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Influence on Material Use andConstruction PracticesComparison of European Codes, Standards, and PracticeFrank Werling, Finnforest UK Ltd

Sales EUR 5 billionPersonnel 14,000

Production units and sales offices in 30 countriesSome 130,000 forest owner members in Finland own

5.3 million hectares of forests48% of all private forests

MetsäliittoOne of the largest forest industry groups in the world

Metsäliitto CooperativeWood Supply

Wood Products

SalesWS EUR 1.1 billionWPI EUR 0.8 billion

Metsä-Botnia

Pulp

SalesEUR 1.2 billion

M-real

Paperboard and paper

SalesEUR 2.4 billion

Metsä Tissue

Tissue and cooking paper

SalesEUR 0.9 billion

Metsäliitto Group

Which Codes and Standards?

• Global Standards (ISO, etc.)• European Standards (EN, etc.)• Local Standards (BS, DIN, etc.)

• Local Legislations (Zulassung (D), AvisTech (F), BBA (GB), etc.)• Energy: - Code for Sustainable Homes (GB)

- Passiv Haus Standard (D)• Robust Details (GB)• LEED, BREEAM, Carbon Footprint

• 3rd Party Technical Standards (NHBC, Zurich, etc.)

• Etc. etc. etc.

Engineered Wood

Machined, reconstituted, graded, glued, processed, etc.

Glulam, CLT Leno®, Kerto®-LVL, Microllam®, Birch Ply, Spruce Ply, Parallam® PSL, Timberstrand® LSL, OSB/2, OSB/3, Sterlingboard®, Chipboard P5, Soft Board, Hard board, MDF, I-Joist, Stress skin panels, Thermowood®

Requests/questions

• Is it structurally ok to use?• Does engineered timber burn?• What are the sound isolation and insulation

properties?• Does the timber not shrink away?• Is a timber building not very windy/drafty?• What about thermal mass?• Is the timber environmentally friendly? Does it

have a forest certification? • What environmental credentials do you have?

Fire

Sound

Conservation of Energy

Environmental accreditation

Fire

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Fire

Approach in two parts

• Structural integrity• Fire spread of flames

• To achieve Resistance, Insulation and Isolation

Fire

Approach in two parts

• Structural integrity• Fire spread of flames

Fire

Structural Integrity

• Most timber products char with 0.7mm per minute

• Residual section after 30, 60 or 90 minutes

• “Cladding” with timber products or with plasterboard type sheathing

Fire• Spread of flame• Spread of flame

Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris

Fire Sound

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Sound

• Reduction of Airborne Sound• Reduction of Impact Sound

• Achieve with:– Laboratory tests and a safety

margin– With details robust enough for

errors in construction

• Minimum levels within Europe different in each member state

Sound

City Academy London, UK

Sound

Components:

• Kerto-Q visual panel– Pattern– Coating/colour

• Absorbing material

• Structural floor/roof

Sound

Mariinsky TheatreSt Petersburg

Conservation of Energy

Why should we build in timber?

• Timber contains not much embodied energy

• Timber is stored “Sunshine + CO2”

• Timber is an insulation material (k-value < 0.13)

• Timber is not a cold bridge

• Timber can release its energy when recycled

• Timber used as bio-energy source in production (Finnforest)

Conservation of Energy “Store Sunshine”

Annual Solar gain on earth

Worldwide annual

consumption of energyApprox. reserves of

fossil energies

Total World Energy

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Conservation of Energy

Achieving the standard by

• Careful detailing

• The right material in the right place

• U-values in timber frame can range from 0.27 to 0.06W/m2K In 1893 Fridjof Nansen whrote when on

the norwegian polar expedition

Conservation of Energy

The Passive House of 1893 Discovered by Rainer Pfluger, Passivhaus Institut

…Also the floors, walls and ceiling have been insulated well with many layers. An airtight linoleum layer was installed so no water vapour from the warm air can condense and eventually freeze. This on top of tarred felt with cork filling. Then spruce boards, then another airtight linoleum layer then another spruce board layer. All ceiling and floors are 400mm thick. The windows, where the cold might penetrate easily, are triple glazed windows. It is a cosy place here no matter if it is -5° or -30° Celsius below freezing and we have no fire in the oven. The ventilation is excellent, as it is pushing the fresh air in. I consider removing the oven, … it is just in our way…. Fritjof Nansen: "In Nacht und Eis. Die norwegische Polarexpedition", Leipzig 1898

The Passiv Haus of 1893Conservation of Energy

The Passive House of 1893 Discovered by Rainer Pfluger, Passivhaus Institut

Conservation of EnergyPassiv Haus Requirements

Heating <= 0.15 kWh/m2aPrimary Energy <= 120 kWh/m2aU-value opaque <= 0.15 W/m2KU-value window <= 0.80 W/m2KAir-tightness <= 0.6/h

Accredited by PHPP

• Orientation• Naturally pre-heated air• Heat recovery• Sustainably heated water• Energy saving white-goods

Kerto® in Leno®

• Specifically for airtight and thin construction

• Service zone within 85mm but not compromising airtightness

Conservation of Energy

The Construction – Envelope

• Target U-Value 0.15 W/m2K for external envelope

• Wall-Floor junction detail

• Airtight seal

• Minimised cold bridge

Conservation of energy

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The Construction – Envelope

• Well insulated – low U-values

Conservation of energy Environmental accreditation

• Life Cycle Analysis

• Carbon Foot print

• FSC, PEFC, SFI, etc.

• British Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM)

• Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)

Product accreditation

Design accreditation

Environmental accreditation Environmental accreditation

Thank you