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Sustainability Across the Curriculum
Dr. Kauser Jahan, P.E.Dr. Beena Sukumaran
Civil and Environmental Engineering
Introduction• The USEPA has developed nine green engineering principles which engineers should follow to fully implement green engineering solutions: • •Engineer processes and products holistically, use systems analysis, and integrate environmental impact assessment tools. •Conserve and improve natural ecosystems while protecting human health and well-being. •Use life cycle thinking in all engineering activities. •Ensure that all material and energy inputs and outputs are as inherently safe and benign as possible. •Minimize depletion of natural resources. •Strive to prevent waste. •Develop and apply engineering solutions, while being cognizant of local geography, aspirations and cultures. •Create engineering solutions beyond current or dominant technologies; improve, innovate and invent (technologies) to achieve sustainability. •Actively engage communities and stakeholders in development of engineering solutions.
• To allow the students to develop an understanding of the need to go green
• The website aims to show prospective and current students about the global, environmental issues that engineers encounter daily.
• The website will act as both a portal and as an informative webpage.
• Regarding the portal aspect of the website, the homepage will provide valuable links to direct students to other useful websites where they can learn and immerse themselves in the environmental aspect of engineering.
• The website will function as an informational website, and provide descriptions of how each class here at our CEE program at Rowan University will strive to incorporate environmental issues into the student’s curriculum.
Objectives
Rowan University
• The comprehensive state university of Southern New Jersey.
• Located in Glassboro, NJ. Founded in 1923.
• University renamed in honor of Henry Rowan after $100 million gift in 1992 to create the College of Engineering.
• Rowan University consists of seven colleges– Business– Communication– Education– Engineering– Fine and Performing Arts– Liberal Arts and Sciences– Graduate and Continuing Education
Who we are...
The Engineering Clinic
• Freshman Clinic I: Engineering Measurements
• Freshman Clinic II: Reverse Engineering
• Sophomore Clinic I: Alternate Fuel
• Sophomore Clinic II: Sustainability
• Junior Clinic: Multidisciplinary Design Project (semester)
• Senior Clinic: Multidisciplinary Design Project (year)
Objectives: Design, Build and Test
Hybrid Rocket Motor
NASA mG Boiling Expt.
Aquarium Project
Automated Crash Notification System
C o
m p
le
xi t
y
The SanDestin Declaration of Green Engineering Principles (2003)
• Transforms existing practices to promote sustainability.
• Economically viable products, processes, and systems that – promote human welfare – while protecting human health – and elevating the protection of the
biosphere • New criterion for engineering solutions.
What is Green Engineering?
Pollution PreventionDesign for EnvironmentLean ManufacturingClean TechnologyEcological Engineering
Molecules
Industrial Parks
Manufacturing plants
Process units
Earth
Communities
Industrial Ecology
Sustainable Development
Microscale
Mesoscale
Macroscale
Megascale
Global
Green Engineering
Green Chemistry
Freshman Engineering Clinic I
• Introduction to Engineering• 2 sections taught by Civil
faculty to all majors– Power/Efficiency Concepts
• Motor/turbine lifts weight
– Alternative/Clean Energy• Chemical Battery• Hydro• Solar• Wind
Freshman Engineering Clinic II
Sophomore Clinic IAlternate Energy Sources- Biofuel
http://shop.lego.com/http://www.ncbe.reading.ac.uk/NCBE/MATERIALS/fuelcell.html
Microbial Fuel Cell Lego® Mindstorms
Student Designs for Biofuel Cells
Sophomore Clinic IISustainability Greenhouse Gas Action Plan
Rowan University has pledged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 3.5% below 1990 levels by 2011.
