Sustainable+airports:+More+than+an+ …€¦ · Sustainable+airports:+More+than+an+ airport?+Sustainable+AirportCi5es+ and+Aerotropolises+7+the+locaon+to+ work,+live+and+play+ Dr.+Mirjam+Wiedemann,+PhD+

Sustainable airports: More than an airport? Sustainable Airport Ci5es and Aerotropolises -‐ the loca5on to

work, live and play Dr. Mirjam Wiedemann, PhD

Managing Director [email protected] www.WiedemannConsultants.com

© WiedemannConsultants Door-‐to-‐Door Mobility Workshop -‐ 20 September 2017

Helping Airports, Ci0es and Regions Thrive!

Reliable, dedicated and experienced German consul0ng.

Outline


I.  A New Business Model for Airports

II.  Airport Ci5es and Aerotropolises: The Airport as Business Loca5on and Mee5ng Facility?

III.  Success Factors of Airport Ci5es and Aerotropolises

Outline





Tradi5onal City Airport


Tradi5onal City Airport


Usually not highly integrated, but has a good connec5on to the city centre via rail/road

Airport is a piece of infrastructure in a regional or na5onal transporta5on system

Airport City


Düsseldorf, Germany

Dublin, Ireland

Hong Kong, China

Airport City


hYp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dhg5RVBidLk

Airport is a whole new part of the city

Airport City can stand as a city itself

Aerotropolis


Aerotropolis


Urban and economic development tool

Regional approach

Airport is the core of the Aerotropolis region

New Business Models for airports – different names


� Airport Metropolis (Airport Metropolis Project) � Airea/aeroScape (Schlaak & Kraffczyk) �  Feeder Airport City (Bhat) � Airport corridor (Schaafsma) � Airport City/Aerotropolis (Kasarda) � Airport urbanism (Hirsch)

Reasons for new business models of airports


�  Airport func5ons, ownership and design has changed in the last decades 1) Uncertain5es in air traffic revenues because of

deregula5on and liberalisa5on (Dennis, 1994, Bowen, 2000, BuYon, 2002, Janic 2008, Freestone, 2009, Costa et al., 2010), airline bankruptcies, economic downturns and unpredictable fuel costs (de Neufville, 2008, Kramer, 2010)

2) Airports have been priva5sed. As private companies,

airports have to be profitable (American Planning Associa5on, 2006, Appold and Kasarda, 2009, Janic, 2008, Freestone, 2009)

Reasons for new business models of airports


�  Airports discovered the non-‐avia5on sector for gaining revenues (Kasarda, 2008, Kasarda, 2009)

�  Historically, huge “empty” areas around airports due to safety reasons and noise issues (Bednarek, 2000)

�  These areas were discovered for real estate developments by the airports (Global Airport Ci5es, 2011)

�  Commercializa5on and priva5sa5on culminate in a new business model: Airport Ci5es and Aerotropolises (Kasarda, 2008, Kasarda, 2009)

Airport Ci5es/Aerotropolises worldwide


� 20 Airport Ci5es opera5onal, e.g. Frankfurt Interna5onal Airport, Vancouver Interna5onal Airport

� 13 Airport Ci5es under development, e.g. Manchester Airport, Abu Dhabi Interna5onal Airport

� 25 Aerotropolises opera5onal, e.g. Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, Kuala Lumpur Interna5onal Airport

� 26 Aerotropolises under development, e.g. Dubai World Central

Outline





Meet me at the Airport “We are moving to the Airport -‐ in this spaceship looking building over

the long-‐distance train sta9on. … So far, we are in a skyscraper in the

city with a great view but nevertheless, it’s s9ll a liBle bit of travelling

from the long-‐distance train sta9on....we have realised that a lot of our

customers who are travelling widely interna9onally, oCen pass

through Frankfurt. And if they are passing through, they usually have

wai9ng 9me either when they arrive or before departure, so that it is

possible to combine that with a mee9ng in our office if we are located

at the airport.” FB8_32


Dubai


Dubai World Central


“A strategic ini9a9ve of the Government of Dubai, Dubai World

Central (DWC) is a master-‐planned aerotropolis propelling the

emirate's economy into the future. Leveraging the emirate's posi9on

as a leading global trade, business and avia9on hub, the

development's eight districts form a compelling economic plaNorm

for businesses to reach greater heights and expand their horizons.”

Source: hBp://www.dwc.ae/






Dubai World Central


Dubai Interna5onal Airport/World Central


� Main carrier: Emirates �  Interna5onal Hub �  Regional Development

�  used as growth pole for the city �  long-‐term planning �  set-‐up as a free trade zone �  greenfield development

Frankfurt






Frankfurt Interna5onal Airport � Main carrier: Luphansa �  Interna5onal Hub �  Regional Development:

�  very close to the city centre �  step-‐by-‐step development �  brownfield development �  compe55on between airport and city centre

Outline





Airport City/Aerotropolis business model


Source: hYp://www.aerotropolis.com/airportCi5es/about-‐the-‐aerotropolis

“Build it and they

will come!?”

How to plan a sustainable Airport City/Aerotropolis?


If the basic condi9ons of the airports at different loca9ons are the

same, then others factors geUng more considered. Ques9ons like

wage level, employee rights, quality of the road system, availability of

qualified employees, loca9on of the compe9tors and existence of a

market are becoming more important.

(Economic Development Agency 6, 2012)

Tenants’ needs


Influence of Airport Ci0es or business parks for loca0on

Frequency Percent

Valid

no 22 66.7

yes 11 33.3

Total 33 100.0

What companies need


Parking Road Public Trans-‐port

Airport Community services Rail Health Leisure Edu-‐

cation Religious facilities

Sum 48 51 56 70 73 80 95 103 107 112 Rank Order 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

N Sum Social Infrastructure 33 490 Physical Infrastructure 33 305

Valid N (listwise) 33

Who will be the tenants?


� Avia5on related companies? � Non-‐avia5on related companies? � Headquarters? �  Regional offices? �  Local firms? �  Interna5onal companies? �  Big companies? �  Small companies? �  Service providers?

Success factors


�  No blueprint: Every development should be different �  Interna5onal Airports worldwide look similar, Airport Ci5es and Aerotropolises should be dis5nc5vely at different loca5ons!

�  Regional coordina5on and coopera5on �  Integrated long-‐term master planning (air traffic, cargo, economic development

agencies, city, etc.) �  Necessary to integrate airport planning, urban planning, economic

development planning and business site planning

�  Customised approach �  Market studies, strategic concept planning, na5onal economic development strategy

�  Find money �  Good projects with documented demand will get funded �  Understand inward investment and companies’ decision of loca5on

Summary


�  New business model can transform the airport, Airport City or whole city into a mee5ng hub

�  Airports look all over the world the same, Airport Ci5es and Aerotropolises have to be different

�  Understanding the needs of future tenants is crucial

�  Understanding economic development is pivotal

�  Build it and they will come does not work

Ques5ons & Discussion


Thank you very much for your aYen5on

Dr. Mirjam Wiedemann, PhD Managing Director

[email protected] www.WiedemannConsultants.com


Documents

Sustainable+airports:+More+than+an+ …€¦ · Sustainable+airports:+More+than+an+ airport?+Sustainable+AirportCi5es+ and+Aerotropolises+7+the+locaon+to+ work,+live+and+play+ Dr.+Mirjam+Wiedemann,+PhD+