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7/28/2019 Sustainable Constrution and Green Building.pdf
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SustainableConstructionandGreenBuildingsin
Malaysia
by Dr. Kamarul Anuar Mohamad Kamar
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LearningObjective
y Thecoreconceptofsustainableconstruction&greenbuildings
y
Casestudy
of
green
buildings
y Policiesonsustainableconstruction&greenbuildings
y Driversandchallengestoeffectiveimplementation
y Implementationin
project
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ClientsBrief
Determine
Project
Quality
Planning
ApprovalRequirements
Site
Analysis
Preliminary
Estimate Preliminary
Design
Budget
Al locat ionCost
Planning
DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT
Schematic
Design
Detail
Cost
Estimate
Detail
Design
Author it ies
Approvals
Final
Cost
Estimate
Tender
Documentation
Project
Tendering
Tender Analysis
& Project Award
TENDER
ContractAdministration
Cost Control
ProgressReport
Time
Cost
Quality
Health &Safety
Environment
FEASIBILITY
CONSTRUCTION
HANDINGOVER
TenderingConstruction
Close Out
Inception Design
Development
Testing &
Commissioning
Defects Liability
Period Management
Final Account
Copyright Fadzil CPIM UiTM2011
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Energy Overview on Building: In Malaysia, almost50% of total electricity generated consumed byresidential and commercial sector.
According to MGTC, the commercial building consumed one-third of allelectricity in ASEAN region and will account for more that 40% of the
demand for additional generating capacity in near future.
In a conventional building, 60-70% electricity consumed by lighting and
Air-Conditioning & Mechanical Ventilation (ACMV) and the rest remainingare plug loads, food preservation/preparation and equipment.
Potential4050% reductionofenergyconsumptionofnewbuildings
1525%
reductionofenergyconsumptionofexistingbuildings
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What is sustainability and why is it important?
The United Nations Brundtland Commission Report (1987) defined
sustainable development and urged the world to take note: Sustainable development is that which meets the needs of thepresent without compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their own needs. A growing global population is straining the
finite resources available on the planet. Sustainability seeks to balancethe economic, social, and environmental impacts, recognizing thatpopulation growth will continue. Sustainable development brings thisevaluation to the design and construction industries, which have
significant potential to reduce the negative impact of human activitieson the environment.
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HistoryofSustainability?
y Energyefficiencygainedimportanceduringthe1970soilcrisis
y Recyclingeffortsinthe1970sbecamecommonplaceandcametotheattentionofthebuildingindustry
y 1980sthesickbuildingsyndrome emerged
y Projectsinwaterscarceareasbegantofocusonwaterconservation
y Earlygreen
designs
y 1990sintegrationofallfactorswouldresultinahighperformance building
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DimensionsofSustainabilityEconomic
Vs.
Social
Vs.
Ecological
Developments
Balanced
Sustainability
Puristic
Green
Conservationism
Social
Economic
Development
Imperative:
Beaware ofthecapability for
recovery
Keep resources andecological systems
Reduce waste
Imperative:
achieve humanneeds
spread wealth
Increase local
autarchy
Assure securityandliability
Imperative: Grow econimcally
Stay profitable
Expand markets
Unfold costs
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EconomicSocial
Sustainability
Environmental
Energy
Water
Food Transportation
Community
Decision
Making
LandResearch
Material Resources
& Waste Disposal
The Built Environment
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What is Green Technology
Green
Technology &Opportunities
Energy &Technology
Solar powerWind power
Energy Storage &Transportation
BuildingDesignConstructionBuilding Materials
Public Sector &Utilities
PlanningEnergyWater
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Benefitsof
going
green
y Tacklingclimatechange
y Leavebetterenvironmentforthefuture
y Improvequalityoflife
y Savingnatural
resources
y Costsavings(Incl.lifecyclecostsandopportunitycosts)
y Beingmore
energy
efficient
y Reducingmaterialwaste
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NMB Bank Headquarters,Amsterdam
Sloping wallsdeflect noise from busyroad redirect winds toprevent ground-levelturbulencemade from brick(natural material)
wind
noise
Building heightkept to aminimum to
prevent
outdoor areas
from being
over-shadowed
sunny outdoorspaces close to thebuildings
Glass Roofsallow sunlight and warmth deep into thebuilding (reduce need for artificial lighting
and heating)allow plants to grow within the building(creates appealing and healthy interior)
naturallight toall
levels
Vegetationaround building
helps to keepair cleanerprovide bufferto the wind createspleasant outdoorareas for workers
Energy system heating is via gas,rather than from acoal-fired plant
(creates less
pollution) no air-conditioning in
build ing is neededbecause of
ventilation and gas
heating (therefore
much less electrici ty
used)
Images: Green Design, DorothyMackenzie, (1991), London:Laurence King Publishing
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NMB Bank Headquarters,Amsterdam
Images: Green Design, Dorothy Mackenzie,(1991), London: Laurence King Publishing
Materials
include naturalmaterials such astimber, marble andcopper create a warm andpleasing environment(social benefits)are locallyproduced, thereforereduce transportationpollution andresources
Staircasesdesigned to be appealing, inorder to: reduce reliance on lifts(reduces electricityconsumption) allow for interaction betweenco-workers (social benefits) create an architecturalfeature
Hello!!
