Sustainable building organisations comparison

7/27/2019 Sustainable building organisations comparison

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Troy Merkley

6042 third line rd.

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

K0A 2T0

Alanna, Box

1385 Woodroffe Avenue

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

K2G 1V8

Dear Alanna,

Attached is my report on a comparison between sustainable building organisations, to guide in choosing

and implementing sustainability in to a building.

As the green movement grows so does controversy and biased opinions on how to build sustainable. I

feel that this creates a lot of confusion and wasted time for someone trying to find reliable resources

that contain easy to implement practices. I was interested in doing a comparison on what I consider to

be the 3 big sustainable resources – LEED, Energy Star, and R-2000. This is not intended for learning

about sustainability only for the implementation of sustainable practices.

Three large are compared sustainable building programs of north America- LEED, Energy Star, and R-

2000. Are reviewed and analyzed on- the range of usability, scope of program, and the implementation

process. This provides a resource to- developers, building teams and the public. This resource will-

introduced various building programs, aid in the choice in the most fitting program for specific building,

and can be used as reference during construction.

Only the 3 official websites for LEED, Energy Star, and R-2000 where used to complete this report

I have learned the best locations for each sustainable building program and how to properly apply them

to the construction of various building types

For a greater understanding feel free to contact me by my personal Email, [email protected]

Troy A Merkley

mailto:[email protected]






Sustainable building organisations comparison

By: Troy Merkley

Submitted to Alanna box,

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for ENL1819T

Algonquin College,

Program

April 7th 2013



iii

Summary

Three large are compared sustainable building programs of north America- LEED, Energy Star,

and R-2000. Are reviewed and analyzed on- the range of usability, scope of program, and the

implementation process. This provides a resource to- developer’s, building teams and the

public. This resource will- introduced various building programs, aid in the choice in the most

fitting program for specific building, and can be used as reference during construction.

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is a global organisation run by the

USGBC (U.S. green building council) that can certify a building to prove it has high

environmental standards. 9 LEED building categories are described along with rating system

main credit categories. Certified LEED buildings are rated out of a possible 110points. 7

Minimum program requirements are described. The roles are explained of Hired LEED

accredited professionals such as a LEED Homes Green Rater

ENERGY STAR is a joint program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S.

Department of Energy. ENERGY STAR rates and certifies both products and Buildings. Currently

200,000 buildings across the USA are ENERGY STAR certified. Energy STAR uses a Checklist

system filled out by- an ENERGY STAR rater, an Contractor, and a Builder. Energy stars focus is

primarily on efficiency performance but also includes quality control with 4 checklists to ensure

lasting performance. Both of homes and commercial building ENERGY STAR rating systems are

included

R-2000 is Collaboration between the Canadian Home Builders’ Association (CHBA) and the

Office of Energy Efficiency (OEE) of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). Types of houses eligible

to be certified are listed. 5 sections of rating criteria is explained. Information on how a Pick list

allows an owner to decide which Indoor air quality and Environmental features they wish to

incorporate into the building. Presented is the process an R-2000 builder guiding an owner

through the full process of construction from design to testing.



iv

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

Figure Page

1. Why leed ......................................................................................................... 8

2. Site slection example ..................................................................................... 10

3. Leed Credits ..................................................................................................... 10

4. Energy Star Guide Example ............................................................................. 10

Table Page

I. LEED costs ........................................................................................................ 12



v

Glossary

LEED Credits - list of possible things to implement into a building

LEED Point - Points are awarded for completed credits. More points relates to a higher level

of certification

degree days- total temperature added up for an entoior year

air changes- used to calculate the time needed for a vent to replace all of the air in a building.

