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Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State UniversityOpen University SystemSan Fernando City, La Union

A SURVEY ON THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PARIAN OESTE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PUPILSSY 2010-2011Subject : DAF 203 METHODS OF RESEARCHProfessor : DR. ANTONIO O. OGBINARStudent : AILEEN L. CASUGA

TABLE OF CONTENTSI. INTRODUCTIONII. OBJECTIVEIII. METHODOLOGYIV. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATAV. SUMMARYVI. CONCLUSIONVII. RECOMMENDATIONCHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONSituational AnalysisOne of the major health problems that the Department of Education addressed is malnutrition among school children.According to the departments statistical record SY 2007-2008, 21 % of the elementary pupils and 16% of the secondary students in the country are malnourished, as this affects significantly the attainment of high academic achievement.The Philippine Constitution recognizes the value of good health and nutrition as can be gleaned from Article 11, Section 5, which states that The State shall protect and promote the right to health and nutrition consciousness among them.The Constitution further provides in Article XIII, Section 12, that The state shall establish and maintain an effective food and drug regulatory system and undertake appropriate health and nutrition manpower development and research, responsive to the countrys health and nutrition needs.It is on this that the Department of Education through the Health and Nutrition Center, implements the School Nutrition program which encompasses nutrition education, supplementary feeding, food subsidy to school children and their families, capability building, food production to promote food and sufficiency and nutrition advocacy which are all linked to President Gloria macapagal-Arroyos Accelerated Hunger Mitigation Program.The latest of these DepEd initiatives was the launching of the Gulayan sa Paaralan. This program emphasizes th utilization of the school garden of vegetables for school feeding and planting of at least 50 malunggay trees in schools. Alongside with the project, the DepED HNC (Health and Nutrition Center) develop recipes using malunggay for school feeding to enhance the nutritional status of school children. The home economics and school canteen teachers should go hand and hand in the feeding program.July is called the Nutrition Month, when public attention is focused on nutrition along a chosen theme. It is mandated by Section 7 of Presidential Decree No. 491 (Nutrition Act of the Philippines, 1974) which states that The month of July shall be designated as Nutrition Month for the purpose of creating awareness among our people on the importance of nutrition. Activities shall be considered by the National Nutrition Council (NNC) and the Local GovernmentMoreover, school feeding programs in the Philippines have the following goals: (1) to improve the nutrition of school children by furnishing them wholesome food at the lowest possible cost; (2) to aid in strengthening the nutrition and health education program of the public schools; (3) to foster proper eating habits. A good school feeding program must be set up as an integral part of the educational program carried on within the school with the active participation of the teachers: Emphasis is given to low cost nutritious foods, food acceptability by children, sanitation, and a relaxed atmosphere.

The establishment of the school feeding program goes a long way to increase nutrient intake of children, to reduce absenteeism and dropouts. If improvement were expanded to a nationwide scale, this would mean higher level of achievement and higher ability to generate income later in life. Moreover, survey report the effectiveness of the school feeding program in cutting down food prejudices, in teaching wise selection of nutrient-rich foods, and in combating some nutritional deficiencies.A healthy people is a productive people, ready to work towards national development and able to enjoy the socio-economic benefits of development. Good health goes with proper nutrition is the key to promotion and maintenance of economic productivity. Former Pres. Fidel V. Ramos (1995) had underscored the importance of health and nutrition in his message to the Nutrition-Dieticians Association of the Philippines during its 40th Annual Convention in February 1, 1995, when he stated:Good nutrition is both an economic and social investment that will empower our people with vigor and strength to push this nation forward. Not only can much be expected from a healthy and properly nourished people but our economi growth as well heavily hinged upon the nutritional situation of the populationThus, the previous administration has formulated the Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition (PPAN), the countrys master plan to address the problems of malnutrition. It was made a component of the Medium Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) for Philippines 2000. Thus, its successful implementation contributes to the achievement of the MTPDPs vision along human development.However, although health authorities provide people with much information to encourage a healthy lifestyle, the indices of malnutrition is still high. Therefore, there is a need to provide every individual with information to assume more responsibility to safeguard his/her own health. Through the help of the teachers, especially the Home Economics (H.E.) teachers, they are given the opportunity to educate with regards to proper health and nutrition care.Malnutrition is happening today, and if not properly attended top will grow worse in the future. In this light the researcher was prompted to conduct this survey research to determine the Nutritional Status of pupils in Parian Oeste Elementary School, Bauang South District, Parian Oeste, Bauang, La Union for the school year 2010-2011.

II. OBJECTIVEThis survey aims to determine the Nutritional Status of Parian Oeste Elementary School for School Year 2010-2011.

