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2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Course v6 Chapter #1
Chapter 1:Analyzing The Cisco
Enterprise CampusArchitecture
CCNP SWITCH: Implementing IP Switching
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Chapter #2 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Chapter 1 Objectives
Describe common campus design options and how design
choices affect implementation and support of a campus
LAN.
Describe the access, distribution, and core layers.
Describe small, medium, and large campus network
designs.
Describe the prepare, plan, design, implement, operate,
optimize (PPDIOO) methodology.
Describe the network lifecycle approach to campus design.
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Chapter #3 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Introduction toEnterpriseCampusNetwork Design
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Chapter #4 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Enterprise Network
Core (Backbone)
Campus
Data Center
Branch
WAN Internet Edge
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Chapter #5 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Regulatory Standards (U.S.)
There may be several legal regulations that have an impact
on a networks design.
US regulations on networks include:
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Records to Be Preserved by Certain Exchange Members, Brokers
and Dealers: Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rule 17a-
4
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Chapter #6 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Campus Designs
Modular- easily supports growth and change. Scaling the
network is eased by adding new modules in lieu of
complete redesigns.
Resilient - proper high-availability (HA) characteristics
result in near-100% uptime.
Flexible - change in business is a guarantee for any
enterprise. These changes drive campus network
requirements to adapt quickly.
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7 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Multilayer Switches in Campus Networks
Hardware-based routing using
Application-Specific IntegratedCircuits (ASICs)
RIP, OSPF, and EIGRP are
supported
Layer 3 switching speeds
approximate that of Layer 2
switches
Layer 4 and Layer 7 switching
supported on some switches
Future: Pure Layer 3environment leveraging
inexpensive L3 access layer
switches
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8 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Cisco Switches
Catalyst 6500 Family used in campus, data center, andcore as well as WAN and branch Up to 13 slots and 16 10-Gigabit Ethernet interfaces
Redundant power supplies, fans, and supervisor engines
Runs Cisco IOS
Catalyst 4500 Family used in distribution layer and incollapsed core environments Up to 10 slots and several 10-Gigabit Ethernet interfaces
Runs Cisco IOS
Catalyst 3560 and 3750 Families used in fixed-portscenarios at the access and distribution layers
Nexus 2000, 5000, and 7000 Families NX-OS basedmodular data center switches
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9 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Multilayer Switching Miscellany
ASIC-based (hardware)
switching is supported even
with QoS and ACLs,
depending on the platform;
6500 switches support
hardware-based switchingwith much larger ACLs than
3560 switches.
ASICs on Catalyst switches
work in tandem with ternary
content addressable memory(TCAM) and packet-matching
algorithms for high-speed
switching.
Catalyst 6500 switches with
a Supervisor Engine 720 and
a Multilayer Switch Feature
Card (MSFC3) must
software-switch all packets
requiring Network AddressTranslation.
Unlike CPUs, ASICs scale in
switching architectures.
ASICs integrate onto
individual line modules ofCatalyst switches to
hardware-switch packets in a
distributed manner.
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10 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Traffic Types
Network Management BPDU, CDP, SNMP, RMON, SSH
traffic (for example); low bandwidth
IP Telephony Signaling traffic and encapsulated voice traffic;
low bandwidth
IP Multicast IP/TV and market data applications; intensive
configuration requirements; very high bandwidth Normal Data File and print services, email, Internet browsing,
database access, shared network applications; low to medium
bandwidth
Scavenger Class All traffic with protocols or patterns thatexceed normal data flows; less than best-effort traffic, such as
peer-to-peer traffic (instant messaging, file sharing, IP phone
calls, video conferencing); medium to high bandwidth
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11 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Client-Server Applications
Mail servers
File servers
Database servers
Access to applications is
fast, reliable, and secure
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12 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Client-Enterprise Edge Applications
Servers on the enterprise
edge, exchanging data
between an organization
and its public servers
Examples: external mail
servers, e-commerceservers, and public web
servers
Security and high
availability are paramount
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Chapter #13 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Service-Oriented Network Architecture (SONA)
Application Layer business and collaboration applications; meet business
requirements leveraging interactive services layer.
Interactive Services Layer enable efficient allocation of resources to
applications and business processes through the networked infrastructure.
Networked Infrastructure Layer where all IT resources interconnect.
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Chapter #14 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Borderless Networks
Enterprise architecture launched by Cisco in October 2009.
Model enables businesses to transcend borders, access
resources anywhere, embrace business productivity, and
lower business and IT costs.
Focuses more on growing enterprises into global
companies.
Technical architecture based on three principles:
Decoupling hardware from software
Unifying computation, storage, and network
Policy throughout the unified system
Provides a platform for business innovation.
Serves as the foundation for rich-media communications.
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Chapter #15 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
EnterpriseCampus Design
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Chapter #16 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Building Access, Building Distribution, and BuildingCore Layers
Building Core Layer: high-speed campus backbone
designed to switch packets as
fast as possible; provides high
availability and adapts quickly to
changes.
