SVE Sparge

2650 East 40th Avenue • Denver, Colorado 80205 • www.geotechenv.com

GROUND WATER SAMPLING • WATER LEVEL & PRESSURE • WATER SAMPLE FILTRATION • GROUND WATER REMEDIATION • GEOPHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS

www.geotechenv.com

…a world leader in environmental technology, manufacturing and product training since 1978.

Geotech Corporate Headquarters

Denver, Colorado USA



Florida

Texas

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North Carolina

In addition to corporate headquarters and its European office in Barcelona, Spain, Geotech operates 5 service centers in the United States.



an environmental industry products leader since 1978

partners with federal, state, local and international government agencies

over 10,000 private sector clients worldwide

provides products and product training to colleges, universitiesand technical schools around the globe





Geotechenvironmental equipment

Remediation Equipment



Environmental Remediation Equipment

• Geotech offers Environmental Remediation Equipment for the 3 main types of contaminants:– Free Phase– Dissolved Phase– Vapor Phase



Vapor Phase TreatmentGeotech Field Days Presentation

• Soil Vapor Extraction Systems• Air Sparge Systems• Carbon Vessels• Thermal & Catalytic Oxidation



What is Soil Vapor Extraction ?Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) extracts contaminants for the subsurface soil in a vapor form. Therefore , SVE systems are designed to remove contaminants that have a tendency to volatilize or evaporate easily such as volatile organic compounds (VOC’s) and some semi-volatile organic compounds ( SVOC’s) beneath the ground surface in the unsaturated zone IE: Vadose zone. By applying a vacuum through a series of underground wells, contaminants are pulled to the surface as vapor or gas.



Soil Vapor ExtractionApplicability

The target contaminants group for in situ SVE are VOC’s and some fuels. The technology is typically applicable only to volatile compounds with a Henry’s law constant greater than 0.01 or a vapor pressure greater than 0.5 mm Hg ( 0.02 inches Hg) Other factors, such as moisture content, organic content, and air permeability of the soil, will affect the SVE’s effectiveness. In situ SVE will not remove heavy oils, metals, PCB’s, or dioxins.

Because the process involves a continuous flow of air through the soil, however, it often promotes the in situ biodegradation of low- volatility organic compounds that may be present.



Soil Vapor ExtractionLimitations

Factors that may limit the applicability and effectiveness of the process include:• Soil that has high percentage of fines and a high degree

of saturation will require higher vacuums ( $$$$$) and / or hinder on the system the operation

• Large screen intervals are required in extraction wells with highly variable permeability's or stratification, which otherwise may result in uneven delivery of gas flow from contaminated regions.



Soil Vapor ExtractionLimitations (continued)

• Soil that has high organic content or is extremely dry has a high sorption capacity for VOC’s, which reduce removal rates.

• SVE is note effective in the saturated zone; however, lowering the water table can expose more of the contaminated zone to the SVE ( LNAPLS)

• Exhaust air from the in situ SVE system may require treatment ($$$$)

• Residual liquids may require treatment or disposal( $$$$)



Soil Vapor ExtractionData Needs

• Depth and areal extent of contamination • Concentration of contaminants• Depth to Water Table• Soil Type and Properties e.g., structure, texture,

permeability, moisture content• Pilot Study: To determine radius of influence, flow

rate, optimal vacuum and contaminant mass removal rates



First Thing -Establish CFMWhat are you measuring?

• CFM is a CFM .. Or is it ?

• SCFM, ACFM, ICFM… What does it mean ?



SCFMDefinition of SCFM– the term SCFM stands for Standard Cubic Feet Per Minute. It is referenced to a pre-specified atmospheric pressure, temperature, and relative humidity.

SCFM is referenced to 14.7 PSIA, 68 degrees F, and 0% relative humidity.

By specifying these parameters, the mass flow of compressed air and gas is clearly defined.



ACFM Definition of ACFM– the term ACFM stands for Actual Cubic Feet Per Minute.

The ACFM is dependent on actual site conditions: PSIA, temperature, relative humidity.

By specifying these parameters, the mass flow of compressed air and gas is defined on actual site conditions.

The larger the difference between site conditions and SCF conditions, the larger the difference between SCF and ACF.



ICFM Definition of ICFM– the term ICFM stands for Inlet Cubic Feet Per Minute.

The ICFM is dependent on the amount of air flow that enter in through the air filter on the equipment

Vacuum blowers / Pressure Blower manufacturer usually rated at SCFM conditions ….. BUT WHEN ARE YOU REALLY AT THOSE CONDITIONS ??

QUESTION: When you are measuring CFM, are you correcting for the location conditions or are you assuming it is SCFM because the meters says it reads in SCFM ?