Through this survey, the researcher who is a Home Economics teacher and the School Feeding Teacher in the said school can obtain more relevant information on the nutritional status of the pupils and learn more on how to address the growing problem of malnutrition in the school.

Once the findings are tallied and computed, analyzed and concluded, a recommendation will provided by the researcher which can possibly be presented to the school involved in this research for further reference to the growing problem of malnutrition.III. METHODOLOGYResearch DesignThis survey utilized the descriptive research design that describes and interprets existing conditions. It involves an element of interpretation of the meaning or significance of what is described. It is also a research documentary analysis because it made use of records of selected respondents filed in the school covered in the study.Locale and Respondents of the SurveyThis survey was conducted at Parian Oeste Elementary School, a public elementary school of Bauang South District located at Parian Oeste, Bauang, La Union. The school is made of wood and concrete materials specifically cement. The school educates Kinder pupils and Grades 1 to 6 pupils. As of school year 2010-2011, it has a total population of 254 pupils but later reduced to 238 due to drop-outs and transferred out of pupils to other places.There were 29 Kinder pupils, 41 Grade I pupils, 44 Grade 2 pupils, 30 Grade 3 pupils, 31 Grade 4 pupils, 28 Grade 5 pupils and 35 Grade 6 pupils. The respondents chosen were from Grades 1 to 6 of school year 2010-2011. The chosen respondents (Grades 1 to 6) have a population of 209 when added. To find the number of representatives, I used the Slovins formula at 5% margin of error.Slovins Formula:n = N 1 + Ne2 Where: n = sample sizeN = Total populatione = margin of errorUsing the formula with the total number of respondents equal to 209 pupils, it resulted to a sample size of 137, with it the sample size was distributed using a sampling method which is stratified random sampling. Using the steps of this sampling method, the population was divided into homogeneous subgroups or strata, then the random samples were drawn from each stratum, and lastly, the samples were combined from each strata into a sample size of the target population.Using the stratified random sampling, the distribution of respondents were drawn as shown in the table (Table 1)

Table 1. Distribution of Respondents

Instrumentation and Data GatheringThe method used to collect data is through a questionnaire-checklist type of data gathering prepared by the researcher. The questionnaire was simplified and translated in Pilipino dialect for better understanding. The questionnaire was given to the selected pupils and retrieved them at once after being answered.The Height and Weight of the respondents were taken personally by the researcher while some pupils height and weight were obtained from their teachers record. The data gathered were evaluated for BMI which is: BMI = Weight (kg) Height (cm)2

GradeSectionNn1A41232A44233A30234R31235A28226C3523TOTAL209137Treatment of DataFrequency counts and percentage were employed to determine the demographic profile of the pupils in terms of age, gender, socio-economic background, parents educational attainment and religious affiliation. The same measurement was used to determine the nutritional profile of the respondents. The Body Mass Index (BMI) in relation to the weight and height of the pupils were categorized as severely wasted, wasted, normal, overweight, and obese. P = f x 100 NWhere: f = frequency valueN = number of respondentsP = percentageIV. Presentation, Analysis and InterpretationThis chapter presents the findings of this survey in the order of the specific problem in tabular form, states statistical descriptions in declarative sentences, and links the present findings with the previous literature to draw out implications.Profile of RespondentsAge. Table 2 shows the profile of the pupils in terms of their age. Pupils with the age of 6 have 15 out of 137 pupils or 10.95 percent; 22 out of 137 or 16.06 percent for 7 years old pupils; 15 out of 137 or 10.95 percent for 8 years old pupils;20 out of 137 or 14.59 percent for 9 years old pupils; 26 out of 137 or 18.98 percent for 10 years old pupils, 25 out of 137 or 18.25 percent for 11 years old pupils; 11 out of 137 or 8.03 percent for 12 years old pupils; 2 out of 137 or 1.46 percent for 13 years old pupils; op out of 137 or 0 percent for 14 years old pupils; and 1 out of 137 or 0.73 percent for 15 years old pupils.Most of the respondents are 10 years of age from Grades 3, 4, and 5 pupils. And according to the data I gathered for the school record, Grade 2 and Grade 3 had the highest number of population.Table 2. Distribution of Pupils in Terms of Age

AgeFrequencyPercentage61510.9572216.0681510.9592014.59102618.98112518.2512118.031321.4614001510.73Total137100Gender. The profile of the respondents in terms of gender is presented in Table 3. There are 67 respondents out of 137 or 48.91 percent were male pupils while 70 out of 137 or 51.09 percent were female pupils. It shows that there were more female respondents than male.Table 3. Profile of the Respondents by Gender

