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Syllabus for M. A. Buddhist Literature

(The course applicable to Students of the University Departments)

SEMESTER I, II, III, and IV

From the Academic Year 2014 – 2015

Approved by B. O. S. in Sanskrit, Pali and Prakrit

Savitribai Phule University of Pune

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Savitribai Phule University of Pune

M. A. Buddhist Literature

General Instruction about Course and pattern of Examination

1. General Structure:

The post-graduate (M.A.) course is a full time course of the duration of two years. It is

divided into two parts: M.A. part I (consisting of two semesters: Semester I and Semester II)

and M.A. part II (consisting of two semesters: Semester III and Semester IV). Eligibility for

the admission to this course is basically graduation in Pali, Sanskrit, Prakrit or Buddhist

studies/Literature but graduates in other subjects or from other faculties are also eligible

provided they have certified knowledge of Pali, Sanskrit, Prakrit or Buddhist

Studies/literature. The course is conducted in the form of lectures, seminars, and tutorials.

Teaching of semesters, I and II will be sequential and also that of semesters III and IV.

Syllabus for each paper will be discussed in 50 to 60 clock hours (approximately) during each

semester.

External students will be admitted to appear for semester exams of semesters I, II, III and IV

in a sequential order.

2. Pattern of Examination:

A post-graduate student is assessed for his/her performance at a written test of 1600 marks

i.e. sixteen papers of 100 marks each. In the existing examination pattern, a student is

assessed for each paper at the end of each semester. The question paper will be set for 50

marks for the students of the University departments and for 80 marks for external students.

The question papers will be set according to the revised pattern.

3. Internal Assessment:

Students will also be assessed for their performance in a mid-semester test conducted by the

department and for overall performance in each semester course for 50 marks. This provision,

however, is not applicable to external students. Performance of external students in semester-

end examination will be counted as a whole.

4. The revised syllabi are structured in the following way:

For all the four semesters first three papers are compulsory. The remaining papers marked

with an asterisk (*) from the fourth paper onwards in each semester are optional. Students can

select any one paper out of these optional papers.

Note:

1) All the compulsory papers will be mandatory for external students as well.

2) All the optional courses will be available to external students and students from other

departments.

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3) Students are expected to choose at least one optional paper per semester. They are also

free to take additional credits by choosing other optional papers from within the subject or

from outside.

Semester I

Compulsory Papers

BL I.1 History of Buddhist Sanskrit Literature

BL I.2 Jātaka Literature

BL I.3 Avadāna Literature

Semester I

Optional Papers

*BL I.4 Language Orientations

* BL I.5 Lekha and Nīti Literature

*BL I.6 Introduction to Buddhism and its socially engaged aspects

*BL I.7 Rise and Development of Buddhism up to the Aśokan Period

*BL I.8 Introductions to Buddhist Psychology

(Note: To opt for the optional paper BL 1.5 Lekha and Nīti Literature as optional paper the

knowledge of Sanskrit Language is essential).

Semester II

Compulsory Paper

BL II.1 Buddhist teaching and Poetry

BL II.2 Biographies of the Buddha

BL II.3 Devotional Literature

Semester II

Optional Papers

*BL II.4 Study of Literature

*BL II.5 Buddhist Contribution to Poetics and Metrics

*BL II.6 Interdisciplinary Role of Buddhism

*BL II.7 Development of Buddhism in India after the Aśokan period up to

the12t h Century

*BL II.8 Methods of Mind Cultivation: (Meditation & Psychotherapies)

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Note:

To opt for the optional paper II.4 Study of Literature as optional paper the knowledge

of Pali / Sanskrit Language is essential.

To opt for the optional paper II.5 Buddhist Contribution to poetic and Metrics as

optional paper the knowledge of Sanskrit Language is essential.

Semester III

Compulsory Paper

BL III.1 Early Buddhist Texts

BL III.2 Sūtra Literature

BL III.3 Nāṭya Literature

Semester III

Optional Papers

*BL III.4 Tibetan Language Orientation Course

*BL III.5 Comparative Linguistics

*BL III.6 Buddhism and Indian Philosophy

*BL III.7 Resurgence of Buddhism in India

*BL III.8 Buddhist Art & Architecture

*BL III.9 Human experience and personality

Semester IV

Compulsory Papers

BL IV.1 Pāramitā and Abhidharma

BL IV.2 Buddhist Śāstra Literature

BL IV.3 Social and Historical literature

Semester IV

Optional Papers

*BL IV.4 Classical Tibetan Literature: Metrics and reading exercise

*BL IV.5 Comparative Philology

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*BL IV.6 Buddhism and Western Philosophy

*BL IV.7 Buddhism in the modern world

*BL IV.8 Buddhist Inscriptions

(Note: To opt for the optional paper IV.4 Classical Tibetan Literature: Mertics and

reading exercise as optional paper the knowledge of Tibetan Language is

essential).

Semester I

Compulsory Papers

Note: Student can opt any four papers out of the eight. Papers I.1 to I.3 are compulsory

whereas papers I.4 to I.8 are optional.

BL I.1 History of Buddhist Sanskrit literature (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Early Buddhist Texts

Sarvāstivāda-Vinayavastu, Mahāvastu, Lalitavistara, Works of Aśvaghoṣa, Avadāna

Literature

Credit 2: Māhayāna Sūtras, Dhāraṇīs and Tantra Literatur

Saddharmapuṇḍarīka, Kāraṇḍavyūha, Sukhāvatīvyūha, Saddharmalaṅkāvatārasūtra,

Samādhirāja, and Suvarṇaprabhāsa, Dhāraṇīs and Tantra Literature, namely, Gūhyasamāja,

Hevajra and Kālacakra

Credit 3 : Philosophical Texts

Works of Nāgārjuna, Āryadeva, Asaṅga, Vasubandhu, Bhāvaviveka, Candrakīrti,

Diṅnāga, Dharmakīrti, Śāntideva, Śāntarakṣita, and Kamalaśīla

Credit 4 : Stotras, Kāvya, Nāṭya and Lekha

Books for reference:

1. H. Nakamura, Indian Buddhism: A Bibliographical Survey, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi

2. M. Winternitz, History of Indian Literature, English Translation by S. Jha and V. S.

Sharma, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi.

3. A. K. Warder, Indian Buddhism, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi.

4. T. W. Rhys Davids, Buddhism, London, 1896.

5. C. Humphreys, Buddhism, Penguin Books, H. Middlesex, 1952.

6. H. Nakamura, Buddhism as a Religion: Its Historical Development and its Present

Conditions, Neeraj Publishing House, Delhi, 1982.

7.David Shuman, Buddhism: An Outline of teaching and Schools, London, 1973.