Rehabilitation the full renovation of an entire building, that includes the building systems

Lavatory -



vi

Table of contents

List of Figures and Tables .................................................................................................. iv

Glossary ............................................................................................................................. v

Section

1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 7

2 Leed...................................................................................................................................................... 8

2.1 LEED certification .......................................................................................................................... 8

2.1.1 9 rating systems .................................................................................................................... 8

2.1.2 Alternative Compliance Paths (ACPs) ................................................................................. 10

2.1.3 Points .................................................................................................................................. 102.1.4 Minimum program requirements (MPR) ............................................................................ 11

2.2 Certification processs............................................................................................................. 11

2.2.1 Guidance ............................................................................................................................. 12

2.2.2 Homes certification ............................................................................................................. 12

3 Energy star ....................................................................................................................................... 13

3.1 Energy star check lists............................................................................................................ 13

3.1.1 Home v3 ............................................................................................................................ 13

3.2 Energy star Process ................................................................................................................ 15

3.3 R-2000 building standard ..................................................................................................... 16

3.4 R-2000 Process ........................................................................................................................ 17

4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................... 18

5 Recommendations .............................................................................................................................. 19

6 References .......................................................................................................................................... 20

7 Appendix ............................................................................................................................................. 20



7

1 IntroductionThree large sustainable building programs of north America ’: LEED, Energy Star, and R-2000. Are

reviewed and analyzed on: the range of usability, scope of program, and the implementation process. To

provide a resource to developer’s, building teams and the public this resource will- introduced various

building programs, aid in the choice in the most fitting program for specific building, and can be used as

a reference when in construction.When building a sustainable building the design team must first establish - sustainable objective, guide

or implement an organisations sustainable building program. LEED is one of the most well-known

programs but LEED’s program is used only a fraction of the time when compared to older programs. All

workers being properly informed in the construction industry is not only valuable but can be very cost

effective. Green building is a combination of material, implementation, and correct use. This has created

a massive problem within this industry. Everyone involved form the owner to workers and even the

users need to understand how their role relates to the construction and use of a sustainable building.

This will ensure that the objective is met and the building will perform as intended.

Self-motivation for this report is for a broader professional and personal understanding of the majorsustainable building programs. As the green movement grows so does controversy and biased opinions

on how to build sustainable. I this creates a lot of confusion and wasted time for someone trying to find

reliable resources that contain easy to implement practices that will improve their building. I consider

the 3 big sustainable resources – LEED, Energy Star, and R-2000. This is not intended for learning about

sustainability only for the education of implementation of sustainable practices.

Each of the 3 programs includes - introduction that provides an understanding of the program, what the

program includes, and the process of implementation. The programs are compared against the range of

usability, scope of program, and the implementation process.

This report will be an interest to the construction field and the general public. All workers in the

construction industry will benefit from this report, pacifically higher management. Everyone will gain an

understanding of the 3 large sustainable building programs- how they relate to the building, how the

program works during construction and design, and what is needed and included to build to build to a

particular standard.

This report does not focus on any specific building. Programs are only compared on what they achieve

or focus on. My recommendation is for a general industry standard. The problems and benefits of each

organisation are left to the reader to opinion

Not all sustainable building programs could be included. Only 5 well developed and mature sustainablebuilding programs where selected out of the vast number of programs, standards and concepts.

Only information form the specific Organisations Website was included. This was to limit bias, opinions

and distorted views/facts.



8

2 Leed

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is an global organisation run by the USGBC (U.S.

green building council) that can certify a building to prove it has high environmental standards. LEED

uses a list of credits that most homes or commercial buildings can a can be designed to. A LEED certified

professional will conduct a survey to award Credits for both the plans and the finished building if aspectof the building meets the criteria. Different set of credits are available depending of the class of building.

There are 9 classes of buildings – new construction, existing buildings, commercial, core and shell, retail,

schools, homes, neighborhoods, and healthcare buildings. Credits can be worth different amount of

points. There is a possible 110 points with minimum of 45 points to become LEED certified. 7 Categories’

of credits listed most to least possible points- Energy and atmosphere, sustainable sites, indoor

environment, materials and resources, water efficiency, innovation, and regional priority. LEED

buildings are designed to be more environmentally friendly by reducing impacts globally, locally, and

internally.1 Figure 1

Figure 1

Why LEED

List Reasons for why LEED is effective for any building

USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed

2.1 LEED certification

2.1.1 9 rating systems

LEED has 9 rating systems that each focus on a different type of building with different uses, this

creates flexibility so that all types of buildings have a fair chance a obtaining a LEED certification

and to better focus on the specific problems and areas for improvement of each building. 9

building categories New construction and Major Renovations, existing buildings, core & shell,

commercial interiors, retail, homes, neighborhoods, schools, and healthcare.