Religious Affiliation. As shown in Table 4, 127 out of 137 or 92.7 percent of pupils are Roman Catholic, 10 out of 137 or 7.30 percent belong to other religious group.It came out that most of the pupils religious affiliation is Roman Catholic. It can be related to our country being a Christian country because of the influence of the Spaniards to us.If there is more Christian than any religious group then there is a possibility that there is no great effect on the food preferences with the respondents and also to their nutritional status.Table 4. Religious Affiliations Distribution of Pupils

GenderFrequencyPercentageMale6748.91Female7051.09Total137100Religious AffiliationFrequencyPercentageRoman Catholic12792.70Born Again96.57Mormon10.73Total137100Annual Family Income. There are different family income for every pupils. As shown in Table 5, 17 out of 137 or 12.41 percent have Php. 10,000 and below annual family income; 16 out of 137 or 11.68 percent have Php. 10,001 to 20,000 annual family income; 27 out of 137 or 19.71 percent have Php. 20,001 to 30,000 annual family income; 38 out of 137 or 27.24 percent have 30,001 to 40,000 annual family income; 17 out of 137 or 12.41 percent have Php 40,001 to 50,000 annual family income and 22 out of 137 or 16.06 percent have Php. 50,001 and above family income.The country is having an economic crisis up to this moment, and one of the problems that our country is experiencing now is unemployment. There are no enough jobs for all Filipinos here in our country. That problem can also be seen in Parian Oeste, Bauang, La Union where in many residents there, either graduate or not, were unemployed. That is why most of the families of the pupils in Parian Oeste Elem. School have a family income of Php.30,001 to 40,000 which is still in the margin of poverty.

Table 5. Respondents Profile of their Annual Family Income

Annual Family IncomeFrequencyPercentagePhp. 10,000 and below1712.41Php. 10,001 to 20,0001611.68Php. 20,001 to 30,0002719.71Php. 30,001 to 40,0003827.74Php. 40,001 to 50,0001712.41Php. 50,001 and Above2216.06Total137100Educational Attainment of the Mother. As presented in Table 6. 29 out of 137 or 21.17 percent are pupils whose mothers are elementary graduate; 71 or 51.82 percent are high school graduate, 28 or 20.44 percent are college graduate and 9 or 6.57 percent whose mother attained vocational courses.Most of the mothers are high school graduates which has a frequency of 71 out of 137 from the total number of respondents. This can indicate that the families of the mothers also have unemployed parents thats why they are unable to finish college.Table 6. Distribution of the Educational Attainment of the Mothers of the Respondents

Educational Attainment of the Father. Table 7 reveals that most of the fathers of the respondents are high school graduate. As reflected in Table 7. 62 out of 137 or 45.26 percent were high school graduates; 30 or 21.90 percent are college graduates; 29 or 21.17 percent are elementary graduates and 16 or 11.68 percent were vocational graduates.Based on the data gathered, most of the respondents fathers were only high school graduates. In our customs and traditions, men or the father is the bread winner of the family that is why they are motivated to study and finish a course in college or vocational course to prepare them to be heads of the family in the future. They need to finish college or vocational course to be able to find a good job in the future to support their families.

Educational Attainment of MotherFrequencyPercentageElementary2921.17High School7151.82College2820.44Vocational96.57Total137100Table 7. Distribution of the Educational Attainment of Fathers of the Respondents

Number of family members. The distribution of the family members of the respondents is presented in Table 8. As shown in the table, 10 or 7.30 percent only 3 have 3 members in their family, 31 or 24.82 percent have 4 family members, 44 or 32.12 percent have 5 family members, 27 or 19.71 have 6 family members, 16 or 11.68 percent have 7 family members, 2 or 1.46 percent have 8 family members and 4 or 2.92 percent have 9 family members.This may imply that most parents ideally want to have a maximum of 3 children only. Having too much children can be a problem because the expenses the family will face is a great burden in the future. Though having few children like one or two is boring. In our culture as Filipinos, we ideally want to have 5 to 6 members in the family as long as the family can support and give a better life to their children. With this, the family will be able to guide and give attention to their children and support their needs especially to their school activities.

