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SURVEY OF BREASFEEDING KNOWLEDGE, BELIEFS AND BEHAVIORS AMONG WOMEN IN CARBONDALE. Fatimah Ali-Ferre´ CHES. Significance. Benefits Health, nutritional, immunologic, developmental, psychological, social, economic, and environmental benefits. Significance. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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1
Fatimah Ali-Ferre´CHES
SignificanceBenefits
Health, nutritional, immunologic, developmental,
psychological, social, economic, and environmental benefits.
2Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre
Lower incidence of infectious diseases, respiratory disease, allergies, obesity, SDS, etc. (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality).
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 3
Significance
Significance
Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months should support optimal growth and development of a child (AAP).
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 4
Significance
National Goal
Healthy People 2010 to increase breastfeeding by
75% at postpartum, 60% at 6 months and 25% at 1 year (CDC).
5Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre
Photo: AP / Pat Roque)
Study PurposeTo find:
The disparities in breastfeeding knowledge (K), beliefs/attitudes (A) and behaviors (B).
6Breastfeeding Knowledge, Beliefs and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre
Theory
The Health Belief Model- People’s behavior influenced by their knowledge and beliefs.
A woman will (not) breastfeed depends on direct/indirect factors affecting these variables.
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Beliefs and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 7
DelineationDelineation
Target population
Women living in Carbondale, Illinois.
Sample50 respondents from a localOB/GYN office at time of their doctor’s office.
8Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre
Delineation
Sample
Women 18-40 years old.
Random sampling.
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 9
Method: Instrument Measurement
Instrument
Item Scale
Knowledge 12 Yes/No
Attitudes 13 Likert scale 1-5
SD Strongly disagree D DisagreeIDK I don’t know A Agree SA Strongly agree
Behaviors 13 Likert scale 1 Always (100%)2 Mostly (75%)3 Often (50%)4 Never (0%)
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre
10
Method: Data Analysis
Test Knowledge Beliefs Behavior
KR20 0.5 - 0.89
- 0.29 0.86
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 11
Reliability
Method: Data AnalysisDescriptive statistics Excel 2007
Frequency distribution
12Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 13
Descriptive Statistics
Data Analysis
Inferential Statistics
Independent t-test for K, A and B scores for difference between groups ( races and education).
Correlation analysis between K and A.
14Breastfeeding Knowledge, Beliefs and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre
Results: KnowledgeT-test Results for Knowledge (12 items)
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 15
Item Master’s and some high school
Associate degree and some college
African American and White
Expecting and those not expecting
Result
0.13 0.32 0.002 0.07
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 16
Items Group mean
Group mean Expectingmothers
Item 5 Item 6 Item 7
Proportion incorrect
Result
6.3 6.8 98% 92% 88%
Results for Knowledge (12 items)
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 17
Items Item test mean
1. There is an economic benefit of breastfeeding.
4.18
4. Breastfeeding means I have to eat and drink differently.
3.48
7. Breastfeeding is good for me.
3.94
12. I don't think I know enough about breastfeeding.
3.22
Likert scale 1-5SA=5A=4
DA=3
SD=2
IDK=1
Results: Attitude
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 18
Items Item test mean
5. I would be embarrassed if someone saw me breastfeeding.
2.7
6. Breastfeeding makes the breasts sag.
2.74
9. Breastfeeding is painful. 2.9
11. I don't think I know enough about breastfeeding.
2.76
10. Breastfeeding means I can't go back to school or/and work.
1.86
Results: Attitude
Results: AttitudeCorrelation coefficient
Inverse relation between K and A
-0.32
T-test=0.159 (.05); not a significant difference btw African Americans and Whites.
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 19
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 20
Behavior Expecting womenWill breastfeed, not sure of duration.
11
Exclusively 1 year. 1
Exclusively 18 months. 1
Bottle feeding 2
Thinking of breastfeeding but not sure
2
1 month 2
6 months 8
Not thinking of breastfeeding, no decision.
1
Total 28
Results: Behavior
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 21
Behavior (reasons for not breastfeeding)
Respondents
Medication, doctor did not recommend.
1
Mother (50%) 2
Partner (75%) 1
School (50%) 1
Results: Behavior
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 22
Results: Behavior
Conclusion and RecommendationsDisparity in breastfeeding K between
African
Americans and Whites.
Need targeted programming
No significant difference in K
Educational levels
Between expecting mothers and those that are not.
23Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre
Conclusion and Recommendations
No significant difference in Attitude between races.
Average Knowledge (K) test score low
Need to increase K.
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 24
Conclusion and Recommendations
Revise content of
breastfeeding information
provided through physicians,
health departments and
hospitals.Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 25
ImplicationsFindings could be utilized as part of a
pilot study to create a breastfeeding promotion program for the women of Carbondale.
Majority on Medicaid implies modest income
Need to research further for SES barriers to breastfeeding.
26Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre
ImplicationsFocus on WIC program.
Apply Stages of Change Theory to learning material to target the “intending but undecided” group.
Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre 27
Limitations and Recommendations
Items for attitudes should be revised since the CA was not within an accepted value.
A likely response bias may have affected the survey because respondents’ significant others were seated next to them.
Participation skewed towards Medicaid recipients.
Pilot study needs more research.
28Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors. F. Ali-Ferre