8. G. K. Nariman, Literary History of Sanskrit Buddhism, Reprint, Indological Book

House, Delhi, 1973.

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BL I. 2 Jātaka Literature (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction to Jātaka Literature: Origin, Development, related issues,

Survey of modern research

Credit 2: Āryaśūra‟s Jātakamālā: Vyāghrī-jātaka & Śibi-jātaka

Credit 3: Gopadatta‟s Jātakamālā: Sārthavāha-jātaka and Prabhāsa-jātaka

Credit 4: Haribhaṭṭa‟s Jātakamālā: Śasa-jātaka and Candraprabha-jātaka

Books for reference:

Michael Hahn, Haribhaṭṭa and Gopadatta: Two authors in the succession of Āryaśūra on the

Rediscovery of parts of their Jātakamālās, Second Edition, The International Institute for

Buddhist Studies, Tokyo, 1992.

P. L. Vaidya, Jātakamālā, Mithila Institute, Darbhanga 1999.

H. Kern, Jātakamāl, Indological Book House, Delhi, 1972.

Albrecht Hanisch, Āryaśūra’s Jātakamālā, vols. 1 and 2, Indica et Tibetica, vol. 43 (1 and

2), Marburg, 2005.

Ratna Handurukande, Five Buddhist Legends in the Campū Style: From a Collection named

Avadānasārasamuccaya, edited and translated by Indica et Tibetica, vol. 4, Bonn, 1984.

BL I.3 Avadāna literature (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction to Avadāna Literature: Origin, Development, related issues,

Survey of modern research

Credit 2: Divyāvadāna: Maitreyāvadānam

Credit 3: Avadānaśatakam: Sārthavāhāvadānam

Credit 4: Avadānakalpalatā : Ekaṣṛṅgāvadānam

Books for reference:

Divine Stories: Divyāvadāna part - 1 (Translated by Andy Rotman) Wisdom Publications, Boston,

2008.

Vaidya P. L. , Avadānakalpalatā, The Mithila Institute of Post Graduate Studies and Research

in Sanskrit Learning, Darbhanga, Bihar, 1959.

Vaidya P.L., Avadānaśatakam, The Mithila Institute of Post Graduate Studies and Research in

Sanskrit Learning, Darbhanga, Bihar, 1959.

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Semester I

Optional Papers

*BL I.4 Language Orientation (Four Credits)

1. Pali

A New course in Reading Pali

OR

2. Sanskrit

Reading Buddhist Sanskrit Texts: An elementary grammatical guide

Books for reference:

James W. Gair & W. S. Karunatillake, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 2005

K. L. Dhammajoti, Reading Buddhist Sanskrit Texts, Buddha-dharma Centre of Hong Kong,

2012.

*BL I. 5 Lekha and Nīti Literature (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Survey of Buddhist Lekha literature: Origin, Development and Modern research

Credit 2: Śiṣyalekha

Credit 3: Introduction to Nīti literature: Origin, Development and Modern research

Credit 4: Selected portions from Udānavarga

Books for reference:

1. Invitation to Enlightenment, translated by Michael Hahn, Dharma Publishing, 1997.

2. Bernhard, Franz (ed.) (1965). Udānavarga. Göttingen: Vandenhoek & Ruprecht. Retrieved

2008-09-18 in an expanded format by Ānandajoti Bhikkhu (version 2.1, January 2006) from

"Ancient Buddhist Texts" at http://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/S1-

Udanavarga/index.htm

3. Udānavarga: A Collection of Verses from the Buddhist Canon, by W. Woodville Rockhill, First

published in 1892 by Routledge, Trench, Trübner and Co. Ltd., reprinted in 2000 by Routledge, Oxon.

*BL I.6 Introduction to Buddhism and its socially engaged aspects (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Buddha‟s Life and Teachings

Credit 2: Socially Engaged Aspects of Buddhism (Theravada and Mahayana Sources):

Rational Approach, Philosophical Foundation, Rites and Rituals, Varna, Caste

and Gender Issues, Social Conflicts, Social and Political Order

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Credit 3: Socially Engaged Aspects of Buddhism (Theravada and Mahayana sources):

Bodhisattva Ideal, Ideal Social Order, Interpersonal Relationship,

Householder‟s Discipline, Monastic Order, Language and Culture

Credit 4: Contemporary Issues before Buddhism: (i) Compatibility with Science (ii)

Karma and Rebirth (iii) Capitalism, Communism (iv) Caste and Gender

Inequalities (v) Environmental Crisis (vi) Post-Modernism (vii) Conflict

Resolution and World Peace

*BL I.7 Rise and Development of Buddhism up to the Aśokan Period

(Four Credits)

Credit 1: India Before the Rise of Buddhism: Indus Civilization, Vedic period,

Mahājanapadas

Credit 2: Rise of Buddhism and Contemporary India: Life of Lord Buddha,

Contemporary Teachers and Their Philosophy

Credit 3: Pre- Aśokan Development of Buddhism, Buddhism under Haryanka Dynasty,

Buddhism under Śuṅga Dynasty, Early Mauryan Empire and Buddhism

Credit 4: Aśoka and Expansion of Buddhism, Life of Aśoka and His Contribution to

Buddhism

Books for reference:

BAPAT, P. V. 2500 Years of Buddhism

----------------. Bauddha Dharma ke 2500 Varṣa

BASHAM, A. L. History and Doctrine of Ajīvajkas

DIXIT, K. N. The Indus Civilization

GHOSA, A. N. Pracīna Bharata ka Itihāsa

KANE, P. V. History of Dharmaśāstra

KOSAMBI, D. D. Culture and Civilization of Ancient India

MAJUMDAR. Ancient India

MUKHERJI, Radhakumud. Ashoka

MUKHERJI, Radhakumud. Chandragupta Maurya and His Time

NARAIN, A. K. Date of the Buddha. B. P. Publishers, Delhi.

DAVIDS T. W. Rhys. Buddhist India

SANKALIA, H. D. Pre-History and Proto-History of India

SARAO, K. T. S. Origin and Nature of Ancient Indian Buddhism, 4th rev. ed. Corporate

Body of the Buddha Education Foundation, Taipei, 2004.

SARAO, K. T. S. Prācīna Bhāratīya Buddha Dharma ki Utpatti, Savarupa aur Patana.

Director of Hindi Medium Implementatiom, Delhi University, 2004.