Educational Attainment of FatherFrequencyPercentageElementary2921.17High School6245.26College3021.90Vocational1611.68Total137100Table 8. Distribution of the Pupils Number of Family Members

NUTRITIONAL STATUSBody Mass Index (BMI). The profile of the respondents in terms of Body Mass Index was presented in Table 9. As presented in the table, 7 out of 137 or 5.11 percent were severely wasted pupils (Previously called as Severely Underweight); 37 or 27.01 percent were wasted pupils (Underweight); 91 or 66.42 percent were normal; 1 or 0.73 percent were overweight; 1 or 0.73 percent was an obese. Getting the Mass Body Index of the pupils consists of 3 facts, their weight as well as their height and their age. The table shows that most of the pupils were normal, but the number of wasted pupils plus the severely wasted pupils is still high and very alarming because malnourishment can affect the childs mental growth. The children in this situation can hardly cope up with the variety of learning activities in school, ability to work out problems and do competitive activities.One of the primary cause of malnourishment is the lack of money to buy enough food for their daily requirements. Most of the family of the respondents have an annual income that ranges from Php. 30,001 40,000 which means that their daily allowance per family only range from Php. 85.00 to 110.00 which is very low, they cannot afford to buy nutritious foods that will meet their daily caloric requirements.

Number of Family MembersFrequencyPercentage3107.3043424.8254432.1262719.7171611.68821.46942.92100011001200TOTAL137100Table 9. Distribution of Pupils in Terms of their Body Mass Index

FOOD PREFERENCESPreference of eating breakfast. A glimpse of Table 10 shows that there are 132 or 96.35 percent of 137 respondents eat their breakfast before going to school and 5 or 3.65 percent stated that they do not always eat their breakfast before going to school.Breakfast is one of the most important meal of the day. To break a fast means to end a long period when someone havent taken in any food, such as when they have slept all night. Breakfast is necessary to make a good days start. Headaches, dizziness, and irritability are consequences of breakfastless mornings. And since most of our respondents eat their breakfast before going to school, it only implies that breakfast has always been a part of our daily routine in the morning.

Table 10. Pupils preference based on eating breakfast before going to school

BMIFrequencyPercentageSeverely Wasted75.11Wasted3727.01Normal9166.42Overweight10.73Obese10.73TOTAL137100Preference of eating breakfast before going to schoolFrequencyPercentageYes13296.35No00Sometimes53.65Total137100Taking vitamins. Table 11 reveals that out of 137 respondents, 53 or 38.69 percent took vitamins, 47 or 34.31 percent for no and 37 or 27.01 percent for sometimes.Most of the respondents take vitamins, this implies that the parents of these pupils believes that vitamins help their children become healthy so they can perform well in school. There are also children who do not take vitamins because of the continuous increase in the cost of living today. Poverty is re3ally one of the major factor why this happen. Families tend to prioritize their foods and other physiologic needs, thus failing to realize the importance of vitamins and how it can provide supplement to the nutrients that are lacking in their diet. Some of the respondents claimed that they take vitamins sometimes. This means that they are not health conscious and so these pupils often neglect taking their vitamins or might be theyre only take vitamins when they have extra money to buy.

Table 11. Pupils preference based on vitamins

Eating during snack time. As presented in Table 12, there are 110 or 86.29 percent out of 137 respondents who eat their snacks during snack time, 2 or 1.46 percent who do not eat their snacks during snack time and 25 or 18.25 percent for those who sometimes eat their snacks.Eating snacks is really enjoying especially for children after a long period of listening to lectures, copying notes, and other school activities that lose their energy. Without energy, these pupils have difficulty in learning their lessons so parents provide foods for their children that they have something to eat during snack time. It has been a part of their lifestyle. But in other cases, though the parents understand that their childrens needs snacks, they cant provide them such because of poverty. That is why some pupils do not eat during snack time. There are also respondents who eat snacks sometimes. Not all people have the same level of metabolic rate. Some get hungry after few hours while some can tolerate not to take food in between meals.

Taking vitaminsFrequencyPercentageYes5338.69No4734.31Sometimes3727.01TOTAL137100Table 12. Distribution of pupils who eat their snacks during snack time

Frequency of eating in a day. Eating meals in a day is very important. In Table 13, it shows that out of 137 respondents 7 or 5.11 percent who eats once a day, 9 or 6.57 percent who eats twice a day, 116 or 84.67 percent who eats trice a day and 5 or 3.65 percent for eating four times a day.Most of the respondents eat three times a day, which is the usual meal pattern breakfast, lunch and dinner. This is because the energy provided by the foods stored in ones body is utilized during his activities. After few hours, this energy is almost used up so another meal is needed to replace the energy used. Other respondents eat only once or twice in a day, skipping one or more meals. There are some situations when it cant be helped, that a family skips a meal when times are hard and so they cant have the usual number of meals in a day.

Table 13. Number of times the respondents eat in a day.

Eating vegetables in a day. As reflected in Table 14, there are113 out of 13 or 82.48 percent of the respondents who eat vegetables in a day, 4 or 2.92 percent who do not eat vegetables, 20 or 14.60 percent who eat vegetables sometimes.Eating vegetables is very important. Aside from being nutritious they are very accessible and available, in fact we can find some in our backyard. Most of the respondents eat vegetables because vegetables are being used as basic ingredients in any kind of food delicacy. Vegetables are good source of natural vitamins, minerals and phyto-chemicals which are very important contributory factors to have a healthy body and mind.

