. S. Chimni, ‘Third World Approaches to International Law: a Manifesto’, 8 International Community Law Review

(2006) 3.

M. Mutua, ‘What is TWAIL?’, 94 Am. Soc'y Int'l L. Proc. (2000) 31.

U. Baxi, 'What may the 'Third World' expect from International Law?', 27 Third World Quarterly (2006) 713.

K. Mickelson, 'Taking Stock of TWAIL Histories', 10 International Community Law Review (2008) 355.

O. Okafor, ‘Critical Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL): Theory, Methodology, or Both?’, International Community Law Review (2008) 371.

Ibironke T. Odumosu, ‘Challenges for the (Present/) Future of Third World Approaches to International Law’, 10 International Community Law Review (2008) 467.

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Further readings: K. Mickelson, ‘Rhetoric and Rage: Third World Voices in International Legal Discourse’, 16 Wisconsin International

Law Journal (1998) 353.

P. Alston, ‘Remarks on Professor B.S. Chimni's ‘A Just World under Law’: ‘A View from the South’’, 22 American University International Law Review (2006) 221.

A. Anghie (ed), The Third World International Law Order: Law, Politics and Globalization (2003).

____, Imperialism, Sovereignty and the Making of International Law (2006).

B. S. Chimni ‘A Just World Order: a View From the South’, 22 American University International Law Review (2006) 199.

D. P. Fidler, ‘Revolt against or from within the West - TWAIL, the Developing World, and the Future Direction of International Law’, 2 Chinese Journal of International Law (2003) 29.

J. T. Gathii, ‘Alternative and Critical: the Contribution of Research and Scholarship on Developing Countries to International Legal Theory’, 41 Harvard International Law Journal (2000) 263.

J. T. Gathii, War, Commerce, and International Law (2009).

R. Kapur, 'The Tragedy of Victimization Rhetoric: Resurrecting the "native" subject in international/post-colonial feminist legal politics', 15 Harvard Human Rights Journal (2002) 1.

M. Khosla, ‘The TWAIL Discourse: The Emergence of a New Phase’, 9 International Community Law Review (2007) 291.

O. C. Okafor, ‘Newness, Imperialism, and International Legal Reform in Our Time: A TWAIL Perspective’, 43 Osgoode Hall Law Journal (2005) 17.

B. Rajagopal, International From Below: Development, Social Movements, and Third World Resistance (2003).

B. Rajagopal, 'Counter-hegemonic International Law: rethinking human rights and development as a Third World strategy', 27 Third World Quarterly (2006) 767.

Session 10 – Legal Pluralism 28 April

Compulsory readings: W. Burke-White, ‘International Legal Pluralism’, 25 Michigan Journal of International Law (2004) 963.

A. Fischer-Lescano, G. Teubner, ‘Regime-Collision: The Vain Search for Legal Unity in the Fragmentation of Global Law’, 25 Michigan Journal of International Law (2004) 999.

D. Kennedy, ‘One, Two, Three Many Legal Orders: Legal Pluralism and the Cosmopolitan Dream’, 31 New York University Review of Law and Social Change (2007) 641.

R. Michaels, ‘Global Legal Pluralism’, 5 Annual Review of Law & Social Science (2009); Duke Law School Public Law & Legal Theory Research Paper No. 259. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1430395

Further readings: P. S. Berman, Global Legal Pluralism: A Jurisprudence of Law Beyond Borders, Cambridge : Cambridge University

Press, 2012.

___ ‘Global Legal Pluralism’, 80 Southern California Review (2007) 1155.

____, ‘A Pluralist Approach to International Law’, 32 Yale Journal of International Law (2007) 301.

A. L. Paulus ‘Commentary to Andreas Fischer-Lescano & (and) Gunther Teubner - The Legitimacy of International Law and the Role of the State’, 25 Michigan Journal of International Law (2004) 1047.

A. Fischer-Lescano, G. Teubner, ‘Reply to Andreas L. Paulus Consensus as Fiction of Global Law, 25 Michigan Journal of International Law (2004) 1059.

G. Teubner, ‘The Two Faces of Janus: Rethinking Legal Pluralism’, 13 Cardozo Law Review (1992) 1443.

____, ‘Global Bukowina’: Legal Pluralism in the World Society’, in Teubner G. (ed) Global Law Without a State (1997) 3.

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____, ‘Altera Pars Audiatur: le droit dans la collision des discours’, 35 Droit et Société (1997) 99.

G. Teubner and P. Korth, ‘Two Kinds of Legal Pluralism: Collision of Transnational Regimes in the Double Fragmentation of World Society’, in M. Young (ed.), Regime Interaction In International Law Law: Facing Fragmentation, Oxford University Press, 2010, available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1416041.

B. Rajagopal, ‘The Role of Law in Counter-hegemonic Globalization and Global Legal Pluralism: Lessons from the Narmada Valley Struggle in India’, 18 Leiden Journal of International Law (2005) 345.

