SWIG Beach MaMIMO Oct 2018 · actuators will be connected to the Internet • Low volume of information transmitted occasionally. ... •X10 battery life •Reduced Latency (0.5ms)

Massive MIMO:

5G and Massive Machine to Machine

Type Communications

Professor Mark Beach (and colleagues)Communication and Networks Group,

University of Bristol, Bristol. UK

http://www.bristol.ac.uk/engineering/research/csn/

Sensors in Water Interest Group (SWIG)

IoT for the Water Industry, Wed 24th Oct 2018

Communication Systems & Networks Group

University of Bristol © CSN Group 2018

Summary

• 5G and why Massive MIMO

• Multiple Access through

Massive MIMO

• Test-bed architecture

• Field Trials exploring gains in

Spectrum Efficiency

• Mobility & Public Trials

• Spatial correlation

• User grouping

• Open Research Questions

2



5G: The Networked Society

• Broadband experience: everywhere; anytime

• Smart vehicles, transport & infrastructure

3



M2M & IoT in 5G

• A very large number of sensors and

actuators will be connected to the Internet

• Low volume of information transmitted

occasionally.

• Simple transceivers:

- low cost

- low power consumption

4



5G M2M (or E2E) Latency Requirements

• Autonomous Vehicle

< 5-10 ms

5

• Augmented Reality / VR

< 5 ms to avoid cyber sickness

• Industry Control / Automation

< 0.5 ms

• Remote robotics / surgery

< 1 ms for haptic feedback



5G: The Networked Society

• Broadband experience: everywhere; anytime

• Smart vehicles, transport & infrastructure

Target Specs:• 10Gbit/s Peak, 100Mbit/s where ever needed

• X100 – x1000 Capacity

• X10 battery life

• Reduced Latency (0.5ms)

• 5G Requires• New Spectrum 66 Millimetre wave bands

• Enhanced Spectrum Efficiency .. Massive MIMO for sub-6GHz

6



What is Massive MIMO (MaMIMO) & Why?

7

Basestation or Access Point

> 50 (M) antennas serving a few (K) users (simultaneously)

Simple Signal Processing, power and spectrum efficient (sub-6GHz)



Some Clarity on Definitions on use of MaMIMO

8

Millimetre Wave 5G Access:

Massive Arrays for

Beamforming Array Gain

Analogue Phase control

Sub 6GHz: Massive Arrays with

Signal Processing per element for

enhanced Spectrum Efficiency



Conventional Cellular Radio9

Ultimate Spatial

Resolution

• Multiple users share same time, frequency or

code resources

Uplink 1 Downlink 1

Cellular View

Uplink 2 Downlink 2

Uplink 3 Downlink 3

Uplink k Downlink k

Frequency / Time

Frequency / Time / Code



Massive MIMO and Capacity Gain

10

Ultimate Spatial

Resolution

• Increased spectral efficiency and network capacity

• Accurate spatial multiplexing for multiple access

• Same Radio Channel, Same time (slot)

TimeSpace

Uplink Downlink

Uplink

Uplink

Uplink

Downlink

Downlink

Downlink

Cellular View



More than just beamforming

11



NI Based ‘BIO’ Massive MIMO test-bed

• 128 Programmable

Radio Heads

• 20MHz Bandwidth

• ‘LTE’ like interface

• 1.2 – 6.0GHz Carrier

• 3.51GHz used

• 4 Racks of 32 Radios

• Data consolidation

• Channel processing

• 24 Clients

• Massive MIMO signal

processing supporting

• 12 clients

12



First System Deployment (10th March 2016)

13

• Client Separation 2.5 - 6 Wavelengths

• Equal Transmit Power



Our first results (10th March 2016):

14

Eigen

Structure

Individual Spatial Stream Rx Magnitude

Power Delay profiles

Frequency Domain profiles

12 streams of 256 QAM!

http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2016/march/massive-mimo.htmlCOST IRACON TD(16)0185 Paul Harris



Facebook & Massive MIMO (13th April 2016)

• ARIES (Antenna Radio

Integration for Efficiency in

Spectrum)

• Rural wireless Internet

• Specifications & Efficiency

• 96 antenna element array

• 24 users

• 71 bits/s/Hz

15

http://www.wired.com/2016/04/facebooks-massive-new-antennas-can-beam-internet-miles/



2nd Deployment (Wed 11th May 2016)

16

22 users running 256 QAM in 20MHz Channel

Using same frame structure as before:

• 145.6 bits/s/Hz

• Sum rate of 2.915 Gbpshttp://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/telecom/wireless/5g-researchers-achieve-new-spectrum-efficiency-record

http://www.bris.ac.uk/news/2016/may/5g-wireless-spectrum-efficiency.html

User

Inactive

User

Inactive

128 element (32 x 4)

dual polar patch array



Mobility Trials and Spatial Correlation

17



Mobility trials & Spatial Correlation

18

Paul Harris et al, ‘Performance Characterization of a Real-Time Massive MIMO System With LOS Mobile Channels’

IEEE JSAC, Volume: 35 Issue: 6, pp1244 - 1253 , June 2017



Massive MIMO Spatial Channels: User Mapping

19

Group 1:

Users 1, 3, 6 and 7

Group 2:

Users 2, 4, 5 and 8



Collaboration with BT

20

http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2017/february/massive-mimo-trials.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tFhubkGlZBY

Paul Harris, Mark Beach, Simon Armour & Ian Mings, Cover Story, Microwave Journal, Sept 2017

Collaborate to Innovate 2017 Award, http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2017/september/massive-mimo.html



Layered Realities Weekend 5G showcase

21



Layered Realities Weekend 5G Showcase

22



DCMS 5G Testbeds & Trials Programme

• 5GIC (Uni Surrey), KCL and University of Bristol first

phase of UK 5G programme (£16M)

http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2017/july/5g-test-network.html

• Showcase at Mobile World Congress (MWC2018) http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2017/september/massive-mimo.html

• 5G Layered Realities Weekend (17th & 18th April 2018)http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2018/march/5gexperience.html

26



Open Research Questions

28

Scalability, Multi-cell – massive MIMO

(Pilot Contamination), Power Control

Integration using Software-defined networking (SDN)

Antenna Element Design, Polarisation,

Array Geometry, Planning Tools

Algorithm Optimisation: Dense Urban Vs Rural,

plus Specialist Deployments

U

E

1

U

E

2

Reduced

SINR

700MHz

Control

plane

3.5GHz

m-MIMO

Data-plane



Acknowledgements and Thanks to :• Academic Colleagues at Bristol: Andy Nix, Evangelos Mellios, Angela Doufexi & Simon Armour

• Post Graduate Students: Paul Harris, Wael Boukley Hasan, Siming Zhang, Henry Brice, Benny Chitambira, & Fred Wiffen

• Academic Colleagues at Lund University: Ove Edfors, Fredrik Tufvesson & Liang Liu, post graduates Steffan Malkowsky, Joao Vieira, Erik Bengtsson,B..

• NI Staff Leif Johansson, Karl Nieman Ian Wong & James Kimery

• BT Labs: Tim Whitley, Paul Crane, Ian Mings et al

29



Bristol / Lund Mobility Video

30

http://www.bristol.ac.uk/engineering/research/csn/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPPMrr4rHmo

Documents

SWIG Beach MaMIMO Oct 2018 · actuators will be connected to the Internet • Low volume of information transmitted occasionally. ... •X10 battery life •Reduced Latency (0.5ms)