natural breezes
nat
urall
igh
ting
Windowsallow natural sunlightinto the building (lesselectricity used for lighting) can be opened to allowcross-ventilation(building has no air-conditioning, and usesmuch less electricity)
Rainwater is collected from the roof(reduces mains waterconsumption)used for water featuresand to water plants inside thebuilding (creates a cool,healthy and pleasing
environment)waterfall
water collected
from roofs
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MCIEA 2010MCIEA 2010 INNOVATION AWARD WINNERINNOVATION AWARD WINNER
THE DIAMOND BUILDING, SURUHANJAYA TENAGA MALAYSIATHE DIAMOND BUILDING, SURUHANJAYA TENAGA MALAYSIA
Putra Perdana Sdn. Bhd.
DAY LIGHT HARVESTING
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Typical Cross Section
Mirrorlightshelf
Fixedblinds for
glarecontrol
Daylightreflected
ontoceiling
Light Shelvesare fitted on glazing to eliminate glare from direct sun
penetration and diffuse sky radiation.
DAY-LIGHT HARVESTING Innovation
DAY LIGHT HARVESTING
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DAY-LIGHT HARVESTING
Tannenbaum reflector panels are placed on the 4th and the 5th floorof the atrium walls to reflect light down to the opposite side for floors 1and 2. Roof Light provides Daylight at 7th Floor Seating Area
Innovation
BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTO-VOLTAIC
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BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTO-VOLTAIC
Seamless Integration of Photovoltaics (PV)with metal roof
Innovation
SUSTAINABILITY bl
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Environmental Friendly Materials
Recycledplasterboard(GreenLabel)
Low VOCpaint(Green Label)
Recycledcontent
carpet(Green Label)
SUSTAINABILITY SustainableEnvironment
SUSTAINABILITY S i bl E i
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Greenery
- Minimize impact on microclimate and human wildlife habitat
Grass-crete pavement
SUSTAINABILITY
Concrete roof Grass roof
SustainableEnvironment
SUSTAINABILITY S t i bl E i t
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View of Board Room
Greywater Recycling
Greywater
from washbasins andfloor traps
Mini-wetlands
Mini-wetlands (top & side view)
SUSTAINABILITY SustainableEnvironment
BUILDING ENERGY INDEX 85kWh/m2/year Benefits
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0%
10%
20%30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450Energy Efficiency Index (kWh/m2/year)
Cum
ulativepercen
til
Malaysia(41 officebuildings)
Singapore(95 officebuildings)
46% reduction inenergyconsumption
35% reduction inwaterconsumption
Source of chart: EAEF Project 64
Project leader: Energy Sustainabilty Unit, Singapore,
2006
BUILDING ENERGY INDEX 85kWh/m2/year Benefits
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Grossfloorarea:4000mEnergyIndex:35kWh/m/year(excludingPV)EEfeatures: Daylightingalmost100% EElightingandtasklights EEofficeequipments EEserverroom Floorslabcooling EEventilation Controlsandsensors Doubleglazingandinsulation
Hi h R fl ti it
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HighReflectivity
y Whiteorlightcoloredprecastconcrete
reducesheat
in
urban
areas
y Thisreducesthe
amountof
electricity
forA/C,whichreducessmogand improves
urbanair
quality.
Ni ht d D
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NightandDay
y Lightingaccountsfor25%ofannualelectricityusage
whencombined
with
reflective(white)precastconcrete,efficiencyisenhanced
y Lightingenhances
security,reducingcrime.