9

Downloadable hundred page pdf documents for each of the 9 rating systems. Appendix 1 2

New construction and Major Renovations

“LEED for New Construction addresses design and construction activities for both new buildings

and major renovations of existing buildings, which includes major HVAC improvements,significant envelope modifications, and major interior rehabilitation.” 3

Existing Buildings

The rating system encourages owners and operators of existing buildings to implement

sustainable practices and reduce the environmental impacts of their buildings, while addressing

the major aspects of ongoing building operations:4

o exterior building site maintenance programs

o water and energy use

o environmentally preferred products and practices for cleaning and alterations

o sustainable purchasing policies

o waste stream management

o ongoing indoor environmental quality

Core and shell

LEED Core and shell are buildings that will be leased/ rented by a tenant that will modify the interior

space such as a office building. Only mechanical, electrical, plumbing and fire protection systems will be

certified. This is intended to allow a developer to build to LEED standards without forcing the tenant to

do the same or the building could not pass certification. This is designed to work in tandem with

commercial interiors5

Commercial interiorsLEED for Commercial interiors gives tenants that lease space in a building the freedom to design their

internal space to LEED standards when they have no control over existing structure or mechanical

systems. Example of this situation is tenants in office buildings, tenants are only allowed to modify

interior finishes. This is designed to work in tandem with core and shell.6

Homes

LEED for homes is designed to- reduce environmental impact, energy use, improve indoor environment

by minimizing toxins in building materials and reduce the operational cost of the home.7

Neighborhood Development

neighborhood planning can limit the need for automobiles and create pedestrian-friendly streets by

encourage walking, bicycling and public transportation.8



10

Schools

“The LEED for Schools rating system was developed to address the design and construction of K-

12 schools. Based on LEED for New Construction, it focuses on classroom acoustics, master

planning, mold prevention, environmental site assessment” 9

2.1.2 Alternative Compliance Paths (ACPs)

“Alternative Compliance Paths credits provide additional options or approaches that address

unique circumstances and accommodate advancements in science and technology. ACPs allow

LEED to be more flexible and applicable to a wider range of projects. ACPs can be applied at the

discretion of the project team, based on applicability; they are not mandatory for any project. “10

2.1.3 Points

Rating systems are broke up in to 5 main credit categories- Sustainable sites, Water efficiency,

Energy & atmosphere, Materials & resources, and Indoor environmental quality. There are 2 bonus

categories Innovation in design/operations credits, and Regional priority credits. Also there are

Figure 2

Leed Credits

Demonstrated the online credit tool’s format

and information

(USGBC)http://new.usgbc.org/node/1731738?return=/c

redits/new-construction/v2009[Accessed 3

April 2013]

Figure 3

Site selection example

Demonstratse the provided information provide on

a credit- discrption, requirments and points.

(USGBC)

http://new.usgbc.org/node/1731738?return=/cred

its/new-construction/v2009[Accessed 3 April 2013]



11

additional categories for Neighborhood Development, and Homes.11 http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-

systems

Figure 3 each of the credits list- how many points its worth, what the credit is intended to do,

and requirement that are needed to be awarded that credit. Shown in figure 2 a list of all possible

credits for each of the construction types and in each of the 5 main categories can be reviewed on the

LEED website12

appendix 2

Categories are made up of credits that each have a different intent to improve the building. Most

credits are worth 1 point but can range up to 24points(EAc1 Optimize energy performance). Credits that

have a large impact on energy efficiency, and reduction in carbon dioxide emissions carry the most

points. The amount of points that are obtained are used to determine what level of LEED was achieved-

certified40-49, silver50-59, Gold 60-79, platinum 80+out of a possible 110points. To qualify for

certification All Buildings must meet minimum program requirements (MPR) and all prerequisite credits.

Both MPR’s and prerequisite credits are not worth points.