Eating during snack timeFrequencyPercentageYes11086.29No21.46Sometimes2518.25TOTAL137100Frequency of eating in a dayFrequencyPercentageOnce75.11Twice96.57Trice11684.674x53.65TOTAL137100Table 14. Distribution of pupils who eat vegetables in a day

Frequency of eating vegetables in a day. As shown in Table 15, there are 37 or 27 percent who eat vegetables once in a day, 43 or 31.39 percent for those who9 eat vegetables twice a day, 47 or 34.31 percent for those who eat vegetables trice a day and only 5 or 3.65 percent who eat vegetables sometimes.Vegetables are the cheapest source of food they are always accessible and available. Aside from they are rich source of vitamins and minerals that regulates body processes, we can just find some of them in the backyard. Most of the respondents eat vegetables three times a day because vegetables are always available thats why parents always prepare vegetable dishes every day, and often every meal. There are some pupils who eat vegetables once in a day or not so often because they do not like the taste , they want meat better, or it is their choice to have it just once.

Table 15. Number of times they eat vegetables in a day

Eating vegetables in a dayFrequencyPercentageYes11382.48No42.92Sometimes2014.60TOTAL137100Frequency of eating vegetables in a dayFrequencyPercentageOnce 3727.00Twice4331.39Trice4734.31Sometimes53.65Total137100Eating meat in a day. Table 16 shows that 107 out of 137 respondents or 78.10 percent who eat meat in a day, 30 or 21.90 percent who eat meat for some times and 0 or none of the respondents do not eat meat in a day.Meat is a good source of protein. Protein is an important nutrient. It is used by our body to form tissues that helps children to grow. It also repairs and replaces parts of the body which wear out. Most of the pupils eat meat in a day maybe because they prefer meat than vegetables or might be it is only the available food that they have.

Table 16. Distribution of pupils who eat meat in a day

Frequency of eating meat in a day. Table 17, shows how often the respondents eat meat in a day. There are 75 out of 137 or 54.74 percent who eat meat once in a day, 25 or 18.25 percent who eat meat twice in a day, 27 or 19.71 percent who eat meat trice in a day and 10 or 7.30 percent who eat meat sometimes.Most of the respondents eat meat once in a day. It only means that they dont eat meat often to the fact that nowadays, meats like pork and beef are very expensive. And aside from meat there are still some other alternatives that can be used like chicken, fish, vegetables and others. Another, most of the residents of Parian Oeste are on the poverty level (Based from their annual family income) and with that kind of state in life it is really hard to afford as expensive as meat. The residents budget the money they have, whether big or small, for them to survive every day of their lives. But even though they budget it is still hard for them to include a bulk of meat in any menu they can have especially if they dont have a lot of money.

Eating meat in a dayFrequencyPercentageYes10778.10No00Sometimes3021.90Total137100Table 17. Number of times they eat meat in a day

Eating fish in a day. Table 18, shows that there are 113 out of 137 or 82.48 percent of the respondents who eat fish in a day, 9 or 6.57 percent who do not eat fish in a day and 15 or 10.95 percent who eat fish for some times.Fish, meat and poultry are similar nutritionally and, therefore, may be well considered together. Their chief nutritional significance is a source of easily digested and well utilized proteins.

Table 18. Number of pupils who eat fish in a day

Frequency of eating fish in a day. Table 19, shows how often the pupils eat fish in a day. 45 out of 137 or 32.85 percent who eat fish once in a day, 51 or 37.23 percent who eat fish twice in a day, 34 or 24.82 percent who eat fish three times in a day and 7 or 5.11 percent who eat fish sometimes.As shown in Table 19, most of the respondents eat fish twice in a day maybe because Parian Oeste is a community near the sea shore and most of the parents are fishermen so they preferred fish for food and sell the others for their other expenses.

Frequency of eating meat in a dayFrequencyPercentageOnce7554.74Twice2518.25Trice2719.71Sometimes107.30Total137100Eating fish in a dayFrequencyPercentageYes11382.48No96.57Sometimes1510.95Total137100Table 19. Number of times they eat fish in a day

Frequency of eating fruits in a day. Table 20, shows that there are 97 out of 137 respondents or 70.80 percent who eat fruits in a day, 10 or 7.30 percent who do not eat fruits in a day and 30 or 21.90 percent who eat fruits sometimes.Like vegetables, our respondents also eat fruits in a day. Fruits are very accessible and affordable. And mostly fruits are being used as deserts or appetizers. Some of the fruits that we can have without spending money are fruits that we can find at our backyard like mangoes, guavas, star apples, atis and others. Even if these fruits are seasonal, whether rain or shine there will always be a fruit accessible that everybody can eat. The most important contribution of fruit to the diet is its vitamin content. Together with milk, they form a group of foods which serve to supplement the deficiencies of those food upon which we depend for meeting our energy and protein needs. Even though some fruits are expensive when measured by the amount of energy and protein furnished they are cheap at any price because they are essential for the sake of the diet.