CAMPUS Project Goals
•Calculate GHG emissions for the university from 1990 to present based on electricity, natural gas, and oil consumption• Perform an environmental audit of one aspect of the
university’s operations• Perform a life cycle inventory analysis• Develop a plan for improving sustainable practices based on
audit• Perform an economic analysis: report costs or savingsSTEP 1: INPUT DATA
Gather the following information for years 1990 and 2000: 1990 2000
1.0 Total Electricity purchased KWH1.1 Total Electricity sold KWH1.2 Net Electricity purchased (purchased - sold = net) KWH1.3 Gasoline purchased gallons1.4 #2 Oil purchased (combine vehicle diesel fuel & fuel oil) gallons1.5 #6 Oil purchased gallons1.6 Natural Gas purchased dekatherms1.7 Natural Gas purchased (alternate units) 1000 ft3
1.8 Other (propane, sold heat/steam, fuel cells, etc.) (contact us)1.9 Campus Climate Controlled Area square feet1.10 Campus population (FTE students + FTE employees) FTE
STEP 2: CALCULATE CO2 PRODUCED1990 2000
2.0 Multiply: year 1990 Net electric KWH by 0.000665 (tons/KWH) CO2 due to net electric purchased tons
2.1 Multiply: year 2000 Net electric KWH by 0.000550 (tons/KWH) CO2 due to net electric purchased tons
2.2 Multiply: gasoline gallons by 0.00982 (tons/gallon) CO2 due to gasoline combustion tons
• Campus Recycling
Areas of investigation:– Academic buildings– Residential buildings– Waste tonnage reports from waste handler
•Transportation Audit
•Campus Building Audit
•Water Use
•Alternative Energy Options
•Environmental Purchasing
•Green Dining (composting food waste)
•LEED Certified Buildings
Junior and Senior Clinics
• Arsenic Removal in Drinking Water• BugPower: Fueling our Future with Microorganisms• Metal Removal from Industrial Wastewater• Developing "Green" Controlled Release Systems for Drug Delivery• Use of Jute in Strengthening Asphalt Mixtures• Stormwater Management in Chestnut Branch Watershed• Environmentally Conscious Disassembly of End-of-Life Computers• Chemical Kinetic Model Development and Flow Reactor Studies of
Biodiesel Fuel Blends • Long-Life Smart Structures for Laser Data Transmission • Invertebrates as Bio-indicators of the Water Quality of the Maurice River• Design of Detoxifying Systems for Organo-nitriles Mediated by Cyanogenic
Enzymes
Wind Assessments
• Bayshore, Eachus, Lebak, Sheppard, Seagate, Sea Girt,…
• 30 m Tower w/anemometer, SODAR
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 200
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
09
14
42
96
147
117
94
73
51
2922
165 4 5 1 2 4 5 2
Monthly Wind Distribution
Wind Speed Bins (m/s)
Tim
e (h
ou
rs/m
on
th)
Energy Audits
• Ft. Dix National Guard Headquarters– Minor Investment
• Lower Lighting LEvels• Occupancy Sensors• Bulb Replacement (T8)• Flood Lighting with LED• Computer Sleep Mode• Smart Strip• HVAC Inspection
– Moderate Investment• Bulb Replacement (LED)• Ballast Replacement• HVAC Component Replacement
– Large Investment• Photovoltaic System
• Guard has adopted model nation-wide
Freshman Engineering Clinic Green Engineering Project Drip Coffee Maker Introduction to Environmental Regulations
Sophomore Engineering Clinic Life Cycle Assessment of a Product Environmental Regulations
Mass & Energy Balances Emissions Estimation Life Cycle Assessment Project II
Equilibrium Stage Separations Mass Separating Agent Risk Assessment
Material Science Estimation of properties, EPA PMN case studies: polymers or electronic materials
Heat Transfer Heat Integration (Simple) Chemical Thermodynamics Estimation of Chemical Properties Separations Green Solvents or Replacements through
innovative membrane and adsorption technologies
Chemical Reaction Engineering Pollution Prevention Strategies Green Chemistry
Design Heat integration & Mass Integration Flowsheet Analysis Life Cycle Assessment
Process Dynamics & Control Pollution Prevention Unit Operations Laboratory Green Engineering Experiments Design for Pollution Prevention Heat and Mass Integration
Process Analysis Engineering Clinic Real Industrial Projects in Green Engineering
Integration of Green Engineering in the Chemical Engineering Curriculum
leaching andfiltration
Condenser and Distributor
heat transfer
tubular heaterwith two-phase flow
one-way valve
Coffee Beans
bypass lever
timer, fuses and thermal switch
AC Power
Electrical and Mechanical Engineering
Incorporated into Traditional Coursework:
ECE: • Networks Course: Efficiency of Electric
Power Production and Environmental Impacts– <35% efficiency, Air pollution generated
(CO2, SOx, NOx, TSP)• Electronics Course: Semester Paper Focuses
on the Environmental Impacts of the Semiconductor Industry
• Sustainable Design elective
ME: Address Design for Environment, Green materials and processes as part of Design Courses
CEE GOES GREEN WEBPAGE
• Homepage with links to various Rowan University web pages, engineering websites, along with links to informative websites such as one to calculate your carbon footprint.