BAROMETRIC PRESSURE vs. ALTITUDE

FEET PSIA IN HG0 (sea level) 14.70 29.921000 14.16 28.862000 13.66 27.823000 13.16 26.814000 12.68 25.855000 12.22 24.896000 11.77 23.987000 11.33 23.098000 10.91 22.229000 10.50 21.3810000 10.10 20.58



Soil Vapor ExtractionSeveral blower options available depending on flow and vacuum requirements….including Centrifugal Fans, Regenerative, Rotary Lobe IE: Positive Displacement, Rotary Vane, Rotary Claw, Liquid Ring (Dual Phase – Multi-Phase Extraction {MPE} )

CONFIGURATIONS AVAILABLE• Compact skid mounted designs• Trailer Mounted and Enclosures available• Complete systems including knockout drums, effluent pumps,

temperature and vacuum switches, and controls



Soil Vapor Extraction “Rule of Thumb” Blower Sizing Application

Blower CFM INHGGEquipment Flow Range Vacuum Range

Centrifugal Fan 400-1500 1-3 Regenerative 20- 300 2-7Rotary Lobe 50- 1000 5-15Rotary Vane 5- 50 5- 28Rotary Claw 30- 1000 5- 28Liquid Ring20- 1000 15- 28



Centrifugal FanVacuum Application



Regenerative SVE in enclosure



Rotary Lobe Vacuum Application



Rotary VaneVacuum application



Rotary Claw SVE Skid



Liquid Ring SystemVacuum Application for Multi- Phase



What is Air Sparging?

Since SVE cannot remove contaminants in the saturated zone that lies below the water table, Air Sparging technology pushes air into the saturated zone to help flush (bubble) the contaminants up into the unsaturated zone where the SVE extraction wells can remove them.



Air SpargingApplicability & Limitations

For Air Sparging to be successful, the soil in the saturated zone must be loose enough to allow injected air to readily escape up into the unsaturated zone. Sites where coarse grained soil, sand, gravel are good candidates. Tight clays and poor permeable soil only inhibit the effectiveness of this technology. You can spend a lot of money on electricity and accomplish very little when the soil are not conducive for Air Sparging technology.

As with SVE, the added benefit of Air Sparging is that it provides an oxygen source which helps stimulate aerobic biodegradation.



Before you can size an Air Sparge Blower – Do a pilot test

• As with the SVE pilot, you will need to know just how much air flow and PSIG will be required to push the air into the formation.

• Also when incorporating the technology with an SVE system how much is enough ? Too much ?

• Rule of thumb: size the Air Sparge unit air flow at 1/3rd to 1/5th of the SVE system air flow. You will want to be able to capture the vapors and not allow for off-site migration.



Air Sparge BlowersSeveral blower options available depending on flow and pressure requirements

Configurations Available• Compact skid mounted designs• Trailer Mounted and Enclosures available• Complete systems to work in conjunction with an

SVE System



Air Sparge “Rule of Thumb” Blower Sizing Application

Blower CFM PSIG Equipment Flow Range Pressure Range

Regenerative 20- 300 < 4Rotary Lobe 50- 1000 1-15Rotary Vane 5- 50 1- 20Rotary Claw 50- 350 5- 30Rotary Screw 20- 200 +30- 150



Regenerative



Rotary Lobe



Rotary Vane



Rotary Vane(Dual System)



Rotary ClawPressure Application



Rotary Screw



Liquid Phase Carbon Vessels



Carbon Treatment

• Liquid Phase vessels• 100 lb up to 20000 lb vessels available• Reactivated carbon, virgin carbon, coconut

shell media and other types of media available depending on your application

• Low pressure and high pressure units• 50 lb bags for media replacement available



Vapor Phase Carbon Vessels



Carbon Treatment

• Vapor Phase vessels• 100 lb up to 20000 lb vessels available• Reactivated carbon, virgin carbon, coconut

shell media and other types of media available depending on your application

• Low pressure and high pressure units• 50 lb bags for media replacement available



Environmental Control Panel



Geotech Environmental Control Panel • NEMA 4X Enclosure• Bright 16 x 2 character vacuum fluorescent display that shows probe and pump

status, Easily viewed day or night• A four button key pad to change menu and status display• Hand/Off/Auto switches• Base unit capable of controlling up to (8) motors/devices from (24) intrinsically safe

inputs• Expandable to accommodate up to (32) additional outputs and (96) additional inputs• Operates on single phase power, 115V or 230V• Options include: Pre-wired receptacles for probe connections, on/off timers, alarm

lights, hour meters, autodialer and others• Panel can be fully customized to meet specific site requirements



Summary

• Get proper data• Choose right blower for your application• Geotech can help in the discussion • Let’s get coffee



Many companies can provide the

equipmentto keep these industries within

environmentally acceptable standards

… but Geotech provides more than that.



…your partner increating theenvironmentallysafe planetof the future!

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SVE Sparge