2.1.4 Minimum program requirements (MPR)

There are 7 Minimum program requirements- comply with environmental laws, be a complete

and permanent building or space, use a reasonable site boundary, comply with minimum floor

area requirements, comply with minimum occupancy rates, commit to sharing whole-building

energy and water usage data, comply with a minimum building area to site area ratio.13Explanation of each credit can be found at appendix 3

2.2 Certification processs

When LEED is chosen for a building the owner must First higher a team of LEED accredited

professionals. This team will- aid in design, and manage the LEED approval process on top of

their regular management.14

Higher LEED accredited professionals before major design of the building begins. An green rater, an

architect and 1 employee on the construction management team must be a LEED GREEN ASSOCIATE 15 Determine which rating system you will use and prepare your certification application. Applications

differ depending on your building type and the LEED credits.

Register your project. The registration fee for a project is $900 for USGBC members and $1200 for non-members.

Submit your certification application and pay a certification review fee. Fees differ with building type

and square footage.

Await the application review.

http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems








12

Receive the certification decision, which can be accept or appeal to increase the building score. An

affirmative decision signifies that your building is now LEED certified and the building will receive an

certificate and plaque to be mouthed at the main door of the building.

2.2.1 Guidance

To aid in the selection of the appropriate rating system LEED has a 3 step guide to narrow down

witch rating system your building fall under; construction type, space usage, and percentage of building area. Not all buildings will have an obvious rating system. There is a 40/60 floor area rule

to decide the building category if 2 buildings are attached but some buildings may be excluded

from all rating systems because of some Exceptions.16 3 step guide and Exceptions can be found

on appendix 4

2.2.2 Homes certification

Before registering your project, your project manager will select a “LEED for Homes Green Rater”. Your

green rater will first make a preliminary rating of the early design and ensure the project team

understands what is needed to become certified. The project team can start design and build your

project after you register. During construction your green rater will work with your team ensuringeverything need for certification is properly documented. You will apply for certification when the

project is complete. Table

USGBC, "Leed," [Online]. Available:

http://new.usgbc.org/leed. [Accessed 3 April 2013].

Table 1

LEED Costs



13

3 Energy star

ENERGY STAR is a joint program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department

of Energy. ENERGY STAR rates and certifies both products and Buildings. As of January 1, 2012 17 The new

ENERGY STAR Version 3 of building certification has come into effect for all types of construction- new

homes, Full renovations, buildings and plants.18 Currently 200,000 buildings across the USA are ENERGYSTAR certified

Energy STAR uses a Checklist filled out by- an ENERGY STAR rater, an Contractor, and a Builder to

Determine if a building is Certified. Additionally performance of each of the building’s systems will be

tested to determine the energy efficiency value.

Energy stars focus is primarily on efficiency performance but also includes quality control to ensure

lasting performance. The program will aid in the design but relies on the final inspection of performance

and quality of work. Each of the four checklists has a quality guide for inspector use. This ensures that

the building was built correctly.

3.1

Energy star check lists3.1.1 Home v3

Both single and multifamily homes are eligible for an ENERGY STAR rating. Multifamily buildings

have size restrictions and needs to be 4 units or fewer. See Appendix 5 for full details on restrictions.

Multifamily buildings that don’t meet the restrictions may be eligible through the Multifamily High Rise

Program.19

There are two paths to becoming certified - Prescriptive Path, and the Performance Path. The

Prescriptive Path is a single set of measures that are easily used to rate a home but does not have

flexibility to be used on every type of home. The national program requirements are used to certify

buildings. The U.S.A is broke up in to 8 climate zones. Depending on what zone a building is in will decide

how the building is tested.20 Map of climate zones can be found in Appendix 6

The Performance Path allows for lots of flexibility in a building to select a custom combination of

measures. A rater must calculate the greatest HERS Index of the building to use this path. A HERS index

is a combination of all of the thermal and energy efficiency’s in a building. thermal resistance and

thermal gain of- Foundations, floors, walls, doors, windows, ceilings, attics, and roof. energy efficiency of

the buildings systems- Heating system, cooling system, water heating, Thermal distribution(ducts and

pipes),thermostat, infiltration & mechanical ventilation, lighting & appliances, and internal gains &

internal mass

21

for an in-depth look see Appendix 7 for details.

All buildings must go through 4 quality control checklists for- thermal Enclosure, heating/ Ventilation &

air conditioning, and water management. Quality control is done by the Rater, contractor and Builder.

