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8/14/2019 Sustainable Mixed-building Technologies Applied to Buildings
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Sustainable mixed-buildingSustainable mixed-buildingtechnologies applied to buildings:technologies applied to buildings:
some Romanian examplessome Romanian examples
COST Action C25COST Action C25
Sustainability of ConstructionsSustainability of Constructions
Integrated Approach to Life-Time Structural EngineeringIntegrated Approach to Life-Time Structural Engineering
1st WG3 Meeting1st WG3 Meeting
Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 13-14 December 2006Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 13-14 December 2006
D. Dubina, M. Mutiu, V. Ungureanu, L. Fulop
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IntroductionIntroduction
Five examples of sustainable mixedFive examples of sustainable mixed
building technology, which combine steelbuilding technology, which combine steel
and timber in the framing and differentand timber in the framing and differentmaterials for cladding, roofing and flooring,materials for cladding, roofing and flooring,
in order to obtain highly performancein order to obtain highly performance
thermo-energetic properties are presented.thermo-energetic properties are presented.
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BULZESCS FAMILY HOUSEBULZESCS FAMILY HOUSE
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Location:Location: Timisoara/Romania, a medium seismic regionTimisoara/Romania, a medium seismic region..
TheThe main structuremain structure is made of wall stud type, withis made of wall stud type, withcorresponding floor and roof joists of cold-formed lippedcorresponding floor and roof joists of cold-formed lipped
channel steel sections and fastening technology beingchannel steel sections and fastening technology being
based on self-drilling screws. The first floor combine cold-based on self-drilling screws. The first floor combine cold-
formed steel members and timber.formed steel members and timber.
CladdingCladding
: (in/out): (in/out)gypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); Lindab C150/1.5 joists; mineralgypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); Lindab C150/1.5 joists; mineral
wool (150mm); Heratecta wood board (50mm); plastering (20mm)wool (150mm); Heratecta wood board (50mm); plastering (20mm)
RoofingRoofing
: (out/in): (out/in)asphaltic tiles, asphaltic bitumen roofing (3mm); OSB board (20mm); aerationasphaltic tiles, asphaltic bitumen roofing (3mm); OSB board (20mm); aeration
layer (50mm); SOLFLEX aluminum layer; basaltic mineral woollayer (50mm); SOLFLEX aluminum layer; basaltic mineral wool
(40kg/m/200mm); timber rafter (250x50mm/600mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm);(40kg/m/200mm); timber rafter (250x50mm/600mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm);
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
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roofingroofingcladdingcladding
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)
Lindab C150/1.5 joistsLindab C150/1.5 joists
mineral wool (40kg/m/150mm)mineral wool (40kg/m/150mm)
Heratekta wood panel (50mm)Heratekta wood panel (50mm)
plastering (20mm)plastering (20mm)
asphaltic tilesasphaltic tiles
asphaltic bitumen roofing (3mm)asphaltic bitumen roofing (3mm)
OSB board (20mm)OSB board (20mm)
aeration layer (50mm)aeration layer (50mm)
SOLFLEX aluminum layerSOLFLEX aluminum layer
basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm)basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm)
timber rafter (250x50mm/600mm)timber rafter (250x50mm/600mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
K = 0.126[W/m2K]
K = 0.251[W/m2K]
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Foundations
11.48%
Structure
19.88%
Thermal ins.
6.13%
Claddings
15.35%
Carpentry
10.52%
Finishing(materials)
11.49%
Finishing
(workmanship)
9.35%Appliances
9.14%Compartimentri
7%
Cost distribution for the house componentsCost distribution for the house components
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CONSTANTINS FAMILY HOUSECONSTANTINS FAMILY HOUSE
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Location:Location: Ploiesti/Romania, a high seismic regionPloiesti/Romania, a high seismic region..
TheThe main structuremain structure is made of light-gauge steel profiles,is made of light-gauge steel profiles,
sheeted with Oriented Strand Board OSB (cladding), orsheeted with Oriented Strand Board OSB (cladding), or
steel sheeting and OSB (flooring and roofing).steel sheeting and OSB (flooring and roofing).