Table 20. Number of respondents who eat fruits in a day

Frequency of eating fish in a dayFrequencyPercentageOnce4532.85Twice5137.23Trice3424.82Sometimes75.11Total137100Eating fruits in a dayFrequencyPercentageYes 9770.80No107.30Sometimes3021.90Total137100Eating junk foods during snack time. Table 21, reveals that 94 out of 137 respondents or 68.61 percent who eat junk foods during snack time, 8 or 5.84 percent who do not eat junk foods during snack time, and 35 or 25.55 percent who eat junk foods sometimes.Most of the respondents eat junk foods which is not good for the health of growing children because most of the junk foods like curls contain too much salt, monosodium glutamate or MSG and food coloring that can cause ailments to the body if taking in much amount in a day. That is why there is a guideline from the DepEd that the school canteen should not be selling junk foods although some junk foods are enrich with vitamins still they are not allowed to be sold in school canteen to encourage the pupils to buy nutritious and affordable snacks like boiled bananas, banana cue, arroz caldo, champorado and sopas that is prepared by the school canteen teacher or the H.E. teacher.

Table 21. Distribution of Pupils who eat junk foods during snack time

Drinking soft drinks. Table 22, shows the percentage and frequency of pupils who drink soft drinks in a day. 61 out of 137 respondents or 44.53 percent who drink soft drinks in a day, 18 or 13.14 percent who do not drink soft drinks, and 58 or 42.34 percent answered sometimes.Most of the respondents drink soft drinks which is readily available in the stores and school canteen. Although expensive they prefer to buy it rather than drinking water in school which is not sure if its safe. Parian Oeste Elem. School has two (2) pump wells but it is not potable to drink. It is only use for watering the plants and flushing the toilets.

Eating junk foodsFrequencyPercentageYes9468.61No85.84Sometimes3525.55Total137100Table 22. Distribution of drinking soft drinks in a day.

Frequency of drinking softdrinks in a day. Table 23, shows that 97 out of 137 respondents or 20.80 percent who drink softdrinks once in a day, 12 or 8.76 percent drink twice in a day, 9 or 6.57 percent who drink trice in a day and 19 or 13.87 percent who drinks softdrinks sometimes.Softdrinks are carbonated drinks that is not recommended to be sold or served in school canteen based from the guidelines of the DepEd because it is not a healthy drink. Though they are readily available it is not practical to buy if there are cheaper drinks like juice or water served or sold in the school canteen.

Table 23. Number of times they drink softdrinks in a day

Drinking milk or milo during breakfast. Table 24 shows that 81 out of 137 respondents or 59.12 percent who drinks milk or milo during breakfast, 23 or 16.79 percent who do not drink milk or milo during breakfast and33 or 24.09 percent drinks milk or milo sometimes.Milk and milo drinks are healthy drinks that contains vitamins and minerals like Thiamine, Niacin, Vitamin D, and Calcium that helps build strong teeth and bones and is essential to keep the cells working.

Drinking softdrinksFrequencyPercentageYes6144.53No1813.14Sometimes5842.34Total137100Frequency of drinking softdrinksFrequencyPercentageOnce9770.80Twice128.76Trice96.57Sometimes1913.87Total137100Table 24. Distribution of pupils who drinks milk or milo during breakfast

Preference for drinking. Table 25, shows that 52 out of 1378 respondents or 37.96 percent prefer to drink water, 46 or 33.58 percent prefer to drink juice, 38 or 27.74 percent prefer to drink softdrinks and 1 or 0.73 percent prefer to drink other beverage.Water is a basic need. It is accessible and available at all times. Sometimes, water can already fill up or satisfy the need of our hunger and thirst. Water keeps the various vital fluids in solution so that they can perform their function. Without water there would be no sense of taste, no digestion, no absorption of food, no excretion of body wastes, and hence no life. The water is the vehicle through which the nutritive elements are distributed to the billions of cells in the body, and it is also the vehicle which carries the waste to the various excretory organs. We can live several weeks without food, but only a few days without water. Water is flexible as well; it can be mixed with different variants which makes it more tasty and interesting especially to kids. And we cant also deny the fact that water is very essential to life and aside from that it is the most healthful drink we can have. And based from these reasons, water garnered the highest percentage on this survey. It only means that the respondents prefer the most accessible, healthy and practical drink which is water.Table 25. Preference for drinking by the pupils