Every checklist has a checklist guide to help standardise quality throughout the industry and to ensure

that every building will perform as designed. Each section of the guide outlines- what is being

examined, who should of performed the work, requirement charts, and Images of both proper and



14

improper installation.22 Shown in Figure 4. The Checklists for can be found in the in appendix 8 An link

to the whole document can be found in Appendix 9

GuidesThermal Enclosure System Rater appendix 10

HVAC System Quality Installation Contractor Checklist appendix 11

HVAC System Quality Installation Rater Checklist appendix 12

Water Management System Builder Checklist appendix 13

Figure 4

Energy Star gide example

This guide example show- details, requirements, labor information, and examples of poor/good

craftsmanship

(Energy Star)

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/ENERGY_STAR_V3_HVAC_Qu

ality_Installation_Guidebook_2.21.2011.pdf





16

There is no additional cost in building an R-2000 home. All r-2000 professionals involved are in place of

non- certified professionals

The R-2000 standard is a small 16 page booklet of criteria that a house has to meet to become eligible

for R-2000 certification appendix 15. This standard is written simply. R-2000 does not give specifics on

how the building should be built but is rated on the ability to meet the intents of the requirements.

Three R-2000 service providers will perform the certification- R-2000 Plan Evaluator, R-2000 Inspector,

R-2000 Airtightness Tester. Service providers use a R-2000 Procedure manual that contains checklist of

all the information required to become certified. Appendix 16

3.3 R-2000 building standard

There are 5 sections of criteria;

Building envelope – minimum performance of outer walls and roof of building

Mechanical systems - restrictions on equipment

Energy performance - efficiency requirements

Indoor air quality – avoiding indoor toxic air pollutants

Water conservation – maximum flow rates of fixtures

Building Envelope

Building envelope covers insulation, air tightness, and windows. Insolation levels only have to meet the

local building code but also most of the basement has to be insulated. Performance of insolation will be

tested once the building is finished to confirm the house meets the energy target.

Section 6 R-2000 Energy performance Targets. Energy target testing is conducted by a R-2000 plan

evaluator using energy calculation software Hot2000. Calculation of the Annual Energy target uses 2

equations added together and multiplied by 0.5 and with the house set at standard conditions appendix

17. The 2 equations are for annual space heating and annual domestic hot water. Annual space heating

formula uses- heating value depending on the type of heating (fuel or electric), local degree days and

the volume of the house. Annual hot water formula uses- heating value depending on the type of

heating (fuel or electric), and local water main temperature.

Air tightness test can be done through pressurisation or depressurisation. The building should have a

less than 1.5 air changes per hour when pressurised to 50 Pascal or depressurised to 10 Pascal andmeasured with CAN/CGSB-149.10-M86 from the Standards council of Canada. When testing a multi-unit

building each unit should be tested individually.

Windows that are energy star qualified meet or exceed the R-2000 requirements. Decorative windows

such as windows in doors, stain glass and other specialty glass are allowed if the total speciality glass

area is less than the total glass area or the building.

Mechanical systems



17

Mechanical systems are the primary energy consumption and greenhouse gas creators of a building such

as- heating and cooling, ventilation, and wood burning appliances. Any type of system is available to use

but must meet or exceed energy targets. Section 5 R-2000 Mechanical systems heavily focuses on the

proper ventilation of each type of system to avoid indoor air contamination.

Water conservation

Water is conserved through fixtures and the choice of 2 environmental features from the R-2000 pick list

Appendix 18 low flow toilet, shower and lavatory faucets fixtures. Toilets should flush with less than 4.8

litres. Low flow Shower heads should use less then7.6 liters/min tested at 80psi. lavatory faucets should

use less than 5.7 litres/min tested at 60psi.

Pick list

R-2000 has a Pick list appendix 19 that allows the owner to decide which Indoor air quality and

Environmental features they wish to incorporate into the building. A minimum of 3 of the 9 indoor air

quality features and 2 out of 14 Environmental Features are needed. Indoor air quality features focus ontoxic off gassing of materials but also includes moisture control, and air filtration. Indoor Air Quality

Features list- Carpeting, air filtration, paints and varnishes, flooring adhesives, cabinetry, vinyl flooring,

particleboard underlayment, sub-slab depressurisation, and moisture control. A wide range of

sustainable practices can be achieved in the 4 categories of environmental features- insulation,

Sheathing/drywall, interior framing and trim, and reduction in energy use. Theses environmental

features focus on recycled materials and energy use.