CladdingCladding: (in/out): (in/out)gypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); OSB board (15mm); Lindabgypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); OSB board (15mm); Lindab
C150/1.5 joists; terwoolin mineral wool (150mm); OSB board (15mm); basalticC150/1.5 joists; terwoolin mineral wool (150mm); OSB board (15mm); basaltic
mineral wool (40kg/m/40mm); mineral plastering BAUMIT (8mm)mineral wool (40kg/m/40mm); mineral plastering BAUMIT (8mm)
RoofingRoofing: (out/in): (out/in)waterproofing membrane reinforced with mineral aggregates (3mm);waterproofing membrane reinforced with mineral aggregates (3mm);waterproofing membrane (3mm); OSB board (20mm); basaltic mineral woolwaterproofing membrane (3mm); OSB board (20mm); basaltic mineral wool
(155kg/m/150mm); Lindab corrugated sheet (LTP 45); Lindab C200/1.5 profiles;(155kg/m/150mm); Lindab corrugated sheet (LTP 45); Lindab C200/1.5 profiles;
vapor barrier 0.5mm; gypsum board (12.5mm)vapor barrier 0.5mm; gypsum board (12.5mm)
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roofingroofingcladdingcladding
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)OSB board (15mm)OSB board (15mm)
Lindab C150/1.5 joistsLindab C150/1.5 joists
terwoolin mineral wool (150mm)terwoolin mineral wool (150mm)
OSB board (15mm)OSB board (15mm)
basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/40mm)basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/40mm)
mineral plastering BAUMIT (8mm)mineral plastering BAUMIT (8mm)
waterproofing membrane reinforced withwaterproofing membrane reinforced with
mineral aggregates (3mm)mineral aggregates (3mm)
waterproofing membrane (3mm)waterproofing membrane (3mm)OSB board (20mm)OSB board (20mm)
basaltic mineral wool (155kg/m/150mm)basaltic mineral wool (155kg/m/150mm)
Lindab corrugated sheet (LTP 45)Lindab corrugated sheet (LTP 45)
Lindab C200/1.5 profilesLindab C200/1.5 profiles
vapor barrier 0.5mmvapor barrier 0.5mm
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
K = 0.252[W/m2K]
K = 0.211[W/m2K]
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1 2
3 3
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CARMENS FAMILY HOUSECARMENS FAMILY HOUSE
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Location:Location: Timisoara/Romania, a medium seismic regionTimisoara/Romania, a medium seismic region..
Modern & traditionalModern & traditional
TheThe main structuremain structure is made of steel profiles. The floor andis made of steel profiles. The floor and
roof structure is made of timber elements.roof structure is made of timber elements.
CladdingCladding: (in/out): (in/out)gypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); mineral wool (40kg/m/50mm);gypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); mineral wool (40kg/m/50mm);
vapor barrier (0.5mm); aeration layer (100mm); mineral wool (40kg/m/100mm);vapor barrier (0.5mm); aeration layer (100mm); mineral wool (40kg/m/100mm);
timber joists (50x200mm/500mm); OSB board (20mm);timber joists (50x200mm/500mm); OSB board (20mm);Heratecta wood boardHeratecta wood board
(75mm); plastering (20mm)(75mm); plastering (20mm)
RoofingRoofing: (out/in): (out/in)tiles of wood, battens (50x50mm); boarding (20mm); SOLFLEX weathertiles of wood, battens (50x50mm); boarding (20mm); SOLFLEX weather
resistive barrier; OSB board (20mm); aeration layer (100mm); vapor barrierresistive barrier; OSB board (20mm); aeration layer (100mm); vapor barrier
(0.5mm); basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm); timber rafter(0.5mm); basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm); timber rafter
(300x50mm/600mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); gypsum board (12.5mm)(300x50mm/600mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); gypsum board (12.5mm)
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roofingroofing claddingcladding
wood tileswood tiles
battens (50x50mm)battens (50x50mm)
boarding (20mm)boarding (20mm)
SOLFLEX weather resistive barrierSOLFLEX weather resistive barrier
OSB board (20mm)OSB board (20mm)aeration layer (100mm)aeration layer (100mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)
basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm)basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm)
timber rafter (300x50mm/600mm)timber rafter (300x50mm/600mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)
mineral wool (40kg/m/50mm)mineral wool (40kg/m/50mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)aeration layer (100mm)aeration layer (100mm)
mineral wool (40kg/m/100mm)mineral wool (40kg/m/100mm)
timber joists (50x200mm/500mm)timber joists (50x200mm/500mm)
OSB board (20mm)OSB board (20mm)
Heratecta wood board (75mm)Heratecta wood board (75mm)
plastering (20mm)plastering (20mm)
K = 0.102[W/m2K]
K = 0.111[W/m2
K]
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BLOCK OF FLATSBLOCK OF FLATS
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Location:Location: Timisoara/Romania, a medium seismic regionTimisoara/Romania, a medium seismic region..
TheThe main structuremain structure is made of steel profiles with lightis made of steel profiles with light
floors.floors.
