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Sustainable Urbanisation:
Experience from Kitakyushu
1
Seiko KUBOInternational Environmental Strategies Division
Environment BureauCity of Kitakyushu, Japan
1
Kitakyushu Tokyo
Shanghai
1,000km
Philippines
Indonesia
Thailand
Viet NamMalaysia
Singapore
4,000km
KoreaChina
Once a polluted industrial zone, Kitakyushu is now a modern industrial city pursuing green growth.
: from Green Growth in Kitakyushu, Japan, OECD Green Growth Studies, 2013, OECD
Population: 1 million Area: 488 km2
Designated City (as same status as Prefecture Government )
Location and Characteristics
2Industries, International Trade, Biodiversity, and Urban Development
From “Grey City” to “Green City”Overcoming Severe Environmental Pollution
“Dokai Bay, Sea of Death” Recovered Blue Skies and Sea, people enjoying the clean environment
Severe Air Pollution Residents enjoying blue sky
Swimming at Dokai Bay
In 1950s & 1960s Present
3
PartnershipResidents’ observation of a private company
Residents
Environmental control &environmental infrastructure
Local Government Private EnterprisesCleaner Productions &
pollution control equipment
Learning how to measure air pollution from a university professor
Local Initiative & PartnershipEnvironmental Technology & Environmental InvestmentEducation & Participation of Residents Environmental Governance
Reference: UNESCAP “Kitakyushu Initiative for a Clean Environment
Driving Force of Sustainable Urbanisation:Partnerships among Local Multi-stakeholders
4
748703 701 698 706 705 706 704 696
609
536 522 506
300350400450500550600650700750800
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
ごみ
量(g
/人
/日
)
Year
家庭ごみの排出量の変化
Reduction of Domestic Waste Generation
Domestic Waste Generation (g/day/capita)
12.1 12.3 13.1 14.6 15.2 15.8 15.0 15.8
18.9
23.1
30.0 30.6 30.4
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Year
Recycling Ratio(%)
Recycling Ratio of Domestic Waste from Households
Other Domestic Waste
Waste Plastic Packaging
Can &Glass Bottle
Waste Plastic PET Bottle
Separation System of Domestic Waste for Resource-circulating started in 2006
Achievement of Least Solid Waste Generation among OECD Cities
Successful waste management : Japan has one of the lowest rates for municipal waste production among OECD countries,
1.03kg per person per day (2008), and Kitakyushu produces less than half that amount, 506g per person per day (2009).(Reference: OECD Green Growth Studies, Green Growth in Kitakyushu, Japan, 2013) 5
Potentials and Resources for Sustainable Urbanisation 1:Citizen Participation and Partnerships
TOTO, Ltd.Water-saving automatic faucet with
a self-power generation
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo MetalsEfficient electromagnetic plate and sheet which
contributes to energy saving
Green Products produced from High Efficient Process
6
YASKAWA Electric CorporationInverter to contribute
energy saving in production process
World’s Most Energy-Efficient
High energy efficiency is a key asset for Kitakyushu’s heavy industry.
Japan’s steel manufacturing ranks as the world’s most energy-efficient steel
industry. Moving the iron and steel manufacturing products from
Kitakyushu or Japan to another country would be likely to create more CO2
emissions for same output. Kitakyushu’s iron and steel industry offers a
range of products with advanced energy performance
Reference: OECD Green Cities Programme Kitakyushu ReportShabondama Soap CO. & Kitakyushu City Fire and
Disaster Management BureauDevelopment of Small Amount Typed Fire Extinguishing Compositions with Less Environmental Load and New
Fire Fighting Strategy
Potentials and Resources for Sustainable Urbanisation 2:Private Companies' Capabilities and Powers
Comprehensive Eco-Industrial Complex, Hibiki Recycling Area
Industrial Plants: 29
Practical Research AreaPractical Research Facilities : 16 Practical Research Projects:56
Outcome of Projects
Environment: Reduction of environmental impact/0.38 million ton CO2,Resource and energy conservation
Economy: Investment: 66 billion yen Private sector: 71.7%, national government: 18.2%,
local government:10.1%Employees: 1,340 people
Visitors: 1million people (as of October 2011)7Source: Environment Bureau, City of Kitakyushu
Potentials and Resources for Sustainable Urbanisation 3: Facilitating Resource Circulation and Eco-Industries
Kitakyushu Eco Town
Realization of optimized energy use per region, through coordination between new and mainstay energy sources and introduction of a control system for both energy supply and demand.
Kitakyushu Smart Community
8
Potentials and Resources for Sustainable Urbanisation 4:Infrastructure
Target:Term: 2010 to 2014 Investment: $ 190 millionCO2 Reduction: 50% Renewable Energy: 10% Smart Houses Photovoltaic
Generation
Smart Data Center
Smart School
Rent-a-cycle Station
Large Scale Battery
Smart Building
Hydrogen Supply Station
副生水素
Natural GasCo-Generation System
Power grid
IT grid
スマートコミュニティセンター
Hydrogen(by-product)
Wind Power:15,000 kw(Theoritical)
Hydrogen Network
Smart CommunityCenter
Fuel cells
Smart Meter
Outcome as of Oct. 2013:・World’s first FS project
on Dynamic Pricing・Peak cut:20%・CO2 reduction
Domestic &OverseasExpansions
KITA’s International Trainees from Developing Countries:146 countries, 7,059 peopleLAC: 30 countries, 1,359 people(as of 31 March 2013)
City-to-City International Environmental CooperationNetwork in Asia
Number of Participants from Overseas to Kitakyushu
9
in 1994
Air Pollution Improvement in Dalian, China
Present 0200400600800
100012001400160018002000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Reduction of Solid Waste in Surabaya, Indonesia
Water Supply Improvementin Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Expansion of Sustainable Urbanisation:International Environmental Cooperation
for Sustainable Development8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
Cumulative Total
Year
International Environmental Cooperation Projectrs
People’s Daily on 17 December 2009:The City of Kitakyushu has rich experiences on environmental
conservation and advanced technologies, and Kitakyushu would be worth the model for Chinese cities.
Mr. Xi Jinping, Vice President of the People‘s Republic of China,visited Kitakyushu on 16 December 2009.
10
Expansion of Sustainable Urbanisation:International Environmental Cooperation
for Sustainable Development
Thank you for your attention.
International Environmental Strategies Division Environment BureauCity of Kitakyushu
11