Building Distribution Layer:
aggregate wiring closets and
use switches to segment
workgroups and isolate network
problems.
Building Access Layer: grant
user access to network devices.
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Chapter #17 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Core Layer
Aggregates distribution layer switches.
Implements scalable protocols and technologies and load
balancing.
High-speed layer 3 switching using 10-Gigabit Ethernet.
Uses redundant L3 links.
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Chapter #18 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Distribution Layer
High availability, fast path recovery, load balancing, QoS, and security
Route summarization and packet manipulation
Redistribution point between routing domains
Packet filtering and policy routing to implement policy-based connectivity
Terminate VLANs
First Hop Redundancy Protocol
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Chapter #19 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Access Layer
High availability supported by many hardware and software features, such
as redundant power supplies and First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRP).
Convergence provides inline Power over Ethernet (PoE) to support IP
telephony and wireless access points.
Security includes port security, DHCP snooping, Dynamic ARP inspection, IP
source guard.
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Chapter #20 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Small Campus Network
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Chapter #21 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Medium Campus Network
200-1000 end devices
Redundant multilayer switches at distribution layer
Catalyst 4500 or 6500 switches
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Chapter #22 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Large Campus Network
>2000 end users
Stricter adherence to core, distribution, access delineation
Catalyst 6500 switches in core and distribution layers
Nexus 7000 switches in data centers
Division of labor amongst network engineers
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Chapter #23 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Data Center Infrastructure
Core layer high-speed packet switching backplane
Aggregation layer service module integration, default gateway
redundancy, security, load balancing, content switching, firewall, SSL
offload, intrusion detection, network analysis
Access layer connects servers to network
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Chapter #24 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
PPDIOO LifecycleApproach to
Network DesignandImplementation
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Chapter #25 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
PPDIOO Phases
Prepare establish organizational requirements.
Plan identify initial network requirements.
Design comprehensive, based on planning outcomes.
Implement build network according to design.
Operate maintain network health.
Optimize proactive management of network.
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Chapter #26 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Lifecycle Approach
Lowering the total cost of
network ownership
Increasing network
availability
Improving business agility
Speeding access to
applications and services
Identifying and validating
technology requirements
Planning for infrastructure
changes and resource
requirements
Developing a sound
network design alignedwith technicalrequirements and businessgoals
Accelerating successfulimplementation
Improving the efficiency ofyour network and of thestaff supporting it
Reducing operatingexpenses by improving theefficiency of operationalprocesses and tools
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Chapter #27 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Lifecycle Approach (1)
Benefits:
Lowering the total cost of network ownership
Increasing network availability
Improving business agility
Speeding access to applications and services
Lower costs: Identify and validate technology requirements
Plan for infrastructure changes and resource requirements
Develop a sound network design aligned with technical requirementsand business goals
Accelerate successful implementation Improve the efficiency of your network and of the staff supporting it
Reduce operating expenses by improving the efficiency of operationalprocesses and tools
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Chapter #28 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Lifecycle Approach (2)
Improve high availability:
Assessing the networks security state and its capability to support the proposed design
Specifying the correct set of hardware and software releases, and keeping them operational and current
Producing a sound operations design and validating network operations
Staging and testing the proposed system before deployment
Improving staff skills
Proactively monitoring the system and assessing availability trends and alerts
Gain business agility:
Establishing business requirements and technology strategies Readying sites to support the system that you want to implement
Integrating technical requirements and business goals into a detailed design and demonstrating
that the network is functioning as specified
Expertly installing, configuring, and integrating system components
Continually enhancing performance
Accelerate access to network applications and services:
Assessing and improving operational preparedness to support current and planned network technologiesand services
Improving service-delivery efficiency and effectiveness by increasing availability, resource capacity, andperformance
Improving the availability, reliability, and stability of the network and the applications running on it
Managing and resolving problems affecting your system and keeping software applications current
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Chapter #29 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Planning a Network Implementation
Implementation Components:
Description of the step
Reference to design documents
Detailed implementation guidelines
Detailed roll-back guidelines in case of failure
Estimated time needed for implementation
Summary Implementation Plan overview of
implementation plan
Detailed Implementation Plan describes exact steps
necessary to complete the implementation phase, includingsteps to verify and check the work of the network engineers
implementing the plan
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Chapter #30 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Chapter 1 Summary
Evolutionary changes are occurring within the campus
network. Evolution requires careful planning and deployments based
on hierarchical designs.
As the network evolves, new capabilities are added, usually
driven by application data flows. Implementing the increasingly complex set of business-
driven capabilities and services in the campus architectureis challenging if done in a piecemeal fashion.
Any successful architecture must be based on a foundationof solid design theory and principles. The adoption of anintegrated approach based on solid systems designprinciples is a key to success.
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Chapter #31 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Lab 1-1 Clearing a Switch
Lab 1-2 Clearing a Switch Connected to a Larger Network
Chapter 1 Labs
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Chapter #32 2007 2010, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Resources
www.cisco.com/en/US/products
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