CladdingCladding: (in/out): (in/out)gypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); basaltic mineral woolgypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); basaltic mineral wool(40kg/m/80mm); gypsum board (10mm); aeration layer (80mm); OSB board(40kg/m/80mm); gypsum board (10mm); aeration layer (80mm); OSB board
(15mm); basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/100mm); C150/1.5600mm joists; Al(15mm); basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/100mm); C150/1.5600mm joists; Al
profiles; MEG plastic boards (8mm)profiles; MEG plastic boards (8mm)
RoofingRoofing: (out/in): (out/in)gravel (50mm); rigid mineral wool (100mm); light concrete (50mm);gravel (50mm); rigid mineral wool (100mm); light concrete (50mm);
corrugated sheet (45mm)corrugated sheet (45mm)
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roofingroofingcladdingcladding
gravel (50mm)gravel (50mm)
rigid mineral wool (100mm)rigid mineral wool (100mm)
light concrete (50mm)light concrete (50mm)
corrugated sheet (45mm)corrugated sheet (45mm)
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)
basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/80mm)basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/80mm)
gypsum board (10mm)gypsum board (10mm)aeration layer (80mm)aeration layer (80mm)
OSB board (15mm)OSB board (15mm)
basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/100mm)basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/100mm)
C150/1.5600mm joistsC150/1.5600mm joists
Al profilesAl profiles
MEG boards (8mm)MEG boards (8mm)
K = 0.067[W/m2K]
K = 0.141[W/m2K]
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RETIM OFFICE BUILDINGRETIM OFFICE BUILDING
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Location:Location: Timisoara/Romania, a medium seismic regionTimisoara/Romania, a medium seismic region..
TheThe main structuremain structure is made of steel profiles with timberis made of steel profiles with timber
roof and floor. Facade: curtain walls.roof and floor. Facade: curtain walls.
CladdingCladding: (in/out): (in/out)
gypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); aeration layer (80mm); timbergypsum board (12.5mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm); aeration layer (80mm); timberjoists (50x150/500mm); mineral wool (40kg/m/150mm); OSB board (20mm);joists (50x150/500mm); mineral wool (40kg/m/150mm); OSB board (20mm);
asphaltic bitumen (5mm); mineral plastering BAUMIT (10mm)asphaltic bitumen (5mm); mineral plastering BAUMIT (10mm)
RoofingRoofing: (out/in): (out/in)waterproofing membrane reinforced with mineral aggregates (3mm);waterproofing membrane reinforced with mineral aggregates (3mm);
waterproofing membrane (3mm); OSB board (20mm); aeration layer (100mm);waterproofing membrane (3mm); OSB board (20mm); aeration layer (100mm);
SOLFLEX aluminum layer; basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm);SOLFLEX aluminum layer; basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm);
timber rafter (300x50mm/600mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm);timber rafter (300x50mm/600mm); vapor barrier (0.5mm);
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
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roofingroofingcladdingcladding
waterproofing membrane reinforced withwaterproofing membrane reinforced with
mineral aggregates (3mm)mineral aggregates (3mm)
waterproofing membrane (3mm)waterproofing membrane (3mm)
OSB board (20mm)OSB board (20mm)aeration layer (100mm)aeration layer (100mm)
SOLFLEX aluminum layerSOLFLEX aluminum layer
basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm)basaltic mineral wool (40kg/m/200mm)
timber rafter (300x50mm/600mm)timber rafter (300x50mm/600mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
gypsum board (12.5mm)gypsum board (12.5mm)
vapor barrier (0.5mm)vapor barrier (0.5mm)
aeration layer (80mm)aeration layer (80mm)
timber joists (50x150/500mm)timber joists (50x150/500mm)
mineral wool (40kg/m/150mm)mineral wool (40kg/m/150mm)
OSB board (20mm)OSB board (20mm)
asphaltic bitumen (5mm)asphaltic bitumen (5mm)
mineral plastering BAUMIT (10mm)mineral plastering BAUMIT (10mm)
K = 0.102[W/m2K]K = 0.169[W/m2K]
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ConclusionsConclusions This is a complete sustainable technology of highThis is a complete sustainable technology of high
performance thermo-energetic materials for claddingperformance thermo-energetic materials for cladding
and finishing;and finishing;
Productive and qualitative technology both forProductive and qualitative technology both for
fabrication and erection;fabrication and erection;
It enables to obtain flexible partitions;It enables to obtain flexible partitions;
Allows for further up-grade, easy modifications and/orAllows for further up-grade, easy modifications and/or
development;development; Good structural performance;Good structural performance;
Good robustness, easy to prevent by design theGood robustness, easy to prevent by design the
progressive collapse.progressive collapse.