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SHARMA. Sudras in Ancient India

SINGH, Madan Mohan. Buddhakālīna Samāja aur Dharma

SRIVASTAV, K. C. Pracīna Bharata ka Itihāsa

THAPAR, Romila. Ashoka and the Decline of the Mauryas

--------------------. Aśoka or Maurya Sāmrājya kā Patana

THAPLIYAL, K. K. Sindhu Sabhyatā

UPADHYAYA, B. Vedic Sāhitya aur Saṃskṛti

*BL I.8 Introduction to Buddhist Psychology (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Historical Review of Psychology

Questions Guiding Psychological Science

Major Milestones & Key Ideas in the History of Psychology

Nature of Human Being Emerged Out of Psychological Studies

Important Conceptual Issues in Psychology: Nature vs. Nurture Debate,

Concept of Consciousness, Mind-Body Relationship, Brain as an Abode of

Mind

Credit 2: Review of Buddhist Ideas Relevant to Psychology

The Four Noble Truths as the Starting Point

The Truth of Suffering

The Cause of Suffering

The Destruction of Suffering

The Way of Liberation

Nature of Human Being According to Buddhism:

Nāma (Mind) and Rūpa (Body) and Their Relation to Each Other

Khandha (Aggregates), Āyatana (Spheres), Dhātu (Elements)

Paramattha Dhamma (Essential Elements of Experience):

Citta (Mind), Cetasika (Mental Factors), Rūpa (Material Factors), Nibbāna

(Liberation)

Conceptual Issues:

Anicca (Impermanence), Dukkha (Dissatisfaction), Anattā (Non-substantia-

lity), Paṭiccasamuppāda (Dependant Origination), Kamma (Action), Puna-

bbhava (Rebirth)

Development of Buddhist Theory of Human Mind in Buddhist Traditions:

Theravāda, Vaibhāsika, Sautrāntika, Yogāchāra, Mādhyamika

Credit 3: Methods of Disciplined Enquiry in Buddhism and Psychology

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The Paradigm in Buddhist Way of Enquiry

The First Person Method:

Non-judgmental Awareness & Observation

Method of Analysis: Four Truths as Method of Enquiry (Dukkha, Samudaya,

Nirodha & Māgga), Three Rounds (Tiparivaṭṭa) and Twelve Modes

(Dvādasākāra)

Dependant Origination (Paṭiccasamuppāda):

Inverse (Anuloma) and Reverse (Paṭiloma)

Threefold Cognition (Pariññā):

Discernment of Phenomenon (Ñātapariñña)

Investigation (Tiraṇapariñña) Overcoming (Pahāṇapariñña); & Associated

Threefold Knowledge: Knowledge Based on Learning (Sutamayāpaññā),

Knowledge Based on Thinking (Cintāmayāpaññā) and Wisdom Based on

Mental Development (Bhāvanāmayāpaññā)

Main Paradigms Used for Social Scientific Enquiry: Positivism, Social

Constructionism

Importance of First Person Methods for Psychological Science: Introspection,

Neo-introspection etc.

Credit 4: Approaches of Buddhist Scholars and Scope of Buddhist Psychology

Approach of Buddhist Scholars to Buddhist Psychology

Scientific Studies of Abhidhamma: CAF Rhys Davids, Anāgārika Govinda,

H. V. Guenthar, Urgyen Sangharakshita, Bhikkhu Anālayo

The Work of Sri Lankan Buddhist Society and Vipassanā Research Institute

Scientific Studies of Tibetan Buddhism: Initiatives of the Fourteenth Dalāi

Lāmā

Para-psychological Claims of Buddhism (Abhiññā) and Response of Scientists

to Them

Nature and Scope of Buddhist Psychology: Concluding Remarks

Books for reference:

Dfriedman H.S. & Schustack M.W. (2003). Personality: Classic theories and modern

research. New Delhi, Pearson Education

Dreher, H. (1995). Immune power personality: 7 Traits you can develop to stay healthy,

Canada: Dutton

Gazzaniga M.S. & Heatherton T. F. (2006). Psychological science (IInd ed.). New York,

London: WW Norton & Co.

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Glassman W.E. (2000). Approaches to Psychology. Buckingham, Philadelphia: Open

University Press

Nissanka H. S.S. (1993): Buddhist Psychotherapy. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House

Scroggs J. (1985). Key ideas in personality theory. Minesotta: West Publishing Co

Wiggins J.S. (1996). The five factor model of personality. NY: Guilford

Valentine E. (1997). Conceptual issues in psychology (2nd

ed). London & NY: Routledge

Semester II

Compulsory Papers

Note: Student can opt any four papers out of the eight. Papers II.1 to II.3 are compulsory

whereas papers II.4 to II.8 are optional.

BL II.1 Buddhist teaching and Poetry (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Poetry containing Buddhist teaching and Buddhist teaching in poetic style

Credit 2: Saundarānanda chapter 16

Credit 3: Bodhicaryāvatāra chapter 1

Credit 4: Bhāvaviveka‟s Madhyamakahṛdaya, Chapter I

Reference Works:

Jadhish Mishra, Saundarānada Mahākāvyam, Chaukhamba Surabharati prakashana, Varanasi

Vaidya, P. L., Bodhicaryāvatāra, The Mithila Institute of Post Graduate Studies and Research

in Sanskrit Learning, Darbhanga, Bihar, 1960

Madhyamakahṛdayakārikā, Chapter I, edited and Translated by V.V. Gokhale and S. S. Bahulakar, In:

Miscellanea Buddhica, edited by Chri. Lindtner, Indiske Studier V, Copehagen, 1985: 76-108.

Madhyamakahṛdaya Edited Christian Lindtner, Adyar, 2001.

BL II.2 Biographies of the Buddha (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction to biographical literature on the Buddha,

Survey of modern research

Credit 2: Mahāvastu: asitasya darśanam

Credit 3: Lalitavistara: duṣkaracaryā parivarta

Credit 4: Buddhacarita: Māraparājayaḥ, Sarga 13

Books for reference:

1. P. L. Vaidya (ed.), Lalitavistara, The Mithila Inst i tute of Post Graduate Studies

and Research in Sanskrit Learning, Darbhanga, 1958.

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2. E. B. Cowell (ed.), re-edited by S. Jain, The Buddhacarita of Aśvaghoṣa or Act of

Buddha, New Bharatiya Book Corporation, Delhi , 2003.

3. N. Dutta (ed.), Gigitt Manuscript, Shrinagar, 1943.

4. Radhagovinda Basak (ed.), Mahāvastu Avadānam, Sanskrit College, Calcutta,

1963.

BL II.3 Devotional Literature (Four Credits)

Credit 1: History of Buddhist Devotional literature, related issues,

Survey of modern research

Credit 2: Gaṇḍīstotragātha of Aśvaghoṣa

Credit 3: Adhyardhaśtakam of Mātṛceṭa

Credit 4: Suprabhāta stotra of Harṣa

Books for reference:

Adhyardhaśtakam, Marathi Translation by A. H. Salunke, year, 1998.