3.4 R-2000 Process

A R-2000 builder should be hired first Before plans are created. A R-2000 builder will act as a guide

through the process to ensure- Plans, documentation, and the finished building all meet the criteria.

Plans will be created that incorporate all necessary items listed in The R-2000 standard. Plans will be

evaluated by a R-2000 plan reviewer. The builder can now start construction of the building. R-2000

houses must be built by certified builders. A builder can become a licenced builder if they attend a 2 day

workshop and build a demonstration home. 28

During construction before the house is dry walled a R-2000 inspector must inspect the building to

insure the building is built to the provincial building code and all R-2000 features where installed

correctly. After the building has been fully completed- sealed, dry walled, and painted. A “NRCan”

licenced company can be hired to conduct air tightness testing. After a home has passed all tests and

documentation has been collected by the builder and sent to R-2000 a R-2000 certificate will be issuedto the homeowner.

People involved in performing certification are- R-2000 builder, R-2000 Plan reviewer, R-2000 inspector,

and “NRCan” licenced airtightness tester.



18

4 Conclusion

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is an global organisation run by the USGBC (U.S.

green building council) that can certify a building to prove it has high environmental standards. 9

building categories that are eligible for certification are- New construction and Major Renovations,

existing buildings, core & shell, commercial interiors, retail, homes, neighborhoods, schools, and

healthcare.

Rating systems are broke up in to 5 main credit categories- Sustainable sites, Water efficiency, Energy &

atmosphere, Materials & resources, and Indoor environmental quality. Categories are made up of

credits that each have a different intent to improve the building and are worth points. The amount of

points that are obtained are used to determine what level of LEED was achieved- certified40-49,

silver50-59, Gold 60-79, platinum 80+out of a possible 110points. Additionally there are 7 Minimum

program requirements not worth points.

To begin Higher LEED accredited professionals before major design of the building begins. A green rater,

an architect and 1 employee on the construction management team must be a LEED GREEN ASSOCIATE

During construction your green rater will work with your team ensuring everything needed for

certification is properly documented

ENERGY STAR is a joint program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department

of Energy. ENERGY STAR rates and certifies both products and Buildings

Energy STAR uses a Checklist filled out by- an ENERGY STAR rater, an Contractor, and a Builder. The

focus is primarily on efficiency performance but also includes quality control to ensure lastingperformance of both homes and buildings. All buildings must go through 4 quality control checklists for-

thermal Enclosure, heating/ Ventilation & air conditioning, and water management

ENERGY STAR has commercial rating systems for- government, healthcare, higher education, hospitality/

entertainment, industrial, K-12, Real estate/multifamily, retail, small business, congregations, service &

products providers, utilities & energy efficiency program sponsors, water/ wastewater utilities. Hire

ENERGY STAR qualified professionals- Rater, Builder and Contactor

R-2000 Collaboration between the Canadian Home Builders’ Association (CHBA) and the Office of Energy

Efficiency (OEE) of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan requirements involve three main areas of

construction: energy performance, indoor air quality and environmental responsibility. Detached

houses, attached houses, and multi-unit building can all be certified R-2000 Plan Evaluator, R-2000

Inspector, R-2000 Airtightness Tester. Service providers use a R-2000 Procedure manual that contains

checklist of all the information required to become certified. Checklists that -Building envelope,

Mechanical systems, Energy performance, Indoor air quality, and Water conservation all meet high

standards.



19

A R-2000 builder will act as a guide through the process to ensure- Plans, documentation, and the

finished building all meet the criteria.

People involved R-2000 builder, R-2000 Plan reviewer, R-2000 inspector, “NRCan” licenced airtightness

tester

5 RecommendationsIt is recommended that all 3 sustainable building practices be thoroughly considered for every building.