Building Reuse
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g
y Precastconcrete
members
are
uniqueinthattheycanbedisassembled.Precastconcretewallscanbeusedforbuildingexpansion
or
fire
walls.
y Crushedconcretecanbeusedasaggregateor canbeusedas
base
material
for
roads,
sidewalks
orslabs.
Re usable forms
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Reusableformsy
Steel
forms
are
used
to
caststructuralprecastproducts.Theseformshavealonglifespan
providingthousands
of
reuses.
y Specialtyshapedforms
arestored
for
future
use.
C ll d E i
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Exact
BatchingTechnologies= little waste
at plant
Controlled Environment
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Qualified
and
trained
personnel
minimizewasteeveryday
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RecycledMaterials
y Useofflyash,slagorsilicafumeiscommonplaceassubstitute
for
cement
y Reinforcementandconnectionhardwarearemadefromrecycledsteel
y Substitutionaggregates
Wall Assembly
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y
Performancey Energytransferisminimizedby wall
design:y Addinsulation
y Addmass
y Minimizethermalbridging
y Minimizeinfiltration&exfiltration
y ControlmoistureHeat EnergyHeat Energy
Warm
AirCool
Air
Sustainable Precast Job
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SustainablePrecastJob
Sites
Use of modular systemsminimizes construction
waste
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The importance of Sustainable Development andGreen Technology are highlighted by our YAB
Prime Minister during the opening speech of
IGEM 2010 as:
1. Green Technology to become new engine of growth for
Malaysia2. Reduce global green house gas emission by 30% in
2020
3. Increased investments in green technology will alsomake available a wider scope of eco-products and
services
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InBudget2010(Tabledon24th October2009) Govt.allocatedRM20billiontointensifygreenandsustainabilityawareness.
CreationoftheEnergy,GreenTechnologyandWaterMinistrybyTheMalaysianGovt.
LaunchoftheGreenBuildingIndex(GBI) withits6criteria(Energyefficiency;indoorenvironmentalquality;sustainablesite
planningand
management;
materials
and
resources;
water
efficiency;andinnovation)
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Ministry of NaturalResources and Energy(NRE)
Ministry of NaturalResources and Energy(NRE) / KeTTHA andother related ministries
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CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY MASTERPLAN 2006-2015
Strategic
Thrust 1
Strategic
Thrust 2
Strategic
Thrust 3
Strategic
Thrust 4
Strategic
Thrust 5
Strategic
Thrust 6
Strategic
Thrust 7
Integrate theconstructionindustry valuechain to
enhanceproductivityand efficiency
Strengthentheconstructionindustry
image
Strive for thehighest standardof quality,occupational
safety andhealth andenvironmentalpractices
Develop humanresourcecapabilities andcapacities in
constructionindustry
Innovatethroughresearch anddevelopment
and adopt newconstructionmethods
Leverage oninformation andcommunicationtechnology in
the constructionindustry
Benefit fromglobalizationincluding theexport of
constructionproducts andservices
Consolidate theindustry
Standardise and
integrate
administrative
practices and
procedures.
Enhance the
professionalism ofthe construction
industry.
Enhance the
procure-to-pay
(P2P) strategy.
Raise the
sophistication level
of the construction
community
Foster a quality
and
environmental-friendly culture
Enhance
occupational
safety and
health.
Continuously innovate
construction
processesand techniques.
Nurture the
desire to work in
the construction
industryamongst the
local
workforce
(building
capacity).
Encourage
knowledgesharing for
continuous
improvement.
Stimulate R&D
activities through
resource-pooling
initiative amongst keyplayers and provision
of R&D infrastructure.
Promote and
enforce the use
of skilled labour(building
capability).
Adopt MS in the
manufacture or
import of
construction
building
materials.
Develop local
constructionsoftware
industry.
Develop
complimentary
industries
Enhance industrys
access to financing
Market the CI in a
focused, global
manner
Ensure industry
sustainability in theliberalised
environment.