Bauddha-stotra-Saṃgraha, edited by Janardan Shastri Pandeya, Varanasi.

Semester II

Optional Papers

*BL II.4 Study of literature (Four Credits)

Pāli

Credit 1: Introduction to Pāli literature

Credit 2: Milindapañho: Mahāvaggo pp. 22-37

Credit 3: Dhammapada: yamaka-vaggo & appamaāda-vaggo

Credit 4: Suttanipāta: Pabbajjāsutta & Padhānasutta

OR

Buddhist Sanskrit

Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Reader by F. Edgerton

Books for reference:

Edgerton, F . 1972. Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar, Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass

Horner, I. B., Milinda’s Questions, Vol. I, The Pali Text Society, Oxford: 1996.

Pesala, Bhikkhu, The Debate of King Milinda, www.buddhanet.net

Rhys Davids, T.W., The Questions of King Milinda, Vol. I, SBE Vol. 35, Motilal

Banarsidas Publishers Private Limited, Delhi: 2003.

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Sāstrī, Swāmi Dwārikādās, Milindapañhapāli with Hindi Translation, Bauddha Bhāratī,

Vararanasi: 1998.

Chau, Bhikkhu Thich Minh, Milindapañha & Nāgasen Bhikshu Sutra - A

Comparative Study (Through Pali and Chinese sources), www.buddhanet.net

Muller, F. Max, and Fausboll V., Dhammapada and Sutta-Nipata, SBE Vol.

10, Motilal Banarsidas Publishers Private Limited, Delhi: 2003.

Sāstri, Swāmi Dwārikādās, (Ed.& Trans.), Dhammapada Pāli with Hindi and

Sanskrit Translation, Bauddha Bharti, Varanasi: 2001.

Sāstri, Swāmi Dwārikādās, (Ed. & Trans.), Suttanipāta Pāli with Hindi

Translation, Bauddha Bharti, Varanasi: 2005.

Sri Dhammananda, K., The Dhammapada, The Corporate Body of the

Buddha Educational Foundation, Taiwan, 1998.

11. O. Von Hinuber and K. R. Norman (eds), Dhammapada, Oxford: PTS,

1994.

12. K. R. Norman (tr.), The Word of the Doctrine (Dhammapada), translated with

introduction and notes, Oxford: PTS, 1997.

*BL II.5 Buddhist contribution to Poetics and Metrics (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Historical survey to Buddhist Contribution to Poetics: Pāli and Sanskrit works,

Related issues and survey of modern research

Credit 2: Study of select figures of speech (Alaṃkāra) from Daṇḍī‟s Kāvyādarśa

Credit 3: Survey of Buddhist contributions to Metrics, Pāli and Sanskrit works,

Related issues and survey of modern research

Credit 4: Study of select meters (vṛtta) from Vṛttamālāstuti of Jñānaśrīmitra

Books for reference:

1. Vṛttamālāstuti of Jñānaśrīmitra, edited by Michael Hahn, In: Bauddhasāhityastabakāvalī,

Indica et Tibetica, vol. 36, Marburg, 2008.

*BL II.6 Interdisciplinary Role of Buddhism (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Role of Buddhism with Reference to Social Issues: Caste, Class and Status of

Women

Credit 2: Buddhism: State, Politics and Economics

Credit 3: Buddhist Engagements with Science: Psychology and Ecology

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Credit 4: Buddhist Engagements with Culture: Language, Media, Arts and Religious

Practices

*BL II.7 Development of Buddhism in India after Aśokan period up to

the 12th Century (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Development of Buddhism in Śuṅga & Sātavāhana Period, Śuṅga Empire

Sources - Purāṇa, Harṣacarita, Mahābhāṣya, Divyāvadāna etc.

Origins, Buddhism at the Time of Śuṅga, Wars of the Śuṅgas

Cultural Contributions- Sāñcī, Bodhagayā

Kings Śuṅg, Sātavāhanas Sources, Origins

Early Rulers - Simuka (c. 230- 207 BCE)

Sātakarṇī (c.180-124BCE), Kāṇva Suzerainty (75-35 BCE)

Gautamīputra Sātakarṇī (78-106 CE), Successors, Decline of the Sātavāhanas

Cultural Achievements - Art of Amarāvati, Art of Sāñcī, Buddhism at the

Time of Sātavāhana

Credit 2: Development of Buddhism in t h e Post Śuṅga & Sātavāhana Period Upto

the Kuṣāṇa Period

Indo-Greek Kingdom - Background, Early Rulers, and the Fall of

Bactria and the Death of Menander, Ideology / Religion

Indo-Scythians - Origins, Settlement in Sakastan, Settlement in India

Early Rulers, the Indo-Scythians and Buddhism

Indo -Parthian Kingdom - Secession from Parthia, Indo - Parthians in

Gāndhāra-Indo-Parthians and Indian Religions, Representation of Indo-

Parthian Devotees, Buddhist Sculptures, Stone Palettes

Kuṣāṇa Empire - Origins, Early Kuṣāṇa, A Multi-cultural Empire

Main Kuṣāṇa Rulers, the Kuṣāṇa‟s and Buddhism, Contacts with Rome,

Contacts with China, Decline

Credit 3: Development of Buddhism in Gupta and Vardhana Dynasty

Guptas‟ Ascendance - Main Gupta Rulers – Candragupta, Samudragupta,

Candragupta II, Kumāragupta I, Skandagupta

Military Organization, Hūṇa Invasions and the End of Empire, Legacy of the

Gupta Empire, Contributions to the World and Achievements

Vardhana Dynasty- Sources, Harṣavardhana's Ancestors, Harṣa's

Ascendance, Harṣa's Wars, Patron of Buddhism and Literature, After Harṣa

Credit 4: Development of Buddhism in Pāla Dynasty and Its Downfall

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Pāla Dynasty - Origin of the Pālas, Matsyanyāya and the Ascendance of the

Pālas, Main Pāla Rulers, Buddhism under the Pāla Rulers

Peace and Expansion, Pāla Administration, Islamic Empires in India

The Rise of Islām in South -West Asia, Delhi Sultanate and Decline of

Buddhism

Books for Reference:

1. Agrawal, V S, Harṣacarita eka Sāṃskṛtika Adhayana

2. Altekar, A. S, Education in Ancient India

3. Ayangar, S Krisnaswami, Studies in Gupta History

4. Bagchi, P C, Decline of Buddhism

5. Bapat, P. V. , Bauddha Dharma Ke 2500 Varṣa

6. Chaterji, G S, Harsavardhan

7. Dandekar, R N, A History of the Guptas

8. Majumdar, Ancient India

9. Pala, P L, Early History of Bengal

10. Srivastav, K. C., Pracīna Bhārata kā Itihāsa

11. Torn, W W, Greaks in Bacteria and India

12. Upadhyay, Vasudev, Gupta Sāmrājya kā Itihāsa

*BL II.8 Methods of Mind Cultivation (Four Credits)

(A Vipassanā retreat and writing of first person account based on that would be a part of the

internal assessment for this paper.)