Drinking milk/milo during breakfastFrequencyPercentageYes8159.12No2316.79Sometimes3324.09Total137100BeveragesFrequencyPercentageWater5237.96Juice4633.58Softdrinks3827.74Others10.73Total137100Preparation of food at home. Table 26, reveals that 109 out of 137 respondents or 79.56 percent who said that their food is prepared and cooked by their mothers, 14 or 10.27 percent is prepared and cooked by their fathers, 4 or 2.92 percent is prepared and cooked by their older sisters and 10 or 7.30 percent is prepared and cooked by others ( might be their grandmother, relative or a housemaid)Most of the respondents said that their mother prepared and cooked their foods. It justifies the saying that mother knows best. In the case of the pupils of Parian Oeste Elem. School where mothers are mostly high school graduates might not have enough knowledge and understanding of what food is good for their children because of the high number of severely wasted and wasted children as shown in Table 9 of this survey. Malnutrition as defined in the dictionaries is faulty or improper nourishment. It is due sometimes to insufficient food but more often to lack of understanding of what food needs are essential to the body. The latter exemplified by the fact that even the rich suffer from malnutrition. Food selection and preparation is very important. To be able to make intelligent selection, one must have a knowledge of some principles about food as well as about body requirements. This realization has justified the inclusion of courses like foods, nutrition and health in our present secondary curriculum.

Table 26. Distribution of who prepares food at home

Eating on time. Table 27, shows that 116 out of 137 or 84.67 percent of the respondents eat on time, 7 or 5.11 percent do not eat on time and 14 or 10.22 percent eat on time sometimes.The nutritional status of school-age children can be influenced by eating meals on time. Though most of the respondents eat on time there are still few pupils who do not eat on time. Children who do not eat on time lose their appetite and eat less when the meal is served and this may cause problem on the part of the child. School work is too demanding, extra-curricular activities are too tiring. If the child do not eat well it slows down her mental performance, motor fitness and endurance and this will affect the scholastic rating of the child.

Preparing food at homeFrequencyPercentageMother10979.56Father1410.22Sister42.92Others107.30Total137100Table 27. Distribution of pupils who eat on time

Eating on timeFrequencyPercentageYes11684.67No75.11Sometimes1410.22Total137100V. SUMMARYThis survey was conducted to identify the nutritional status of the pupils of Parian Oeste Elem. School for the School Year 2010-2011.Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions.1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:a. Ageb. Genderc. Socio-economic backgroundd. Educational Attainmente. Religious affiliation?2. What is the nutritional status of the pupils of Parian Oeste Elem. School based on their Body Mass Index?3. What are the food preferences of the respondents during:a. Breakfastb. Lunch and Dinnerc. Snacks4. Is there a significant relationship between the nutritional status of the respondents and their food preferences?The survey utilized the descriptive research design where in 137 pupils from Parian Oeste Elem. School were chosen as respondents through the use of sampling. In order to get the sample size, the Slovins formula was used. The questionnaire was the main instrument used to gather the desired data for the survey. Measures and statistical tools like frequency count and percentage were utilized for the analysis of data.The findings of the study are presented here in:1. Profile of the respondents. Presented that majority of the pupils were female and that most of them ages from 10 (ten) to eleven (11) years old. Next, in their socio-economic background, most of their families having a low annual income. This means they belong to the Class C or D of our population.

In relation to their socio-economic background, the educational attainments of the parents were asked. For the fathers of the respondents, most of them were high school graduate who have a 45.26 percent from the total number of sample size. On the other hand, most of the mothers of our respondents were also high school graduates who have 51.82 percent from the total number of sample size. In addition, most of the pupils were Roman Catholic with a result of 92.27 percent of the total population.2. Nutritional status of the respondents from Parian Oeste Elem. School which were measured using the formula of BMI. It was presented that 5.11 percent or 7 out of 137 were severely wasted pupils; 27.01 percent or 37 out of 137 were wasted; 66.42 percent or 91 out of 137 pupils were normal; 0.73 percent or 1 out of 137 pupils were overweight ; and only 0.73 percent or 1 out of 137 was an obese pupil.3. Food preferences of respondents. Most of the respondents eat their meals on time. It is presented that most of the pupils eat their snacks and only few do not eat their snacks. It is also presented that vegetables and fish are the most served food at home. And for their drinks they prefer milk or milo drinks during breakfast and water to quench their thirst. They also take vitamins to supplement their body needs.VI. CONCLUSIONThe following conclusions are drawn from the findings of the study:1. The pupils of Parian Oeste Elem. School are mostly female. They are considered in their pre-adolescent stage since their age falls in the range of 10-11. And this stage, curiosity and being adventurous are expected. Most of them are Roman Catholic in religion and not financially stable in terms of their socio-economic background. Most of the parents of the pupils are not all college graduate so they cannot find a job suitable for them which contribute and explain why not all of the pupils of these school are not financially stable.2.Pupils of Parian Oeste Elem. School are mostly normal in terms of Body Mass Index but the high number of severely wasted and wasted pupils are still very alarming.Pupils of Parian Oeste Elem. School eat their meals on time which is prepared and cooked by their mothers. Vegetables and fish are the most prepared food for the children. Most of them also take vitamins to supplement their body needs. They also prefer water for drinking.

