Yeast and yeast application in food

Syeda Fatma H. BukhariYeast and its Food ApplicationYeastEukaryotic (mostly unicellular) Classified under the kingdom Fungi. They are capable of obtaining their required energy in aerobic conditions (respiration) as well as anaerobic conditions (fermentation).Yeast as a word comes from Old English (gist or gyst) and from the Indo-European root yes-, meaning foam, bubble or boil. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most common yeast species used in processes like brewing and baking.

Predictable and vigorous fermentation capabilitiesTolerance towards high alcohol and sulfur dioxide levels Capability of thriving between pH 2.8 and 4 (normal wine pH)Types of YeastBrewer's yeastTorula

Baker's yeastNutritional yeastTypes of Bakers YeastAscorbic acid is added for preservation4Nutritional YeastDeactivatedyeast, often a strain ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeUsed as dietary supplements. Nutritional yeast is rich in many basic nutrients that the body requires: B vitamins (excluding B12), chromium, minerals, amino acids and vitamins (excluding A, C and E).Yeast also has high phosphorous content. There are two primary sources from which nutritional yeast is derived: from brewing beer and from whey, molasses, blackstrap or wood pulp

Uses of Yeast ExtractsYeast extract is the name given to various processed yeast products obtained by extracting the cell contents (or through removal of cell walls). They are used as food additives and flavorings, often to create savory flavors and umami taste sensations. Yeast extracts are found in a large variety of packaged food including frozen meals, junk food, crackers, gravy, stock and more. Liquid form of yeast extracts can be dried to produce a light paste or powder. Glutamic acid is one of the most widely used yeast extracts and is produced from an acid-base fermentation cycle. Methods to obtain yeast extractAutolyzed yeast extract Consists of a concentration of yeast cells that are made to die and break up. This is followed by the breakdown of yeasts proteins into simpler compounds by the action of the yeasts own endogenous digestive enzymes. The general method of making Autolyzed yeast extract on a commercial scale is the addition of sodium chloride to a yeast suspension. The hypertonic nature of the suspension leads to the shriveling up of yeast cells, which triggers autolysis (self destruction) of yeast. The dying yeast cells are then heated to complete their breakdown, after which the husk containing the yeast with thick cell walls is separated. This removal of cell walls changes the texture and concentrates the flavor.

2. Hydrolyzed yeast extract Differs from autolyzed yeast extract in the use of enzymes that digest the yeast proteins. Hydrolyzed yeast extract is produced by the digestion of yeast proteins by exogenous enzymes or acids.

YEASTS:NUTRACEUTICALS &SUPPLEMENTS

BY: FARIA KHAN

COMMONLY USED YEASTS:

REDYEASTRICE (MONASCUS PURPUREUS)BREWER'SYEAST (SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE)SACCHAROMYCESBOULARDII

NUTRACEUTICALS:OSTEOARTHRITISANTI CANCERANTI OXIDANTBLOOD PRESSURE IMMUNE RESPONSEMOOD CONTROLAIDS DIGESTIONHEART DISEASESportmanteauof the words nutrition and pharmaceuticalFood Food productsprovides health and medical benefits prevention and treatment ofdisease

WHY WE NEED THEM?BETA GLUCAN----- A SUPER FOOD

Beta glucan is a scientifically proven biological defense modifier (BDM) that nutritionally potentiates and modulates the immune response. It is found in the cell walls of yeast and first identified in the 1960s by Nicholas DiLuzio, Ph.D.

The cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast are an important source of this polysaccharide.Beta-D-Glucan has bioactive and medicinal properties, which include immune stimulation, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-infective, anti-viral, anti-tumoral, cholesterol lowering, radioprotective and wound healing.the 1,3-beta-D-glucans lentinan and schizophyllan have been used clinically as adjuncts in cancer therapy.

Freimund S, Sauter M, et al, A New Non-Degrading Isolation Process for 1,3--D-glucan of High Purity From Baker's Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisia, Carbohydr Polymers, 2003;54:159-171.

anti cancerimmuno modulatorconquering infectionscholestrol lowering(Saima Siddique)UG-3

PROS AND CONS OF USING YEAST IN FOOD PRODUCTS

INTRODUCTIONALLERGIC REACTIONBAKERS YEASTSKIN OR RESPIRATORY SIDE EFFECTSTOUCHING OR INHALING YEASTThe effects of yeast in the body are frequently related to having some type of persistent fungal infection.CANDIDA ALBICANSHEALTH BENEFITS OF YEAST IN FOOD NUTRITIONAL YEAST(18 amino acids)(15 minerals)Valuable and well known food supplement and healthy impact on the body

The essential minerals and vitamins provided by nutritional yeast include:Vitamin B complex(Brewers yeast)Break down carbohydrates ,fats and proteinsPrevents pancreatic cancerManaging stress levelHealthy functioning of digestive and nervous systemBiotin, pantothenic acid, riboflavin, pyridoxine, thiamine, niacin and folic acidImportant for strong and healthy hairContributes to nail and growth and strength.

Brewers yeast is also a prime source of vitamin B- complex which helps the body in improving the general metabolism.

16Chromium(GTF)Dealing with diabetes and low blood pressure.

Be helpful in reducing the amount of fatSeleniumKnock down free radicals in bodyImproves the elasticity of skinFolic Acid and FibreDevelopment of nervous system in a growing fetusRich source of fibre N U T R I T I O N A L Y E A S T

Excellent alternate for dairy productsPlays important role in regulating blood sugarBeneficial for people having digestive issues and atherosclerosis

Beneficial for vegetarian and people on low cholesterol dietCures conditions like eczema and dermatitis ACNE TREATMENTNUTRITIONAL YEAST BREWERS YEASTBREWERS YEASTBoosts the bodys immunity-INHIBITION OF CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE Improves bodys natural microbial balance Build and repair tissues, bones, muscles and + help in hormone and enzyme productionReducing and treating digestive problems Prevents cancerProtein found in brewer's yeast -human cell divisionDISADVANTAGES OF USING YEAST IN FOOD PRODUCTSDeplete vitamin B in the bodyItching, Urticaria, and Quincke's edemaIncrease the effects of diabetes medicationsStomach discomfort,excess gas and bloating Irritable bowel disease

Tyramine-hypertensive crisisAllergic reactionsBREWERS

YEAST