Session 11 – Law and Society Approaches 5 May

Compulsory readings: R. Goodman and D. Jinks, ‘How to Influence States: Socialization and International Human Rights Law’, 54 Duke Law

Journal (2004) 621.

P. Allott, ‘Reconstituting Humanity - New International Law’, 3 EJIL (1992) 219.

I. Scobbie, ‘The holiness of the heart’s affection: Philip Allott’s theory of Social Idealism’, available at: http://www.soas.ac.uk/lawpeacemideast/publications/file61392.pdf.

Further readings: M. Koskenniemi, ‘International Law as Therapy: Reading The Health of Nations’, 16 EJIL (2005) 329.

P. J. Allot, Eunomia: New Order for a New World (2001).

____, The Health Of Nations: Society and Law Beyond the State (2005).

W. Friedmann, The Changing Structure of International Law (1964).

R. Goodman and D. Jinks, ‘Incomplete Internalization and Compliance with Human Rights Law: A Rejoinder to Roda Mushkat’, 20 EJIL (2009) 443.

R. Higgins, ‘Final Remarks’, 16 EJIL (2005) 347.

C. W. Jenks, ‘Ideal and Idealism in International Law’, 16 The Japanese Annual of International Law (1976) 1.

____, A New World of Law? A Study of the Creative Imagination in International Law (1969).

I. Scobbie, ‘Slouching towards the Holy City: Some Weeds for Philip Allott’, 16 EJIL (2005) 299.

Session 12 – Law and Economics – The Rational Choice Paradigm 12 May

Compulsory readings: J. F. Dunoff, J. Trachtman, ‘Economic Analysis of International Law’, 24 Yale Journal of International Law (1999) 1.

A. Thompson, ‘Applying Rational Choice Theory to International Law: The Promise and Pitfalls’, 31 The Journal of Legal Studies (2002) 285.

T. Krever, ‘Calling Power to Reason?’, 65 New Left Review (2010) 141.

Further readings: E. Posner, A. Sykes, Economic Foundations of International Law, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2013.

A. Guzman, How International Law Works (2008).

M. Chinen, ‘Game Theory and Customary International Law: a Response to Professors Goldsmith and Posner’, 23 Michigan Journal of International Law (2001) 143.

J. F. Dunoff, J. P. Trachtman, ‘The Law and Economics of Humanitarian Law Violations in Internal Conflict’, 93 AJIL (1999) 394.

J. L. Goldsmith, E. Posner, ‘A Theory of Customary International Law’, 66 University of Chicago Law Review (1999) 1113.

____, ‘Understanding the Resemblance between Modern and Traditional Customary International Law’, 40 Virginia Journal of International Law (2000) 639.

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____, ‘Further Thoughts on Customary International Law’, 23 Michigan Journal of International Law (2002) 191.

____, ‘Moral and Legal Rhetoric in International Relations: a Rational Choice Perspective’, 31 The Journal of Legal Studies (2002) 115.

____, ‘International Agreements: A Rational Choice Approach,’ 24 Virginia Journal of International Law (2003) 113.

____, The Limits of International Law (2005).

K. Hylton, ‘Calabresi and the Intellectual History of Law and Economics’, 64 Modern Law Review (2005) 85.

J. Keohane, ‘Rational Choice Theory and International Law: Insights and Limitations’, 31 Journal of Legal Studies (2002) 307.

G. Norman, Trachtman J. P., ‘The Customary International Law Game’, 99 AJIL (2005) 541.

A. Van Aaken, ‘To Do Away with International Law? Some Limits to ‘The Limits of International Law’’, 17 EJIL (2006) 308.

Session 13 – Law and literature 19 May

Compulsory readings: R. Weisberg, ‘Three Lessons from Law and Literature’, 27 Loy. L. A. L. Rev. (1993-1994) 285.

S. Fish, ‘The Law Wishes To Have a Formal Existence’, in S. Fish, There’s no such thing as free speech (1994) 141.

S. Fish, ‘What Makes an Interpretation Acceptable?’ and ‘Demonstration vs. Persuasion: Two Models of Critical Activity’, in S. Fish, Is There a Text in This Class? (1980) 338-371.

R. Posner, ‘Law and Literature: a Relation reargued’ 72 Va. L. Rev. (1986) 1351.

G. Olson, ‘De-Americanizing Law and Literature Narratives: Opening Up the Story’, 22 Law & Literature (2010) 338.

Further readings: R. Dworkin, ‘How Law is Like Literature’, in R. Dworkin, A Matter of Principle (1986).

R. Posner, Law & Literature (3rd ed. 2009).

S. Fish, Is There a Text in This Class? The Authority of Interpretive Communities (1980).

S. Fish, Doing What Comes Naturally: Change, Rhetoric and the Practice of Theory in Literary and Legal Studies (1990).

J. Boyd White, The Legal Imagination (1973).

J. Boyd White, When Words Loose Their Meaning: Constitutions and Reconstitutions of Language (1984).

I. Ward, Law and Literature. Possibilities and Perspectives (1995).

R. Weisberg, Poetics and Other Strategies of Law and Literature (1992).

Session 14 – Conclusion 26 May