CSF:
Productivity
CSF:
ProfessionalismCSF:
Quality,Environment
practices
CSF:
Human
Resources
CSF:
Knowledge,
Innovation
CSF:
Knowledge,
Innovation
CSF:
IndustrySustainability
Enabling
Recommendations
Review and
amend the tax,legal and
regulatory
framework
Redefine thestructure and role
of CIDB
ReinforceBumiputera
entrepreneurscapabilities and
equitable share in
the CI value chain
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Special Task Group
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SpecialTaskGroup
Recommendationsy Strengtheningthedevelopmentapprovalprocess
y Enhancinglaw
and
enforcement
y Promotingselfregulation,reflectingthebestregulatorypracticeswhichisnecessarytoachievesustainable
construction
in
future
y Increasingcapacityandpublicawarenessand
addressing
knowledge
gap
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GBI (Malaysian Green Building Index)
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y DevelopedbyAssociationofConsultingEngineersMalaysia(ACEM)andPertubuhanArkitekMalaysia
(PAM)to
promote
sustainability
in
Built
Environment
y Six(6)keycriteriaincludingenergyefficiency,indoor
environmentquality,
sustainable
site
planning,
material
andresources,waterefficiencyandinnovation
( y g )
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GreenRating
System
y GBI Green
Building
Rating
System
(max)
y GASSIC StandardBasedGreenRatingSystem(min) ongoing
y Tocompliment
each
others
y Differenttargetmarket
y GBI completedbuildings
y GASSIC whole
life
cycle
of
buildings
y GBI Privatesectordriven
y
GASSIC
Public
sector
driven
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Source; Workshop on GT Roadmap Phase 1, Green Tech Malaysiaand Frost & Sullivan (2010)
ChallengesofSustainableConstruction
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gy The
first
one
is
the
circleofblame amongtheprojectparticipants.Serviceprovidersnamelythecontractorsandconsultants;saidclientsdonotaskforsustainability
(Baldock,2000).Thedesignteampersistsintheoldwaysandis reluctanttomakethefirstmovetonewterritory.Clients,ontheotherhand,areafraidthatthebuildingwillcostmoreandtakealongertime(Bordass,2000).Theyalsoexpecttheserviceproviderstotaketheleadinimprovingtheirservices(Business Vantage,2002).
y Sustainabilityistreatedasadiscreteproblemwithanisolated solution,whichcreatesdifficultiesinblendingitintotheconstructionprocess(Griffith,1996;Barrettetal.,1998).Introductionofsustainabilityissuesatlaterthanthedesignstagecauseschangesinplanordesign,whichwouldincurmorecoststhansavings(Connaughton&Green,1996;Norton&McElligott,1995)
y Ofori(1998)statedthatconstructionfaceddifficultiesinprovidingguidanceforgoodenvironmental practiceinconstruction.Properguidanceneedstobeformedtoresolvethismatter.
y Changeresistance isviewedasinvolvingchangeinindividualvalues,whetheratpersonal,
corporate,
or
collective
level.
Although
the
values
are
generally
at
the
right
place,theproblemistoenactthem.
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9GovernmentRegulations
9InternationalLaws
and
obligations
by
Nations
9Incentives9InternalStrategicPolicies
9HighCostofEnergy(Costsavingsthroughreduction
in
energy
cost
&
waste
minimisation)
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9Increased
Internal
Awareness9IncreasedProfitability(Marketpositioning)
9
Promotion
of
corporate
image
and
corporate
socialresponsibilities(CSR)
9Pressurefromcustomers/Clients
9Pressuresfrom
suppliers
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Source: VTT Finland
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Conclusionand
Recommendations
y Tofurtherincorporateandappliesinnovationin
constructionin
the
form
of
offsite
construction
to
moveonsiteworktoacontrolledenvironmentofmanufacturingfloor.
y Theintroductionandadoptionofwholelifecyclecostingandgreenprocurement
y Integratedandeffectivecooperationandcoordination
among
government
and
other
sector
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Conclusionand
Recommendations
y Environmentalconsiderationswillbeintegratedinto
allstages
of
development,
programme
planning
and
implementationandallaspectsofpolicymaking
y Asystem
for
formulation
of
grading
and
certification
mechanismsforcompetentpersonnelingreentechnology
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Holistic of Green Way in Construction
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Source: Green Business Strategy, Harvard Business Review
Holistic of Green Way in Construction
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THANK YOU
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FORFURTHERINFORMATION:
CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA
MAKMAL KERJ A RAYA MALAYSIA
PUSAT IBS, BLOK E, TINGKAT 1
J ALAN CHAN SOW LIN
55200 KUALA LUMPUR
MALAYSIA
60-3-9281 0800
60-3-9282 4800
http://www.cream.com.my
Make CREAM your partner in R&D