• A web page that displays all of the Civil Engineering core classes along with the display of the green employee and student of the month. These individuals display characteristics that aim to protect and redevelop the environment in both public and private settings.
•Each core class displayed has a link that shows what the class’s curriculum is along with how the class is striving to bring more environmental issues into the classroom.
•Images of Student Projects that are GREEN
Components of Website
http://users.rowan.edu/~jahan/Green_Engineering/green_engineering.htm
Statics, Solid Mechanics, Structural Analysis, CE Materials and Material Science Going Green
•Use Green Materials that use recycled components such as salvaged steel, fly ash mixed with concrete, recycled asphalt
•Compare them to properties for conventional materials
CE Systems
• Introduction to Systems & Models• Engineering Economics
– Incandescent versus CFLs for student’s family home
• Probability and Statistics– Raleigh Distribution (Wind power modeling)
• Linear Optimization– Land Use Allocation / Open Space Preservation
Incandescents versus CFLsEnd of yr CFL $ INC $ CFL-INC $ PW $ Cum-PW $
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)0 -116.85 -19.25 -98 -98 -981 -$84 -$350 266 251 1532 -$84 -$350 266 236 3893 -$84 -$350 266 223 6124 -$84 -$369 285 226 8385 -$84 -$350 266 199 10376 -$84 -$350 266 187 12247 -$84 -$350 266 177 14018 -$84 -$350 266 167 1567
Column 1 is givenColumn 2 is the cost to purchase CFLs (yr 0) and to power (yrs 1 - 8), From Table 1Column 3 is the cost to purchase INCs (yr 0 & 4) and to power (yrs 1 - 8), From Table 1Column 4 = Col 2 - Col 1Column 5 = Present worth of Col 4 = Col 4 x (1 + MARR)^Col 1Column 6 is the cumulative sum of Col 5
ANSWERS CFL INC CFL-INCPresent Worth -$641 -$2,208 $1,567Annual Net Benefit -$103 -$356 $252
Return rate NA NA 272% B-C Ratio NA NA 17.06 PayBack Period NA NA 1 yr
Engineering Graphics
• Introduction to Graphics– Interpretation of Drawings
• AutoCAD– Green Home Project
• Memo on Green Home Features
• Site Plan• Floorplans and
Elevations• 2 Detail Drawings
Torup, Sweden
Environmental Engineering I• Green Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant
Design• Energy Use, Carbon Footprint• Wastewater Green Equipment-Oxygenator, Solar Pumps• Wastewater Reuse• Anaerobic Co-Digestion for Increased Renewable Energy• Making Energy From Biosolids and FOG (Fats, Oil, and
Grease)• Use of CHEAPET software- A Comprehensive Energy
Analysis Tool for WWTPs• Select readings on contemporary articles
Environmental Engineering II• Introduction to Sustainable Engineering
– Triple Bottom Line (Environment, Economics, Society)• Ecological Footprint, Carbon Footprint• Earth’s Carrying Capacity: Mass/Energy Balances
• Hydrology– Safe Yield, Salt Water Intrusion,
Aquifer Recharge
• Risk Assessment– Chronic Daily Intake, Hazard Index, Risk,
Clean-up Triggers
• Municipal Solid Waste– Recycling, Composting, Energy Recovery,
Collection, Landfilling
• Hazardous Waste– Love Canal, Superfund
• Air Pollution– Control, Human Caused Climate Change, Ozone Depletion
Collect recyclable
waste material
Process material
Transport to manufacturing
facility
Use as raw material in manufacture of new product
Sell to consumer
Engineers without Borders
• Service Learning and Sustainability
• Green Materials• Environmental
EPA P3 Grants
CEE GREEN STUDENT
• One student to be selected every semester for displaying attributes for protecting the environment.
• Recycling• Riding bike to school• Drinking water bottle• Promoting green engineering• Green dining
AcknowledgementRobert SheridanJunior Civil and Environmental Engineering
Making a Difference in Peoples’ LIVES!!Making a Difference for the Planet