Credit 1: Causes of Human Distress, Defilements and Development

Unwholesome Roots of Behaviour: Lobha (Greed or Passion), Dosa (Hatred or

Malice), Moha (Delusion or False Belief)

Wholesome Roots of Behavior: Alobha (Generosity), Adosa (Friendliness),

Amoha (Understanding)

Factors which Bemuddle with Development of Mind: Cankers (Āsava)

Hindrances (Nīvaraṇa), Fetters (Saṁyojana), Proclivities (Anusayakilesa)

Factors Supporting Development of Mind: Right Exertion (Sammappadhāna)

Faculties (Indriya), Powers (Bala), Factors of Enlightenment (Bojjhaṅga)

Credit 2: Methods of Meditation for Cultivation of Mind

Remedy of Ti-sikkha and Eight-fold Path: Sīlasamādāna (Undertaking of

Precepts), Samādhi (Concentration); Kammaṭṭhāna (Object of Concentration

Meditation)

Vipassanā ñaṇa: Seven-fold Purity (Visuddhi)

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Samatha & Vipassanā Meditation & Scientific Research Related to Them

Sati Meditation: Four-fold Satipaṭṭhānas: Kāyānupassanā, Vedanānupassanā,

Cittānupassasnā, Dhammānupassanā

Modern Adaptations of Buddhist Meditations: S. N. Goenkā, Mahāsi Sayādāw,

Thich Nhāt Hānh, Urgyen Sanghrakshita

Cognitive Analysis of Process During Meditation: Buddhist & Psychological

Perspective

Credit 3: Other Techniques of Mind Cultivation

Seven-fold Techniques of Removing Defilements (Sabbāsavasutta)

Techniques for Changing Manasikāra (Thought) Practice of Brahmavihar etc.

Application of Mind Cultivation Methods for Treating Psychological

Disorders and Their Limitations

Credit 4: Comparison with Western Psychotherapies

Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamics Psychotherapies

Cognitive and Behaviour Modification Therapies

Humanistic and Existential Therapies

Semester III

Compulsory Papers

Note: Student can opt any four papers out of the nine. Papers III.1 to III.3 are compulsory

whereas papers III.4 to III.9 are optional.

BL III.1 Early Buddhist Texts (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction to Vinayavastu & issues related to the text, comparison with the

Pāli Vinaya texts, Survey of modern research

Credit 2: Śayanāsanavastu of Vinayavastu (Gilgit Manuscripts, Vol. III, part 3. P. 121-144)

Credit 3: Introduction to Māhavastu & issues related to the text,

Survey of modern research

Credit 4: Pitāputrasamāgamaḥ of Mahāvastu pp. 54-77, Vol. III

Reference works:

1. N. Dutta (ed.), Gigitt Manuscript, Shrinagar, 1943.

2. Radhagovinda Basak (ed.), Mahāvastu Avadānaṃ, Sanskrit

College, Calcutta, 1963.

BL III.2 Sūtra Literature (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction to Laṅkāvatāra sūtra, related issues, survey of modern research

Credit 2: Laṅkāvatāra sūtra : Māṃsabhakṣaṇaparivarta, Chapter 8

Credit 3: Introduction to Saddharmapuṇḍarīka, related issues, survey of modern research

Credit 4: Saddharmapuṇḍarīka: Upāyakauśalya, Chapter 2

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Books for reference:

Vaidya P. L. and Bagchi S. , Saddharmalaṅkāvatārasūtra, Mithila research

Institute, Darbhanga, Bihar, 1963.

Vaidya P. L., Saddharmapuṇḍarīka, The Mithila Institute of Post Graduate

Studies and Research in Sanskrit Learning, Darbhanga, Bihar, 1960.

BL III.3 Nāṭya Literature (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction, Origin, Development and Modern research

Credit 2: 3, and 4 Nāgānanda of Śrī Harṣa / Lokānanda of Candra

Books for references:

1. Harsha, S.N. Tiwari , Global Vision Publishing House, New Delhi

2. Harṣavardhana (King of Thānesar and Kanauj), M. K. Suryanarayana Rao

Subhas Publications, 1992

3. Anthony Kennedy Warder, Indian Kavya Literature: The early medieval period (Sudraka

to Visakhadatta)

Semester III

Optional Papers

*BL III.4 Tibetan language Orientation course (Four Credits)

Text book of Classical Tibetan by Michael Hahn

Chapter 1 to 17

Books for Reference:

Textbook of Classical Tibetan Language (Unpublished English version) of the German Reader

Lehrbuch der klassischen Schriftsprache by Michael Hahn, Indica et Tibetica, Vol. 10,

Marburg 2005 (for the use of students and teachers only)

*BL III.5 Comparative Linguistics (Four Credits)

Credit 1: General Introduction to Linguistics

Definition of Language

Linguistics as a Science of Language, Levels of Language Study: Phonology,

Morphology, Syntax and Semantics

History of Linguistics: Discovery by Sir William Jones, Contributions of

Comparative Philology, Halt Because of Saussure, Present Scenario

Classification of Languages: a) Typological b) Genealogical

Language Families of the World, Language Families of India & Their Peculiar

Features, Indo-European Language Family

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Credit 2: Language Families

Synchronic and Diachronic Approach to Language Study, Descriptive and

Historical Linguistics, Basic Assumptions of Historical Linguistics

Principles of Language Change: Assimilation, Dissimilation, Syncope

Haplology Elision, Metathesis, Morphological Change, Borrowing etc.