VII. RECOMMENDATIONBased on the findings and conclusion of the study, the following recommendation were made:1. There should be collaboration between the government and barangay officials to proffer more work, livelihood opportunities with support to those who are less fortunate. This could include some recreational and productive educational workshops that in one way could help adjunct the income of the families with lesser income.2. The school should implement school feeding program daily to decrease the number of malnourished children and to reduce drop-out rate.3. The school should seek help of the community and stake holders to fund the school feeding program.

4. Conduct seminar/ meeting with the Parent Teachers Association (PTA), Student Government Council(SGC) and stake holders in relation to proper health and nutrition.5. Organize Mothers Club to educate mothers about food preparation.

6. The foods served in the school canteen should provide healthier options for children by providing nutritious, acceptable and safe foods at the lowest possible costs.7. Since school-age children look at teachers as second parents, they should also be a role model of good nutrition, a healthy lifestyle and the practice of good personal hygiene. They should impart information on correct and good practices in health and nutrition. Lectures on Health and food and nutrition should be designed to allow the childs practical application. Nutrition and related concepts and practices could be integrated in subjects like Science, Social Studies and Home Economics.The School of Parian Oeste

Some of the malnourished children in the survey

Severely wasted pupils

Monthly School Feeding Program

Gulayan sa Paaralan Project

Eggplant

Patani

Siling Labuyo

Camote

OkraThe Nutritional Status Record of the Pupils of Parian Oeste Elem. School

Thank you for listening

The End

HNC NS Form 1_Blank FormDepartment of EducationNUTRITIONAL STATUS REPORT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN PARIAN OESTE ELEM. SCHOOLEndline (January) SY 2010-2011 ___________________

Grade LevelsEnrolmentPupils WeighedBODY MASS INDEX (BMI)Severely WastedWastedNormalAbove NormalObeseNo.%No.%No.%No.%No.%No.%Pre-elemMFTotalGrade IMFTotalGrade IIMFTotalGrade IIIMFTotalGrade IVMFTotalGrade VMFTotalGrade VIMFTotalMulti-GradeMFTotalSPEDMFTotalGRAND TOTAL:MFTotal

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HNC NS Form 1 _with formluaDepartment of EducationNUTRITIONAL STATUS REPORT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN _PARIAN OESTE (Endline- January 2011)

Grade LevelsEnrolmentPupils WeighedBODY MASS INDEX (BMI)Severely WastedWastedNormalAbove NormalObeseNo.%No.%No.%No.%No.%No.%Pre-elemMERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!FERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!Total00ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!Grade IM1919100.0000.00315.791684.2100.0000.00F2222100.0000.00418.181881.8200.0000.00Total4141100.0000.00717.073482.9300.0000.00Grade IIM2020100.0015.00315.001575.0015.0000.00F2424100.0014.17729.171666.6700.0000.00Total4444100.0024.551022.733170.4512.2700.00Grade IIIM1818100.0015.56527.781161.1100.0015.56F1212100.0000.00650.00650.0000.0000.00Total3030100.0013.331136.671756.6700.0013.33Grade IVM1818100.00316.6700.001583.3300.0000.00F1313100.0000.00215.381184.6200.0000.00Total3131100.0039.6826.452683.8700.0000.00Grade VM1515100.0000.0016.671493.3300.0000.00F1313100.0000.00215.381184.6200.0000.00Total2828100.0000.00310.712589.2900.0000.00Grade VIM2323100.0014.3528.702086.9600.0000.00F1212100.0000.00216.671083.3300.0000.00Total3535100.0012.86411.433085.7100.0000.00Multi-GradeM00ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!F00ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!Total00ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!SPEDM00ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!F00ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!Total00ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV/0!GRAND TOTAL:M113113100.0065.311412.399180.5310.8810.88F9696100.0011.042323.967275.0000.0000.00Total209209100.0073.353717.7016377.9910.4810.48

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