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SUSTAINABILITY AND THE SCHOOL WASTE STREAM. Sustainable Waste Stream Management Implementation Challenges Curriculum Tools for Engaging Students. THE SCHOOL WASTE STREAM. Landfill. School Campus. Waste bin. Tons per year. Recycling Bin. Material Recovery Facility. Tons per year. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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SUSTAINABILITY AND THE SCHOOL WASTE STREAM
Sustainable Waste Stream Management
Implementation Challenges
Curriculum Tools for Engaging Students
THE SCHOOL WASTE STREAMS
choo
l Cam
pus
Source Reduction
Landfill
Material Recovery Facility
Compost Facility
Waste bin
Recycling Bin
Food Waste Cart
Tons per year
Tons per year
Tons per year
Distance
Cost Cost
3
Campus energy use
Campus water use
Transportation of Students and Staff Food
Materials Purchasing
Use Behaviors
Disposal decisions
Monitoring
GREEN SCHOOLS- A SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE
Campus ecosystem
Educational and administrative materials
THE SCHOOL WASTE STREAMS
choo
l Cam
pus
Source Reduction
Landfill
Material Recovery Facility
Compost Facility
Waste bin
Recycling Bin
Food Waste Cart
Tons per year
Tons per year
Tons per year
Distance
Cost Cost
LIFE CYCLE OF A STUDENT WORKBOOK
Raw materials acquisition
Materials Manufacture
ProductManufacture
ProductConsumption
Final DepositionLandfill
CombustionRecycle or
Reuse
Energy Energy Energy Energy
Energy
Wastes and Pollution
Wastes and Pollution
Wastes and Pollution
Wastes and Pollution
Wastes and Pollution
Reuse
Product recycling5
DIAGRAM OF A CLASSROOM RECYCLING SYSTEM
Recycling Bin and Trash Placed Together
Right by the Door
Simple Signage Above Recycling Bin
RECYCLING SIGNAGE
BINS AROUND THE SCHOOLBin in every classroom
Administrative offices
Copy room
Faculty lounge
Cafeteria
Playground
Bottom line: give people the chance to do the right thingwherever there’s a waste bin, place a recycling bin
BASELINE INVENTORY
WASTE AUDIT
http://www.recycleworks.org/schools/s_audits.html
Additional materials: Food Waste, Polystyrene #6,
Other Plastics 3,4,5,7, Yard Waste, Textiles, Electronics, Other
MONITORING
THE SCHOOL WASTE STREAMS
choo
l Cam
pus
Source Reduction
Landfill
Material Recovery Facility
Compost Facility
Waste bin
Recycling Bin
Food Waste Cart
Tons per year
Tons per year
Tons per year
Distance
Cost Cost
SOURCE REDUCTIONFood Service:• Washable trays, silverware, etc.• Reduced use of individual packaging• Waste Free Lunch Events• Unwanted food table• Buy local
Curriculum Materials:• Double sided copies• Encouraged use of“Back paper”• Reuse of textbooks
Administration:• Double sided copies• Regulation of copier use• Electronic Messaging• Electronic record keeping• Purchase of recycled content materials• Bulk purchasing
FINANCIAL COST BENEFITWaste Service Cost Structure for two Districts in Alameda County• Waste: $80/cubicyard/week• Food Waste: $40/cubicyard/week• Mixed Recyclables: $20/cubicyard/week
LABOR COST BENEFITMIXED RECYCLING
Waste bin
Recycling Bin
Food Waste Cart
LABOR COST BENEFITFOOD SCRAPS
Waste bin
Recycling Bin
Food Waste Cart
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT
the equivalent GHG emissions from 42.4 passenger vehicles each year.
the GHG emissions from 26,261 gallons of gasoline consumed.
the GHG emissions from 538 barrels of oil consumed.
the GHG emissions from 9,640 propane cylinders used for home barbeques.
the GHG emissions from burning 1.2 railcars’ worth of coal.
the GHG emissions from the electricity use of 30.6 average American homes for one year.
Emerson Elementary in Oakland, CA.
264 students diverted 62% of their waste
reducing 231 TONS CO2 emissions
19
Material Carbon Savings “Break-Even Point” (miles) per ton recycled Truck Rail Freighter Aluminum 3.44 116,000 451,000 524,000Corrugated 0.79 27,000 104,000 120,000Newspaper 0.68 23,000 90,000 104,000 Steel 0.48 16,000 63,000 73,000LDPE 0.36 12,000 47,000 55,000PET 0.33 11,000 43,000 50,000HDPE 0.30 10,000 39,000 45,000Glass (to bottles) 0.07 2,000 9,000 11,000
• “Break-Even Point” is where GHG emissions transporting the recyclables equals GHG emissions (MTCE) avoided when the recyclables displace virgin feedstocks.
• Carbon emissions “Break-Even” point for long-haul truck driving 30 tons of food waste [6 dry tons] to a compost facility is ~21,000 miles
• Distance across the Continental US: 3,000 miles around the equator: 24,783 miles
Source: David Allaway, Oregon DEQ
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Human Health Cost ($/ton of material)
Material Production Disposal TotalVirgin Corrugated Box
$95 $2 $97
Recycled Content Corrugated Box
$86 $2 $88
Virgin Aluminum ~$923 $5 ~$925Recycled Content Aluminum
~$71 $5 ~$76
Virgin Glass $69 $1 $70Recycled Content Glass
$47 $1 $48
Virgin HDPE $124 $4 $128Virgin PET $327 $4 $331Virgin PVC $1,710 $4 $1714
1992 Tellus Institute Packaging Study for Council of State Governments,EPA, and State of New Jersey
OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENT INVESTIGATION
Life Cycle Analyses: • Paper vs. plastic• disposable mugs vs. ceramic • hand dryer vs.towels• Reading on-line vs. paper
Number of uses
Mat
eria
l int
ensi
ty (g
)
Applied Math
4.4 tons waste/year
~12% foodwaste
~1000 pounds foodwaste
Converts to 300-435 liters CH4 under typical landfill conditions
19.5 pounds CO2 /gallon
25 miles/gallon
3,200-4,600 miles of driving
CH4 23X more potent GHG than CO2
Source: EPA WARM and
Brown,S. 2007 Env. Benefits of Compost Use.BioCycle 48: 6
Environmental Impact Analyses
Sustainability
ECOLITERACY
THE SCHOOL WASTE STREAM
Sch
ool C
ampu
s
Source Reduction
Landfill
Material Recovery Facility
Compost Facility
Waste bin
Recycling Bin
Food Waste Cart
Tons per year
Tons per year
Tons per year
DistanceCost Cost
For a Hypothetical District with 800 Students per Grade Level Examine Three Different Measures:
Convert bus fleet (143 buses) to biodiesel: saves 582 tons MTCO2
Add 32,000 square feet of photovoltaics: saves 441 MTCO2
Increase recycling rate from 30% to 35%: saves 461 MTCO2
Using the EPA WARM Model to Compare Emissions Reductions Measures
Recycling is the lowest cost alternative and uses existing infrastructureSource: EPA WARM model calculations run by Kelly Runyan ESA