Each of the building practices focus slightly more on a important sustainability feature. Choosing LEED

will aid in including the latest high performance construction technology. Energy star will drastically

improve Energy efficiency and quality, and R-2000 is a cost-effective way to have high performance

homes.



20

6 References[1] Energy Star, "Buildings and plants," [Online]. Available:

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=business.bus_index. [Accessed March 2013].

[2] Natural Resources Canada, "R-2000," [Online]. Available: http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/residential/new-

homes/r-2000/7334. [Accessed March 2013].

[3] USGBC, "Leed," [Online]. Available: http://new.usgbc.org/leed. [Accessed 3 April 2013].

7 Appendix

1- http://new.usgbc.org/resources/reference-guides

2- http://new.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction/v2009

3- http://new.usgbc.org/credits/schools---new-construction/v2009/minimum-program-requirements

4- http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/guidance5- http://www.energystar.gov/

6-

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/ES_Combined_Path_v_65_clean_508.pdf?2

aca-79ef

7-

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/V3HERS_IndexTargetProcedure.

pdf

8- Picture

9- http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/InspectionChecklists.pdf

10-

Checklisthttp://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/Energy_Star_v3_TERC_

Guidebook.pdf

11-

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/ENERGY_STAR_V3_HVAC_Quali

ty_Installation_Guidebook_2.21.2011.pdf

12-

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/ENERGY_STAR_V3_HVAC_Quali

ty_Installation_Guidebook.pdf

13-

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/Water_Management_System_B

uilder_Checklist_Guidebook_Rev04_v5_FINAL_508.pdf

14- http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.nh_v3_guidelines

15- http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/residential/new-homes/r-2000/standard/16118

16- http://chba.ca/uploads/R-2000/Files/1984-02-01%20Super%20Energy.pdf

17- http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/residential/new-homes/r-2000/standard/1611818- http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/residential/new-homes/r-2000/standard/16118

19- http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/residential/new-homes/r-2000/standard/16118



21

1USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed

2USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/resources/reference-guides

3USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/new-construction

4USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/existing-buildings

5USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/core-shell

6

USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/commercial-interiors 7USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/homes

8USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/neighborhoods

9USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/schools

10USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/resources/leed-reference-guide-green-building-design-and-construction-global-

acps 11

USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems 12

USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction/v2009 13

USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/credits/schools---new-construction/v2009/minimum-program-requirements 14

USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/certification 15

USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/credentials/leed-ga/overview 16

USGBC http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/guidance 17

Energy Star http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.nh_v3_guidelines 18 Energy Star http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=home.index 19

Energy Star http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.nh_v3_guidelines 20

Energy Star

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/ES_Combined_Path_v_65_clean_508.pdf?2aca-79ef 21

Energy Star

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/V3HERS_IndexTargetProcedure.pdf 22

Energy Star http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/InspectionChecklists.pdf 23


Energy Star http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=business.bus_index 25


Natural Resources Canada http://www.chba.ca/r-2000/program-and-standard.aspx 27

Natural Resources Canada http://www.chba.ca/r-2000/program-and-standard.aspx 28

Natural Resources Canada http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/equipment/manufacturers/8871#how-to

http://new.usgbc.org/leed


http://new.usgbc.org/resources/reference-guides


http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/new-construction


http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/existing-buildings



http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/core-shell



http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/commercial-interiors


http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/homes


http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/neighborhoods


http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/schools


http://new.usgbc.org/resources/leed-reference-guide-green-building-design-and-construction-global-acps







http://new.usgbc.org/credits/new-construction/v2009


http://new.usgbc.org/credits/schools---new-construction/v2009/minimum-program-requirements



http://new.usgbc.org/leed/certification



http://new.usgbc.org/credentials/leed-ga/overview



http://new.usgbc.org/leed/rating-systems/guidance



http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.nh_v3_guidelines



http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=home.index






http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/ES_Combined_Path_v_65_clean_508.pdf?2aca-79ef


http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/V3HERS_IndexTargetProcedure.pdf


http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/bldrs_lenders_raters/downloads/InspectionChecklists.pdf






http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=business.bus_index






http://www.chba.ca/r-2000/program-and-standard.aspx






http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/equipment/manufacturers/8871#how-to
































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