Credit 3: Indo-Aryan Language Family

Prehistory of Indo-Aryan Language Family, the Aryan Problem and Linguistic

Theories, Migration of Indo-Aryans to India

Introduction to the Indo-Iranian Language Family: Indo-Aryan Language

Family

A Brief Introduction to the Vedic Literature

Peculiarities of Old Indo-Aryan: Vedic Language: a) in Contrast to Indo-

European b) in Contrast to Classical Sanskrit, Borrowings in the Vedic

Language

Vedic Dialects

Epic Sanskrit and Its Peculiarities

Panini and Development of Classical Sanskrit

Credit 4: Middle Indo-Aryan Languages

Various Theories About Origin and Development of Middle Indo-Aryan

Old Stage of Middle Indo Aryan, Language of the Ashokan Inscriptions, Its

Peculiarities, Pali Language and Literature

Middle Stage of Middle Indo-Aryan: The Prakrits and Their Peculiarities

New Stage of Middle Indo-Aryan: Apabhramsa and Its Peculiar Features

New Indo-Aryan Languages

Books for Reference:

BEANS, JOHN, A Comparative Grammar of Modern Aryan Language of India., Munshiram

Manoharlal, Delhi:1872-1879

BLOCH, JULES, Indo Aryan From the Vedas to Modern Times. Paris; Adrien-Manisonneuve:

1965.

BUBENIK, VIT. ‘Prakrits & Apabhramsa’, In Cardona & Jains (eds), The Indo- Aryan

Languages, 2003 (Page no - 204-249).

BURROW, THOMAS The Sanskrit Language. Faber & Faber Limited, London:1965 (second

edition).

CARDONA, GEORGE.. ‘The Indo-Aryan Languages’ Encyclopedia Britannica (15th

Edition),

1974 vol. 9, (Page no - 439-450).

CARDONA, GEORGE.. ‘Sanskrit’ In Bernard (ed.), The Major Languages of South Asia, the

Middle East & Africa, London: Routledge:1990, (Page no - 31-52).

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CARDONA, GEORGE; JAIN, DHANESH (EDS.),The Indo-Aryan Language, London & New York,

Routledge:2003.

CARDONA, GEORGE, ‘Sanskrit’ IN CARDONA & JAIN (EDS.), The Indo-Aryan Languages, 2003

(Page no - 104-160).

GHATGE A. M. „Introduction to Ardha Magadhi’,Sanmati Tirtha Pune:1941 (reprint 1993).

GHATGE, A. M; Historical Linguistics & Indo-Aryan Language, Bombay University of

Bombay:1962.

KATRE, S. M. „Prakrit Languages & their Contribution to Indian Culture‟, Deccan College,

Poona: 1964

GONDA, JAN, „Old Indian’, LAIDEN & KOLN, E. J. BRILL; 1971.

LAZZERANI, ROMENO. ‘Sanskrit’ IN ROMAT & ROMAT (EDS.), The Indo-European Languages,

London & New York: Routledge: 1998 (Page no - 99-124).

*BL III.6 Buddhism and Indian Philosophy (Four Credits)

[Objective: To introduce major schools of Indian philosophy and highlight points of

comparison between Buddhism and other schools]

Credit 1: The Three-fold Division of the Schools: Vedic (Āstika), Shramaṇa and

Lokāyata

Lokāyata: Dehātmavāda, Materialistic Hedonism, Criticism of Paraloka and

Ritualism

(Points for Comparison in Buddhism: Anattavāda, Madhyamā Pratipadā

Rebirth, the Role of Experience and Reason)

Jainism: The Concept of Sat, Triratna, the Doctrine of Karma, Mahāvrata

Anuvrata, Jīva, Ajīva, Kaivalya

(Points for Comparison: Anityatā, Anātmatā, Madhyamā Pratipadā, Nirvāna

the Concept of Pudgala)

Credit 2: Brahmanical Ritualism and Purvamimāmsā: Sacrifices and Their Justification,

Vedapramāṇya and Hierarchical Social Order, Vaidic Apauruseyavāda

(Points for Comparison: Criticism of Sacrifices, Varṇa / Caste Hierarchy,

Karma, Ahiṃsā)

Upanishadic Philosophy and Advaita-vedānta: The Doctrine of Ātman,

Brahma, Non-dualism, Moksha

(Points for Comparison: Vijñānavāda, Anattā, Śūnyatā, Nirvāna)

Credit 3: Sāṇkhya: The Nature of Puruṣa & Prakṛti, Discriminative Knowledge &

Kaivalya, Satkāryavāda, Pariṇāmavāda

(Points for Comparison: Anityatā, Anātmatā, Pratityasamutpāda, Nirvāna)

Yoga: Citta, Citta-vṛttis, Ashṭāngayoga, Samādhi, Kaivalya

(Points for Comparison: Nirodha, Klesha, Avidyā, Brahmavihāra, Rūpa-

dhyāna, Arūpadhyāna, Prajñā, Śīla)

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Credit 4: Nyāya: Four Pramāṇas, Prameya, Apavarga, Iśvara

(Points of Comparison: Two Pramāṇas, the Nature of Anumāna, Dvādasa-

nidāna)

Vaiśeśikas: The Nature of Six Padārthas, Abhāva

(Points for Comparison: Svalakshaṇa & Samānyalakshaṇa, Criticism of Jāti,

Criticism of Dravya & Relations)

Books for References:

DASGUPTA S. N. „History of Indian Philosophy’, Cambridge University Press, London: 1940.

HIRIYANNA M. „Outlines of Indian Philosophy’, London:1956.

Mohanty J. N.: Introduction to Indian Philosophy, Oxford University Press.

*PA III.7: Resurgence of Buddhism in India (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Rediscovery of Buddhism and Resurgence of Buddhism in Modern India

Credit 2: Dr. Ambedkar: Life and Mission: His Social Philosophy and Constitutional

Vision

Credit 3: Dr. Ambedkar‟s Writings and Speeches on Buddhism

Credit 4: Dr. Ambedkar‟s “The Buddha and His Dhamma”

Books for Reference:

*PA III.8: Buddhist Art & Architecture (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Origin of Buddhist Art & Architecture, Stupa, Development through Ages, Art

& Architecture of the Stupas, Bharhut, Sanchi, Amaravati, Sanghol

Credit 2: Rock- cut Art & Architecture in Western India, Chaityagriha and Vihara

Credit 3: Origin of the Buddha Image - Gandhara and Mathura, Gupta and Later

Developments - Terracotta, Stone, Bronze and Stucco Images

Credit 4: Paintings: Ajanta, Bagh, Alchi and Pala, Buddhist Architecture in Eastern

India

Books for Reference:

FERGUSSON and BURGESS. Cave Temples of India. Munshiram Manoharilal, New Delhi.

HUNTINGTON, Susan. Art of Ancient India. Weatherhill Publication, New York Brown, Percy.

Indian Architecture, Taraporwala & CO., Mumbai.

MATE, M. S. Prachin Bharatiya Kala. Maharashtra Rajya Sahitya Sanskriti Mandal (out of

print).

MATE, M. S. Prachin Kalabharati. Continental Prakashan, Pune.

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MITRA, Debala. Buddhist Monuments. Sahitya Samsad, Calcutta.

*BL III.9 Human experience and personality (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Citta and Cetasika

Citta (Mind): Levels of Mind (Bhūmi), Types of Mind (Kusala, Akusala,

Vipāka and Kiriyā)

Cetasika (Mental States): Aññasamāna, Akusala, Sobhana, Association with

Different Types of Mind

Credit 2: Matter and Mind Inter-relation

Rūpa (Corporeality) - Rūpakhanda

Rūpa-arūpakhanda: Rūpa (Material aggregates): Material Categories, Origin of

Material Properties (samutthāna), and Material Formation

Arūpa (Immaterial Aggregates): Vedanā (Feeling), Saññā (Perception),

Saṅkhāra (Volitional Activity), Viññāṇa (Cognition)

Nāma–Rūpa: Nāma (Mind), Phassa (Contact), Vedanā (Feeling), Saññā

(Perception), Cetanā (Volition), Manasikāra (Mode of Attention)

Paṭiccasamuppāda (Law of Dependant Origination) and Paccaya (Causal

Relation) with Special Reference to Mind-Matter Relationship

Credit 3: Cognition, Emotion and Behavior & Their Relation to Suffering

Cognition, Citta-Vīthi, Analysis of Thought Process

Three Levels of Cognition: Saññā (Perception), Viññaṇā (cognition), Paññā

(Penitration)

Speculative Non-speculative Cognitive Process with Special Reference to

Sutta Literature, Papañca/ Diṭṭhi: Erroneous Thinking as a Source of Suffering

Comparison with Different Models of Cognitive Psychology and

Psychotherapy

Emotions: Explanatory Models of Emotion in Buddhism and Psychology

Buddhist Model of Emotion: Cetasika (Mental States), Sobhana (Wholesome)

and Akusala (Unwholesome)

Psychological Models of Emotion: Dimensional, Discrete Emotions, Meaning

Oriented, Componential

Emotional Intelligence: Buddhist and Psychological Perspective

Buddhist Perspective: Manasikāra (Mode of Attention): Yoniso (Proper) &

Ayoniso (Improper), Sati (Mindfulness), Sampajañña (Understanding)

Psychological Perspective of Emotional Intelligence

Behaviour: Kamma (Action), Cetanā (Volition), Kammapath (Course of

Action)

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Kamma-dvāra (Door of Action) : Kāya (Bodily), Vaci (Verbal), Mano

(Mental)

Viññatti (Communication): Kāya & Vaci; Kusala (Wholesome), Akusala

(Unwholesome) Abyākata (Undetermined) Kamma

Credit 4: Personality

Buddhist Concept of Person: Khandha (Aggregates), Pudgala (Individual) and

Anattā (Non-self)

Personality Traits (Carita): Wholesome and Unwholesome Personality Traits

Review of Major Approaches to the Study of Personality in Psychology

Comparison of Buddhist and Psychological Concept of Personality: Concept

of Personality

Concept of Ideal Personality: Characteristics of Arhat, Bodhisatta, Buddha &

Concept of Fully Functioning Personality

Bases of Individual Differences: According to Buddhism: Habits (Saṅkhāra),

Result of Karma (Kammavipāka)

According to Modern Psychology: Genes, Environment

Semester IV

Compulsory Papers

Note: Student can opt any four papers out of the eight. Papers IV.1 to IV.3 are compulsory

whereas papers IV.4 to IV.8 are optional.

BL IV.1: Pāramitā and abhidharma (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction to Pāramitā literature, Origin, Development,

Related issues, Survey of modern research

Credit 2: Vajracchedikā-prajñāpāramitā

Credit 3: Introduction to Abhidharmakośa, Origin, Development, related issues,

Survey of modern research

Credit 4: Abhidharmakoṣabhāṣya: Dhātunirdeśa

Reference Works:

Vajracchedikā-prajñāpāramitā : Edited and Translated with Introduction

and Glossary, Edward Conze, ISIAO, 1957

Nepāla Bauddha Grantha Anuvāda Samiti, Nāgārjuna Bauddha Adhyayana Saṃsthāna, 2002

Abhidharmakoṣabhāṣya

BL IV.2: Buddhist Śāstra Literature (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction to Buddhist philosophy, related issues, survey of modern research

Credit 2: Mūlamadhyamakārikā : pratyaparīkṣā

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Credit 3: Viṃśikā of Vaśubandhu

Credit 4: Tattvasṃagraha : īshvaraparīkṣā

Books for Reference:

Seven works of Vaśuvandhu, Stefan Anacker, Motilal Banarasidass, 2008

Vaidya P. L. Madhyamakśāstra of Nāgarjuna with the Commentary Prasannapadā by

Chandrakīrti, The Mithila Institute of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Sanskrit

Learning, Darbhanga, 1987.

4. Swami Dwarikadas Shastri, Tattvasaṃgraha, Bauddha Bharati, Varanasi,

1968.

BL IV.3: Social and Historical literature (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction to Buddhist Social Discourses: Pāli and Sanskrit,

Related Issues, survey of Modern research

Credit 2: Vajrasūcī

Credit 3: Introduction to Buddhist Historical accounts: Pāli and Sanskrit, related issues,

Survey modern research

Credit 4: Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa, chapter 53, Rājavyākaraṇaparivarta, verses 1-78

Books for Reference:

1. Vajrasūcī, ed. L. N. Shastri, Central University of Tibetan Studies, Sarnath, Varanasi 2006.

2. Parashuram Lakshman Vaidya, Mithila Inst. of Post-graduate Studies and Research in

Sanskrit Learning, 1964.

Semester IV

Optional Papers

*BL IV.4 Classical Tibetan Language and Literature: Grammar, Metric and reading

exercises (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Grammar and Metric, Lessons 18-20

Credit 2: Reading exercise 1

Credit 3: Reading exercise 2

Credit 4: Reading exercise 3

Book for Reference:

Textbook of Classical Tibetan Language (Unpublished English version) of the German Reader

Lehrbuch der klassischen tibetischen Schriftsprache by Michael Hahn, Indica et Tibetica, Vol.

10, Marburg 2005, Lessons 18-20 and Reading Exercise (for the use of students and teachers

only)

*PA IV.5: Comparative Philology (Four Credits)

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Credit 1: Phonology of Indo-Aryan Languages

Alphabets of Vedic Sanskrit, Classical Sanskrit, Pāli, Prakrits and

Apabhraṃsha

Vowels of Indo-Aryan and the Development Therein

Consonants and Their Development

Visarga and Anusvāra and the Change Therein

Consonant Clusters and Their Development

Credit 2: Morphology of Indo-Aryan Languages

Nominal Bases: Additions, Omissions and Innovations

Verbal Stems: Additions, Omissions and Innovations

Declension System

Conjugational System

Secondary Derivatives

Vocabulary

Credit 3: Syntactical and Semantic Changes in Indo-Aryan Languages

Sanskrit Syntax: an Introduction

Pāli Syntax: Peculiarities

Prakrit Syntax: Peculiarities

Credit 4: Modern Vernaculars and Their Development

Books for Reference:

BUBENIK, VIT. The Structure & Development of Middle Indo-Aryan Dialects. Motilal

Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited, Delhi, 1996.

BUBENIK, VIT. A Historical Syntax of Late Middle Indo-Aryan (Apabhraṃsa). John

Benjamins Publishing Co., Amsterdam\ Philadelphia, 1998.

COLLINS, STEVEN. A Pali Grammar for Students. Silkworm Books, Chiang Mai (Thailand),

2005.

EDGERTON, F. Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar. Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1972.

GEIGER, WILHELM. Pali Literature & Language (English translation B. K. Ghosh). University

of Calcutta, Calcutta, 1943.

GEIGER, WILHELM. A Pali Grammar (English Translation by B. K. GHOSH, 1943, edited by

K. R. NORMAN). The Pali Text Society Oxford, 1994.

MEHENDALE, M. A. Historical Grammar of Inscriptional Prakrits. Deccan College, Poona,

1948

MEHENDALE, M. A. Some Aspects of Indo-Aryan Linguistics. University of Bombay,

Bombay, 1968.

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NORMAN K. R. Pali Literature, including the Canonical Literature in Prakrit & Sanskrit of

all the Hinayana Schools of Buddhism (A History of Indian Literature 7.2). Ed. J. Gonda),

1983.

OBERLIES, THOMAS. Pali- A Grammar of the Language of the Theravada Tripitaka. De

Gruyter, Berlin-New York, 2001

------------------------. „Ashokan Prakrit & Pali’ In: The Indo-Aryan Languages, Edited by

Cardona & Jain, 2003 (page no.s 161-203).

OBUIBENINE, BORDS. A Descriptive Grammar of Buddhist Sanskrit, Part I. The Language of

the Textual Tradition of the Mahasamghika – Lokottaravadins. (Forthcoming).

SEN, SUKUMAR. A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan. Deccan College (LSI)

Poona, 1960.

SEN, SUKUMAR. Syntactic Studies of Indo-Aryan Languages. Institute for the Study of

Languages & Cultures of Asia & Africa, Tokyo, 1995.

VARMA, SIDDHESHWAR. Critical Study in the Phonetic Observations of Indian Grammarians.

Munshiram Manoharlal, Delhi,1929 (Reprint 1961).

*PA IV.6: Buddhism and Western Philosophy (Four Credits)

(Objective: To introduce the doctrines & discussions in the western philosophy on some

important issues common to Buddhism. Students are not supposed to do comparison between

Buddhism & Western philosophy as a part of this course, but to enrich the understanding of

Buddhism in a broader framework.)

Credit 1: Common Issues between Buddhism & Western Philosophy

A Survey of Buddhist Approaches to the Following Issues:

The Nature of Reality: Permanent or Impermanent; Existence & Knowledge of

the External World; Idealism vs. Realism

The Existence & Nature of Self; Mind & Matter, Universals & Particulars

The Role of Reason & Faith in Religious Life; the Idea of Inexpressible

Egoistic/Altruistic/Universalistic Hedonism

Credit 2: Being & Becoming in the Western Philosophy: Parmenides, Heraclitus, Plato

Bergson, Hume and Kant on Causation

Credit 3: Mind & Matter: Plato, Descartes, Berkeley, Hume, Ryle

Universals & Particulars: Plato, Aristotle, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Hobbes

Wittgenstein

Credit 4: Moral & Religious Life

Aristotle: Doctrine of Virtues, Golden Mean

Kant: Goodwill, Religion within the Bounds of Reason

Mill: Utilitarianism / Universalistic Hedonism

Wittgenstein: The Un-sayable, the Mystical

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Books for Reference:

COPLESTON, F. History of Philosophy, Vol. 1-7. Image Books, New York, 1962-94.

HOSPERS. An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis. Prentice Hall, London, 1953.

O`CONNOR, D. J. A critical history of western Philosophy. Collier Macmillan Publishers,

London, 1964.

RUSSELL. Problems of Philosophy. OUP, London, 1978.

TITUS, H. H. Living Issues in Philosophy. Asian Publishing Home, New Delhi, 1968.

WOOZLEY. Theory of knowledge: An Introduction. Hutchinson University Library, London,

1969.

*PA IV.7: Buddhism and Modern World (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Post-Ambedkar Buddhist Movement in India: Activities of TBMSG, S. N.

Goenka‟s Vippassana Movement, Buddhist Society of India, etc.

Credit 2: Socially Engaged Buddhism in Countries with Theravada Background: Sri

Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar, etc.

Credit 3: Socially Engaged Buddhism in Countries with Mahayana Background:

Vietnam, Tibet, Japan and Korea, etc.

Credit 4: Socially Engaged Buddhism in Other Parts of World: Europe,

America and Africa

Books for Reference:

*PA IV.8: Buddhist Inscriptions (Four Credits)

Credit 1: Introduction to Indian Epigraphy, Origin & Development, Related Issues

Survey of Modern Research

Credit 2: Origin & Development of Brahmī and Kharoṣṭhī Script

Credit 3: Study of Selected Brahmi Inscriptions

Credit 4: Study of Selected Kharoṣṭhī Inscriptions

Books for reference:

1. D. C. Sircar, Indian Epigraphy. Delhi: Motilal Banarasidas, 1996.

2. Richard Saloman, Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscription in

Sanskrit, Prakrit and the other Indo- Aryan Languages, Oxford University Press,

1998.

3. D. C. Sircar, Selected Inscriptions: Bearing on Indian History and Civilization, 2

Vol. University of Calcutta, 1965.

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4. A. H. Dani, Indian Paleography, 3rd

Edition, New Delhi, Munshiram

Manoharilal, 1997.

5. R. B. Pandey, Indian Paleography, Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass, 1952.

6. G. H, Ojha, Bhāratīya Lipimālā, Ajmer, 1918.

7. F. R. Allchin, K. R. Norman, A Guide to Ashokan Inscription, A South Asian

Studies, I, 1985: 43-50

8. A. K. Narayan and M. S. Shukla, Prācīna Bhāratīya Abhilekha-Saṃgraha, 12 vols.,

Varanasi, BHU : 1969.

9. R. G. Basak, Asokan Inscription, Delhi: 1989.

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